牛津英語8BUnit1—Unit6知識點歸納完整版

1、牛津初中英語8B unit1unit6 知識點歸納(完整版)Unit1一.【精選詞匯】重點短語1. the changes to Sunshine Town陽光鎮(zhèn)的變化the changes to 的變化 (p8)知識鏈接change n.變化，常用復數(shù)changes。 e.g. Great changes have taken place since 1995.2. in the southern part of town in the southern part of在的南部south southern知識鏈接east東部eastern東部的, west western, north no

2、rthern3. in the past在過去at present現(xiàn)在in the future未來；將來，注意這些短語中的介詞和冠詞。4. turn the place into a park turninto把變成知識鏈接Heat turns water into vapor.熱使水變成蒸氣。Turn this sentence into English.5. play cards and Chinese chess打牌、下象棋，e.g. Its pleasant to play cards and Chinese chess.6. water pollution水污染air pollut

3、ion空氣污染，noise pollution噪音污染 (p9)知識鏈接Water pollution was a problem before. 7. used to dump its waste into water used to do sth過去常做某事，注意否定式、疑問式的形式知識鏈接used to do sth 否定式used not to do sth或didnt use to do sth疑問式Did sb use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth? There be和used to合用的形式為There used to be。根據(jù)要求進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Sh

4、e used to teach history. 否定式：She used teach history.或She didnt teach history. 疑問式： she teach history?或Did she teach history?用法拓展be used to do sthbe used for doing sth被用于做某事，e.g. Stamps are used to send letters.Stamps are used for sending letters. be/become/get used to sth習慣于某事，be/become/get used to

5、doing sth習慣于做某事，e.g. My grandma used to live in the city but now she has got used to the country life. Tom is used to getting up early.8. in some ways在某種程度上；在某些方面in this way以這種方式9. feel a bit lonely from time to time from time to timeat timessometimes有時；不時地知識鏈接a bit形容詞原級或比較級a little形容詞原級或比較級，有點 a bi

6、t of不可數(shù)名詞a little不可數(shù)名詞 e.g. a bit of watera little water用法拓展not a littlevery非常，not a bitnotat all一點也不10. throw away扔掉“動詞副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，e.g. throw it/them away11. have an interview with sbinterview sb采訪某人；對某人面試；與某人面談 (p12)知識鏈接My parents have had an interview with my teacher. They interviewed 20 people for the

7、 job. There are a number of interviews with some famous football players.12. the best model I have ever seen 我曾見過的最好的模型 (p17)知識鏈接the形容詞最高級名詞單數(shù)sb have/has ever done，某人曾做過的最的 the most wonderful film (that) he has ever watched他看過的最精彩的比賽用法拓展ever通常用于疑問句中或否定句中。e.g. Have/Has sb ever done sth? Nobody ever s

8、tepped in this cavern.沒人曾經(jīng)踏進過這洞穴。 ever since自從起到現(xiàn)在(用于現(xiàn)在完成時)，for everforever永遠；永久地13. move into the new flatsmove into搬進，move out of搬出 (p18)14. lend me a booklend sb sthlend sth to sb把某物借給某人，是“借出”。知識鏈接borrow sth from sb向某人借某物，是“借入”。15. a recent photo一張近期照片，write about the changes to Moonlight Town (p

9、21)16. a tourist attraction旅游勝地attraction n. 吸引；向往的地方attract vt.吸引attractive有吸引力的It has become a new tourist attraction. Hepburns beauty and charm attracted Colettes attention. 詞匯解析1. 常見的交通工具：bike/bicycle, bus, double-decker雙層巴士, coach長途汽車, tram有軌電車, taxi, train, underground, light rail輕軌, plane, ho

10、t-air balloon熱氣球, aero done滑翔機2. Using a dictionary: The words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order from “A” to “Z”. This helps us find the words we want quickly. If two words starts with the same letter, we look at the second letter to decide the alphabetical order. If the first two letters of

11、 two words are the same, we look at the third letter, and so on. e.g. The word “ball” comes before the word “banana”.3. centuryone hundred years世紀；百年。某世紀用序數(shù)詞。如：21世紀the twenty-first century。“在某世紀”用介詞in，如：in the 20th century在20世紀。二.【重點句型】1. Eddie, have you seen my food? Yes, Ive just eaten it. (p6)2.

12、Youve changed, Eddie. You were kind. Now youre not. I dont want to play with you any more.3. Youve changed too. You always wanted to play with me. always過去式used to do sth4. Coaches have been in use/service in Beijing since 1958. have been in usehave been used 5. I moved here with my family when I wa

13、s two years old and have lived here since then. (p8)6. Have you ever moved house? move house搬家7. We lived till 1965, when I got married. get married結(jié)婚get/be married to sb與某人結(jié)婚知識鏈接marry sb與某人結(jié)婚，e.g. She married a football player. marry sb to sb把某人嫁給某人，e.g. He married his daughter to an actor. get/be

14、married to sb和某人結(jié)婚，e.g. Yao Ming got married to Ye Li on 6 August, 2007. 表示“已經(jīng)結(jié)婚”用have/has got married，表示“已經(jīng)結(jié)婚多久”用have/has been married for時間段或since時間點。e.g. They have got married. They have been married for 5 years.不能說成They have got married for 5 years.用法拓展marriage n.婚姻e.g. They will celebrate their

15、 fifty years of marriage next month.8. Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? change a lot變化大知識鏈接over the yearsin the last/past years這些年來，這是現(xiàn)在完成時的一個標志。9. There once was a shoe factory. There once was/wereOnce there was/were從前有。10. Later, the government realized it was a very serious problem

16、 and took action to reduce the pollution. take action to do sth采取行動做某事，reduce the pollution減少污染 (p9)知識鏈接action (拍攝影視時用語)開始 動作，e.g. action film動作片，action star動作明星a very serious problem非常嚴重的問題problem(需要著手解決的)問題；難題，question(需要回答的)問題 e.g. solve a Maths problem, answer my question11. It is different for

17、him to see some of them as often as before. (p12)知識鏈接It isadj.for sb to do sth. as often as before像以前一樣經(jīng)常asas12. Things have changed a lot over the years.Great changes have taken place over the years. 13. When I was in primary school, my mother took me to school. take sb to school送某人上學14. I have the

18、 same feeling too. Do you sometimes stay after school to chat with friends? (p19)15. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people. (p22)知識鏈接bring advantages to 給帶來好處，advantage優(yōu)點；有利條件disvantage缺點；不利條件 cause problems for給帶來麻煩Unit2一.【精選詞匯】重點短

19、語1. go on a trip to South Hill go on a trip to去某地旅游 (p24)2. take you out for a few days帶你出去玩幾天take sb out帶某人出去3. go hiking, go skiing gov-ing去做某事，see/enjoy the beautiful view觀看/欣賞美景 (p25)4. a symbol of Japan the symbol of的象征，e.g. Red is the symbol of danger.紅色是危險的象征。5. have a really fantastic timeha

20、ve a good/great/wonderful timehave funenjoy oneself (p26)6. at the entrance在入口處 at the exit在出口處7. move at high speed高速運轉(zhuǎn)at a speed of以的速度，at a speed of 100 km an hour8. scream and laugh through the whole ride through從物體的內(nèi)部穿過9. a fast food restaurant快餐店fast food快餐，國際著名快餐店：KFC肯德基，McDonalds麥當勞10. clap

21、and stream with joy高興地拍手尖叫 介詞短語with joy相當于副詞修飾動詞。 (p27)11. watch a three-D film，watch fireworks, look shiny and beautiful under the fireworks12. in all總共；共計first of all首先13. scream with excitement興奮地尖叫 with excitementexcitedly激動地；興奮地 (p28)知識鏈接exciteexcited興奮的exciting令人興奮的；扣人心弦的；刺激的excitement n.激動，興奮

22、with excitementexcitedly，be excited about (doing) sth對興奮14. a really delightful holiday and a meaningful experience一個高興的假期、一次有意義的經(jīng)歷知識鏈接experience n.(C)經(jīng)歷；e.g. He had a pleasant experience in Hong Kong last year.n.(U)經(jīng)驗experienced adj.經(jīng)驗豐富的，have experience in (doing) sthbe experienced in (doing) sth在

23、某方面有經(jīng)驗，e.g. He has experience in teaching English.He is experienced in teaching English. Dr Ma has much experience in eye operations.Dr Ma is experienced in eye operations. Chow Yun Fat is an experienced actor. He has acted in many action films.15. buy a gift for my parents buy sth for sbbuy sb sth

24、(gift比present高雅) (p33)16. travel abroad到國外旅游go abroad出國，e.g. He has gone abroad for further studies. (p35)17. during this May Day holiday在“五一”假期里during是介詞，后面不能接句子。18. three and a half hours三個半小時one/an hour一小時，half an hour半小時one and a half hours一個半小時，two and a half hours兩個半小時 (p38)19. have a birds-ey

25、e view of Hong Kong have a birds-view of鳥瞰；俯視20. a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening高樓林立、燈火輝煌的現(xiàn)代化城市 with lights shining作后置定語，lights與shining是主動關(guān)系。用法拓展He sleeps with windows closed. 21. the cultural centre of Hong Kong香港的文化中心the cultural centre文化中心知識鏈接culture n.文化cultura

26、l adj.文化的 e.g. popular culture大眾文化 Venice is a beautiful city full of culture and history.威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和歷史底蘊的美麗城市。用法拓展nature natural, centrecentral22. a good place to buy things，enjoy that day most, have great fun，a seafood restaurant, desserts and snacks，enjoy our trip to Hong Kong詞匯解析1. popular tou

27、rist attractions(旅游勝地)：Mount Fuji富士山，the Great Wall，the Leaning Tower of Pisa比薩斜塔，the Little Mermaid小美人魚，the Statue of Liberty自由女神像，the Tower Bridge倫敦塔橋，Big Ben大本鐘，the Grand Palace(泰國)大王宮，the Pattaya Beach(泰國)芭堤雅海灘，Ocean Park(香港)海洋公園，Window of the World(深圳)世界之窗。 (p25)2. Hong Kong Disneyland(香港迪士尼樂園)

28、的四大主題公園(theme park)：Main Street USA(美國小鎮(zhèn)大街)，Tomorrowland(明日世界)，F(xiàn)antasyland(幻想世界)，Adventureland(探險世界)。3.cheerfulcheerless, colourfulcolourless, carefulcareless, hopefulhopelessmeaningfulmeaningless, helpfulhelpless, harmfulharmless, usefuluseless delightful, wonderful, successful endless, noiselessqu

29、iet二.【重點句型】1. It must be fun. Can I join you?一定很有趣。我能和你一起去嗎？(p24)知識鏈接情態(tài)動詞must(表示推測)一定，用于肯定句，反義詞：cant不可能。may可能，may not可能不。Probably, Perhaps, Maybe都是副詞，通常用于句首。join sb和某人一起做某事，e.g. Kitty joined them in the Disney parade.2. I havent seen you since last month. see是瞬間動詞 (p26)知識鏈接瞬間動詞與表示一段時間的詞同時出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時的否定

30、句中，不能變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動詞。3. I met many of my favourite Disney characters, such as Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Alice and Cinderella, Mickey Mouse and all his friends were all there too. 4. I couldnt stop taking photos with them. cant/couldnt stop doing sth禁不住做某事知識鏈接cant/couldnt help doing sth禁不住做某事，cant/couldnt

31、 wait to do sth迫不及待做某事。用法拓展stop doing sth停止做某事，stop to do sth停下來去做某事。5. The performers all wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the park, singing and dancing all the way. all the way一路上 (p27)知識鏈接wave to sb向某人招手/揮手wave n.波；波浪 march across邁步穿越 singing and dancing all t

32、he way是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作伴隨狀態(tài)。6. Im sure youll love it.你一定會喜歡的。Im sure that sb will do sth.Sb is sure to do sth.知識鏈接Im sure that he will win the match.He is sure to win the match.7. The line of people outside Space Mountain was endless. We thought it was hopeless to wait in the line.太空山外人們排的隊伍不見盡頭。我們原以為排不上隊了。

33、 (p30)知識鏈接endless無盡的；無休止的，e.g. endless love We have endless homework to do. wait in the line排隊等候 Sb thoughtthat從句，某人原以為。8. Im watching an interesting TV programme. It started at 7 p.m. and has been on for haf an hour.知識鏈接be onbe shown放映 be on show展出, e.g. Many old things are on show in the museum. W

34、hen we reached the cinema yesterday, the film had been on/shown for 5 minutes.9. She must be happy now, isnt she? She must be happy yesterday, wasnt she ? (p33)知識鏈接must一定，表示推測時，反意疑問句中的附加疑問部分應(yīng)以時間狀語為準。10. Spring is the best time for visiting Chinese garden. Chinese garden中國園林 (p35)知識鏈接the best time fo

35、r doing sththe best time to do sth做某事的最佳時節(jié) e.g. Autumn is the best time for visiting the Fragrant Hill.Autumn is the best time to visit the Fragrant Hill.11. Do you have any ideas about what to do for May Day holiday? 12. By the way, how long does it take to fly to Singapore? Sorry, I dont know, but

36、 I can check it for you. by the way順便問一下，check sth for sb替某人核實某事知識鏈接It takes sb some time to do sth. How long does it take sb to do sth?13. The day of our trip to Hong Kong finally arrived. My parents and I were excited about this special trip because we all wanted to visit Disneyland and take photo

37、s with the cute cartoon characters. the day of ones trip to某人去某地旅行的那一天 (p38)知識鏈接be excited about (doing) sth對(做)某事感到興奮 take photos拍照，take photos with 和拍照 cutelovely可愛的14. The weather in Hong Kong is quite different from that in Beijing.香港的天氣與北京不同。知識鏈接在asas, not as/soas, the same as, be different fro

38、m或形容詞、副詞的比較等級結(jié)構(gòu)中，當主語為不可數(shù)名詞時，后者用that代替。當主語是名詞復數(shù)時，后者用those代替。e.g. Usually the pollution in big cities is much more serious than that in the countries. There are more books in our library than those in theirs.15. I hope I can visit there again some day. I hopethat引導的一般將來時或can從句。知識鏈接some dayone day有朝一日；

39、(將來的)一天。one day還表示過去的“某一天”。16. I left a book at Millies home. leave sth地點，把某物忘在某處；forget忘記某事。知識鏈接The forgetful man often leaves his bag on buses. Why werent you at the meeting? Sorry, I forgot.Unit3一.【精選詞匯】重點短語1. I have no idea.Ive no idea.I dont know.我不知道。 (p40)2. turn on the TV turn on/off打開/關(guān)閉，tu

40、rn up/down調(diào)大/調(diào)低；都是“動詞副詞”。3. change the channel換臺on Channel在臺，e.g. on CCTV-5拓展：the English Channel英吉利海峽4. different uses of computers計算機的不同用途：draw and design, play computer games, search for information, send and receive e-mails收發(fā)電子郵件, do word processing進行文字處理, write computer programs編寫計算機程序 (p41)5.

41、travel around the world in eight hours八小時環(huán)游地球，educational CD-ROM教育軟件 (p42)6. come out (書等)出版，發(fā)行，發(fā)表，不能用于被動語態(tài)，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為be published。知識鏈接When will her new novel come out?When will her new novel be published?用法拓展(太陽、月亮或星星)出現(xiàn)；露出，e.g. The rained stopped and the sun came out. (花朵)開放；(草)出芽，e.g. In March flowers

42、 and grass come out.7. learn English and geography at the same time同時學英語和地理at the same time同時知識鏈接learn and play at the same time邊學邊玩8. the main character主角play the main character ofplay the lead role of知識鏈接play the role扮演，the best actor最佳男主角，the best actress最佳女主角9. have/get itchy feet渴望旅行，e.g. She h

43、as gone to Australiashe has always had itchy feet.10. help you learn English by testing your knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary (p43)知識鏈接by介詞，通過某種方法、手段，后接名詞或動詞-ing。He made a living by selling flowers. You can know more about the news by reading todays newspaper. have a knowledge of有某方面的知識，e

44、.g. He has a wide knowledge of painting.他在繪畫方面知識淵博。Knowledge is power.知識就是力量。11. one of the best on the market市面上最暢銷的一種12. choose one icon in the menu在菜單里選擇一個圖標，click on it for more details點擊它以了解詳情click on點擊，left double-click on左鍵雙擊13. open my new e-dictionary on my computer打開我電腦上的新電子詞典(p48)知識鏈接“打開”

45、電腦的軟件用open不用turn on。用法拓展英漢詞典an English-Chinese dictionary，漢英詞典a Chinese-English dictionary查字典：look up a word in a dictionary或look a word up in a dictionary14. restart the computer重新啟動電腦 start vt.啟動；開始 restart重新啟動知識鏈接re部分動詞再，e.g. rebuild重建，reuse循環(huán)使用，retell復述用法拓展set offstart off出發(fā)；動身，set about doing s

46、th開始做某事，著手做某事15. check the settings檢查設(shè)置，double-click on the “auto-run” icon雙擊“自動運行”圖標，double-click on the icon for “Tour” double-click on theicondouble-click on the icon for雙擊圖標，put in the CD-ROM插入光盤16. connect the keyboard to the computer properly正確地連接鍵盤和電腦知識鏈接connect A to B連接A和B be connected to與連接

47、 proper adj.正確的properly17. grow an inch長一英寸，grow to six feet long長到六英尺長 A foot is equal to 12 inches.18. daily Englisheveryday English日常英語daily newspaper日報，Xinhua Daily新華日報19. go on short tours of Australia and New Zealand去澳大利亞和新西蘭短期旅行 (p52)20. be hidden in somewhere in the Arctic被藏在北極的某個地方be hidden

48、地點，被藏在21. the treasure box百寶箱treasure hunt尋寶 (p55)詞匯解析1. online adj.聯(lián)網(wǎng)的；在線的e.g. chat online網(wǎng)上聊天，order a package online網(wǎng)上訂購一套2. reach vt.到達get toarrive at/in 達到，e.g. reach 18 years old年滿18歲 The child isnt tall enough to reach the snacks on the table. reach out a hand伸出一只手3. correctly adv.正確地correct a

49、dj.正確的incorrectincorrectly vt.改正；修正，e.g. correct a mistake改正錯誤 correct正確的wrong錯誤的，in the correct order按正確順序4. educate v.教育education n.教育educational adj.教育的，e.g. educate oneself自修；培養(yǎng) be educated at school在學校里受教育 have a good education受到良好教育5. knowledge n.知識know vt.知道be known to sb為某人所知，be well known/f

50、amous for因而出名，be known as作為而出名，e.g. Samuel Clemens, who was known as Mark Twain, was a famous American writer. 塞繆斯·克萊門斯，以馬克·吐溫知名，是美國名作家。6. point n.分數(shù) e.g. get 100 points得100分 n.小數(shù)點 e.g. 1.732讀作one point seven three two v.指 e.g. point out指出，point at/to指向7. regards(用于信函的結(jié)尾或轉(zhuǎn)達問候)致意；問候regard s

51、b as把某人視為8. company簡寫作Co.，e.g.有限公司company limitedCo., Lducer制作人；制造商。9. 使用計算機Office word常用短語：create a file創(chuàng)建文檔，keep/save the file for future use保存該文檔以備用?！笆瞻l(fā)電子郵件”send and receive e-mails需要“電子信箱”e-mail address。10. control n.(鍵盤上的)控制鍵 vt.控制 e.g. The traffic lights are controlled by a central compu

52、ter.交通信號燈由中心計算機控制。This knob controls the volume.此旋鈕調(diào)節(jié)音量。二.【重點句型】1. What do you use your computer for? I usually use it to search for information. (p41)知識鏈接Whatfor?Why?為什么? e.g. What did you do that for?Why did you do that?2. It sounds interesting, doesnt it? “陳述句附加疑問？”構(gòu)成反意疑問句。 (p42)附加疑問即“助動詞或助動詞的否定式

53、縮寫主語或there”；附加疑問部分的助動詞必須與陳述句保持一致，主語必須是人稱代詞或there，并與陳述句主語的單復數(shù)保持一致。前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意“前否定后肯定”答語的英漢差異。反意疑問句的答語為“Yes, 主語助動詞.”或“No, 主語助動詞的否定式”。 e.g. Simon didnt take part in the football match, did he? Yes, he did. Though he wasnt feeling well. 西蒙沒有參加足球賽，是嗎？不，他參加了。盡管他當時不舒服。3. One day, he was lying on th

54、e grass and looking at the beautiful blue sky, when he fell asleep and had a very strange dream.一天，他躺在草地上，看著美麗的藍天，不知不覺間睡著了，并做了個奇怪的夢。lie 躺lieslyinglaylain 說謊lieslyingliedlied 位于lieslyingliedlied知識鏈接lie意思是“躺”，常用于lie down躺下，find sb/sth lying地點 She found a purse lying on the ground. I found a homeless m

55、an lying at the street corner. fall asleep睡著，e.g. He fell asleep when he was watching TV. have/dream adream做了一個的夢，e.g. have/dream a strange dream用法拓展lie 說謊，e.g. You could see from his face that he was lying. tell a lie說謊位于，e.g. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.4. See those big clouds of different colours