unit 3 new words and expressions

1、Words and expressionsUnit 3 A healthy life1. Do you think smoking should be banned? ban (banned, banned) vt. 禁止禁止, 取締取締 ban sb. from sth./doing sth. 明令禁止明令禁止sb. 做做sth.Swimming is banned in this lake. 這個湖里不準(zhǔn)游泳。這個湖里不準(zhǔn)游泳。 We have put a ban on smoking. n. 禁止禁止; 禁令禁令C(+on/against)我們已禁止吸煙。我們已禁止吸煙。辨析辨析: ba

2、n/forbid/prohibit禁止禁止 ban由于法律或社會壓力而禁止由于法律或社會壓力而禁止, 有譴責(zé)或有譴責(zé)或不贊成的意味。不贊成的意味。搭配搭配ban sb. from sth./doing sth. forbid較常用較常用, 一般指較小的事情。一般指較小的事情。搭配搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth. prohibit強(qiáng)調(diào)以法律或官方行政手段強(qiáng)調(diào)以法律或官方行政手段, 或規(guī)章或規(guī)章制度的形式加以禁止。制度的形式加以禁止。搭配搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth. Exercises: 1) After

3、 the accident, he was _ from driving alone. 2) Our school _ us to bring cell phone to school. 3) The law _ the tobacco from being sold freely. bannedforbadprohibits2. due to 歸因于歸因于, 歸功于歸功于一般作表語一般作表語e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving. 那意外事故歸因于你駕駛不小心。那意外事故歸因于你駕駛不小心。 be due to do sth定于某時

4、做某事定于某時做某事 e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.可以被可以被caused by 所代替所代替表示因果關(guān)系的詞和短語表示因果關(guān)系的詞和短語because從屬連詞從屬連詞, 接從句接從句, 表示所敘述的表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點理由是本句的重點; assince從屬連詞從屬連詞, 接接從句從句, 表示理由是已知的表示理由是已知的, 而理由以外才是而理由以外才是敘述的重點敘述的重點; for并列連詞并列連詞, 不用于句首不用于句首, 至至于第一分句之后于第一分句之后, 補(bǔ)充說明理由補(bǔ)充說明理由; 第一分第一分句表示推測時句表示推

5、測時, 用用for說明推測的依據(jù)。說明推測的依據(jù)。because of 介詞短語介詞短語, 意思是意思是“因為因為”, 較口語化較口語化owing to 介詞短語介詞短語, 意思是意思是“因為因為”, 較較正式正式thanks to 介詞短語介詞短語, 意思是意思是“因為因為”、“多虧了多虧了” as a result of 介詞短語介詞短語, 意思是意思是“因為因為”as a result 副詞短語副詞短語, 意思是意思是“因此因此”therefore 副詞副詞, 意思是意思是“因此因此”so 并列連詞并列連詞, 意思是意思是“因此因此”with the result that 接從句接從句

6、, 意思是意思是“因因此此”3. addicted adj. “上了癮的上了癮的”, “入了迷入了迷的的” e.g. My children have become hopelessly addicted to television. 我的幾個孩子都成了電視迷我的幾個孩子都成了電視迷,簡直無可救藥了。簡直無可救藥了。構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法addict vt.使上癮使上癮,使沉溺于使沉溺于 n. 有癮的人有癮的人addiction n. 沉湎、成癮沉湎、成癮addicted adj.對對上癮上癮addict常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu):addict oneself to sth.be addicted t

7、o sth.be addicted to doing sth.沉溺于某物沉溺于某物專心做某事專心做某事The parents felt helpless when they found their son had _ love stories for long.A. addicted B. addicted toC. addicted himselfD. been addicted to4. accustom vt. 使習(xí)慣于使習(xí)慣于孩子們很快就會適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。孩子們很快就會適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surrou

8、ndings.我習(xí)慣于長距離步行我習(xí)慣于長距離步行I am accustomed to walking long distances.be/get/become accustomed to +名詞名詞習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)于習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)于你將會習(xí)慣于這個工作你將會習(xí)慣于這個工作。You will soon get accustomed to the job.注意注意:在英語中在英語中, to 有時為動詞不定式符號有時為動詞不定式符號, 后跟動詞后跟動詞原形原形; 有時用作介詞有時用作介詞, 后跟名詞、代詞、或動名后跟名詞、代詞、或動名詞。下面的這些短語中的詞。下面的這些短語中的to 均為介詞。均為介詞。

9、stick to 堅持堅持 lead to 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致, 通向通向pay a visit to 參觀參觀 sentence sb. to 宣判某人宣判某人 come to 談到談到, 涉及涉及 pay attention to 注意注意be up to 總計總計 devoteto 致力于致力于 get down to 開始開始 /著手著手 look forward to 期待期待object to 反對反對 make contributions to 為為作貢獻(xiàn)作貢獻(xiàn)51. 表示表示“摸起來像摸起來像”The elephant _ _ a rope. 大象摸起來像根繩子。大象摸起來像根繩子。fe

10、els like2. 表示表示“像像(是是)”It _ _ rain. feels like3. 表示表示“想吃或喝想吃或喝”Do you _ _ a drink? 你想喝點什么嗎你想喝點什么嗎?feel like4. 表示表示“想做想做” (后接后接doing)I dont _ _ cooking. Lets eat out. 我不想做飯，我們出去吃吧。我不想做飯，我們出去吃吧。feel like6.disappointed adj.失望的；沮喪的失望的；沮喪的搭配:be disappointed in/with sb.with/about (doing) sth.that 從句從句對對.感

11、到失望（灰心）感到失望（灰心）disappoint v.使失望使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望失望appoint vt. 約定；任命；委派約定；任命；委派appointed adj. 指定的；約定的指定的；約定的appointment n. 約會；任命；職務(wù)約會；任命；職務(wù)7. ashamed/ shameful adj. 羞恥羞恥, 慚愧的慚愧的 ashamed 做表語做表語, 表示表示(人人)感到羞恥感到羞恥, 慚愧的慚愧的 shameful 指事情或行為本身可恥指事情或行為本身可恥, 不道德的。不道德的。 用用a

12、shamed或或shameful填空填空 1)The boy was _ to tell his mother that he had failed.2) I was _ of my _ behavior at that time. ashamedashamedshameful be/feel ashamed of sb./ sth 為為感到羞恥感到羞恥 be ashamed that/to do sth.不好意思做不好意思做sth.8. in spite of _ ( _ 詞短語詞短語)盡管盡管介介I went out in spite of the rain. 盡管盡管下雨我仍外出了。下雨

13、我仍外出了。 后接名詞后接名詞 in spite of ; despite; although; though雖然；盡管雖然；盡管介詞介詞連詞連詞單詞短語單詞短語句子句子都有都有“_”的意思，的意思，despite是是 _ 詞，后詞，后接接 _ 詞或詞或 _詞；而詞；而although = _ 是是_ 詞，后接表示讓步的狀語從句。例如：詞，后接表示讓步的狀語從句。例如：I think he is sad, _ / _ his smiles. 盡管他在微笑，我認(rèn)為他很悲傷。盡管他在微笑，我認(rèn)為他很悲傷。 We went for a walk _/_ it was raining. 盡管下雨，我們

14、還是去散步了。盡管下雨，我們還是去散步了。盡管盡管介介名名代代though連連despite in spite of although though9. take risks _ take risks _ 為為而冒險而冒險 take risks _ 冒險做冒險做冒險冒險forto doe.g. They never take risks for god. 他們從不為神他們從不為神冒險冒險。Take risks to improve your business.冒險冒險改善你的業(yè)務(wù)。改善你的業(yè)務(wù)。at the risk of 冒冒的危險的危險/風(fēng)險風(fēng)險 at risk 處境危險處境危險10. g

15、et into=form=fall into1) _ get into the door 2) _ get into the habit (of) 3) _ get into water 進(jìn)入進(jìn)入養(yǎng)成養(yǎng)成陷入陷入I. Complete the sentences with words from the text.1. Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years, largely _ super hybrid rice.2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life,

16、he was not _ to the cold of Northern Europe.due toaccustomed 3. He was _ of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise.4. In spite of her wounded leg, she _to get up the stairs.5. He told me the same story _ until I felt like screaming.ashamedmanagedautomatically6. With exams only a

17、 week away, I am under a lot of _.7. When I _ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy.8. _ health is as important as physical health.stressquit/quittedMental9. Now that I am _ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy.10. _ often take more risks than adults.pregnantAdolescent

18、sII. 從所給詞中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。從所給詞中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。1. addicted; addictivea. It started as a hobby, but it got so _ I had to keep on doing it.b. My kids are _ to playing computer games.2. manage; managera. If the sales clerk cannot help you, ask to see the _.b. Helen was always a difficult child. None of her teachers

19、knew how to _ her.addictiveaddictedmanagermanage3. chemist; chemistrya. The great _ was given the Nobel Prize for her great discovery.b. _ was her favourite subject at school.chemistChemistryIII. 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的提示將下列句子翻譯成英語。根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的提示將下列句子翻譯成英語。1. 由于惡劣的天氣狀況周五的運(yùn)動會不得不推遲。由于惡劣的天氣狀況周五的運(yùn)動會不得不推遲。(due to)2. 要過很長一段

20、時間你才能習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄铩Ｒ^很長一段時間你才能習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄铩?get accustomed to)3. 我打算舉辦個生日宴會我打算舉辦個生日宴會, 可我難以決定該邀請誰。可我難以決定該邀請誰。(decide on)4. 由于身體不好，他被迫停止了教學(xué)工作。由于身體不好，他被迫停止了教學(xué)工作。(quit) 5. 每次我去看他，他總是在忙著工作。每次我去看他，他總是在忙著工作。(every time)6. 每次你想要玩電腦游戲時，提醒自己必每次你想要玩電腦游戲時，提醒自己必 須先要學(xué)習(xí)。須先要學(xué)習(xí)。7. 顏色不僅是我們自身的鏡子，而且影響顏色不僅是我們自身的鏡子，而且影響 著我們。著我們。II

21、I. 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的提示將下列句子根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的提示將下列句子翻譯成英語。翻譯成英語。1.由于惡劣的天氣狀況周五的運(yùn)動會不由于惡劣的天氣狀況周五的運(yùn)動會不得不推遲。得不推遲。(due to)2. 要過很長一段時間你才能習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)匾^很長一段時間你才能習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?。的食物?get accustomed to)The sports meeting on Friday has to be put off due to bad weather conditions.It will be a long time before you get accustomed to the local food

22、.3. 我打算舉辦個生日宴會我打算舉辦個生日宴會, 可我難以決可我難以決定該邀請誰。定該邀請誰。(decide on)4. 由于身體不好，他被迫停止了教學(xué)工由于身體不好，他被迫停止了教學(xué)工作。作。(quit)I am going to hold a birthday party, but I cannot decide on whom to invite.He was forced to quit teaching because of bad health. 5. 每次我去看他，他總是在忙著工作。每次我去看他，他總是在忙著工作。(every time)Every time I go to s

23、ee him, he is always busy working.6. 每次你想要玩電腦游戲時，提醒自己必每次你想要玩電腦游戲時，提醒自己必 須先要學(xué)習(xí)。須先要學(xué)習(xí)。Every time you feel like playing computer games, remind that you must study first.Colors not only are a mirror of ourselves, but they have an effect on us as well. 7. 顏色不僅是我們自身的鏡子，而且影響顏色不僅是我們自身的鏡子，而且影響 著我們。著我們。IV. 用適

24、當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. Wendy had hidden the box _ her bed.2. When I was _ your age, I did not live as rich and happy a life as you do.3. However hard it is, you must finish the construction of the lab _ three weeks.underat in 4. The reason he gave _ not coming to the meeting was that his car had broken down halfway.5. My little girl was _ pain because her bad tooth was pulled out.forin6. Whats your room number, please? And _ the way, could I have a look at your room card?7. The meeting has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.8. The trucks are doing gre