2014屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題74Publictransport精品講案

1、2014屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題7.4 Public transport精品講案 一、高頻單詞熟記 英語漢語英語漢語authority n.權(quán)力，權(quán)威；官方，當(dāng)權(quán)者anniversary n.周年紀(jì)念日aggressive adj.好斗的，挑釁的，富于攻擊性的unbelievable adj.非常壞(或非常好、非常極端)的，令人難以置信的departure n.離開，出發(fā)；背離，違反enlarge v.擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，增大annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的undertake v.承擔(dān)，從事；承諾，答應(yīng)handful n.少量的人或物；一把(的量)arise v.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生convey v.

2、運(yùn)送，輸送；表達(dá)postpone v.延遲，延期loadn.負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多v.裝載，裝上，裝入drunkadj.喝醉的n.醉漢，酒鬼fine v.處以罰金violate v.違犯，違反；侵犯crash n. &v.撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰via prep. 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過(某一地方)；通過，憑借詞性（詞形）變化unfortunately adv. 遺憾地，不幸地，可惜地unfortunate adj.不幸的，可惜的growth n. 增加，增長；成長，生長grow vt.種植 vi.增長；成長；生長reservation n. 預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見reserve v. 保留；預(yù)訂；儲

3、備 n. 貯藏(物)；儲備punctual adj.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的punctually adv.準(zhǔn)時(shí)地punctuality n. 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，守時(shí)enquiry n. 詢問，咨詢；調(diào)查，查究，探究enquire v. 詢問，咨詢；調(diào)查ownership所有權(quán)，產(chǎn)權(quán)owner n.所有人own v.所有，adj.所有的二、重點(diǎn)短語背誦英語漢語英語漢語drop off 中途下客或卸貨speed up（使）加速traffic jam堵車，交通堵塞arise from起因于，由引起link up聯(lián)合，連接split up分組，分解，分離at()intervals每隔距離或時(shí)間risk ones own l

4、ife 冒著生命的危險(xiǎn) put through給某人接通電話；使經(jīng)歷violate the law 違法 decide on/upon決定，選定result in crashes 導(dǎo)致碰撞 put off推遲，拖延；使反感watch out for people crossing the road 留心過馬路的人 turn up出現(xiàn)，到來；調(diào)高（音量等）pull through the narrow tunnels 穿過那些狹窄的通道 fill in填寫（表格）；消磨（時(shí)間）be aimed at 旨在 a handful of少數(shù)的，少量的in particular 特別地 in honou

5、r of 為了紀(jì)念 in need of repair under rpair 需要修理正在修理，修理中 三、經(jīng)典句型仿寫1.【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system.(P51) 看到這種情況，一名叫查爾斯·耶基斯的美國富商于1902年承擔(dān)起了改善(地鐵)系統(tǒng)的工程?！镜渚浞聦憽颗帕税胄r(shí)的隊(duì)，這位老人突然意識到身上沒帶錢。_ for half an hour, the old man suddenly

6、realized he had no money with him.【答案】Having waited in the queue2.【教材原句】Why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today? (P51) 那么，今天為什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地鐵觀光一番呢？【典句仿寫】為什么不向老師征求意見呢？ the teacher for advice?【答案】Why not(dont you) turn to3.【教材原句】Drivers should be careful near schools in particular, be

7、cause there are likely to be many children. (P62) 司機(jī)在學(xué)校附近尤其要小心，因?yàn)槟抢锟赡苡性S多兒童?！镜渚浞聦憽肯聦W(xué)期可能有一位外教給他們上課。_a foreign teacher to give then lessons next term.【答案】There is likely to be4.【教材原句】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. This lack of control is an invitatio

8、n to accidents.(P63)用自行車帶上重物使得車子難以控制，而缺乏控制就會誘發(fā)事故。 【典句仿寫】我發(fā)現(xiàn)要做些變化不可能。I to make some changes. 【答案】find it quite impossible第二板塊 考點(diǎn)詳析一、詞匯考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)-1. convey【教材原句】Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre. (P50) 馬拉車、有軌電車、計(jì)程車和非機(jī)動車被用來將人們送往市中心及其周圍一帶?！纠?/p>

9、研讀】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment我們的面部表情 ，如憤怒、喜悅或失望。Words can't convey how delighted I am!話語 我是多么高興！Would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?請向你母親 ，好嗎？This train conveys both passengers and goods. 這列火車 。A taxi conveye

10、d us to the railway station. 一輛出租車 。Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.空氣是聲波 。【自主歸納】convey one's feelings表達(dá)感情 convey ones emotions 傳達(dá)情感convey news/information to sb. 把消息/信息傳給某人 convey meanings傳達(dá)意思convey sb.sth./convey sth.to sb. 向某人傳達(dá)某事 conveys passengers /goods載客/運(yùn)貨【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題I

11、 was so excited at the news that I could hardly _ my feelings in words.A. carryB. conveyC. survey D. communicateWhat is it that the author wants to _to his readers through the story?A. send B. conveyC. take D. talk【答案】B【解析】convey“傳達(dá)，表達(dá)”。句意：作者想通過故事向讀者表達(dá)什么？考點(diǎn)-2. postpone【教材原句】However, new trains had t

12、o be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.(P50)但是，新式列車得加以研發(fā)，并且這個計(jì)劃需要籌集大量的資金，所以地下隧道的挖鑿被推遲到1860年?！纠溲凶x】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子I got everything ready yesterday，but only to learn that the summer camp was postponed.昨天我做好了一切準(zhǔn)備，卻沒想到夏令營延期了。They postpo

13、ned making a decision and we just had to wait.他們推遲作出決定，那我們就只能等了。The sports meeting will be postponed to the following Saturday because of the rain.由于下雨，運(yùn)動會將推遲到下周六?！敬鸢浮孔蛱煳易龊昧艘磺袦?zhǔn)備，卻沒想到夏令營延期了。他們推遲作出決定，那我們就只能等了。由于下雨，運(yùn)動會將推遲到下周六?！咀灾鳉w納】postpone (doing) sth. 推遲(做)某事 postpone sth.to/until . 把推遲到delay, postpo

14、ne, put off三者均可表示將某事推遲到原訂時(shí)間之后的某一時(shí)間進(jìn)行，其后可接名詞或動名詞(但一般不接不定式)。為了表明推遲到何時(shí)，可用介詞 to, till, until 等。They delayed postponed, put off leaving. 他們推遲動身。He decided to delay/postpone/put off his holiday to/till/until next month.他決定把假期推遲到下個月。幾點(diǎn)區(qū)別delay 除表示推遲日期外，還可表示暫時(shí)阻撓或阻擋，因此有“耽擱”、“拖延”等意。如：    Th

15、e heavy rain delayed my journey. 大雨耽擱了我的行程。postpone 和 put off 主要用于延期，兩者常可換用，只是后者較通俗和口語化；但是 put off 有時(shí)以人作賓語，表示借辭推脫或搪塞某人、推遲或取消與某人的約會、使某人不高興或反感、打擾某人、讓某人下車等，此時(shí)不宜用 postpone。He tried to put me off with more promises. 他想用更多的諾言來敷衍我。Weve invited friends to dinner and its too late to put them off now. 我們已邀請朋友

16、來吃飯，現(xiàn)在取消來不及了。Dont be put off by the titleits a really good book. 別介意這書名不好，它真是本好書。Dont put me off when Im trying to concentrate.我正要集中注意力呢，別打擾我。注：delay 也可以人作賓語，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是耽擱某人的時(shí)間    I was delayed by the traffic. 因交通堵塞，我遲到了。delay 除用作動詞外，還用作名詞，其余兩者不用作名詞。如： We must leave without delay. 我們必須

17、馬上離開。 That is the reason of my delay in answering your letter. 這就是我遲遲不給你復(fù)信的緣故。注：名詞 delay 后可接 in doing sth，但不接 of doing sth 或不定式?！炯磿r(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題It was an unpopular decision to _ the new hospital.A. postpone to build B. postpone buildingC. put off to build D. decide buildingAfter the earthquake, to m

18、ake sure that rescue work could be carried out as smoothly as possible, the premier his visit to that country.A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put downWhy were you late for such an important concert?The plane arrived at the airport after a _of three hours.A. delay B. restC. tour D. request【答案】A【解

19、析】答句句意：飛機(jī)耽擱了三個小時(shí)后才到達(dá)機(jī)場。delay耽擱，延誤；rest休息；tour旅行；request請求?？键c(diǎn)-3. undertake【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company

20、 of London. (P51)看到這種情況，一名叫查爾斯·耶基斯的美國富商于1902年承擔(dān)起了改善地鐵系統(tǒng)的工程，他買下了許多不同的地鐵線，創(chuàng)立了倫敦電力地鐵公司。【例句研讀】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.公司已經(jīng)宣布將這次事故 。She undertook responsibility for the changes.她 做出這些改變的責(zé)任。He undertook(=promised) to finish t

21、he job by Friday.他 這一工作。【答案】公司已經(jīng)宣布將這次事故進(jìn)行全面調(diào)查。她承擔(dān)了做出這些改變的責(zé)任。他答應(yīng)到星期五完成這一工作?！咀灾鳉w納】undertake a task承擔(dān)任務(wù) undertake an attack發(fā)動進(jìn)攻undertake to do sth. 答應(yīng)、同意做某事 undertake that . 承諾【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題John, would you lend me some money?Unless you _ to pay the money back within six months.A. understand B. undertakeC.

22、 underplay D. underline_ the situation, Charles Yerkes undertook _ the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of many different lines.A. Seeing, improving B. Seen , improvedC. To see, to improve D. Having seen, to improve考點(diǎn)-4. reservation【教材原句】There are many flights to Dalian, and the city has good a

23、ir connections with most large cities in China, but you need to make reservations in advance. (P59)有許多航班飛往大連，大連與中國的大多數(shù)大城市有良好的空中聯(lián)系，但是你需要提前預(yù)訂機(jī)票?！纠溲凶x】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子We condemn their actions without reservation.我們 譴責(zé)他們的行為。He has reserved three tickets for London.他已 三張去倫敦的票。A separate room is reserved for

24、smokers.有一間獨(dú)立房間是 。Keep some money in reserve, just in case. ，以防萬一?！咀灾鳉w納】reservation n. 預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見reserve v. 保留；預(yù)訂；儲備 n. 貯藏(物)；儲備make reservations預(yù)訂 without reservation毫無保留地reserve sth.for sb. 為某人準(zhǔn)備某物 in reserve備用【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題(2011福建卷)Id prefer to_ my judgment until I find all the evidence.A. show B. e

25、xpress C. pass D. reserve(2012浙江卷)“ It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers. A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved As the family did not make a(n) _ ahead of time, they had to wait at the restaurant in order to get a table.A. approvalB.

26、 reservationC. arrangementD. enquiry考點(diǎn)-5. punctual 【教材原句】Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays. (P59)有時(shí)候較慢的渡船不是很準(zhǔn)時(shí)，可能會耽擱很長時(shí)間?！纠溲凶x】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子She is always punctual for every appointment.她總是 。I expect you to be punctual for meetings.我希望你 。We can not guarantee

27、 the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.霧天我們不能擔(dān)?；疖?。My English teacher is punctual to the minute.我的英語老師很守時(shí), 。【答案】她總是準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約。我希望你準(zhǔn)時(shí)到會。霧天我們不能擔(dān)保火車準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到達(dá)。我的英語老師很守時(shí),一分也不差。【自主歸納】punctual adj.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的punctually adv.準(zhǔn)時(shí)地punctuality n. 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，守時(shí)be punctual for . 在方面很守時(shí) be punctual to the minute很守時(shí)，一分不差介詞短語：及時(shí)i

28、n time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) on time【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題The manager is always very _ for appointments, which earns him a good reputation. A. punctual B. numbC. allergic D. contentTo be punctual_ the conference，they left on an early train this morning.A. forB. atC. onD. in【答案】A【解析】依據(jù)題意可知，表示“在方面守時(shí)”用介詞for。故選擇A項(xiàng)。考點(diǎn)-6.arise【教材原句】Th

29、e number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year. (P62)在過去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人數(shù)均有增長?！纠溲凶x】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.如果 ，我們隨時(shí)通知他們。Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.身體上的原因可以 。Many Engli

30、sh words arise from Latin.許多英語單詞都 。He arose and walked to the door. 他 走到門口?！咀灾鳉w納】arise from由引起 相當(dāng)于result from arise vi.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生，起身，起床 過去式arose 過去分詞arisenrise vi.升起，升高 過去式rose , 過去分詞risenraise vt. 舉起，提高，提出，撫養(yǎng)， 籌集 過去式raised , 過去分詞raisedI thought it easy to do it, but a lot of new questions _.He _ his eye

31、s from his work.The cost of living continues to _.All the errors _your carelessness.【答案】arose raised rise arose from/resulted from【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題(2009江西卷)What is the price of petrol these days. Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increasedA completely new sit

32、uation is likely to _ when the middle school leaving age is raised to 16.A. arouse B. riseC. arise D. raise【答案】C【解析】句意：畢業(yè)年齡提高到16歲，一種全新的情況很有可能出現(xiàn)。這里指全新的情況可能會“產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)”，故選C。The traffic accident _ his fast driving and he was badly hurt.A. led to B. arose fromC. resulted in D. separated from【答案】B【解析】lead to

33、/ result in“引起，導(dǎo)致”，后接結(jié)果；arise from“由引起”，后接原因；separate from“分離”。考點(diǎn)-7. load【教材原句】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. (P63)用自行車帶上重物會使車子難以控制?！纠溲凶x】根據(jù)英語句子完成英語句子These backpacks are designed to carry a heavy load.這些背包是為 而設(shè)計(jì)的。The good news took a load off my m

34、ind.這個好消息讓我 。She loaded film into the camera.她把 照相機(jī)里。Men are loading the truck with wood. 男人們正在把 。This cow has given me a load of trouble! 這頭牛給我惹了 麻煩！【自主歸納】load n.負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多 v.裝載，裝上，裝入a load of loads of大量的許多(修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞) a load off sb.'s mind消除某人的思想負(fù)擔(dān)，使如釋重負(fù) load .with . 用裝載load sth. into/ont

35、o =load (up)with sth把某物裝入(到) 人們看到裝載貨物的飛機(jī)飛向北方。The plane loaded with goods was seen flying to the north.過去的那輛卡車裝滿了蘋果。 The truck passing by was loaded with apples.貨車在倉庫等著裝載貨物。The trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their loads.他們正在往卡車上裝新鮮水果。They are loading (up) the truck with fresh fruits.They a

36、re loading fresh fruits onto the truck. 【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題(2009山東卷)He says that my new car is a _ of money. Dont you think those words are just sour grapes? A. lack B. load C. question D. waste The lorry, _ bricks, has broken down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.A. loaded up B. loaded withC. full with

37、 D. filled of考點(diǎn)-8. link up【教材原句】Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. (P50)16年后,就是1884年,大都會鐵路公司和大都會區(qū)鐵路公司聯(lián)合起來在城市中心提供地鐵服務(wù). 【教材原句】After World war ended in 1945，more p

38、eople travelled on the underground，so the system was enlarged and more lines were added，including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51) 1945年二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，更多人乘坐地鐵，因此地鐵系統(tǒng)被擴(kuò)大，更多的地鐵線建成；其中包括幾乎連接所有的站點(diǎn)和其他線路的維多利亞線。【例句研讀】翻譯句中劃線部分Our struggle against imperialism is closely

39、 linked to that of the worlds people. We should link theory with practice. We link up with the company. The two companies linked up to hold a charity event. 【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題You'd better give up smoking, Tom, for many diseases are _ to smoking, you know.A. linked B. ledC. exposed D. blamedIf you _ the

40、 pieces of information, you will be clearer about what has really happened.A. link up B. link toC. link with D. link in【答案】A【解析】link up聯(lián)系，聯(lián)合，結(jié)合。句意：如果把這些信息結(jié)合起來，你就會更清楚究竟發(fā)生了什么事?？键c(diǎn)-9.under (+the)+n.(+of)【教材原句】The Underground Electric Railways Company of London, the Metropolitan Line and all the differen

41、t bus and train lines were placed under the authority of the Board. (P51)倫敦電力地鐵公司、大都會支線以及所有不同的公交、列車線路都?xì)w該署掌管?！窘滩脑洹縋art of the road is still under repair.(P59)部分路段目前仍在修建中?！纠溲凶x】The big company is under the authority of the young man. 這家大公司 。Two sections of Highway 101 are under repair.101公路有兩段 。The p

42、lans have been under discussion(being talked about)for a year .這些計(jì)劃至今已 。Under the circumstances，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. ，不告訴他有關(guān)這次事故的情況似乎更好。He was under the influence of Professor Zhang. 他 。We are building socialism under the leadership of the Party. ，我們正在建設(shè)社會主義?！咀灾鳉w納】und

43、er repair在修理中 under discussion在討論中under control of在控制下 under the impression記得，在印象中under the authority of由(歸)掌管，管理 under the leadership of在的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下under the influence of在的影響下 under the circumstances在此情況下，既然這樣under no circumstances決不，無論如何不(放在句首，句子要部分倒裝)under the instruction of在的指導(dǎo)下 under control of在控制下但是：

44、在幫助下 with the help of/with the aid of /with the assistance of【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題Sorry, sir. Im late._ should you come to class late next time.A. On all circumstanceB. In any circumstanceC. Under no circumstancesD. Under no circumstanceIt is still _ whether the old bus station should be replaced with a moder

45、n hotel or not.A. under discussion B. under repair C. under discussingD. out of question【答案】A 【解析】句意：舊車站是否被一個現(xiàn)代化旅館代替還在討論之中。_, he caught up with others.A. With the help of the teachers B. With the teachers helpC. By the teachers help D. On the teachers help考點(diǎn)-10.put off /put through【教材原句】I would like

46、 to put your visit off until then as the annual Traffic Conference is coming up next week. 我想把你們的參觀推遲到那時(shí)候，因?yàn)槊磕甓家e行的交通會議下周就要來了。(P57)【教材原句】OK, I will put you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.(P57)好吧，我給你接通接待員，她可以記下你的詳細(xì)情況?！纠溲凶x】根據(jù)漢語句子用put off/put through填空她老是拖延著不去看牙醫(yī)。She ke

47、eps going to the dentist. 我馬上為您接通電話。I will the call for you now. 你讓你的家人受了不少苦。You have your family a lot.今日事今日畢。Never till tomorrow what you can do today.我們設(shè)法做成了這筆生意。We managed to the deal .【答案】putting off putthrough put through put off putthrough.【自主歸納】給接通(電話)；使經(jīng)歷；完成，使成功put through 推遲put off/delayca

48、ncel是“取消”的意思?？嫉膒ut詞組還有：容忍 put up with 提出；把提前 put forward放在一邊 put aside 收拾(東西) 節(jié)省或存儲 put away穿戴，上演 put on 放回，撥回(鐘表指針) put back撲滅(火)，熄滅 put out 建造，搭起，舉起，抬起，掛上，張貼 put up放下，寫下，記下 put down 把寫進(jìn)（信函，故事等）put in結(jié)束某事 put an end to sth. The concert had to be_ because the main singer was ill.The boy_ his textboo

49、ks and never reopened them.The boy washed the cups and _ them_.I cannot _all this noise.The teacher _many new suggestions on how to learn English.Finally, he successfully _ the business deal. The boy _ his coat _ hurriedly and ran out of the house. The firemen soon_ the fire.Its time we _ the Christmas decorations in the living room.When the others had gone, Mary the furniture.【答案】put off put aside put; away put up with put forward put through put, on put out put upput back【即時(shí)鞏固】單項(xiàng)選擇題(209陜西卷)A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.A. sent up B. given up