語法之賓語補足語培訓(xùn)講學(xué)

1、語法之賓語補足語賓語補足語賓語補足語是用來補充說明賓語的一種成分，是用來補充說明賓語的一種成分，常放在賓語之后，和賓語一起構(gòu)成常放在賓語之后，和賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語復(fù)合賓語。 該句型的實質(zhì)是該句型的實質(zhì)是及物動詞的一些搭配及物動詞的一些搭配。 They painted their house white. His father named him Tom. You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.4.Nobody noticed him enter the room. (名詞名詞)(形容詞形容詞)（不定式）（不定式）（不帶（不帶to的不定式）

2、的不定式）即時演練即時演練4. We saw her entering the room.5.We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 6. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 7. Let the fresh air in.( 過去分詞過去分詞)（介詞短語）（介詞短語）（副詞）（副詞）( (現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語) )1 不定式做賓補不定式做賓補2 分詞做賓補分詞做賓補3 名詞做賓補名詞做賓補4 形容詞、副詞、介詞短語做賓補形容詞、副詞、介詞短語做賓補 Step2：Presen

3、tation1、不定式作賓補、不定式作賓補 The teacher asks us(背誦)the text. Tell him _(shut) the window. 常接帶常接帶 to 的動詞不定式作賓補的動詞有：的動詞不定式作賓補的動詞有： force迫使迫使, get使使, help幫助幫助, inspire鼓勵鼓勵, invite邀請邀請 order命令命令, persuade說服說服,teach教教, tell告訴告訴, want想要想要, warn警告警告, would like想想要要to reciteto shutWe saw the car (停止停止). I made hi

4、m (改變改變) his mind Let me (介紹介紹) you to Miss Li常接省略常接省略to的不定式做賓語補足語的動詞要記牢：的不定式做賓語補足語的動詞要記牢：stopchangeintroduce感官動詞感官動詞和和部分使役動詞部分使役動詞:吾吾看三看三室室兩兩廳廳一感覺一感覺一感：一感：feel二聽：二聽：hear, listen to三使：三使：let, have, make五看：五看：observe, see, watch, look at，notice 想一想：想一想： lThe boy was made (work) twelve hours a day.lTh

5、e car was seen (stop). lThe middle-aged man was seen(enter) the building to workto stopto enter注意：變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式符號注意：變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式符號to必須必須保留。保留。 2 分詞作賓補：分詞作賓補：lThey walked off and left me （sit) there alone.lThe murderer was brought in, with his hands (tie) behind his back.lWith the homework(finish), he w

6、as allowed to watch the football match. lA group of children were found (play) on the playground. lAfter waking up, I found everyone (go).lDont leave the windows (break) like this all the time.sittingtiedfinishedplayinggonebroken 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補，賓語賓語在邏輯上是分詞表示的動在邏輯上是分詞表示的動 作的作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者；2. 過去分詞作賓補過去分詞

7、作賓補，賓語賓語在邏輯上是分詞表示的動在邏輯上是分詞表示的動 作的作的承受者承受者； 3. 省略了省略了 to 的不定式作賓補只是的不定式作賓補只是表示一個事實表示一個事實，說，說 明動作的全過程；明動作的全過程；4.帶帶 to 的不定式作賓補往往的不定式作賓補往往表示不定式的動作發(fā)生表示不定式的動作發(fā)生 在謂語動詞的動作之后。在謂語動詞的動作之后。 Compare:分詞、不定式作賓補在意分詞、不定式作賓補在意義上的區(qū)別義上的區(qū)別 試比較試比較： 1. I heard a girl singing upstairs . (表示一個主動、進(jìn)行的動作表示一個主動、進(jìn)行的動作) 我聽見一個女孩正在樓

8、上唱歌。我聽見一個女孩正在樓上唱歌。 2. I heard the song sung . (表示一個被動、完成的動作表示一個被動、完成的動作) 我聽見有人唱過這首歌。我聽見有人唱過這首歌。 3. I heard a girl sing upstairs . (強調(diào)唱歌的事實強調(diào)唱歌的事實) 我聽到一個女孩在樓上唱歌。我聽到一個女孩在樓上唱歌。 4. I ll get someone to repair the recorder for you . (不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之后。不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之后。) 我要叫人幫你修理錄音機。我要叫人幫你修理錄音機。 I often h

9、ear the girl _ this English song in her room.I heard the girl _ this English song in her room when I passed by.I heard this English song _ in her room.The girl is often heard _ this English song in her room.This English song was heard _ by the girl in her room.singsingingsung to singsungThis girl wa

10、s heard _ this English song in her room when I passed by.singing3.名詞作賓補名詞作賓補：She found him a very clever boy .We made him chairman of our Students Union. 注意注意： Eg: 我們選我們選Mr.Yang做我們班的班長。做我們班的班長。We _Mr.Yang _of our class獨一無二的頭銜職位前不加冠詞獨一無二的頭銜職位前不加冠詞electedmonitor總結(jié)：總結(jié)：名詞做賓補，通常放在名詞做賓補，通常放在call, name, el

11、ect, make, consider, think，appoint等動詞之后等動詞之后，補充補充說明賓語的身份或特性等：說明賓語的身份或特性等： Let the fresh air in To her surprise, she found herself in a different world主語主語+謂語謂語+it+賓補賓補+真正賓語（真正賓語（6123句型）句型）I found it very pleasant to be with your familyPractice單句改錯：單句改錯： My mother asks me speak English as much as pos

12、sible. I find very easy to do todays homework. Though he had often made his sister working for him, today he was made work for her. My advisor encouraged me taking a summer course to improve my writing skills. （2004 北北京）京） toit-workto-to take 1 他感到很難同你交談。他感到很難同你交談。(feel(feel）He felt it very difficul

13、t to talk with you.2 我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題(considerconsider)I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.3 學(xué)校訂了一條規(guī)則，上課時學(xué)生要起立學(xué)校訂了一條規(guī)則，上課時學(xué)生要起立(make)The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.4 我們認(rèn)為只說不做是無益的。我們認(rèn)為只說不做是無益的。(find）We find it no goo

14、d our talking without doing.5 她的父母認(rèn)為她不可能說謊她的父母認(rèn)為她不可能說謊。(think) Her parents thought it impossible for her to tell lies.三重點動詞后賓補的用法 make用作使役動詞表示用作使役動詞表示 “使；使成為使；使成為” 時，時，lWe made him (隊長隊長)of our football team. lThe heavy rain made it (不可能不可能) for us to go out.lThe speaker raised his voice but still c

15、ouldnt make himself_(understand).captainimpossibleunderstood1.Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 2. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 1 The tea

16、cher had her _(recite) the text again. 2. He wants to have his eyes _ ( examine ) tomorrow 3. Be careful, or youll have your hands _( hurt ). 4. He had the girl _( stand ) in the classroom the whole morning. reciteexaminedhurtstandinghave 表示表示“使得使得”,其后接賓語補足語其后接賓語補足語have sb do sth 使得某人做某事使得某人做某事 have

17、 sb doing sth 使得某人正在做某事使得某人正在做某事 have sth done 使得某事被做使得某事被做 1. Ive had my radio _ so soon because my father had me _ it. A. repair; done B. repaired; do C repairing; do D. repaired; done 2. You cant have the horse _ all the way. Its too hot. A. run B. to run C. running D. to be running 3. We will ha

18、ve you _ (know) that the machine has been made _(work) at full speed. BCknowto work leave表示表示使使/ 讓讓保持某種狀態(tài)保持某種狀態(tài)。 1.Leave him to do it himself. 2.He went out, leaving his papers lying on the desk. 3.He left a few questions unanswered. 1.I cant leave such an important matter _ (沒有完成沒有完成). 2.They kille

19、d the cow, cut off the skins and left the bodies_ (rot腐爛腐爛). 3.What he said left me _ (思考思考) deeply. undone/unfinishedto rotthinking5）find意為意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺” A group of children were found _(play) on the playground. The cat was found _(kill) yesterday. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _

20、in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked We have found him (to be) a dishonest person. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個不誠實的孩子。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個不誠實的孩子。 find sb doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)一種動作正在進(jìn)行發(fā)現(xiàn)一種動作正在進(jìn)行find sth done 發(fā)現(xiàn)某事被做發(fā)現(xiàn)某事被做playingkilledBkeep 當(dāng)當(dāng)“使使保持在（某種狀態(tài)）保持在（某種狀態(tài)）”講時，講時，其后通常接復(fù)合賓語，可用形容詞、介詞、其后通常接復(fù)合賓語，可用形容詞、介詞、副詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去

21、分詞現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等作賓補。如：等作賓補。如： Well keep you_ of the fact. 我們將讓你知道事實。我們將讓你知道事實。 Sorry to have kept you _ for such a long time. 對不起，讓你久等了。對不起，讓你久等了。 Its our duty to keep our surroundings clean. 保持我保持我們周圍環(huán)境清潔是我們的職責(zé)。們周圍環(huán)境清潔是我們的職責(zé)。 His illness kept him in bed for months.他因病臥床好幾他因病臥床好幾個月。個月。 informedwaiting1)

22、. In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet _ (point) at another person.2).The artist is working with his hair _ (tie) back. 3). With all these mouth _ (feed), he didnt know what to do.pointingtiedto feedwith+賓語賓語+賓補賓補4) 那位懷抱嬰兒的婦女是湯姆的母親。那位懷抱嬰兒的婦女是湯姆的母親。 The woman with a baby _ is Toms mother.

23、in her arms5) 他光穿著一件襯衣在那里干活。他光穿著一件襯衣在那里干活。He was working there with only a shirt _.on6) 孩子們堆了個雪人，手都凍紅了孩子們堆了個雪人，手都凍紅了。 The boys made a snowman, with hands _.red with cold1._ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.AsB.For C.WithD.Through2._ everything _ , she left the superm

24、arket with satisfaction.A.As, buying B.For, to buy C.With, bought D.Because, to buyCCWith賓語賓補賓語賓補 Practice單句改錯The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself understand.We all elected Jason the monitor.The teacher asked us not make so much noise. - What a nice fire you have in your firep

25、lace! - During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.understoodtowarm5. Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth.6. He pushed the door opening.7. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.8. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newl

26、y-elected president is having a hard time. 9. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.runningopenputtingtowithTell him _ the window.to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _.A. mend B. mending C. mende

27、d D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A. to risk going B. risking to goC. for risk to go D. risk going單項選擇單項選擇5. I found the door _ when I got home.opened B. close C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,