英語(yǔ)：5-1_Great_Scientists復(fù)習(xí)課件_(新人教版必修5)

1、 (2009年四川卷) 假設(shè)你是李華。你的外國(guó)筆友Jane打算于七月來(lái)中國(guó)，特來(lái)信了解中國(guó)人的社交習(xí)俗。 請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)回一封信，從以下幾個(gè)方面作具體介紹。 1.見(jiàn)面時(shí)的問(wèn)候方式； 2.對(duì)贊美的回答方式； 3.接收禮物時(shí)的回應(yīng)方式； 4.餐宴禮節(jié)。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)束語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好 (不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))； 2.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。 Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July._ I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful a

2、nd wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July.The following are some Chinese customs. Firstly，we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you busy？” to express our care.Seco

3、ndly，when praised，we reply with “Oh，no！” or “Im overpraised” to show good manners.Next，when receiving a gift，we usually say “Its unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away.Finally，at dinner parties，we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someones health or succes

4、s to show that were warm. Anyhow，different cultures，different customs.If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，youll enjoy more of your stay here. I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua .重要單詞聚焦 1adj.科學(xué)的 2 vt.& vi. 結(jié)束；推斷出 3 n. 結(jié)束；結(jié)論 4 vt. 分

5、析 5 vt. 打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 n. 失敗scientificconcludeconclusionanalysedefeat 6 adj. 熟練的；經(jīng)驗(yàn)或知識(shí)豐富的 n. 專家；行家 7 vt. 照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加 8n. 醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師 9 vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 10n. 治愈；痊愈 11 n. & vt. 挑戰(zhàn)，向挑戰(zhàn) 12 vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心 13 vt. 懷疑 n. 被懷疑者expertattendphysicianexposecurechallengeabsorbsuspect 14 vt. 預(yù)見(jiàn)；預(yù)知 15 vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé) n. 過(guò)失；責(zé)備 16 vt.

6、污染；弄臟 17 n. 柄；把手 vt. 處理；操縱 18 vt.& n. 連接；聯(lián)系 19 vt. 宣布；通告 20vt. 命令；指示；教導(dǎo) 21n. 建設(shè)；建筑物foreseeblamepollutehandlelinkannounceinstructconstruction 22 vt.& vi. 捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助 23 adj. 積極的；肯定的；確實(shí)的 24 adj. 熱情的；熱心的 25 adj. 小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的 26 vt. 拒絕，不接受；拋棄contributepositiveenthusiasticcautiousreject .重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)掃描 1put 提出 2.to 使顯露；

7、暴露 3apart 除之外；此外 4make 講得通；有意義 5draw a 得出結(jié)論 6link. 將和聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái) 7be with. 對(duì)嚴(yán)格的 8make for 為騰地方 9be to 應(yīng)受譴責(zé)，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任forwardexposefromsenseconclusiontostrictroomblame 10be 違背，反對(duì) 11point of 態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，看法 12slow 減速 13lead 通向，導(dǎo)致 14look 調(diào)查againstviewdowntointo .課文原句突破 1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 信息

8、提取neither.nor.既不，也不，連接句中兩個(gè)相同成分。 例句仿寫(xiě)我既不想知道，也不關(guān)心。 Neither do I want to know it，_ _ _ _ _ _. 【答案】nor do I care about it 2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 信息提取every (each，any，next，first，last)time作連詞使用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 例句仿寫(xiě)杰克每次來(lái)城里都會(huì)來(lái)看望我。 Jack _ _ _ _ _ _ _he comes to

9、 town. 【答案】will drop in on me every time 3The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. 信息提取suggest vt.暗示，表明了。 例句仿寫(xiě)他臉上的表情說(shuō)明他非常高興。 The look on his face _ _ _ _. 【答案】suggested that he was happy 4Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 信息提取o

10、nly介詞短語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句/副詞放在句首時(shí)后面 (主)句用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 例句仿寫(xiě)我只有找到工作才能弄到足夠的錢繼續(xù)大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _to continue my studies at college. 【答案】Only if I get a job can I have enough money conclude vt.& vi. (1)斷定，推斷 These are facts；what do you conclude from them? 這些都是事實(shí)，你能從中得出什么結(jié)論？ After waiting for half an hour，I conclud

11、ed that he wouldnt come at all.等了半個(gè)小時(shí)后，我斷定他不會(huì)來(lái)了。 (2)使結(jié)束，終止 Let me conclude my speech with a saying：Where there is a will，there is a way. 讓我用一句諺語(yǔ)結(jié)束我的演講：有志者，事竟成。 conclusion n結(jié)束，結(jié)論 in conclusion最后，總之 arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論 come to the conclusion that.所得結(jié)論是 I came to the conclusio

12、n that he was lying. 我看他是在說(shuō)謊。 1Ann seems to be upset.Whats up? She_from the voice on the line that her mother is not satisfied with her test scores. AincludesBconcludes Csuggests Dcontains 【解析】下句意為：她根據(jù)電話中的聲音判定母親對(duì)她的考試成績(jī)不滿意。 【答案】B defeat (1)vt.打?。粦?zhàn)勝；使受挫 Zhang Yining defeated Li Jiawei with difficulty

13、in the 29th Olympics.張怡寧在第29屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上艱難地戰(zhàn)勝了李佳薇。 The problem has defeated me and I cant solve it. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題把我難住了，我無(wú)法解決它。 Lack of money defeated my plan.缺錢使我的計(jì)劃落空。 (2)n.失敗，擊敗，挫折 Our baseball team has suffered another defeat. 我們的棒球隊(duì)再次失敗。 辨析：win，beat與defeat (1)win的意思是“贏”“獲勝”“得到成功”，在作為及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它的賓語(yǔ)往往是獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、名譽(yù)、財(cái)產(chǎn)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

14、或運(yùn)動(dòng)等。win后不能接人 (對(duì)手)，如不說(shuō)win sb.。 win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward 贏得了比賽/戰(zhàn)斗/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/獎(jiǎng)品/比賽/獎(jiǎng)牌/成功/友誼/獎(jiǎng)賞 Our team won the game by 8 to 7. 我們隊(duì)以8比7贏了那場(chǎng)比賽。 (2)beat譯成漢語(yǔ)也有“贏”“取勝”“戰(zhàn)勝”之意。但跟win的用法不同，這個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面跟的是比賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的對(duì)手或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的敵人。但beat還有連續(xù)敲打， (心臟)跳動(dòng)之意。 You beat me in the ra

15、ce，but Ill beat you at tennis. 賽跑我輸給了你，但打網(wǎng)球我會(huì)贏你。 He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster. 他如此緊張，以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了。 (3)defeat本來(lái)用于描述戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中打敗敵人，現(xiàn)在可與beat換用，以表示擊敗對(duì)手。 He was badly defeated/beaten in the election. 他在選舉中慘敗。 2Deng Yaping_her competitor and got the first place in the game. Awo

16、n Bdefeat Cbeat Dhit 【解析】“擊敗對(duì)手”可用beat或defeat，但由got可知，空白處應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)，若選B，則應(yīng)為defeated。 【答案】C expose vt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面臨 expose sth./sb./oneself (to) 顯露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己 Dont expose your baby to the sun. 不要把你的嬰兒暴露在陽(yáng)光下。 The film has been exposed.這膠卷已經(jīng)曝光了。 We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as pos

17、sible.我們想讓孩子們受到盡可能多的藝術(shù)和文化的熏陶。 Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long.You will get burnt. 別在太陽(yáng)下曬得太久，你會(huì)被曬傷的。 3_the sun for too much time will do great harm to your skin. AExposed to BBeing exposed to CExposing to DTo expose to 【解析】該句意為：“在陽(yáng)光下暴曬很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間有害于皮膚?！贝祟}考查分詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。 【答案】B blame (1)vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把歸咎于

18、She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. 她把婚姻的觸礁歸咎于他。 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克的粗心駕駛。 Who is to blame for the accident? 誰(shuí)該為這次事故負(fù)責(zé)任。 The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. 這位司機(jī)不應(yīng)承擔(dān)交通事故。 (2)n.責(zé)備，責(zé)難 You must bear the blame fo

19、r the accident. 你必須承擔(dān)這次事故的責(zé)任。 4. (2006年安徽卷)Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one _. Ablamed Bblaming Cto blame Dto be blamed 【解析】he was not the one to blame意為“他不是那個(gè)應(yīng)該受責(zé)備的人”。 【答案】C 5(2006年福建卷)_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low

20、 spirits. ABlaming BBlamed CTo blame DTo be blamed 【解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：Alice因?yàn)殡娔X網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障被責(zé)備，情緒很低落。非謂語(yǔ)形式用做原因狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者，故用過(guò)去分詞blame。D項(xiàng)to be blamed有將要的意味。 【答案】B 6Dont always_your own failure_others.Sometimes you yourself_. Ablame；on；are to be blamed Bblame；for；are to blame Cblame；on；are to blame Dblam

21、e；for；are to be blamed 【解析】句意為：不要總把失敗歸咎于他人。有時(shí)該責(zé)怪你自己。blame sth.on sb.把歸咎于某人；be to blame該受責(zé)備，要用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)意義。 【答案】C 7Shell_the blame_us if it turns out badly. Alay；for Bput；on Cbear；for Dget；on 【解析】bear the blame for對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)。 【答案】C absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心；并入，并吞 I was so absorbed in this book that I didnt hear you c

22、ome in. 我正入神地看這本書(shū)，連你進(jìn)來(lái)也沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。 Absorbed in his work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep. 湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺(jué)。 The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.這家大公司漸漸把這些小公司吞并了。 8_in her new novel，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study

23、. AHaving deeply absorbed BDeeply absorbing CDeeply having been absorbed DDeeply absorbed 【解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。短語(yǔ)be absorbed in的意思為“專心于”。 【答案】D 9It is very quiet in the classroom.The students are all _reading books. Aabsorbed Babsorbed in Cabsorbing in Dabsorb 【解析】本題意為：教室里很安靜，學(xué)生們?cè)谌娜庾x書(shū)。be absorbed in d

24、oing sth.專心做某事。 【答案】B 10So absorbed in the detective story_that he didnt notice his father speaking to him. Ahe was Bwas he Cdid he Dhe did 【解析】首先根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)用法be absorbed in判斷，排除C、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，再根據(jù)so在倒裝句中的用法選擇B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B contribute vt.& vi.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助 All the people in our school contributed something to the disaster a

25、reas in Sichuan. 我們學(xué)校所有的人都向四川災(zāi)區(qū)捐獻(xiàn)了東西。 He contributed some articles to the newspaper. 他給報(bào)社投了幾篇稿。 A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health. 適度運(yùn)動(dòng)有益于健康。 make great contributions to 對(duì)有貢獻(xiàn) He has made great contributions to a space development program.他對(duì)太空發(fā)展計(jì)劃有很大貢獻(xiàn)。 Many people contributed mo

26、ney to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper. 許多人給這個(gè)可憐的小男孩捐錢，這使他重新回到了校園。一位作家寫(xiě)了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章并把它投到了報(bào)社。 11To be honest，my carelessness_a lot to my failure. Acontributed Bdonated Cprovided Doffered 【解析】句意為：說(shuō)實(shí)話，我的失敗主要是因?yàn)槲业拇?/p>

27、心大意。contribute to導(dǎo)致。donate捐獻(xiàn)；provide提供；offer(主動(dòng))提供。 【答案】A attend vt.& vi. (1)出席，參加 attend a meeting/a lecture/school參加會(huì)議/聽(tīng)報(bào)告/上學(xué) The manager failed to attend the meeting because of on business. 經(jīng)理因出差未能出席這次會(huì)議。 (2)照顧，護(hù)理 attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顧某人 Jane has attended on her sick mother of years. 簡(jiǎn)多年來(lái)一直照顧

28、她有病的母親。 (3)attend to 處理，注意，專心于，照料 Excuse me，but I have an urgent matter to attend to. 對(duì)不起，我有件急事要辦。 You must attend to your work.你必須專心于你的工作。 12I always have so many things to_when I come back to the company after a trip abroad. Aadd toBcontribute to Cattend to Dappeal to 【解析】句意為：當(dāng)我每次出國(guó)回到公司時(shí)，我總有很多事要處理

29、。attend to處理。A項(xiàng)，“增加”；B項(xiàng)，“起作用，導(dǎo)致”；D項(xiàng)，“懇求，請(qǐng)求；吸引”，這三項(xiàng)都不符合句意。 【答案】C 13The Browns sent lots of invitations for their party.But because of the improper time，few people_it. Aattended Baccepted Creceived Dtook part in 【解析】橫線后面的it起著關(guān)鍵性的作用，它代替的應(yīng)該是party，而不能是復(fù)數(shù)名詞invitations，所以使用attend，表示“參加宴會(huì)”。 【答案】A put forwar

30、d提出，建議；推薦；將提前 She put forward some good proposals for educational reform. 她為教育改革提出了一些很好的建議。 Her name was put forward as the best for the job. 她被推薦為這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。 Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.把表?yè)芸?分鐘。 (1)come up with 提出，想出 He came up with a good idea at the meeting. 在會(huì)議上他提出一個(gè)好主意。 (2)come up被提出 The

31、question came up at the meeting. 那個(gè)問(wèn)題在會(huì)議上被提出。 14No one has_anything better than the plan now under consideration. Aput forward Bcome up Cput toward Dcome up to 【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。put forward a plan意為“提出計(jì)劃”。come up with可表示“提出”，故可排除B、D項(xiàng)。 【答案】A 15Considering your salary，you should be able to_at least twent

32、y dollars a week. Aput forward Bput up Cput out Dput aside 【解析】句意為“就你的工資而言，每周你應(yīng)至少存20美元”。put forward提出；put up張貼；put out撲滅；put aside儲(chǔ)存。 【答案】D Neither its cause，nor its cure was understood. 人們既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治療方法。 neither.nor.既不，也不，連接句中兩個(gè)相同成分。 Neither my father nor I was there. 我父親和我都不在那里。 He neither dri

33、nks，smokes，nor eats meat. 他不喝酒、不抽煙，也不吃肉。 Neither do I want to know it，nor do I care about it. 我既不想知道，也不關(guān)心。 16(2008年遼寧卷)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and_. AI was neither Bneither was I CI was either Deither was I 【解析】句意為：比爾對(duì)Jason做報(bào)告推遲這件事表示不高興，我也不高興。根據(jù)題意可知，我也不 (高興)，neither/n

34、or系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞sb.表示某人也不 (同意或贊成上文的觀點(diǎn))，易把either看做neither，無(wú)either was I句式，故選B。 【答案】B 17(2007年全國(guó)卷)If Joes wife wont go to the party，_. Ahe will either Bneither will he Che neither will Deither he will 【解析】考查固定句型。句意為：如果Joe的妻子不參加晚會(huì)，他也不參加?！皀either系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”表示“某人/物也不”。either置于句末，也可表示“也”的意思，但它須與否定句連用。 【

35、答案】B 18(2007年遼寧卷)I have been living in the United States for twenty years，but seldom_so lonely as now. Ahave I felt BI had felt CI have felt Dhad I felt 【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和倒裝的用法。否定副詞seldom提前引導(dǎo)句子的倒裝。 【答案】A 19(2007年上海卷)How was the televised debate last night? Super！Rarely_so much media attention. Aa debate at

36、tracted Bdid a debate attract Ca debate attract Dattracted a debate 【解析】rarely，seldom，never等否定副詞位于句首時(shí)用部分倒裝，即把助動(dòng)詞提前。 【答案】B So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次爆發(fā)霍亂時(shí)，都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。 （1）every time引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于whenever,意 思是“每當(dāng)”。 （2）名詞詞組作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的有：every time

37、,each time,any time,the last time,next time,the first time,the moment,the second,the minute,the hour,the day等。 （3）有些副詞,如directly,instantly,immediately也可引導(dǎo)狀 語(yǔ)從句。 Every time I catch a cold，I have pains in my back. 我每次感冒背就痛。 The first time I climbed onto the wall，I felt very nervous. 我第一次爬到墻上去時(shí)，感到很緊張。

38、She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake. 她一看到蛇就叫了起來(lái)。 I left immediately the clock struck 5.鐘剛敲了五下我就離開(kāi)了。 (1)for the first time是介詞短語(yǔ)，只可作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而the first time是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 (2)It is the first time that.如果前面用is，從句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果用was，則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 (3)Its high/about time that.從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)或should動(dòng)詞原形。 It is the fi

39、rst time that I have been to Beijing. 這是我第一次去北京。 It is high time that we left for Beijing. 該到我們出發(fā)去北京的時(shí)間了。 20(2009年遼寧卷)Its the first time that he has been to Australia，_？ Aisnt he Bhasnt he Cisnt it Dhasnt it 【解析】句意為：這是他第一次到澳大利亞，不是嗎？Its the first time that.是固定句型，反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成需依據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)而定。 【答案】C 21(2009年陜

40、西卷)This is the first time we_a film in the cinema together as a family. Asee Bhad seen Csaw Dhave seen 【解析】句意為：這是我們?nèi)业谝淮蔚诫娪霸嚎措娪??！癟his/It is the序數(shù)詞time that 從句”為固定句型，that從句需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 【答案】D 22Dont stop_you meet with a word you dont understand. Aat the time Beach time Cby the time Dsometimes 【解析】考查名詞性詞組用

41、做連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：不要每次遇到不理解的詞就停下來(lái)。有類似用法的還有：next time(下次)，last time(上次)，the moment(一就)等。而A、D兩項(xiàng)不能連接句子，C項(xiàng)意義不對(duì)。 【答案】B 23(2009年云南玉溪模擬)_you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. AAt times BSome time CEvery time DThe time 【解析】句意為：每次你與別人交談或?qū)懶畔?，你都向別人展示你的技能。every time是名詞詞組用做連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀

42、語(yǔ)從句。 【答案】C .單詞拼寫(xiě) 1We had _(分析) the problem carefully before making the decision. 【答案】analysed 2The police suspect that the two crimes may be_(聯(lián)系) 【答案】linked 3He_(結(jié)束) by wishing everyone a safe trip home. 【答案】concluded 4He was brave enough to_(揭露) this terrible criminal. 【答案】expose 5The government ha

43、s_(宣布) plans to create 10,000 new jobs. 【答案】announced .選詞填空 in addition;put forward;be very strict with;apart from;make sense 1Why did you_such a view at yesterdays meeting? 【答案】put forward 2_the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs. 【答案】Apart from 3The sentence at the end of the passag

44、e doesnt _，so it is better to cut it out. 【答案】make sense 4I have no time to go to the movies.And_，I am not interested in the film. 【答案】in addition 5She_us，and we know it is of great help to us. 【答案】is very strict with .巧思妙解 1Every one of us must know：_we live can we save the earth. Aby changing the

45、way only Bonly by changing the way Cby only changing the way Dby changing only the way 【解析】空格后為倒裝語(yǔ)序，判定選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為only介詞短語(yǔ)。 【答案】B 2_by keeping down costs will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies. AOnlyBJust CStill DYet 【解析】only介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。 【答案】A 3Only then_how much damage had been caused. Ashe realized Bshe had realized Chad she realized Ddid she realize 【解析】only狀語(yǔ)從句放于句首，主句用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 【答案】D 4Only after my friend came_. Adid the computer repair Bhe repaired the computer Cwas the comput