直接引語變間接引語是初級中學(xué)語法賓語從句延續(xù)

1、直接引語和間接引語直接引語變間接引語是初中語法賓語從句的延續(xù)。同時學(xué)好這一語法工程 也有助于高中的名詞性從句語法的學(xué)習(xí)打好根底。I 從句子類型上進(jìn)行分析。1. 直接引語為陳述句。 變成間接引語時， 把陳述句變成由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。She said : “I 'llcome this morning. She said that she would come that morning.2. 直接引語為一般疑問句。變成間接引語時，要把一般疑問句變成由 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，同時將語序變成陳述語序?！癢illyou take care of me?Chuck,

2、Wilson asks if you will take care of him.3. 直接引語為特殊疑問句。變成間接引語時，要把特殊疑問句變成由特殊疑問 詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，同時將語序變成陳述語序。疑問詞在句中作主語或作定語 修飾主語時語序不變?！癢here did you spend your holiday? I asked her.I asked her where she had spent her holidays.4. 直接引語為祈使句。變成間接引語時，要把祈使句的動詞變成帶 to 的不定 式，同時根據(jù)語氣選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語動詞，如 ask, tell, order 等。句型為 ask

3、/tell/order sb to do sth 。主句中假設(shè)有 please 時，最好用 ask 表 示。同時去掉please。否認(rèn)的祈使句，要將do n't或n ever改為 not to, never to5直接引語為選擇疑問句時，要使用 whether 。 or?！癢ill you accept or refuse theoffe r? He wondered whether I would accept orrefuse the offer.6直接引語為感慨句時，可用感慨詞 what 或 how 作引導(dǎo)詞，語序不變；或 者用 that 作引 導(dǎo)詞，句子用陳述語序。What a

4、nHe saidinteresting what anHe saidthat itstory it is! interesting story was an interestingis!he said.it was.story.II 考前須知：7 變化：said to somebody后加直接引語改為 asked somebody iftold人稱代詞：this thatthese those時間狀語：now thenago beforesomebody thatl-He she me him, her,today that dayyesterday theday beforelastweek

5、 (mon th, year)the week(m on th, year) tomorrow the n ext daybeforen extweek( mon th, year) the next(month, year)week 地點(diǎn)狀語:here-there 動詞的變化:come gobring-take 時態(tài)變化：do does didDid had doneHave done had doneIs doing was doing ©Had done had doneWilldowould do8. 直接引語如果是客觀真理，名人名言或諺語或當(dāng)時當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述時，變間接引 語時，時

6、態(tài)不變。He said,“Where there is a will, there is a way.He said that where there is a will, there is a way.9. 直接引語中如有明確的過去時間狀語，那么變間接引語時時態(tài)不變。Jack said, “I was born in 1990. Jack said that hewas born in 1990.10. 主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。Mary says,“Tom is a good boy. Mary says that Tomis a good boy.11. 直接引

7、語有以when, while引導(dǎo)的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變間接引語時狀語從句中的一般過去時不變，但主句的謂動那么要改為過去完成時。She said, “Jacktoldmeall about hispastwhe nhe was questioned. She said thatJackhadtold him abouthispastwhen he was questi on ed.12 有些情態(tài)動詞，如must，need, ought to等,無過去形式，變間接引語時，既可用原來 的形式，也可用其它的表示法，但要注意保存原來的意義。“Allmen must die, he said.-H

8、e said that all menmust die“I must go early, he said. He said that he hadto go early.III. 小試牛刀把以下句子變成間接引語：1. John said to Tom, “Come to my house tomorrow. 2. “ Willyou come to the lecture thisafter noon? Sara asked Yang Mei3. “I watched a veryinterestingTV program yesterday. hesaid to us.4 .“ How ol

9、d is your brother this year? Charlie ' sfriend asked him.5. He said to the boy, “Don t do that again.6. He said, “I will come here nextmonth.7. Hanks said, “I finished my work last week.8. “My brotherbegan learningEnglish two years ago. Tomsaid.9. “Where have you been all these years? he asked m

10、e.10. “ Have you seen the movie?he asked Chuck.11. He asked,“Who can answer the question?12. He asked,“What's the matter with you?I請選出正確的答案：1. “ You ' ve already got well, haven' t you? she asked.t She asked.A. if I have already got well, hadn' t youB. whether I had already got wellC

11、. have I already got wellD. had I already got well.2. He asked ,“ Are you a Party member or a League member?t He asked me.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member

12、.3. He asked,“ How are you getting along?t He asked.A. how am I gett ing alongB. how are you gett ing alongC. how I was getti ng alongD. how was I getti ng along4. He asked mewith me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. what ' s the matter D. what was the matter5. He said,“ Don ' t

13、do that again. Hemethat again.A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don' t doC. told m e; don ' t do D. told me; not to do6. Can you make sure?A. that he will come here todayC. will he come here today7. Do you happe n to know?A. where is her addressC. what her address is8. Excuse me, but c

14、an you tell meA. where can I get to the libraryC. how can I get to the library9. Joh n asked meto visit hisA. how would I likeC. whether I would like10. I 'dike to kn owCh in ese.A. whe n he bega n to lear nC. whe n did he begi n lear ning11. 將以下句子變?yōu)殚g接引語：1. “ Youshould be more careful nextB. whe

15、 n he will come here today D. whether will he come here todayB. in which place is her addressD. the place her address is ?B. where I can get to the library D. how I can get to the library uncle ' farm with him.B. if or not would I likeD. which I would likeB. whe n did he beg in to lear nD. for h

16、ow long he bega n to lear ntime, "his father said to him.childre n2. Mr. Wang said,willeave for Shan ghai on bus in ess n ext month.days, "said Mary.3. "lhaven ' heard from my parents these4. The geography teacher said to us,“ Themoon moves around the earth and the earth goes roun

17、d the sun. 5. She said to him, " It time that you left here."6. Zhang Hong said to me,“ Doctor Wang passed away in 1948."7. Joh n said to his pare nts,"lhad lear ned 500 Chin ese words by the end oflast term."8. The history teacher said to them," TheChinese Communist Pa

18、rty was founded on July 1st ,1921."9. He said, " Areyou a student? "10. " Have you anything in teresti ng I can read,George? " she said.11. " She 'here to ask for help, isn ' ste ? "he asked.12. " Where are you going? "the father asked his son.13.

19、 " Areyou sorry for what you havedone?"the mother asked the n aughty boy.14. She said, " Didyou meet this man at the station two hours ago, Mr.Li?15. " Write your names on your papersfirst, the teacher said to us.16. " Please come here againtomorrow, " her friend said t

20、o her.17. " Letme pack the parcel for you, " he said.18. " Don ' make so much noise in class, boys andgirls, said the teacher.19. " What a lovely day it is!"20. " Happy New Year to you! " he said.III. 把以下句子變?yōu)橹苯右Z：1. I told him that I had lost my money and that

21、I would find it.2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.3.1 asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the n ext day.4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.5. The stra nger asked me what my n ame was.6. She said that she would finish her w

22、ork the n ext day.7. The teacher asked if we could do it.8. The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn.9. My teacher asked whether he was coming.4.Tellhimthewin dow.A.to shut notB.notD.notshut5.HeaskedmetherailwayA.how he could gettoC.wherehe couldgetto6.Hewan tedto knowA.whatw

23、as hern ameC.whatt hername was7.They haveno ideaatallnot toto shutC.tonotshutstatio n.B. how couldhegettoD. where couldheget toB. how was her name D. how her name was10. The scie ntist asked me what I was doing.IV.4單項(xiàng)選擇練習(xí)1.Hesaidthetrainwhen hereached there,so hehadtowaitforthe n ext.A.leftB. hadlef

24、tC. was leavingD.hasleft2.HeaskedmeIcouldpick him upA.if;tomorrowB.that;tomorrowC.that;n extD.if;thenextday3.Theboywan ted toridehisbicycle in thestreet,buthis mothertold himA.nottoB. n ot todoC. n ot do itD.doA.C.8. Hewhere which toldhe has gone place has he me to make siB.gonejrewhere did he goD.

25、where has he gonethemeeti ng.A.whe nand where wewouldhaveB.whenand where&nbs答案I. 15 B C C D D 610 A C D C AII.1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.2. Mr. Wang told the childre n that he would leave for Shan ghai on bus in ess th e n ext mon th.3. Mary said that she

26、hadn ' teard from her parents those days.4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and t he earth goes round the sun.5. She told him that it was time that he left there.6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.7. Joh n told his pare nts that he had l

27、ear ned 500 Chin ese words by the end of l ast term.8. The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was found ed on July 1st, 1929. He asked whether I was a stude nt.10. She asked George if he had anything in terest ing she could read.11. He asked whether she was there to ask for h

28、elp or not.12. The father asked his son where he was going.13. The mother asked the n aughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done.14. She asked Mr. Li whether he had met that man at the stati on two hours before.15. The teacher told us to write our n ames on our papers first.16. Her friend asked

29、 her to go there aga in the n ext/ follow ing day.17. He offered to pack the parcel for me.18. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much no ise in class.19. He/ She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day.20. He wished me a Happy New Year.III.1.1 said to him,2. She asked ,3. I asked her,Ihave lost my money . I will findit.'You will be free tomorrow,won 'tyou? “ Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow?4. His f