實(shí)驗(yàn)室功能間常用英文術(shù)語(yǔ)

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)室及功能間常用英文術(shù)語(yǔ)整理了實(shí)驗(yàn)室和各個(gè)功能間的中英文對(duì)照。包括如下幾個(gè)部分內(nèi)容:一、容器與耗材(vessel&consumablematerial)二、實(shí)驗(yàn)操作(manipulation)三、儀器(apparatus)四、化學(xué)試劑(reagent)五、實(shí)驗(yàn)室各個(gè)功能間名稱(chēng)一.容器與耗材(小瓶vial量杯measuringcup燒杯beaker量筒measuringflask/measuringcylinderer土甘蝸crucible塔蝸鉗crucibleclamp試管testtube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette魚(yú)缸aquarium燒瓶flask錐形瓶conicalfla

2、sk塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plasticwashbottle玻璃活塞stopcock試劑瓶reagentbottles玻棒glassrod攪拌棒stirringrod容量瓶volumetricflask/measuringflask移液管(one-mark)pipette吸液管pipette濾器filter濾紙filterpaper培養(yǎng)皿culturedish移液槍pipette移液槍槍頭pipettetips剃刀刀片razorbladevessel&consumablematerial)手術(shù)刀scalpel垃圾袋disposablebag垃圾桶garbagebin橡皮筋ru

3、bberband托盤(pán)Tray車(chē)呂箔aluminiumfoil洗耳球rubbersuctionbulb保鮮膜preservativefilm研磨缽mortar研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸£留裝置distillingapparatus桶bucket廣口瓶wide-mouthbottle離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子rotor試管架testtubeholder/rack酒精燈alcoholburner酒精噴燈blastalcoholburner攪拌裝置stirringdevice石蠟封口膜Parafilm微量離心管(EP管)Eppendorftube載玻片Slide蓋玻片Coverglass離心管C

4、entrifugetube電泳槽Geltank電線(xiàn)Electricalleads牙簽Toothpick螺絲釘Screw鎖緊螺母Nut,Capnut復(fù)印紙Copypaper復(fù)寫(xiě)紙Carbonpaper釘Nail試管刷test-tubebrush計(jì)時(shí)器Timer鬧鐘AlarmclockU形釘Staple衣服掛鉤Coathanger電泳用的梳子Comb扳手Shiftingspanner訂書(shū)機(jī)Stapler訂書(shū)釘staple圓珠筆芯Refill燈泡Globe記號(hào)筆markerpen注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger鐵架臺(tái)ironsupport萬(wàn)能夾extensionclamp止水夾flatj

5、awpinchcock圓形漏斗架cast-ironring橡膠管rubbertubing丟棄discard轉(zhuǎn)移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowingandsuction離心收集pelletresuspend絮狀沉淀flocculentprecipitate渾濁的turbid烘bake滅菌sterilize藥匙labspoon鑲子forceps/tweezers蜂鳴器buzzer架子shelf剪刀scissor打孑L器stopperborer移液吸管serologicalpipette血球計(jì)數(shù)板hemocytometerpH試紙universalphindicatorpaper稱(chēng)

6、量紙weighingpaper透明膠帶sellotape篩子sieve網(wǎng)眼mesh格子grid擦鏡紙wiperforlens水銀溫度計(jì)mercury-filledthermometer白大褂whitegown真空泵vacuumpump水浴鍋waterbathkettle口罩respirator電極electrode陽(yáng)極，正極anode.實(shí)驗(yàn)操作(manipulation):均質(zhì)化homogenize分裝aliquot培養(yǎng)foster通風(fēng)ventilate冷卻chilldown稀釋dilute洗脫elute孵育incubate超聲破碎ultrasonication淬滅quench陰極，負(fù)極cat

7、hode發(fā)酵fermentation溶解dissolve燃燒combustion水解hydrolysis過(guò)濾filtrate濃縮condense催化劑catalyst研磨grind破碎crush催化作用catalysis分解dissolution渦旋震蕩Vortex電泳Electrophoresis抽濾suctionfiltration電轉(zhuǎn)化electrotransformation收菌harvest切碎chop/mince灌注perfusion漿液slurry.儀器(apparatus)超凈工作臺(tái)supercleanbench通風(fēng)櫥fumecupboard藥柜Cupboard高壓蒸汽滅菌器a

8、utoclave電泳電源Electrophoresispowersupply紫外燈Ultravioletillumination真空泵Vacuumpump天平balance/scale分析夭平analyticalbalance臺(tái)秤platformbalance渦旋振蕩器VortexingmachineCO2培養(yǎng)箱CO2Incubators電子顯微鏡ElectroMicroscopy電泳儀ElectrophoresisSystem恒流泵constantflowpump裂解物L(fēng)ysate沉淀物Sediment上清Supernatant小滴droplet一批batch色譜chromatograph沉

9、淀precipitate接種inoculate探針probe蒸儲(chǔ)distil/distill攪拌Stir/agitate旋轉(zhuǎn)swirl/spin中和neutralize校準(zhǔn)calibrate平衡equilibrate結(jié)塊、塊狀沉淀clump粘稠的viscous漂洗rinse脫水dehydrate恒溫循環(huán)儀Thermostaticcirculator空調(diào)機(jī)AirconditionerpH計(jì)pHmeter照度計(jì)(測(cè)量熒光素酶酶活)luminometer磁力攪拌器magneticstirrer烘箱oven微波爐microwaveoven電磁爐electromagneticoven凝膠系統(tǒng)Gelsys

10、tem電子天平Electronicbalance轉(zhuǎn)接器Adapter離心機(jī)centrifuge蓋子lid/cap圭寸口設(shè)備Sealingequipment復(fù)印機(jī)Duplicator,copyingmachine解剖鏡anatomicallensPCR儀Thermocycler倒置顯微鏡InvertedMicroscope核磁共振波譜儀NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectrometer光學(xué)顯微鏡OpticalMicroscopy搖床Shaker培養(yǎng)箱incubator四.化學(xué)試劑1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine(Ala,A)繳氨酸valine(Val,V)亮氨酸leucine

11、(Leu,L)異亮氨酸isoleucine(Ile,I)脯氨酸proline(Pro,P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine(Phe,F)色氨酸t(yī)ryptophan(Trp,W)蛋氨酸methionine(Met,M)甘氨酸glycine(Gly,G)絲氨酸serine(Ser,S)蘇氨酸t(yī)hreonine(Thr,T)半胱氨酸cysteine(Cys,C)酪氨酸t(yī)yrosine(Tyr,Y)天冬氨酸asparagines(Asn,N)谷氨酰胺glutamine(Gln,Q)賴(lài)氨酸lysine(Lys,K)精氨酸arginine(Arg,R)組氨酸histidine(His,H)天冬氨酸asp

12、articacid(Asp,D)谷氨酸glutamicacid(Glu,E)2、核昔酸腺在adenosine鳥(niǎo)喋吟核昔guanosine胞在cytidine超濾器UltrahighPurityFilter超彳氐溫冰箱Ultra-lowTemperatureFreezer超聲破碎儀UltrasonicCellDisruptor紫外觀(guān)察燈UltravioletLamp紫外-可見(jiàn)光分光光度計(jì)UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer計(jì)算器calculator/numeratorreagent)胸腺。密嚏脫氧核昔thymidine尿。密嚏核昔uridine脫氧deoxy-3、其他化學(xué)試劑二

13、甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Aceticacidglacial硼酸Boricacid氯化鈣Calciumchloride疏基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪喋Imidazole鹽酸月瓜guanidinehydrochloride無(wú)水乙醇absoluteethanol乙酸鈉Sodiumacetate氯化鈉Sodiumchloride生理鹽水physiologicalsaline洗滌劑detergent十二烷基磺酸鈉Sodiumdodecylsulphate鹽酸hydrochloricacid氫氧化鈉sodiumhydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白月東Tryptone酵母提取物yeastextr

14、act瓊脂Agar甘油glycerin內(nèi)毒素endotoxin兩性霉素amphotericin氨節(jié)Ampicillin肝素heparin卡那霉素Kanamycin胰蛋白酶Trypsin漠化乙錠ethidiumbromide胰島素Insulin樹(shù)月旨resin糖類(lèi)saccharide蔗糖Sucrose醋酸鉀Potassiumacetate異丙醇Isopropanol醋酸鉉Ammoniumacetate異戊醇Isoamylalcohol氯仿Chloroform甲醇methanol遺傳霉素geneticin糖原glycogen血清serum高鎰酸鉀potassiumhypermanganate考馬斯

15、亮藍(lán)Coomassiebrilliantblue液氮liquidnitrogen次氯酸鈉clorox苯酚phenol陰離子anion堿性alkalinity五.化驗(yàn)室各功能間名稱(chēng)（中英文對(duì)照）1、免疫檢測(cè)室ImmuneDetectionRoom（1個(gè)）2、樣品管理室SampleManagementRoom（1個(gè)）3、高壓滅菌室HighPressureSterilizationRoom（1個(gè)）4、綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)室（一）ComplexLab（1）（1個(gè)）5、男更衣Men'sChangeroom（1個(gè)）6、女更衣Women'sChangeroom（1個(gè)）7、試劑庫(kù)ReagentReposi

16、tory（1個(gè)）8、物料留樣室MaterialSampleRoom（1個(gè)）9、留樣品室SampleRoom（1個(gè)）10、緩沖間TheBufferRoom（4個(gè)）11、無(wú)菌室TheSterilityTestLab（1個(gè)）12、微生物限度室MicrobialLimitTestLab（1個(gè)）13、陽(yáng)性實(shí)驗(yàn)室PositiveBacteriaLab（1個(gè)）14、準(zhǔn)備室PreparationRoom（1個(gè)）15、培養(yǎng)室CultureRoom（1個(gè)）二樓1、定氮室KjeldahlanalysisRoom（1個(gè)）2、消化室DigestionRoom（1個(gè)）3、儀器室InstrumentRoom（1個(gè)）4、綜合

17、實(shí)驗(yàn)室（二）ComplexLab（2）（1個(gè)）5、高效液相色譜室HPLCLab（1個(gè)）6、原子吸收色譜室AASLab（1個(gè)）7、氣瓶室CylinderStores（2個(gè)）8、氣相色譜室GCLab（1個(gè)）9、技術(shù)資料室ReferenceRoom（1個(gè)）10、放免測(cè)定室RadioimmunoassayRoom（1個(gè)）11、清洗室CleaningRoom（1個(gè)）12、干烤室OvenRoom（1個(gè)）13、天平室BalanceRoom（1個(gè)）14、燈檢室LightInspectionRoom（1個(gè)）15、水分測(cè)定室MoistureMeasurementRoom（1個(gè)）16、標(biāo)化室Standardizat

18、ionRoom（1個(gè)）17、QC辦公室QCOffice（1個(gè)）18、QA辦公室QAOffice（1個(gè)）19、病毒實(shí)驗(yàn)室備用間Spareroom技術(shù)資料室Technicaldocument洗滌室washingchamber滅菌室sterilizationroom更衣室（一）changingroom（1）更衣室（二）changingroom（2）更衣室changingroom樣品間sampleroom試劑室Reagentroom洗衣室laundry理化檢測(cè)室PhysicalandchemicalLabHBsAg、抗-HCV檢測(cè)室HBsAg、Anti-HCVLab抗-HIV檢測(cè)室Anti-HIVLa

19、b梅毒螺旋體抗體、ALT檢測(cè)室treponemapallidumantibody、ALTLab核酸擴(kuò)增及擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物分析區(qū)nucleicacidamplificationandamplificationproductanalysisarea核酸提取室Nucleicacidextractionchamber清潔區(qū)cleanzone試劑儲(chǔ)存和準(zhǔn)備區(qū)Reagentstorageandpreparationarea消毒前室Beforedisinfectionroom消毒后室Afterdisinfectionroom前室antechamber緩沖間bufferroom復(fù)合材料實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabofComposit

20、ematerials高分子材料制作室Polymermaterialsstudio高分子材料性能實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabofPolymermaterialProperties高分子材料共混改性實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabforPolymermaterialsBlendingandModification高分子材料加工實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabforPolymermaterialsprocessing高分子物理實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabofPolymerphysics(1)高分子化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabofPolymerchemistry(1)高分子合成實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabforPolymersynthesis高分子材料結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)驗(yàn)室LabofPolymermateria

21、lsstructure實(shí)驗(yàn)室常用英語(yǔ)-化學(xué)生物類(lèi)自己做實(shí)驗(yàn)也是磕磕碰碰。以前學(xué)英文從來(lái)沒(méi)有學(xué)這些內(nèi)容。郁悶起學(xué)習(xí)分享，希望對(duì)學(xué)化學(xué)生物類(lèi)的朋1.2.來(lái)美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)遇到了一個(gè)很郁悶的事：走進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室跟別人交流非常困難一個(gè)很大的原因就是一些實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器或是藥品的名稱(chēng)不知道怎么說(shuō)之余，我在網(wǎng)上搜集了一些相關(guān)儀器和藥品的中英對(duì)照，與大家友有些幫助。由于藥品種類(lèi)繁多，各人使用相關(guān)也很大，以下僅列儀器部分。量杯measuringcup燒杯beaker不銹車(chē)岡杯stainless-steelbeaker量筒measuringflask/measuringcylinder量筒graduatedflask/measuri

22、ngcylinder土甘蝸crucible塔蝸鉗crucibleclamp塔蝸cruciblepot,meltingpot試管testtube試管架testtubeholder漏斗funnel分液漏斗separatoryfunnel容器類(lèi)：錐形瓶conicalflask塞子stopper洗瓶plasticwashbottle滴定管burette玻璃活塞stopcock冷凝器condenser試劑瓶reagentbottles玻棒glassrod攪拌棒stirringrod蒸£留燒瓶distillingflask碘量瓶iodineflask表面皿watchglass蒸發(fā)皿evapora

23、tingdish燒瓶flask容量瓶volumetricflask/measuringflask移液管（one-mark）pipette刻度移液管graduatedpipettes稱(chēng)量瓶weighingbottle吸液管pipette濾管filter天平balance/scale分析夭平analyticalbalance臺(tái)秤platformbalance游碼crossbeamsandslidingweights酒精燈alcoholburner酒精噴燈blastalcoholburner攪拌裝置stirringdevice洗耳球rubbersuctionbulb研磨缽mortar研磨棒pestl

24、e瑪瑙研缽agatemortar瓷器porcelain白細(xì)口瓶flintglasssolutionbottlewithstopper滴瓶droppingbottle小滴管dropper蒸£留裝置distillingapparatus蒸發(fā)器evaporator試驗(yàn)用器材:升降臺(tái)labjack鐵架臺(tái)ironsupport萬(wàn)能夾extensionclamp蝴蝶夾double-buretclamp雙頂絲clampregularholder止水夾flatjawpinchcock圓形漏斗架cast-ironring移液管架pipetrack試管架tuberack沸石boilingstone橡膠管

25、rubbertubing藥匙labspoon鑲子forceps土甘蝸鉗crucibletong剪刀scissor打孑L器stopperborer石棉網(wǎng)asbestos-freewiregauze電爐絲wirecoilforheater脫脂棉absorbentcottonphph試紙universalphindicatorpaper濾紙filterpaper稱(chēng)量紙weighingpaper擦鏡紙wiperforlens秒表stopwatch量杯glassgraduateswithscale白滴定管（酸）flintglassburettewithglassstopcock棕色滴定管（酸）brown

26、glassburettewithglassstopcock白滴定管（堿）flintglassburetteforalkali棕色滴定管（堿）brownglassburetteforalkali比重瓶specificgravitybottle水銀溫度計(jì)mercury-filledthermometerph計(jì)phmeter折光儀refractometer真空泵vacuumpump冷、熱浴bath離心機(jī)centrifuge口罩respirator防毒面具respirator、gasmask磁力攪拌器magneticstirrer電動(dòng)攪拌器powerbasicstirrer烘箱oven指示劑閃點(diǎn)儀fl

27、ashpointtestermatrass卵形瓶馬弗爐furnacelitmus右蕊電爐heaterlitmuspaper右蕊試紙微波爐電熱套heatingmantleburette滴定管Bunsenburner本生燈retort曲頸甑product化學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物still蒸儲(chǔ)釜apparatus設(shè)備cupel烤缽PHindicatorPH值指示劑，氫離于（濃度的）負(fù)指數(shù)化學(xué)反應(yīng)：analysis分解solution溶解fractionation分儲(chǔ)combustion燃燒endothermicreaction吸熱反應(yīng)fusion,melting熔解exothermicreaction放熱反應(yīng)a

28、lkalinity堿性precipitation沉淀isomerism,isomery同分異物現(xiàn)象toprecipitate沉淀hydrolysis水解todistil,todistill蒸儲(chǔ)electrolysis電解distillation蒸儲(chǔ)electrode電極tocalcine燧燒anode陽(yáng)極，正極tooxidize氧化cathode陰極，負(fù)極alkalinization堿化catalyst催化劑tooxygenate,tooxidize脫氧，氧化catalysis催化作用toneutralize中和oxidization,oxidation氧化tohydrogenate氫化red

29、ucer還原劑tohydrate水合，水化dissolution分解todehydrate脫水synthesis合成fermentation發(fā)酵reversible可逆的儀器中英文對(duì)照AgingPropertyTester老化性能測(cè)定儀AminoAcidAnalyzer氨基酸組成分析儀AnalyzerforClinicMedicineConcentration臨床藥物濃度儀AtomicAbsorptionSpectroscopy原子吸收光譜儀AtomicEmissionSpectrometer原子發(fā)射光譜儀AtomicFluorescenceSpectroscopy原子熒光光譜儀Automat

30、icTitrator自動(dòng)滴定儀BasicPhysics基本物理量測(cè)定BiochemicalAnalyzer生化分析儀Biochemicalanalysis生物技術(shù)分析Bio-reactor生物反應(yīng)器Blood-gasAnalyzer血?dú)夥治鰞xCentrifuge離心機(jī)ChemiluminescenceApparatus化學(xué)發(fā)光儀CHNAnalysis環(huán)境成分分析儀CO2IncubatorsCO2培養(yǎng)箱CombustionPropertyTester燃燒性能測(cè)定儀ConductivityMeter電導(dǎo)儀ConstantTemperatureCirculator恒溫循環(huán)泵DirectCurrent

31、PlasmaEmissionSpectrometer直流等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀DNASequencersDNA測(cè)序儀DNAsynthesizerDNA合成儀ElectricalPropertyTester電性能測(cè)定儀ElectroMicroscopy電子顯微鏡ElectrolyticAnalyzer電解質(zhì)分析儀ElectronEnergyDisperseSpectroscopy電子能譜儀ElectronParamagneticResonanceSpectrometer電子順磁共振波譜儀Electrophoresis電泳ElectrophoresisSystem電泳儀ELIASA酶標(biāo)儀EnergyD

32、isperseSpectroscopy能譜儀Fermenter發(fā)酵罐FlowAnalyticalandProcessAnalyticalChemistry流動(dòng)分析與過(guò)程分析FractionCollector部分收集器FreezeDryingEquipment凍干機(jī)FT-IRSpectrometer傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀FT-RamanSpectrometer傅里葉變換拉曼光譜儀GasAnalysis氣體分析GasChromatograph氣相色譜儀GC-MS氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀GelPermeationChromatograph凝膠滲透色譜儀HighPressure/PerformanceLiq

33、uidChromatography高壓/效液相色譜儀HybridizationOven分子雜交儀ICP-MSICP-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀InductiveCoupledPlasmaEmissionSpectrometer電感偶合等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀InstrumentforNondestructiveTesting無(wú)損檢測(cè)儀InstrumentforPolymeraseChainReactionPCR儀InvertedMicroscope倒置顯微鏡IonChromatograph離子色譜儀IsotopeX-RayFluorescenceSpectrometer同位素X熒光光譜儀LC-MS液相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用

34、儀MassSpectrometer質(zhì)譜儀MechanicalPropertyTester機(jī)械性能測(cè)定儀Metal/materialelementalanalysis金屬/材料元素分析儀MetallurgicalMicroscopy金相顯微鏡MicrowaveInductivePlasmaEmissionSpectrometer微波等離子體光譜儀NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectrometer核磁共振波譜儀OpticalMicroscopy光學(xué)顯微鏡OpticalPropertyTester光學(xué)性能測(cè)定儀Other/Miscellaneous其他ParticleSizeA

35、nalyzer粒度分析儀PCRAmplifierPCR儀Peptidesynthesizer多肽合成儀pHMeterpH計(jì)PhysicalPropertyAnalysis物性分析Polarograph極譜儀ProteinSequencer氨基酸測(cè)序儀Rheometer流變儀SampleHandling樣品處理ScanningProbeMicroscopyFG|8oU掃描探針顯微鏡Sensors傳感器SequencersandSynthesizersforDNAandProteinDNA及蛋白質(zhì)的測(cè)序和合成儀Shaker搖床SizeExclusionChromatograph體積排阻色譜Surf

36、aceScience表面科學(xué)SurfaceAnalyzer表面分析儀ThermalAnalyzer熱分析儀ThermalPhysicalPropertyTester熱物理性能測(cè)定儀UltrahighPurityFilter超濾器Ultra-lowTemperatureFreezer超彳氐溫冰箱UltrasonicCellDisruptor超聲破碎儀UltravioletDetector紫外檢測(cè)儀UltravioletLamp紫外觀(guān)察燈UrineAnalyzer尿液分析儀UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer紫外-可見(jiàn)光分光光度計(jì)Viscometer粘度計(jì)Voltammerter伏安儀WaterTestKits水質(zhì)分析儀X-RayFluorescenceSpectrometerX射線(xiàn)熒光光譜儀X-RayDiffractomerX射線(xiàn)衍射儀分子生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室常用儀器物品英文詞匯口卓respirator試驗(yàn)管tube耐酸橡膠手套rubbergloves試管架testtuberack藥匙labspoon洗瓶plasticwashbottle鉗子pliers玻璃攪棒glassstirringstick扳子spanne研缽mortars螺絲刀screwdriver研棒pestles多用電源插座multi-purposesocket冰盒icebox復(fù)印紙copy