英語寫作賓語專項

1、賓語概念：賓語是動作、行為的對象，是動作的承受者。位置：一般位于及物動詞和介詞之后。可以作賓語的有：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞、從句。一、一般用法：1、名詞作賓語Show your passport, please.請出示護照。2、 代詞作賓語She did n't say an ythi ng.她什么也沒說。3、 數(shù)詞作賓語How many do you want? I want two.你想要幾個 我想要兩個。4、名詞化的形容詞 作賓語They sent the injured to hospital.他們把傷員送到醫(yī)院。5、 不定式作賓語They asked

2、 to see my passport他們要求看我的護照。6動名詞形式作賓語I enjoy working with you.我和你們一道工作很愉快。7、從句作賓語Did you write down what he said?你把他的話寫下了沒有二、復合賓語（賓語+賓補）概念:在英語中有些動詞接了一個賓語后句子意思仍不完整還需要再加上一個詞或短語放在賓語之后來補充說明其身份、特征、狀態(tài)或所做的動作這種賓語+賓語補足語”結構稱為復合賓語。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、 介詞短語和從句充當。We call him Jack .我們叫他杰克。這里him是賓語，Jack是賓語補足語。自我

3、檢測：They appo in ted him chairma n.他們任命他為主席。是賓語,賓語補足語。They must keep their hands beh ind their backs. 賓語， 賓補。You must n'force him to lend his money to you.We will make our school more beautifulI saw her en teri ng a office.三、雙賓語（主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（事物）此結構若要先說直接賓語（事物）后說直接賓語（人），則需要借助to或for常跟雙賓語的

4、動詞有(需借助 to 的)bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show,teach, write, tell, ask.(需借助 for 的)buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save,spare.概念：雙賓語就是有些動詞后面跟直接賓語和間接賓語。直接賓語指的是動詞所涉及的物間接賓語是指受益于動詞所表示行為的人。They gave him a watch.這里的him 是間接賓語 a watch是直接賓語.自我檢

5、測1. Please lend me your dicti on ary.2. Would you please tell me your address ?3. He wrote carefully some letters to his frie nds.4.She showed us her many of her pictures.翻譯練習1. Joh nso n先生去年教我們德語。2. 瑪麗把錢包交給校長了。3. 新機器將會為你節(jié)省許多勞力。4.1 want to knowA. what is his name B. what ' s his name C. that his

6、 name is D. what his name is5.-Could you tell meshe is look ing for?-Her cous in, Susa n.A. that B. whose C .who D. which賓語從句：即句子作賓語，而不再是一個詞或短語作賓語。一、賓語從句的種類：1. 由that引導的賓語從句。that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正 式文體中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wan ted to stay at home.She doesn ' t know (that) she is seriously

7、ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由連接代詞 who, whom, whose, what, which 和連接畐U詞 when, where, why,how引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are wait ing for?He asked whose han dwrit ing was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don ' t know why the train

8、 is late.3. 由if或whether引導的賓語從句。if和whether在句中的意思是 是否”例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him二、賓語從句的語序 賓語從句的語序應為 陳述句的語序。例如：I hear (that) physics isn' t easy.I thi nk (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please te

9、ll me when we' ll have the meeting.(三)賓語從句的時態(tài)1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。女口：I don ' t think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時, 過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時)。例如：He asked what time it was.He told m

10、e that he was prepari ng for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3.如果賓語從句所陳述的是 客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scie ntists have proved that the earth turns around the sun自我檢測1. Your T-shir

11、t is so cool. Could you tell me?2. A. where you buy itB. where do you buy it3. C. where you bought itD. where did you buy it4. 2.Excuse me .Could you tell meI can get to the Space Museum?5. -Of course. You can take bus No.1.6. A. WhereB. howC. ifD. Why3. Tommy, do you know if Frankto the zoo this Su

12、n day if it?Sorry, I have no idea.A.will go; is fineB. goes; is fineC. will go; is going to be fineD. goes; will be fine4. Our teacher told us the sunin the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. Rises范例如何用英文寫勸說信在具體寫作中要注意下列幾點：1 話題的提出要開門見山，不要拖泥帶水；2 正反對比論據要正確，條理要清楚，語言應準確、精煉;3 作者的觀點必須鮮明，不能模棱兩可；4. 議論文的主體時態(tài)多用一般現(xiàn)

13、在時；5盡量避免同一單詞、句型的重復使用，多采用同義詞、相似結構以使表 達多樣化。積累1常用句式 I am writi ng to express my views concernin g. I don't think it is a very good way to.For example, .Worst of all， . In my opinion，it is wrong to. As far as I am concerned we should. The main disadvantages of.are as follows.First.;.Second.;Third. ；

14、 Finally. I would very much like to advise you to.萬能2寫作模板Dear，rm writing to 寫信目的.I don't think it is 自己觀點.To beg in with，they will 分析危害 / 缺點,.In addition， .worse still， .Therefore, I strongly hope that建議內容,.I具體建議.Looki ng forward to.Yours，XXX演練3實戰(zhàn)提升假設你是李萍，你的筆友王強最近沉迷于電腦游戲而不能自拔， 嚴重影響了 學習和身心健康。請你給他

15、寫一封信勸說他戒掉這一不良習慣， 并對他的學習生 活給出自己的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2. 可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第1步思路一一分析透徹是前提本篇作文可以從以下幾個方面入手:1. 作者首先要陳述自己的擔憂；2. 指出沉迷于電腦游戲的危害；3. 表達作者的希望并提出建議。第2步詞匯一一必用詞匯是關鍵1. 迷上/沉迷于2. 首先3. 此外4. 暴力5. 脫離；放棄6開闊某人的眼界7. 對有害【答案】1.be addicted to 2.to begin with/first/first of all3 . in additi on /what's more/besides4

16、.viole nee5.break away from6. expand/broaden/widen one's horizons 7.do harm to/be harmful to第3步句式一一熟練翻譯是根本|1. 人們普遍認為電腦游戲有趣而且能激發(fā)想象力。computer games are in teresti ng and can in spire our imagi nati on.2. 更糟糕的是，一些游戲充滿暴力，這對你的心理健康會造成危害。, some games are full of violenee, will be harmful to your men ta

17、l health.3. 越早越好。The4. 為了有意義的生活，你可以多讀些好書，多鍛煉或參加一些社會活動來 開闊你的眼界。a meaningful life，you can read more good books，take more exercise to build you up orsomesocial activities to broade nyour horiz ons.【答案】I.It's gen erally believed that 2.Worse stil； which3. earlier，the better 4.ln order to live; parti

18、cipate in第4步成文一一連句成篇是目的【參考范文】Dear Wang Qiangrm writing to express my views about your addicting to computer games.Although it's gen erally believed that computer games are in terest ing and can in spire our imag in ati on，yet if you abuse them, they will be harmful to you in many ways.To beg in wi