自考00015英語(yǔ)二重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)筆記

1、而不是當(dāng)作客觀現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣是把作者想陳述的動(dòng)作當(dāng)成一種只存在于講話人想象中的“假設(shè)”或“推測(cè)”，象中真實(shí)事件。它表達(dá)的是懷疑、憂慮、推測(cè)、假設(shè)、想象或祝愿等。該語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象應(yīng)用在非真實(shí)條件中，包括虛擬條件句、推測(cè)條件句和錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜條件句。這里所說(shuō)的非真實(shí)條件句，大家便會(huì)聯(lián)想到if這個(gè)詞，如果我們?cè)诰渥又锌吹絠f引導(dǎo)的條件從句是以動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式作為句子的主要謂語(yǔ)的話，我們就應(yīng)基本設(shè)定它為虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果句子中出現(xiàn)了wish這個(gè)詞，我們應(yīng)該明白要考虛擬了。Wish如果在句子中表達(dá)的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的結(jié)果，如果考系動(dòng)詞，一定要選擇were ;如果沒(méi)有系動(dòng)詞，只是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)詞，那么我們要選擇它的過(guò)去式；第二，如

2、果 wish表達(dá)的是與 過(guò)去事實(shí) 相反的結(jié)果，那么我們就用had+過(guò)去分詞（或would/could+ have+ 過(guò)去分詞）；如果 wish表示的是將來(lái)沒(méi)有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，用 would/should（could, might）+動(dòng)詞原形。看幾個(gè)例子：I wish she were here.對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，而且出現(xiàn)系動(dòng)詞了，用 were.I wish she had taken my advice.從句意了解到，這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去，所以虛擬，虛擬應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成式（當(dāng)然里面可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)被動(dòng)形式had been done ）.I wish you would go with u

3、s tomorrow.表達(dá)的是將來(lái)沒(méi)有有把握實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，用 would+ to 的形式。實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下：A: You have made some mistakes. B:I wish I mistakes every day.A. don' t make B. haven ' t c. wouldn ' t have made D. didn 'make every day 足以說(shuō)明對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，選 D。A: What would you wish to do if you were a college student again? B: That

4、 ' s very hard to say, but I wish IA. have not studied psychologyB. did study psychologyC. had studied psychology D. studied psychology句子中出現(xiàn)了 were ,說(shuō)明是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成式，選 C。I didn ' t go to the football match, but I do wish I there.A. went B. was C. were D. had been句子中出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式didn't go to,

5、說(shuō)明是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，選擇過(guò)去完成式，選D。if only 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的解題技巧它表示的是“要是就好了”。從這種翻譯的語(yǔ)意當(dāng)中我們可以體會(huì)到：說(shuō)話人是出于一種愿望或遺憾/后悔的心情。這就需要用虛擬的情況，如果它是對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望的虛擬，后面考點(diǎn)一定要用動(dòng)詞的 過(guò)去式，如果表示對(duì)過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望的虛擬，后面的考點(diǎn)一定要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成形式（當(dāng)然也會(huì)出 現(xiàn)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況，小心！）舉例：If only I could speak several foreign languages!這句話明顯是說(shuō)話人對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的一種遺憾心情，證明結(jié)果并沒(méi)有找到，因此我們用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成形式。Look at

6、 the terrible situation （局面） I am in ! If only I your advice.A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed 解析：從句意中我們體會(huì)到，這人的做法是沒(méi)有聽(tīng)他的的意見(jiàn)。應(yīng)選B （動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成式）If only I the examination!A. have passed B. pass C. will pass D. passed解析：“我要是考試能及格該多好??！”屬于有些心虛的那種感嘆或祝愿?？梢泽w會(huì)出是對(duì)現(xiàn)在/未來(lái)的虛擬，選D。If only she of

7、Aunt Ruth! （露絲）A. was not so terribly frightened（害怕）B. would be so not terribly frightenedC. will not be so terribly frightenedD. were not so terribly frightened解析：虛擬語(yǔ)氣中 be的用法僅為were/should be 形式，不可能出現(xiàn)is/was/has/will/shall等形式。排除A和C,那么if only 后面 有兩種動(dòng)詞形式可以出現(xiàn)：過(guò)去式和過(guò)去完成式，選擇 D。 If only I how to operate a c

8、omputer!A. learned B. would learn C. have learned D. had learned解析：排除B和C,說(shuō)話人對(duì)自己不能使用計(jì)算機(jī)表示遺憾，是對(duì)過(guò)去沒(méi)能掌握計(jì)算機(jī)的遺憾，選D。記牢下面這些動(dòng)詞，它們主要的考點(diǎn)是要考查你知不知道這些詞一旦出現(xiàn)，后面要用虛擬的狀態(tài)。當(dāng)然，這些動(dòng)詞會(huì)在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，一般都會(huì)以它的過(guò)去式出現(xiàn)，后面都接that從句，從句中必然有一條橫線，要求你來(lái)選擇或填寫(xiě)從句中的虛擬動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)。我們稱之為用在一些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句的虛擬考點(diǎn)，這些 詞包括 suggest （建議），propose,command,request,desire,i

9、nsist,require,decide,order,promise,ask ,move, recommend,advise,urge,demand,instruct,direct,provide,etc,這些詞匯一旦出現(xiàn)，我們應(yīng)立即反應(yīng)出它要考我虛擬了， 后面從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用（should） +動(dòng)詞原形do （當(dāng)然包括被動(dòng)狀態(tài) be done,這要根據(jù)具體的句意來(lái)定，通常可以這樣來(lái)考慮：如果橫線前面是人，橫線里一定要填do/be done;如果橫線前面是物，不是人，那肯定填寫(xiě) be done）.They requested that he sing a song 。我們必須首先發(fā)現(xiàn)requ

10、ested,看到后馬上反應(yīng)出后面一定是原形動(dòng)詞，只不過(guò)可以是主動(dòng)，可能是被動(dòng)。She insisted that the seats be booked in advance.首先發(fā)現(xiàn) insisted.實(shí)戰(zhàn)： The city council ordered spitting on the streets.A. was prohibited（禁止）B. is prohibited C. be prohibited D. be prohibiting解析：雖然ordered 后面沒(méi)有that ,被動(dòng)，選C。The teacher recommended（推薦）that Jack _D_ mat

11、hs or physics instead of English becausehe was quick at numbers.A. must study B. could study C. studied D. studyThe doctor urged （催促）that she _C_ an operation as early as possible.A. had B. has C. have D. would haveThe manager of the hotel requested that their guests after 11:00p.m.A. not to play lo

12、ud music B. shouldn ' t play loud music C. don ' t play loud music D couldn ' t loud music解析：選 B, should 既可以省略，也可以添加。He suggested _D _to tomorrow ' s exhibition （展覽）together.A. us to go B. we went C. we shall go D. we go一般情況下在考虛擬語(yǔ)氣的時(shí)候，橫線前面的那個(gè)詞多為第三人稱he/she/Jack 人名等?；仡櫍?.If only I D_ t

13、here.? ?a. have not been? ? b. would not been c. will not be? d. had not been解析:答案正確.這明顯是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，用過(guò)去完成，恭喜恭喜！2 .Tom would buy that bicycle but he _c no money.? ?a. had? ? b. has? ? c. had had? ? d. has had解析:這題就考慮歉佳了 ，首先不能考慮 B和D,因?yàn)榍懊嬗衱ould,同時(shí)它是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬啊，用過(guò)去完成.選C.3 . I didn t go to the party, but I do wi

14、sh I _C_ there.a. was? ?b. were? ?c. had been? ? d. went解析: 答案正確. 前面出現(xiàn)didn't, 說(shuō)明是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,用過(guò)去完成.恭喜恭喜!4 . It is time we B_ up our results.a. sum? ?b. summed? ? c. will sum? ? d. would sum解析:答案正確.前面出現(xiàn)了熟悉的句型,It is time that, 后面一定要用過(guò)去式,恭喜恭喜!5 .Dr Bethune（ 白求恩 ） worked hard as if he _B.1. never had fel

15、t tired? ? b. had never felt tired c. never felt tired? ? d . was tired never解析: 答案正確. 前面出現(xiàn)worked, 后面一定是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,用過(guò)去完成.恭喜恭喜!6. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _D_ the book from which it was made.a. have read? ? b. should have read? ? c. am reading? ? d. had read解析:答案正確.從句意分析wish 后是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,用過(guò)去完成

16、.況且另三個(gè)答案A,B,C 從形式上都不符合虛擬語(yǔ)氣的要求!恭喜恭喜!7. It is strange that such a thing _C_ in your school.a.?will happen? ?b. happens? ? c. should happen d. happened解析: 答案正確. 前面出現(xiàn)熟悉的形容詞strange, 后面 一定用 (should)+ 動(dòng)詞原形. 恭喜恭喜!8.1 f she could sew,_B_.？a. she make a dress? ? b. she would have made a shirtc.?she will make

17、a shirt?d. she would had made a coat解析:這題做得有些眼睛發(fā)花了吧!你的答案D 中出現(xiàn)的是would had, 這怎么可能呢?怎么可能是had 呢 ?would 后面怎么著也是動(dòng)詞原形吧! 你肯定一激動(dòng), 看見(jiàn)了答案中有過(guò)去不可能完成事實(shí)的虛擬would have, 正確的答案應(yīng)該是B.小心?。∵@可是1分啊!你已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到了事物的本質(zhì)，可決策做得不夠細(xì)致！不過(guò)，值得鼓勵(lì)！9.? ? “ Did you notice John was not at work today?”“ No. If _C_ working, I would have noticed it

18、. ”a.?I d be? ? b. I wasn t? ?c. I d been? ? d. weren t解析 :這題又眼花了!怎么回事?別經(jīng)常激動(dòng)啊!后面出現(xiàn)would have, 前面肯定是had(been), 怎么選 A 去了 !選 C.1 0. “ Why don t you explain it to her? ”?“ I _A_ it to her if I thought she would understand.”a.would explain? ?b. will explain? ? c. explain?d. would have explained, 應(yīng)該選 D. 況

19、且后面有解析:這題又暈了!它說(shuō)的含義是"我本來(lái)可以向她解釋的", 這是 對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬句子would 。解析:這題又暈了 ！它說(shuō)的含義是"我本來(lái)可以向她解釋的",這是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬句子，應(yīng)該選D.況且后面有would。通過(guò)這位學(xué)友的做題方式和解題思路，我已經(jīng)看到了大家戰(zhàn)勝虛擬語(yǔ)氣的信心和曙光，大家對(duì)于有些題目的做題技巧很迅速，但并不細(xì)致和完整，不過(guò)，照此思路堅(jiān)持下去，你說(shuō)以后還有必要做虛擬部分的練習(xí)嗎？速度+耐心細(xì)致=80%成功，那20%呢？運(yùn)氣！用在一些名詞后的主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，這些詞包括：necessary,imperat

20、ive（命令），important,essential （要素、必要的）,advisable （可取的、明智的） ，ordered,proposed （推薦），desired （渴望）,requested,suggested （建議）,recommended （勸告）,demanded （要求、詢問(wèn)） ，decided（ 用于主語(yǔ)從句中，形式為 It is that）,order,instruction,motion（移動(dòng)），advice,demand,necessity,decision （決定n） ,proposal（提出）,requirement, idea,recommendation

21、,request,plan,desire 等（用于同位語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句），這時(shí)謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形。練習(xí)：It is necessary that some immediate effort （努力、成就）（made）.解析：前面出現(xiàn)了 necessary that,后面肯定虛擬了，用原形?；蛘咴僖豢礄M線前不是人，填原形的被動(dòng)be madeIt is necessary that a university student _B_at least one for foreign language.A. maintains B. maintain C. will maint

22、ain D shall maintainIt is recommened that the project _B_ until all the preparations have been made.A. is not started B. not be started C. will not be started D. is not to be started I don t think it advisable tha t Tom _to the job since he has no experience.A.is assigned B. will be assigned C, be a

23、ssigned D. has been assigned（分配）答案：前面出現(xiàn) advisable that ,后面原形，被動(dòng)，選 C。“What are the qualifications of a good teacher? ”（資格、學(xué)歷）It is essential that he A strict with his students. ”A. be B. will be C. can be D. could be所謂同位語(yǔ)從句，簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，就是前面出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)名詞，而后面的從句內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面名詞的再解釋和體現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然這 些名詞也很好記，把那些需要記住的動(dòng)詞和形容詞就行了。如：requir

24、e-requirement,recommend 一recommendation 等。表語(yǔ)從句類推。He issued the order that the troops （軍隊(duì)） （withdraw 撤回）at once.解析：前面出現(xiàn) order that，后面原形，填寫(xiě) withdraw.It is my desire that all the members of the family（gather聚集）once a year.回顧：The local （地方的） health organization is reported _C_ twenty-five years age when

25、 Dr. Adudon became its first president. （總統(tǒng)）A. to be se'： up B. te:nci s濘 國(guó)C.論 bsen sei l p D,旭仙地現(xiàn)sst no解析:學(xué)員選的是D.我們來(lái)分析一下.“地方保健組織據(jù)報(bào)道 25年前就成立了 ”.首先你應(yīng)弄清楚組織成立在前，還 是據(jù)報(bào)道在前？肯定是成立在前吧.只有成立了才能被報(bào)道啊 ！這里一定有完成.排除A,B.另外,report后要求用動(dòng)詞不 定式樣結(jié)構(gòu)，所以選C.Although the lecture （講座） had already been on for five minutes, I

26、 still was not able to find a chair_C.A. tO S't B. for to sit on C . to Sit OP C . for sitting解析：sit是不及物動(dòng)詞，你還記得有個(gè)詞組sit down嗎？后面應(yīng)該有個(gè)介詞給予搭配，因此選C.?Lots of empty boots were found under the old man' s bed. He must have done nothing but A .A. drinx 3. to drink C. D. dmnk解析：這是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),have nothing bu

27、t do，通過(guò)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可以自然而然地解出答案是A.It is（high, about）time句型后用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況，表示“早該干某事而已經(jīng)有些晚了”。例：It is high time that we were off.It is high time that somebody taught you to behave （表現(xiàn) v） yourself.實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下，你覺(jué)得快不快！It is time A about the traffic problem downtown（市中心的）A.something was done B. anything wil

28、l be done C. everything is done D. nothing to be done解析：前面見(jiàn)到了 It is time that后面考點(diǎn)一定是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，但要注意有的句子里會(huì)有被動(dòng)情況發(fā)生，需要小心！選AoIt ' s already 5 o ' cloCkonowt you think it ' s aboCt time?A.? we are going home B. we go home C. we went home D.we can go homeIt is high time we A drug （毒品 trafficking （

29、非法交易）.A.? did away with B. do away with C. did away D. should do away with解析：看清楚了嗎？只有 A和C符合條件，在頭腦中搜搜詞組搭配，選Everybody has arrived. It ' s time weD the meeting.A. would start B. had started C. shall start D. started在for fear that, in order that, in case,lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用 should（could,might） +動(dòng)

30、詞原形。He reminded her twice of it lest she （should） forget .（remind:提醒）I will not make a noise for fear that I （should, might） disturb you.The students are working hard for fear that they B in the exam.A. will fail B. should fail C. failed D. fails解析：見(jiàn)到for fear that ,后面原形，選 B。注意有時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)被動(dòng)。You' d bet

31、ter take an umbrella （傘） with you in case it A .A. should rain B. will rain C. have rained D. can rainThe mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he Ahimself.A.? injure （傷害） B.had injured C.injuredD.would injureTony doesn ' t da re 敢） to leave the house in case B .A.?he will recognize B.he

32、should be recognized （認(rèn)出） C.he is recognized D.he recognizes Sinclair is working hard for fear that he C .A.? fell behind B.may fall behind C.should fall behind D.would fall behind1、以as if（as though）引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句，從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，用 had+過(guò)去分詞。表示將來(lái)的可能性不大，用?would（might, could）+ 動(dòng)詞原形（后面這

33、個(gè)考試中不經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，但不怕一萬(wàn)，就怕萬(wàn)一）。He talks as if he knew all about it.（因?yàn)榍懊嬗衪alks,說(shuō)明是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬 ，后面應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)）。I feel as if we had known each other for years.（句意很簡(jiǎn)單，同時(shí)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) for years,說(shuō)明對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬， 后面用過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。It isn ' t laewere poor.（前面出現(xiàn)isn't,說(shuō)明對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，后面用過(guò)去時(shí)，同時(shí)注意：系動(dòng)詞be在虛擬語(yǔ)氣里不可能出現(xiàn)is/was ,只能用 were或原形be動(dòng)詞）。She speaks

34、 English as if she C an Englishman.A. be B. is C. were D. is being前面動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面用過(guò)去時(shí)，選 C。Franklin looked as though he D 川 for a long time.A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 前面動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)，后面過(guò)去完成時(shí)，選 D。Kitty talks as if she B on the spot.（場(chǎng)所、斑點(diǎn)）A. is B.were C.has been D.beJeff looked as if he C a ghost.A.? s

35、aw B.has seen C.had seen D.would seewould rather后用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。我教你一招：你一旦看到了這樣的句型：would rather+人/that從句時(shí)（必須要有人或that從句，否則后面+動(dòng)詞原形/完成形式，形成 would rarher do/would rather have done句型），后面考點(diǎn)一定用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)。I ' d much rather that you tomorrow than today.A. came B. will come C. had come D. is coming:看見(jiàn)了 would rather+you

36、,后面選動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)，選 A。I ' d rather you Cmake any comment（注釋）on the issue for the time being.A.? don' t B.wouldn ' t C.didn ' tD.shouldn ' t I' d rather you B anything about it for the time being. A.say B.didn ' t say C.don ' t say D.not say I' d rather you B about it for

37、the time being.A.don ' t think B.didn ' t think C.would not think D.had not thoughtThe manager would rather that his wife B work in the same office as he does. A.? does not B.did not C.would not D.will not英語(yǔ)二考試的 重中之重的考點(diǎn)非真實(shí)if條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反句型：If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ed+,主語(yǔ)+would(should ,could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形

38、 屬于與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句(句中的be動(dòng)詞，不管主語(yǔ)的人稱是單或復(fù)數(shù)，一律用 were)。記?。喝绻@部分句型中有 be,前面不管是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù) If I knew his address, I would write to him.If it were to rain tomorrow, I would not go there.(對(duì)未來(lái)的虛擬 )If the sea 500 feet, India would become an island.A. is to rise B. has risen C. were risen D. were to rise解析：看到主句中出現(xiàn)了woul

39、d(是詞的過(guò)去時(shí))，證明這將是非真實(shí)條件句，需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)答案中有be,那么選D?？汕f(wàn)別選 C啊,那樣不就成了過(guò)去形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)啦。right now,she would get there on Sunday.A.? Would she leave B.If she leaves C.Were she to leave D.If she had left?解析：分析如上題一樣，看到后面 would ,該怎么辦？對(duì)了，說(shuō)明對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬(right now),選C。這道題省略了if,把Were提前了。非真實(shí)if條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反句型：If+主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞

40、ed,主語(yǔ)+would(should, could, might)+have+ 動(dòng)詞2ed?用再糙點(diǎn)兒話：一看到這種復(fù)合句，前面有 had(been)done ,后面那句話里面一定考 would have(been)done;如果前面出現(xiàn) would have(been)done, 后面一定考had(been)done 。時(shí)刻關(guān)注一下是否有被動(dòng)的含義！ ！ ！If I had known your address, I would have written to you.Had he worked harder, he the exam.A. must have got through B.

41、could get throughC. would get through D. would have got through解析：前面出現(xiàn)了 had,中間有逗號(hào)，后面一定考什么來(lái)著？對(duì)了，一定有 would have(been)done ,選D。我又省 略了 if,你發(fā)現(xiàn)了嗎？我把 Had提前了。The millions of calculations( 計(jì)算)involved (有關(guān)聯(lián)的) ，had they been done by hand,all practical (實(shí)踐 的) value (價(jià)值)by the time they were finished.A. could lo

42、se B. might lose C. would have lost D. ought to have lost解析：橫線前面出現(xiàn)了had been,后面-一定考 would have(been)done ,選C。又省略if啦，我的馬甲又脫啦！If the whole operation beforehand(事先),a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A.was not planned B.has not been plannedC.had not been planned D.were not planned解析：后面出

43、現(xiàn) would have been,前面該啥來(lái)著？恭喜你，選C。Had he worked harder,he B the exams.A. must have got through B.would have got throu gh C.would get through D.could get throughfor your laziness,you could have finished the assignment by now.A.? Had it not been B.It were not C.weren ' t D.Had not it been解析：后面出現(xiàn) cou

44、ld have been,前面一定出現(xiàn)？ ？恭喜你，選 A。千萬(wàn)別被 D騙了，只有have和it形成了倒裝， 否定詞not不動(dòng)原來(lái)的位置（原句正常的句型應(yīng)該是：If it had not been.）以“未來(lái)不太可能發(fā)生的事”為條件的虛擬條件句句型：If +主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形，主語(yǔ)+should（would, could, might）+動(dòng)詞原形這種題考察的頻率不高，大家可給予一般性了解。If it tomorrow, I would not go.A. should rain B. would rain C. will rain D. is going to rain解析：您可別前

45、后句同時(shí)出現(xiàn)would/should ,怎么著也得插開(kāi)啦??！選 A。表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句型：If +主語(yǔ)+were to+動(dòng)詞原形,主語(yǔ)+would（should, could, might）+動(dòng)詞原形（無(wú)論主語(yǔ)人稱是什么，一律接were to ）。If the sun A in the west, I would follow you.A. were to rise B. was to rise C. had risen D. would rise不定式的完成時(shí)用在intend, mean, plan, suppose 等動(dòng)詞后，表示原打算做而實(shí)際上未能做成的事；“need+hav

46、e+done”表示有必要做的事。Mr. Brown is supposed for Italy last week.A. to have left B. to be leaving C. to leave D. to have been left解析：suppose本身后面就應(yīng)該接 to,同時(shí)last week告訴我們：這件事情本來(lái)應(yīng)該做，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)做成，來(lái)吧！選AoYou all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A. needn ' t have done B. must not have

47、 done C. shouldn't have done D. can not have done解析：從句意我們可以看出來(lái)，你沒(méi)有必要去做，因?yàn)槲覀冇杏?jì)算機(jī)幫助。選Ao有些詞匯需引起注意，如 but for, otherwise, but that, without,provided that（ 可用 if 換 用）。Planets would die without water on the earth.But for the fog we would have reached our destination long ago.Seize the chance, otherwise

48、 you would regret it.He was willing to give the job to me provided that I could assure him I could do it well.實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下：We didn ' t knw his telephone number; otherwise we him.A. had telephoned B. would telephone C. must have telephonedD.would have telephoned解析：按照其原本的意圖，我們就打電話給他了”，其實(shí)這件事并沒(méi)做成，但在說(shuō)話者的思想中已

49、經(jīng)完成了，選D。But for water, people D live on the earth.A. can B. will be able to C. make D. couldWe didn ' t know you were ill.Otherwise to see you.A. we ' d have comeB.we' d come C.we were to come D.we could come解析：選A,因?yàn)榍懊娉霈F(xiàn)了otherwise,說(shuō)明說(shuō)話者的頭腦中已經(jīng)完成了動(dòng)作，但實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有做到The man showed us his ID card.W

50、ithout that,we stopped him from getting in.A.? would have B.would C.had D. have解析：假設(shè)的情況，使用虛擬，選 Ao二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)名詞之所以稱之為 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”，說(shuō)明這類成分在句子中并不是做謂語(yǔ)成分。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種：動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞。動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式，其構(gòu)成是：動(dòng)詞原形+ing,其動(dòng)詞的變化如同現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞變化，與現(xiàn)在分詞也同形。之所以稱之為 動(dòng)名詞”，說(shuō)明它兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特征和作用。動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)先看個(gè)例子：Saying is easier than doing.（say原本是動(dòng)詞，這

51、里 +ing后變成了名詞形式，做主語(yǔ)，同時(shí) than后面進(jìn) 行同等形式的比較，因此do+ing）。Your drinking so much wine is not good for your health.實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下：“I did it again. I slept until noon.”? through the alarm seems to be your biggest?problem.”A. Asleep? B. To sleep? C. To be asleep? D. Sleeping解析：？后面出現(xiàn)了 seems to做謂語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明前面通通地做主語(yǔ)，選 D。注意：use, use

52、less,good, pity （同情、 可惜），time, fun （快樂(lè)）,hard, nice, difficult, worth,worthwhile （值得做的）,interesting, better,foolish, crazy（荒唐的）等名詞或形容詞做表語(yǔ)時(shí)，用it做形式主語(yǔ)，把做主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞后置。這種類型的題目在考試中為重點(diǎn)考察內(nèi) 容！ ！，其句型為It is+上面這些詞中任何一個(gè)+ing動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。It ' s no goohelping him. He doesn ' t help himself.It ' s no uwaiting here.實(shí)

53、戰(zhàn)一下：It is no use? ;the company won't do anything about it.A. you complain? ? B. for you to have complained?C. you having complained?D. your complaining解析：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了 It is no use句型，你立刻會(huì)想起后面一定是ing形式。選吧！只有 C, D有ing。同時(shí)注意：動(dòng)名詞前如果出現(xiàn)代詞的話，一定要用物主代詞形式去做動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。OK,選D。He thought that?A. the effort doing the job w

54、as not worth? B. the effort was not worth in doing the jobC. it was not worth the effort doing the job? D. it was not worth the effort by doing the job 解析：大概齊一掃答案的秩序立刻就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有it is worth句型，想起后面一定是ing形式，選C。A在賓語(yǔ)從句中的詞序混亂，B在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)的含義不對(duì)，D整個(gè)句型混亂There is no+動(dòng)名詞為常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于 It is impossible to do sth .There is

55、no getting along with him.實(shí)戰(zhàn)一下：Our chance of ever the truth is very slight.A. knowing B. know C. having known D. to know解析：of后面需要名詞形式，選 AoThere is no use over split （分開(kāi)） milk.A. of being crying B. to cry C. crying D. if it will cry解析：固定句型，選 Co It is no use A. to buy books and not to read themB.buyin

56、g books and not to read themC. buying books and not reading themD. to buy books and not reading them解析：固定句型，選 Co同時(shí)注意and形成了并列結(jié)構(gòu)，前后的形式應(yīng)一致。 There is no? still in this life; one must either advance or fall behind. A. stand? B. standing? C. to stand? D. having stood 解析：一看就知道是固定句型，選 Bo 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式做 賓

57、語(yǔ)為考試重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，那位說(shuō)了 有竅門(mén)嗎？ "我回答：YES !我們要求大家的試題中發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的特征，只有這樣才能準(zhǔn)確快捷地找出答案。這些特征就是要要大家把列動(dòng)詞記牢：agree,afford（提供，allow,arrange（安排），fail （失?。?，forget,guarantee （保證），promise,prove （證明），refuse,ask,attempt（企圖），bother （打擾，麻煩） ，care,choose（挑選），claim （索要），consent （允許）decide,demand,determine（判決），happen,hesitate （猶豫），intend,tend,learn,long,manage（經(jīng)營(yíng)），neglect （疏忽），offer （提供）,plan,prepare（準(zhǔn)備），p