短文改錯(cuò)形容詞副詞解析及練習(xí)

1、 短文改錯(cuò)專題（一）形容詞和副詞一、考點(diǎn)聚焦1、形容詞、副詞的語(yǔ)法作用與位置形容詞是用來修飾名詞的，常被放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，或放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)。而副詞則用來修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞，其他副詞或者句子，一般位于形容詞之前，動(dòng)詞之后或句子之首。視覺成像以下屬幾種特殊情況，須牢記；（1）形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)后置。a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high（2）表語(yǔ)形容詞（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)后置。如a man alive。有些表身體健康狀況的形

2、容詞如well、faint、ill只作表語(yǔ)。sick既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)，ill如作定語(yǔ)意為“bad”。（3）用作定語(yǔ)，修飾由不定代詞one、no、any、some和every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如anything、something等時(shí)，通常后置。如：I have something important to tell you.（4）else常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后置定語(yǔ)。（5）enough、修飾名詞前置，enough修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，必須后置。(6)形容詞變副詞：規(guī)則例外：不規(guī)則變化（9個(gè)）good many such fast prettyearly enough no right（7）特

3、殊形容詞副詞下列單詞以-ly結(jié)尾，但卻是形容詞而非副詞：lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。表愿意（無-ly）和引申意(有-ly)的副詞：deep深 wide寬廣 high高 low位置低deeply深入地 widely廣泛地 highly高度地 lowly地位卑微有無-ly意義大不相同的副詞：dead完全，絕對(duì)be dead asleep deadly非常be deadly tired pretty相當(dāng)be pretty certain that prettily漂亮地be pret

4、tily dressedclose近Dont sit close. closely密切地Watch closely! late晚、遲arrive late, come late lately最近I havent seen him lately(recently). hardhardly3、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)（1）原級(jí)的構(gòu)成和用法。構(gòu)成：形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)即本身。用法：表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等某方面相等時(shí)，用“as + 原級(jí)形容詞/副詞 + as”的結(jié)構(gòu)；表示雙方不相等時(shí)，用“not so(as) + 原級(jí)形容詞/副詞 + as”的結(jié)構(gòu)；表示一方是另一方的若干倍時(shí)，用“倍數(shù) + as +

5、 原級(jí)形容詞/副詞 + as”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.This building looks not so (as)high as that one.Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you .This room is three times as large as that one.（2）比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成。掌握比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則，熟記少數(shù)不符合規(guī)則的特殊形容詞和副詞。（3）比較級(jí)的用法。對(duì)方比較，表示一方超過另一方時(shí)，用“比較級(jí) + than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如：This picture is

6、 more beautiful than that one.表示一方不及另一方時(shí)，用“l(fā)ess + 原級(jí) + than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如： This room is less beautiful than that one.比較級(jí)構(gòu)成視覺成像表示一方超過另一方的程度或數(shù)量時(shí)，可在比較級(jí)前加表示程度的狀語(yǔ)，如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by far等修飾。修飾比較級(jí)如：He works even harder than before.He found he got 2cm higher than one year before when

7、 he measured himself yesterday.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting.A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest注意：英語(yǔ)的比較級(jí)前如無even、still或yet等時(shí)，譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)可用“較”或“一些”或不譯出，一般不可有“更”。如：She is better than she was yesterdayPlease come earlier tomorrow.比較級(jí)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)另注意：by far通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級(jí)。用于比較級(jí)

8、時(shí)，一般放在比較級(jí)的后面，如在前面，應(yīng)在二者中間加“the”。如：He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時(shí)，用“the + 比較級(jí)（主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)），the + 比較級(jí)（主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)）”的結(jié)構(gòu)（意為“越越”）。如：The harder he works, the happier he feels.不與其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改變時(shí)，用“比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：The weather is getting colder

9、and colder.The girl becomes more and more beautiful.某些以-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用to代替than。這些詞有inferior（劣等的，次的）、superior（較好的，優(yōu)于）、junior（資歷較淺的）、senior（資格較老的）、prior（在之前）等。He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.在比較從句中為了避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that(those)、one(ones)代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that指物,one既可指人又可指物。that可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，而one只能代替可數(shù)名詞。

10、The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。（A）A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length, depth, width, size ,weight etc.)of B.這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大（高）。The new building is four times the size(the height)of the

11、 old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓大三倍（高三倍）。（B）A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲比歐洲大三倍。（C）A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。用times 表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.比

12、較級(jí)與否定詞連用表示最高級(jí)意義1)-What do you think of her performance-She couldnt behave better. /I havent seen such a better one before.2)-How do you like the movie?-It cant be _. It is so boringA. goodB. badC. worseD. better(4)最高級(jí)的用法。三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用“the + 最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。如：Zhang Hua is the tall

13、est of the three.He works(the)hardest in his class.How much did the second most expensive hat cost?He is the tallest(boy)in his class.最高級(jí)完整結(jié)構(gòu)： (7)重要的詞語(yǔ)辨析（A）ago、before, ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”；before指以過去或?qū)淼哪硶r(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。（B）already、yet、still, already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生；still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯

14、定句。(C)too、also、either, too和also用于肯定句，too多用于口語(yǔ)，also多用于書面語(yǔ)，either用于否定句。(D)good、well:與good不同的是，well作形容詞，只能在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)，表示“身體狀況好”，也作副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。本次課重點(diǎn)視覺成像課堂練習(xí)真題演練1. My friend Nick told me a story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested. (10全國(guó))2. I learned early in life that I had to be more

15、 patient and little aggressive. (12 全國(guó))3. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. (2012 陜西)4. Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. (2012重慶)5. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. (2014 全國(guó))6. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! (2014 全國(guó))7. So

16、 really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. (2014 全國(guó)大綱)8. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird. (2014 陜西)9. Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a seriously problem. (2015 全國(guó))10. Much rare animals are dying out. (2015 全國(guó)I)11.

17、 Dad and I were terrible worried. (2015 全國(guó)II)12. Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. (2015 四川)13. I could easy see the football field. (2015 浙江)14. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world. So I decide to ask her for help. (15 陜西)15. I thought the biscuits were really well

18、. (2015 陜西)16. Interesting, it had a connection with the British porcelain industry. (2013 全國(guó)II)17. I remember my grandfather very much. (2013 全國(guó)I)18. When the teacher asks us very difficulty questions, Ill think quickly and stand to answer. (2013 全國(guó))19. Nang  is  a  specially  k

19、ind  of cake  in  Xinjiang. (2011全國(guó)卷1)20. If you'd like to make a trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. (2011全國(guó)卷2)21. Instead, he hopes that his b

20、usiness will grow steady. （2016全國(guó)卷1）22. At one time , I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. （2016全國(guó)卷3）23. They were also the best and worse years in my life . （2016全國(guó)卷3）能力提升1. For one reason, what you are studying is bad needed nowadays in our coun

21、try.2. I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! 3. It, of course, will be beneficially to your understanding of the Chinese language.4. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.5. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did.6. Unfortunate,

22、 the problem was the journey home.7. The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister, but I just thought it was funny!8. Some people are against the plan, but much more support it.9. Betty stood closely to her teacher and watched closely what he was doing.10. Ill also do plenty of exercise, w

23、hich wont do me any harm too.11. Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily.12. You wont be able to get any farther information until tomorrow.13. When I came back into the house, it was raining more harder and harder.14. If all the people drive such cars in the future, there will be fewe

24、r pollution in the air.15. He knew such little French that he couldnt make himself understood.16. Some people online shopping is more convenient and the goods are cheap.17. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes opening.18. Everyone tried their best to reach the top of the hill as fas

25、ter as they could.19. This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I saw outside a bank.20. The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed.21. Some students may wonder why, as they think being a teacher is hard while the pay is little.22. In size, New Ze

26、aland is bigger than Guangdong Province, yet has a much small population.23. In addition, having a glimpse of the vivid pictures and living videos on the Internet contributes to regaining my energy.24. It is a beautiful car, but it is not worthy the price that I paid for it.25. Thats why an American

27、 gets uneasy when a listener is silence and show no change of expression.26. He is possible to come to help us if he doesnt have to attend the meeting.27. Maybe I feel comfortable and relaxed in totally darkness.28. Road safety has aroused the widely attention of the public.29. It is what we have ex

28、perienced along the way to success that we treasure and enjoy mostly.30. The internet also has bad effects on people, specially on teenagers.課后作業(yè)：語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)十Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep needed 1_ on the age of the person and the conditions in 2_sleep takes place. The young ma

29、y need more sleep than 3_ old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups. Some can do with 4_ than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. 5_ is then a matter of good judgment to satisfy his need. Sleep 6_ always be enough to make one bring back h

30、is 7_ (strong) and get ready for a days work.   Fresh air is necessary to sound sleep. So it is not without reason for some people 8_think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. A bath at bedtime, 9_ hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleep produc

31、ing drug(幫助睡眠的藥物) should never be taken except when 10_ (suggest) by a doctor.語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)十一I asked my uncle, who plays 1_ piano well, 2_ he would assess (評(píng)定) the tone of a second-hand piano I was hoping to buy. We arrived 3_ the house and Uncle Frank looked the piano over, then 4_ (sit) down and played a

32、 mixture of honky-tonk numbers and classical pieces. When he finished, we told the family that we would call 5_ in 15 minutes.Outside, Uncle Frank said that 6_ the wood was battered (壞掉的)，the sound was good and we should buy it.When I phoned the woman back, she sounded as if she was crying. Concerne

33、d, I asked, “Whats the 7_?”“We didnt know the piano 8_ play like that,” she replied. The piano wasnt 9_ sale, and 10_ daughter had to resume(重新開始) taking piano lessons.語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)十二In North America people are always in 1_ hurry. Children have special lessons or sports activities 2_ school. Pare

34、nts often work late and 3_ get home until 7 or 8 oclock at night. Most North American families dont have time to prepare a meal. That is 4_ fast food is so popular in North America. People 5_ about 40% of their dollars on fast food.People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains 6_ they can

35、 enjoy pizza, sandwiches and so on. Fast food saves work and time, but it is not 7_ (nutrition).American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not 8_ is happy about the spread(擴(kuò)展)of fast food. A group of people in Italy want to fight 9_ the spread. They dont like

36、 the idea of more fast food chains 10_(open) restaurants in their country.短文改錯(cuò)1.【2012全國(guó)新課標(biāo)】I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things

37、did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it. No more toys to you." My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that

38、with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.2.【2012陜西卷】My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfor

39、tably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.It is suc

40、h great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.3.【2012浙江卷】Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I did no

41、t tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thin

42、g to do.形容詞副詞答案真題演練1. interested interesting 2. little less 3. comfortably comfortable 4. happily happy5. taste tasty6. wonderfully wonderful7. really real8. immediate immediately9. seriously serious10. Much Many11. terribleterribly12. many much13. easy easily14. better best15. well good16. Interest

43、ing Interestingly17. much well 18. difficulty -difficult19.speciallyspecial 20.better-more21. steadysteadily 22.freelyfree23.worseworst 能力提升1. bad badly 2. hardly hard3. beneficially beneficial4. slow slowly5. rich richer6. Unfortunate Unfortunately7. embarrassing-embarrassed8. much many9. closely c

44、lose10. too either11. happily happy12. farther- further13. more 刪掉14. fewer less15. such so16. cheap -cheaper17. opening open 18. faster fast19. deep deeply20. missed missing21. little low22. small smaller23. living live 24. worthy worth25. silence silent26. possible likely27. totally total28. widel

45、y wide29. mostly most30. specially -especially 語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)九1 it  2 was given  3 ages  4 no  5 how  6 a  7 than  8 especially 9 with  10 more語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)十 1 depends  2 which  3 the  4 less

46、0; 5 It  6 should  7 strength  8 to9 neither  10 suggested語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)十一1 the  2 whether/if  3 at  4 sat  5 them  6 though/although  7 matter/trouble 8 could/should  9 for  10 her語(yǔ)法

47、填空練習(xí)十二1 a  2 after  3 dont  4 why  5 spend  6 where/and  7 nutritious 8 everyone/everybody  9 against  10 opening1.【答案】little-less【解析】根據(jù)文意：我不得不多一些耐心而少一些挑釁性。此處less修飾形容詞?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查副詞的用法。2.【答案】toytoys【解析】根據(jù)each of 可知，應(yīng)該是

48、我的玩具中的每一個(gè)，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式toys?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.【答案】didwent或者did 后加go【解析】考查短語(yǔ)go wrong意為：出錯(cuò)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查固定短語(yǔ)的表達(dá)法。4.【答案】itthem【解析】此處前文指toys，所以后用them?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查代詞指代一致。5.【答案】在parents前加my parents bought me new toys.此處my和me對(duì)應(yīng)?！窘馕觥坑⒄Z(yǔ)中需前后一致，my6.【答案】which-what【解析】此處what作賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，句意：看所發(fā)生是一切。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查名詞性從句的連接詞。7.【答案】tear-tore

49、【解析】通過觀察整個(gè)文章的時(shí)態(tài)以及my fifth birthday可知，此處用一般過去時(shí)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。8.【答案】to-for【解析】此處意為：不再給你買玩具了。Toys for sb意為：給某人的玩具。9.【答案】mustcould/might【解析】根據(jù)文意：擁有更多的耐心，我就能使玩具使用的更久。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)。10.【答案】去掉last前的to【解析】解題關(guān)鍵：make sb/sth do，此處make作“使”解，其后接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.時(shí)態(tài)：visitvisited前后時(shí)態(tài)一致。  &#

50、160; 2.連詞誤用：butand/so.這里是順承而不是轉(zhuǎn)折。    3.go to anywherego anywhere副詞前不用介詞。    4.副詞誤用:comfortablycomfortable這里是形容詞修飾名詞而不用副詞。    5.主謂一致：werewas從句做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。    6.固定搭配：shared for shared with 誤用搭配    7

51、.非謂語(yǔ)：takingtaken這里需要過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，照片和照是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。    8.名詞復(fù)數(shù)：dishdishes 可數(shù)名詞被several修飾用復(fù)數(shù)。    9.such 后加 a ,hotel是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。    10.memine雙重所屬格的誤用。難點(diǎn)為：第8、10兩道小題。  Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. U

52、nfortunate, I had an                       ago                       &

53、#160;                                          Unfortunately accident and hit another car,

54、 and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. I                                       &

55、#160;                                                 &

56、#160;                                 weekscalled my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be                             but