英語考證練習1

1、新版大副英語考證練習新版大副英語考證練習一一 English Exercises for chief officers 潘盛洪編潘盛洪編1. 航海儀器1. ECDIS operates _.A. electronicallyB. automaticallyC. hydraulicallyD. globally全球地 ECDIS：electronic chart display and information system2. As compared with與比較 paper charts, the navigational workload can be considerably相當大地 r

2、educed by using _.A. ECDISB. AISC. LRITD. VDRAIS：automatic identification systemLRIT：long range identification and tracking system VDR：voyage data recorder3. All the following equipment is used to identify識別 the position of the vessel in distress except _.A. AISB. LRITC. VDRD. GPSGPS: global positio

3、ning system4. Every _ shall be fitted with配備 an automatic identification識別 system.A. cargo vesselB. passenger shipC. tugD. launch游艇 SOLAS公約規(guī)定：所有從事國際航行的300總噸和以上船舶、非從事國際航行的500總噸和以上的貨船、所有客船都應配備自動識別系統(tǒng)。5. This Circular通告 gives guidance指導 on the design設計 of ship security alert system provided to comply wi

4、th遵守 the _ regulation.A. ISMB. STCWC. COLREGD. SOLASSSAS是國際船舶和港口設施保安規(guī)則中設施，屬于2002年SOLAS公約修正案。COLREG: collision regulation 6. Which of the following statements is right?A. SSAS should be to達到 an internationally agreed 協(xié)議standardB. SSAS shall conform to符合 any particular format 格式 for all shipsC. SSAS g

5、enerates發(fā)出 any audio or visual聲光 alarms so as to以便于 alert others on board to take measures采取措施D. The operation of the ship security alert system should not impair妨礙 the functionality工作 of the GMDSS installation ISPS規(guī)則規(guī)定：一旦船舶受到海盜或恐怖分子攻擊，船舶應啟動SSAS向船旗國政府和船東報警，但不能在船內發(fā)出聲光警報。SSAS報警程序應符合本船主管機構的要求，最好應由本船的特色

6、而不要求所有船舶的一致性。7. Radar makes it possible and much safer for us to sail _.A. in dense fog 濃霧 B. in boisterous狂暴的 weather C. in the open sea 公海 D. in rivers 8. Apparent wind speed視風速blowing across刮過 a vessel under tow拖帶下 can be measured by a(n)_. A. barometer氣壓表 B. wind vane 風向標 C. anemometer風速儀D. ther

7、mometer溫度計真風是空氣相對于地面的水平運動。由船舶自身運動產生的風叫船風。船風的風向與船舶的真航向一致。在航行中的船由駕駛員所觀測到的風，不是真風，而是真風與船風的合成風，稱為視風。風標測視風方向。風速儀測視風速度視風真風船風9. My radar is not working. I require shorebased radar assistance. Is shorebased radar assistance _? A. used B. available 存在并可使用 C. in use D. can be used 10. Radar makes the most accu

8、rate精確的 determination判斷 of the _. A. direction of a target 物標 B. distance to a target C. size of a target D. shape of a target 航海雷達主要作用是測量物標距離和分辨率。根據雷達工作原理：為了測定目標的距離，雷達準確測量從電磁波發(fā)射時刻到接收到回波時刻的延遲時間，這個延遲時間是電磁波從發(fā)射機到目標，再由目標返回雷達接收機的傳播時間。11. Before switching on gyro-compass, you should make sure that the pow

9、er supply on board is _ A. high or low B. AC or DC C. strong or weak D. on or off 一般情況下，電力是穩(wěn)定的，所以要檢查的是交流電還是直流電。12. A wind vane風向標on a moving vessel shows _ A. dead reckoning航跡推算 wind direction B. true wind direction C. apparent wind視風direction D. estimated wind direction 真風是空氣相對于地面的水平運動。由船舶自身運動產生的風叫

10、船風。船風的風向與船舶的真航向一致。在航行中的船由駕駛員所觀測到的風，不是真風，而是真風與船風的合成風，稱為視風。13. Barometer readings in weather reports are given in terms of有關 pressure at _ A. sea level海平面 B. China Sea C. the weather station氣象站 D. the broadcasting station廣播站 這是海上氣象報告，所以氣象報告中的氣壓或等壓線是指海平面氣壓。氣壓隨著高度的增加而迅速遞減。14. There is something wrong wi

11、th our radar. All kinds of objects cant be clearly within the definite range _ A. shown B. expressed 表達 C. appeared D. displayed 顯示注意：選項作為謂語動詞使用。15. VHF Radio is one of the very important navigational instruments on board, _messages can be sent A. by which B. through which C. by that D. through that

12、 這是非限定性定語從句，用逗號隔開，先行代詞用which。16. Vessels in port may use _ for receiving typhoon warnings during the typhoon season. A. their transmitters B. their receivers C. their radars D. their lorans勞蘭一般來說，NAVTEX 站廣播MSI信息（包括航行警告）給遠洋船舶，如果是僅限于港區(qū)范圍內的航行警告，只通過VHF進行發(fā)送。發(fā)送頻道由港口當局指定。在海上VHF Ch 6用于船對船安全通信。 17. No damage

13、 of any kind _ aids to navigation or navigation facilities. A. should be done to B. should not be done to C. must be done with D. must not be done with注意習慣用法：damage to sth18. Deviation自差of the magnetic compass can be obtained得到 by means of _ A. taking bearings of the sun B. comparison比較with the gyro

14、-compass C. reciprocal bearings反方位角D. A+B+C 羅經差的測定有下列幾種方法：利用陸標測定羅經差；觀測天體求羅經差；通過比對電羅經測得羅經差。反方位角定義：反方位角為原方位角加(減)180 度所得之水平夾角。19. A Doppler log多普勒計程儀in the volume reverberation mode體積混響/水聲模式indicates _ A. speed being made good B. speed through the water C. the set of the current D. the depth of the wat

15、er 多普勒計程儀是根據多普勒效應進行測速和累計航程的水聲導航設備。在船舶航行時，在船底安裝的收發(fā)兼用的換能器向海底發(fā)射超聲波脈沖，然后海底反射該聲波被換能器接收，由于船舶在移動，所以發(fā)射頻率與反射頻率不同，計程儀利用頻率差測算航速和航程。多普勒計程儀采用體積混響模式是相對于水的速度。多普勒計程儀采用水底回聲模式是相對于地面的速度。20. A radar display in which North is always at the top of the screen is a(n) _ A. unstabilized不穩(wěn)定display B. stabilized display C. co

16、mposition合成display D. relative display 雷達顯示方式根據圖像的指向方式，又可分為船首向上相對方位、船首向上真方位、真北向上和航向向上。船首向上顯示：船首在風浪中偏蕩時，目標回波左右搖晃，回波模糊；真北向上顯示：船首在風浪中偏蕩時，船首線隨船首轉動，目標回波保持穩(wěn)定清晰。21. The principal purpose of adjustment of the magnetic compass is to eliminate消除 _as far as possible. A. variation磁差 B. compass error C. deviatio

17、n自差 D. earths magnetic force磁引力 磁差是自然現象，無法通過人工消除。22. Radar is not only to obtain _ but also to measure their distance away from you. A. brightness亮度 of objects B. color of targets C. shape of targets D. bearing of objects 雷達的主要功能：測量與物標之間距離，測出與物標之間的方位角。23. Compass deviation is caused by _ A. magnetis

18、m磁力from the earths magnetic field 磁場 B. misalignment失中 of the compass C. magnetism within the vessel D. a dirty compass housing羅經自差是由于鋼鐵船體和船舶金屬設備儀器產生的磁場造成。24. Error may be introduced into引入 a magnetic compass by _ A. making a structural change to the vessel B. a short circuit短路 near the compass C. b

19、elt buckles帶扣D. All of the above 這是指磁羅經的自差，是由船舶的鋼結構、船舶設備等引起。25. Combustible gas indicators measure the presence存在 of combustible gas as a percentage百分比 of the _ A. flash point閃點 B. upper explosive limit C. lower explosive limit爆炸下限D. fire point燃點 爆炸上限：空氣中可燃氣體過多，而氧氣過少，不會爆炸。爆炸下限：空氣中可燃氣體過少，而氧氣過多，不會爆炸。2

20、6. _ should be used during the poor visibility if the radars screen屏幕shows heavy嚴重的 sea returns海浪回波. A. Gain Control 增益控制 B. Brilliant亮度 Control C. Anti-clutter Sea Control海浪抑制D. Sweep Intercept 掃描截取海浪抑制器是通過降低雷達接收器的靈敏度從而減少或消除因海浪的作用產生的回波。27. The correct method of switching off a marine radar is to tu

21、rn power switch to _ position first, then to _ position. A. off / standby B. standby / off C. standby / close D. close / standby為了保護雷達顯示器強光燈，關閉雷達電源前，用風扇冷卻燈泡，然后再關閉電源。28. Compass error is equal to the _ A. Deviation自差 minus減去 variation磁差 B. variation plus加 compass course C. combined組合 variation and de

22、viation D. difference between true and magnetic heading艏向 羅經差是羅經磁差與羅經自差之和。29. If _ is shut down for an extended較長的 time optimum最佳的position fixing will take花費 up to 2 hours after power is reapplied重新開啟. A. radar B. DF C. Satellite Navigator衛(wèi)星導航儀D. Automatic Omega Navigator 衛(wèi)星導航儀就是“全球衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)”。主要采用最新GPS

23、技術在導航通訊領域的最新應用系統(tǒng)。它可以跟蹤鎖住4顆以上的衛(wèi)星，這時，接收機可按衛(wèi)星的星座分布分成若干組，每組4顆，然后通過算法挑選出誤差最小的一組用作定位，從而提高精度。啟動GPS后，要跟蹤鎖定衛(wèi)星并得出最佳船位，需要一定時間。30. An anemometer風速計on a moving vessel measures _ A. apparent wind speed only B. true wind speed and true wind direction C. true wind speed only D. apparent wind speed and true wind dir

24、ection風標測視風方向，風速儀測視風速度。參見第78題 31. It may be found that in certain circumstances Radar Beacon can cause unwanted interference particularly _ A. at close range B. at end on situation C. at head on situation對遇局面D. at crossing situation交叉相遇局面雷達應答信標（ Racon）發(fā)射的信號很強，為了避免發(fā)射的編碼信號遮蔽其他雷達回波，通常以預定的周期開啟和關閉。在近距離，經

25、常會觀測到Racon的間接假回波。 Racon設計有旁瓣抑制，但也有時候能夠觀測到Racon的旁瓣干擾。32. AREAS WHICH CANNOT BE SCANNED掃描BY THE RADAR OF THE VESSEL BECAUSE THEY ARE SHIELDED遮蔽BY PARTS OF ITS SUPERSTRUCTURE建筑物, MASTS, ETC means _ A. Blind sectors扇型盲區(qū)B. Sheltered area C. Unseen area D. Unscanable Area 33. A combustible gas indicator m

26、eter is calibrated被校正 to read the percentage百分比 of _ A. vapor to oxygen氣體與氧氣之比 B. the flammable limit concentration濃度C. the autoignition自燃 concentration. D. the lower explosive limit爆炸下限 concentration爆炸上限：空氣中可燃氣體過多，而氧氣過少，不會爆炸。爆炸下限：空氣中可燃氣體過少，而氧氣過多，不會爆炸。在船員進入艙室內進行工作前，我們需要在艙內測可燃氣體濃度是否引起爆炸，所以所測的是爆炸下限的濃度

27、，如果超過這個濃度，則表明這個艙室是不安全的。 34. The common way to obtain your ships position is _ A. keeping a close watch and lookout B. taking a radar range and bearing C. observing觀察 a radar target and listening to signals D. keeping a well clear caution 船舶定位方法主要分兩大類：航跡推算和觀測定位。觀測定位又分：陸標定位、天文定位和電子定位三類。利用雷達觀測陸標從而確定船舶位

28、置是近海域航行船舶常用的定位方法。35. All VHF marine band頻段 radios operate in the simplex mode單工模式, which means that _ A. only one person may talk at a time B. only two persons may talk at the same time C. the radio only transmits D. the radio only receives 單工是指通信雙方在一條線路上交替進行收、發(fā)，可用一個或兩個頻率。發(fā)時不收，收時不發(fā)。雙工是指通信雙方在一條線路上同時進

29、行收、發(fā)，必須用兩個頻率。36. A FICTIVE LINE虛擬線 DISPLAYED ON THE RADAR SCREEN SEPARATING THE FAIRWAY FOR INBOUND AND OUTBOUND VESSELS SO THAT THEY CAN SAFELY PASS EACH OTHER defines _ A. Separated line B. Divided line C. Reference line 參照線 D. Segregated line 37. Gyrocompass repeaters 電羅經復示器 reproduce 復制 the indi

30、cations of the master gyrocompass 主羅經. They are _ A. accurate準確 only in the Polar regions兩極區(qū) 域 B. accurate electronic servomechanisms伺服機構 C. hand operated D. accurate only if the vessel is underway 伺服機構(servomechanism)系指經由閉回路控制方式達到一個機械系統(tǒng)位置、速度、或加速度控制的系統(tǒng)。38. Which information must automatic identifica

31、tion systems (AlS) automatically provide to appropriately equipped相應配備設備的 shore stations, vessels and aircraft? _ A. Vessels type B. Vessels course C. Navigational status狀態(tài) D. All of the above 船舶自動識別系統(tǒng)由岸基（基站）設施和船載設備共同組成，是一種新型的集網絡技術、現代通訊技術、計算機技術、電子信息顯示技術為一體的數字助航系統(tǒng)和設備。船舶自動識別系統(tǒng)配合全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）將船位、船速、改變航向率

32、及航向等船舶動態(tài)結合船名、呼號、吃水及危險貨物等船舶靜態(tài)資料由甚高頻（VHF）頻道向附近水域船舶及岸臺廣播，使鄰近船舶及岸臺能及時掌握附近海面所有船舶之動靜態(tài)資訊，得以立刻互相通話協(xié)調，采取必要避讓行動，對船舶安全有很大幫助。39. It may be found that, in certain某種 circumstances情況, radar beacon emissions發(fā)射 can cause _with the normal radar display, particularly at close range. A. unwanted不需要 interference干擾 B. un

33、expected不期望 figures數字 C. abnormal data D. unwanted information 雷達應答信標（ Racon）發(fā)射的信號很強，為了避免發(fā)射的編碼信號遮蔽其他雷達回波，通常以預定的周期開啟和關閉。在近距離，經常會觀測到Racon的間接假回波。 Racon設計有旁瓣抑制，但也有時候能夠觀測到Racon的旁瓣干擾。參見第1010題40. You are using a radar in which your own ship is shown at the center, and the heading flash船首線雷達標志always points

34、to 00. If bearings are measured in relation to相對與the flash, what type of bearings are produced? _ A. Relative B. True C. Compass D. Magnetic 船用雷達雷達的顯示方式按代表本船的掃描中心在 屏上的運動形式可分為兩種：相對運動顯示方 式和真運動顯示方式。相對運動顯示方 式: 掃描中心代表本船位置在屏上不動，船首線代表 本船船首方向，顯示周圍運動物標相對于本船的 運動狀態(tài)，固定物標則與本船等速反向運動。41. If a magnetic compass is n

35、ot affected by any magnetic field other than除了之外 the Earths, which statement is TRUE? _ A. Compass error and variation are equal B. Compass north will be true north. C. Variation will equal deviation D. There will be no compass error 磁差和自差的代數和就是磁羅經的誤差，也是真北與羅經北之間的夾角。42. In order to insure確信 that a RA

36、CON signal is displayed on the radar, you should _ A. increase the brilliance亮度 of the PPI scope顯 示器 B. turn off the interference controls on the radar C. use the maximum available range setting設定 D. increase the radar signal output雷達應答信標（ Racon）發(fā)射的信號很強，為了避免發(fā)射的編碼信號遮蔽其他雷達回波，通常以預定的周期開啟和關閉。在近距離，經常會觀測到R

37、acon的間接假回波。 Racon設計有旁瓣抑制，但也有時候能夠觀測到Racon的旁瓣干擾。 43. If the compass heading and the magnetic heading are the same then _ A. the deviation has been offset抵消 by the variation B. there is something wrong with the compass C. the compass is being influenced by nearby metals D. there is no deviation on that

38、 heading 磁艏向是帶有磁差的艏向，羅經艏向通常帶有自差，如果與磁艏向相同，則表明羅經已沒有自差。44. You have another ship overtaking you close aboard to starboard. You have 3 radar targets bearing 0900 relative at ranges of 0.5 mile, 1 mile, and 1.5 miles. In this case, the unwanted echoes are called _ A. multiple echoes多重回波B. spoking輻波/頻閃效應C

39、. indirect echoes間接回波D. side-lobe echoes旁瓣回波船用導航雷達中的多重回波現象不正常。多重回波會產生干擾現象，造成回波信號的混沌。本題考詞匯： multiple echoes45. A radar contact雷達捕捉/雷達物標will remain stationary靜止 on a relative motion radar display only when it is_ A. on the same course as your vessel B. in the same speed as your vessel C. on the same c

40、ourse and speed as your vessel D. on a reciprocal相反的 course at the same speed as your vessel 46. Coral atolls珊瑚環(huán)礁, or a chain of islands島鏈 at right angles to與成直角 the radar beam波束, may show as a long line rather than而不是as individual targets due to _ A. the effects of beam width波寬 B. limitations on ra

41、nge resolution距離分辨能力C. the pulse length脈沖長度 of the radar D. the multiple多個-target resolution factor 在天線方向圖上，兩個半功率點方向的夾角，稱為波束寬度。波束寬度與分辨率成反比，即波束寬度越小，定向角度的分辨率越高，探測精度越高。47. Your radar is set on a true motion display真運動顯示模式. Which of the following will NOT appear to move across the PPl scope? _ A. Echoes

42、回波 from a buoy B. Own ships marker標志 C. Echo from a ship on the same course at the same speed D. Echo from a ship on a reciprocal course at the same speed 真北向上真運動顯示真運動顯示方式：掃描中心在屏上按計程儀或模擬計程儀送 來的速度沿著船首線方向(航向)移動。掃描中心的正上方代表真北，船首線指航 向(一般應看羅經復示器指示值)，本船轉向時， 船首線移動，其他物標不動。屏上其他運動物標按它們各自的航向、航 速移動，固定物標則在屏上不動。48

43、. In order to insure that the Racon signal is visible可見的 on your 3 cm radar, the_ A. 10 cm radar should be placed on standby or turned off B. gain增益 control should be turned to maximum C. radar should be stabilized, head up船首向上 D. rain clutter control海浪抑制器should be off but, if necessary, may be on l

44、ow 雷達應答信標（ Racon）發(fā)射的信號很強，為了避免發(fā)射的編碼信號遮蔽其他雷達回波，通常以預定的周期開啟和關閉。在近距離，經常會觀測到Racon的間接假回波。 Racon設計有旁瓣抑制，但也有時候能夠觀測到Racon的旁瓣干擾。海浪抑制器是通過降低雷達接收器的靈敏度從而減少或消除因海浪的作用產生的回波。49. A navigator fixing a vessels position by radar _ A. should never use radar bearings B. should only use radar bearings when the range exceeds

45、the distance to the horizon海平線 C. can use radar information from one object物標 to fix the position D. must use information from targets forward of the beam 雷達定位主要測量目標的距離和角度。通過測量發(fā)射信號和目標反射的回波信號之間的時間差，將時間差除以2，再乘以光速，就可以得到目標到雷達的距離。目標相對雷達來說，來自哪個方向，主要測仰角和方位角，主要是通過雷達天線的方向性實現的，雷達發(fā)射的波束像探照燈的光柱一樣，窄窄的，方向性很強，照到哪個方

46、向上看有沒有目標的回波，沒有就換個方向，有的話就記下角度，所以雷達天線在不停的換方向、掃描，以實現大空域的探測覆蓋。有了距離和角度，就可以知道目標相對雷達位置，從而實現定位。50. _is designed to raise the alarm報警 ashore in reaction to回應 security threats威脅 or security incidents事件 by notifying the flag State船旗國 of the ship without alerting ships or coastal States in the vicinity附近 or giv

47、ing any indication on board. A. Manual手動 alarming system B. Ship Security Alert System C. Automatic alarming system D. Integrated綜合 alarming system 51. Which general statement concerning radar is FALSE?_ A. Raising the antenna height天線高度 increases the radar range. B. The ability of radar to detect o

48、bjects is unaffected by weather conditions. C. Radar bearings are less accurate than radar ranges. D. Radar should be checked regularly during clear weather to ensure that it is operating properly. 52. Which statement is true concerning a vessel equipped with operational radar?_ A. The Master of the

49、 vessel must be on the bridge when the radar is in use. B. The radar equipment is only required to be used in restricted visibility能見度受限. C The use of a radar excuses免除 a vessel from the need of a look-out瞭望者. D. This equipment must be used to obtain獲得 early warning of risk of collision. 53. You hav

50、e been observing觀察 your radar screen and notice that a contact物標點on the screen has remained in the same position, relative to you, for several minutes. Your vessel is making 10 knots through the water. Which statement is TRUE?_ A. The contact is dead in the water. B. The contact is on the same cours

51、e and speed as your vessel. C. The contact is on a reciprocal相反的 course at the same speed as your vessel. D. The radar is showing false echoes回波 and is probably可能 defective故障. 物標點與你船相對位置不變，說明物標點與你船航行方向、速度相同。54. _20 targets can be tracked跟蹤 at one time. When maximum tracking capacity is reached, no f

52、urther acquisitions捕獲 are possible. A. As many as B. So many as C. As much as D. As more as 55. The VDR system is designed to operate _ once it is set up correctly. There is no user interaction相互影響.A. automaticallyB. accurately準確地C. promptly迅速地D. conspicuously明顯地56. _ is not an alarm報警點 required by

53、IMO standards to be available on the ECDIS.A. Deviation from偏離 a planned route航線B. Approach to waypoints航路點 and other critical重要的 pointsC. Light house detectingD. Larger scale大比例 chart available57. ECDIS must be able to perform進行 all of the following EXCEPT _.A. determining true bearing and distance

54、 between two geographical地理的 pointsB. determining magnetic compass deviationC. transforming轉換 a local datum地方基準點 to the WGS-84 datumD. converting轉換 “graphical coordinates地理坐 標” to “display coordinates”WGS-84 ：World Geodetic System 1984，是為GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)使用而建立的坐標系統(tǒng)。58. Electronic Chart Display and Informati

55、on System can assist the mariner in _.A. voyage planB. stability穩(wěn)性 calculate計算C. calculate ETAD. monitor監(jiān)測 strength強度59. Electronic Chart Display and Information System can assist the mariner in route planning and route monitoring, and if required display additional _ related有關 information.A. speedB

56、. ship buildingC. ship repairD. navigation60. Global navigation satellite system is _.A. Autonomous自動 geo-spatial地理空間 positioning定位B. passive無源的 geo-spatial positioningC. electronic navigational chartD. electronic chart display61. Should如果 two vessels collide, which one will play the top important r

57、ole in assign確定 liability責任? _.A. AISB. VDRC. ECDISD. GPS如果 should 開頭句子結尾沒有問號?， 則是一個虛擬句條件句，中文意義等同于if。62. For seeking the cause for one aground accident while coast sailing, which one doesnt need to be referred to參考? _.A. SSASB. VDRC. ECDISD. Route planSSAS：Ship Security Alert System63. Under threat威

58、脅, ship master should activate啟動 SSAS system and send a message to _.A. nearby coast stationB. preset預設定 flag administration船旗國 主管機構C. crew manning company勞務公司D. charterer租船人 and sub-charterer轉租 人保安報警系統(tǒng)由于是在緊急情況下啟動，所以報警信息都是預輸入，包括船舶識別號、報警對象等。64. Ship master activates SSAS in emergency, this will produ

59、ce _ automatically.A. visual燈光 alarmB. audio聲音 alarmC. audio/visual alarmD. none of the above65. ECDIS will _ the paper-based chart in the near future.A. supersede取代B. replaceC. substitute代替D. coexist共存由于ECDIS必須使用電源、網絡，所以必須保留紙面海圖以防不測，就如船舶使用電羅經，但保留磁羅經一樣。66. SSAS can generate發(fā)出 security alert to _.A.

60、any flag administrationB. preset flag administrationC. nearby coast stationD. nearby contract parties參見第63題。67. ECDIS should be capable of能夠 _ all chart information necessary for safe and efficient navigation originated.A. exhibiting展示B. existing存在C. showingD. displaying顯示屏顯示通常用display表示。68. Compare