定語從句講解與專項(xiàng)練習(xí)2

1、 定語從句定語從句概念概念 在復(fù)合句中，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句；被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞；定語從句必須放在先行詞之后；引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)聯(lián)詞（關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞）。如：關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞 常見的關(guān)聯(lián)詞： 關(guān)系代詞：that，which，who， whom，whose 關(guān)系副詞：where，when，why等。 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。試一試試一試將下列句子合并為一句1.Xiao Wang has found the key. I lost the key yesterday. Xiao Wang has found the

2、 key which/that I lost yesterday . 2.Where is the beautiful picture? You bought it last Sunday.Where is the beautiful picture which/that you bought last Sunday.3.The bridge has been rebuilt now. It was built in 1956.The bridge that/which was built in 1956 has been rebuilt now. 4.The building is on t

3、he other end of the street. She is looking for the building.The building that/which she is looking for is on the other end of the street.練一練 1.The book_ I bought yesterday is lost. A. that B. whose C. who D. whom2. The river _ is in front of my village is quite clean. A. who B. what C. / D. that3. M

4、ount Wuyi _ lies in the north of Fujian is famous for its mountains.A. which B. what C. who D. whose4. This is the book_ I want very much.B. who B. this C. it D. that5. China is a great country _ has about 5,000 years of history.A. that B. who C. or D. whereADADA考一考考一考標(biāo)出下列句中的定語從句，并將句子譯為漢語標(biāo)出下列句中的定語從句

5、，并將句子譯為漢語1.Bring me the magazine which lies on the shelf in the living room.把客廳里書架上的那本雜志給我拿來。2.There are some desks and chairs in the meeting room.Which need repairing.會議室里有一些需要修理的桌椅。3.The rubbish which Wang Dong has collected must be burnt.王東收集的垃圾必須燒掉。注意：關(guān)系詞只能用 that 的情況：a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞

6、、先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時(shí)，只能用基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時(shí)，只能用 that，而不用，而不用 which。例如：例如： He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。一個(gè)通過考試的人。b. 被修飾的先行詞為被修飾的先行詞為 all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one 等不定代詞等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用時(shí)，只能用 that，而不用，而不用 which。例如：。例如： Is there anything th

7、at you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？c. 先行詞被先行詞被 the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用 that，而不用，而不用 which。例如：例如： This is the same bike that I lost. 這就是我丟的那輛自行這就是我丟的那輛自行車。車。注意繼續(xù)d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用 that， 而不用而不用 which。例如：。例如： I can

8、 remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。e. 以以 who 或或 which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只 能用能用 that。例如：。例如： Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰？誰？ f. 主句是主句是 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用 that，而不用而不用

9、which。例如：。例如： There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌桌子上那本書是湯姆的。子上那本書是湯姆的。注意（二）：關(guān)系詞只能用 which，而不用 that 的情況： a. 先行詞為先行詞為 that， those 時(shí)，用時(shí)，用 which， 而不用而不用 that。例如：。例如：Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？底下的那些東西是什么？b. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用 which，而不用，而不用 that。例如：。例如：This

10、is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住這是他居住的房間。的房間。c. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用 which， 而不用而不用 that。例如：。例如： Tom came back，which made us happy. 湯姆湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興回來了，這使我們很高興 關(guān)于非限制性定語從句的分類定語從句的分類 根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。(非限制

11、性定語從句高中學(xué)，初中不作要求)which/that(which/that)(who/that) (1)These are the treeswere plantedlast year. (2)The carhe is using ismade in China.(3)Is this the manyou met yesterday?(4)Is this the musicianyou like best?(that/ who)鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)：填入關(guān)系代詞：填入關(guān)系代詞that, which ,who 1.The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy

12、 who/that is smiling is Tom. The girlthat/who has a round face is Kate. 2.The girl is Kate . She has a round face. 3.He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man who/that I told you about. 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)：以劃線的句子為定語組成一個(gè)定語從句：以劃線的句子為定語組成一個(gè)定語從句 4.The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who/that) ev

13、eryone likes is kind. The woman (whom/that) we saw on the street got the job. 5.The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.小測：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：小測：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：1.Last night I saw a very good film, _ was about the youth.2.I like places _ it is quiet.3.My birthday is a time _ I get lots of presents.4.The me

14、eting was put off, _ was exactly what we wanted.5.The student _ you want to see has come.6.The girl _ father is a martyr studies very hard.whichwherewhenwhichwho/whomwhose難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)(1)：區(qū)分：區(qū)分who, whom, whose 1. The man _ talked to you just now is a worker. 2. The foreigner _ visited our class yesterday is

15、from Canada.3. I saw some trees _leaves were black.4. A nurse is a person _ job is to take care of the patient in the hospital.5. Id like to see the boy _ you talked about .6. The girl _ we saw yesterday is Johns sister.whowhowhosewhosewhomwhom難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)(2):關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語賓語時(shí)時(shí) 可可省略省略，作主語則不可。，作主語則

16、不可。1. Did you read the book _ I lend to you ? A. whose B. / C. who D. what2. Did you read the book _was popular at the moment. A. that B. / C. who D. what BA難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)(3):介詞前置介詞前置： 1、介詞前置時(shí)不可用、介詞前置時(shí)不可用that 代替。代替。 2、詞組不可前置、詞組不可前置1. This is the dictionary _ I paid ten dollars.A. which B. / C. who D. for whic

17、h2. I saw a women _ I talked yesterday.A. who B. whom C. to whom D. whose3. This is the farm _ I once worked .A. in which B. on which C. at which D. which 4.Is this book _you are _?A. for which, looking B. for that , looking C. which , looking for D. which ,looking DCBC難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)(4):特殊情況特殊情況1. Tom told hi

18、s father everything_ had happened. A. that B. which C. D. what 2. Finally ,the thief handed all money _ he had stolen to the police .A. which B. whose C. that D. what 3. This is the last time _ Ill teach you .A. which B. that C. when D. on which 4. The film I saw a few days ago is the best one _ Ill

19、 ever seen .A. which B. what C. that D. on which ACBC5. There is a book _you have read .A. that B. which C. what D. who6. It is a book _is very interesting.A. who B. which C. / D. that7. Who is the girl _ is singing at the party.A. who B. whom C. that D. which8. They visited the workers and factorie

20、s _ they had known about .A. which B. who C. whom D. that ADCD難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)(5): 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where、when和和why做地點(diǎn)狀語、做地點(diǎn)狀語、 時(shí)間狀語和原因狀語并可與介詞時(shí)間狀語和原因狀語并可與介詞+which 轉(zhuǎn)換。轉(zhuǎn)換。1.We will never forget the hard time _ we worked on the farm.A. who B when C where D why 2.We have just flown over the mountain _ we planted many trees

21、last year. A. who B when C where D why 3. Leave your shoes _they are. A. when B. where C. why D. what 4. The reason _ she didnt come to the party is her bad cough. A. who B. when C. where D whyC CBD定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題初中中考銜接1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 4. Were talk