(高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)市級(jí)公開(kāi)課)現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞區(qū)別

1、 -by Xu Wen yanSuzhou No.5 High School By the end of this lesson, we should be able to have a good command of the difference between present participle and past participle how to solve non-predicate problems1.老師進(jìn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)室，后面跟著一些學(xué)生。老師進(jìn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)室，后面跟著一些學(xué)生。 (伴隨狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ))A. The teacher entered the lab, following some

2、 students.(楊同學(xué)）楊同學(xué)）B. The teacher coming into the lab, a group of students followed. (施同學(xué)）施同學(xué)）2.盡管受到了父母的鼓勵(lì)，他仍然沒(méi)有信心克服盡管受到了父母的鼓勵(lì)，他仍然沒(méi)有信心克服 困難。（省略困難。（省略although, though，讓步狀語(yǔ)），讓步狀語(yǔ)） Get the encouragement from parents, he still have no confidence to overcome the difficulties. (湯同學(xué)）湯同學(xué)）B. He has no confid

3、ence to solve problems, been encouraged by parents.(楊同學(xué)）楊同學(xué)）3.他們切斷了電源，及時(shí)阻止了一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)。他們切斷了電源，及時(shí)阻止了一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)。（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)） They cut off electricity to stop a fire in time.(秦同學(xué)）秦同學(xué)）非謂語(yǔ)Infinitive 不定式不定式 (to) do Participle分詞分詞Gerund 動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)名詞（-ing)a swimming pool過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(-ed)Past particle現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)Present partic

4、iplea swimming boy非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分類(lèi)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能不不定定式式主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)賓賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)定定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)動(dòng)名名詞詞主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)表表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)定定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)分分詞詞表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)1、作定語(yǔ)時(shí)、作定語(yǔ)時(shí)單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般前置（位于被修單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般前置（位于被修飾的詞之前），分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后置。飾的詞之前），分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后置。Do you know the crying boy?We are trying our best

5、 to catch up with the developed country.Do you know the boy crying under the tree?The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.1、作定語(yǔ)時(shí)、作定語(yǔ)時(shí) The meeting is very important.2.Tell the children not to make so much noise.被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系Whats the difference between -ing and ed form used as an attri

6、bute? 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生或與謂或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)（或基本同時(shí)）發(fā)生，與所語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)（或基本同時(shí)）發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是修飾的詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表完成或被動(dòng)完成或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，與所修飾的詞是的動(dòng)作，與所修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或動(dòng)被動(dòng)關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系賓關(guān)系；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)只表完成不表被動(dòng)只表完成不表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。a retired worker 退休工人退休工人 There is a note pinned to the door_ when t

7、he shop will open again. (2014山東，山東，6） A. saying B. says C. said D. having said2. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ to guard her.（2014浙江，浙江，14） A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed2、作表語(yǔ)時(shí)（跟在系動(dòng)詞后）、作表語(yǔ)時(shí)（跟在系動(dòng)詞后）現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞多表示主語(yǔ)所具有的分詞多表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特

8、征特征或或?qū)傩詫傩?；過(guò)去過(guò)去分分詞多表示主語(yǔ)所處的詞多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。現(xiàn)在分詞表示?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示“令人令人的的”，過(guò)去分詞表示，過(guò)去分詞表示“感到感到”. .常見(jiàn)的分詞有：常見(jiàn)的分詞有：amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bored / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, tired / tiring, surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying, amused / amusing1.

9、The news was_. (excite)2. He appeared _with my answer. (satisfy)3. From his _ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way. (satisfy)excitingsatisfiedsatisfiedIn April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(2010福建，福建，34）Asticking BstuckCto be stuck Dto

10、have stuck 3、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)取決于分詞與賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：取決于分詞與賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：主動(dòng)主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用doing被動(dòng)被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用done。 例如例如1.I found them painting the windows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系（現(xiàn)在分詞表（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）（過(guò)去分詞表（過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)、完成被動(dòng)、完成）1. The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort. （2

11、014四川四川5) A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop2. I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. (2012四四川川,8) Ato wind Bwind Cwinding Dwound 4、作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)、作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.Seeing nobody at home , he left.被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系

12、分詞的選取分詞的選?。喝Q于分詞與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：取決于分詞與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：主動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用，用 doing 被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用，用 done1. Anyone , once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive medical treatment from our government. (2013福建，福建，32） A. to be tested B. being tested C .tested D. to test2. _ an important decision more on emotion than on reason

13、, you will regret it sooner or later. (2012 江蘇江蘇,31)A. Base B. Based C. Basing D. To base 1._ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks .(2014 廣東廣東)A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 注意1).現(xiàn)在分詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式一般式與與完成式完成式：一般式一般式：doing 表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作

14、與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。完成式完成式：having done 表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作有著先后順序表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作有著先后順序 。 _nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel. (2014江西，江西，31） Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent 練習(xí)練習(xí)1.Watching television ,_ .(05 全國(guó)全國(guó)) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C

15、. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings2).分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則：分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則： 分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)， 分詞的分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一保持一致致。當(dāng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須加上其。當(dāng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須加上其自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)成為自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)成為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 The lecture _, a lively question-and-answer session followed. (2014江蘇，江蘇

16、，29） A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given3）獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ)）獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ)有些分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱(chēng)作獨(dú)立成分或插有些分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱(chēng)作獨(dú)立成分或插入語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：入語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：generally / frankly/ strictly speaking 一般而言一般而言/坦率地說(shuō)坦率地說(shuō)/ 嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)judging from /by 根據(jù)根據(jù)來(lái)判斷來(lái)判斷considering / taking into consideration

17、考慮到考慮到；鑒于；鑒于supposing / providing /provided that 如果如果compared with/to 與與相比相比 例如例如 Judging from his accent ,he is from the south . Considering your health , you d better have a rest .非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟四大步驟二二. 找邏輯主語(yǔ)找邏輯主語(yǔ)三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)四、分析時(shí)態(tài)四、分析時(shí)態(tài)一一. 辨別辨別“謂與非謂謂與非謂” 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)

18、，定時(shí)態(tài)謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)，定時(shí)態(tài) _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldC_A注意連詞注意連詞Attention:3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)tense:1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant. having been built B. to be built C.being