公路工程專業(yè)詞匯翻譯(漢英)

1、公路工程名詞術(shù)語 JTJ002-87 中英文對照表公路 highway道路 road公路工程 highway engineering公路網(wǎng) highway network公路網(wǎng)密度 highway density公路等級 highway classification公路自然區(qū)劃 climatic zoning for highway公路用地 highway right-of-way高速公路 freeway等級公路 classified highway輔導(dǎo) relief road干線公路 arterial highway支線公路 feeder highway專用公路 accomodation h

2、ighway國家干線公路(國道) national trunk highway省級干線公路(省道) provincial trunk highway縣公路(縣道) county road鄉(xiāng)公路(鄉(xiāng)道) township road輻射式公路 radial highway環(huán)形公路 ring highway繞行公路 bypass交通結(jié)構(gòu) traffic structure交通組成 traffic composition混合交通 mixed traffic交通流 traffic flow 交通流理論 traffic flow theory車流 vehicle stream交通密度 traffic de

3、nsity車頭間距 space headway車頭時距 time headway車間凈距 vehicular gap延誤 delay地點速度 spot speed行駛速度 running speed運行速度 poerating speed臨界速度 critical speed平均速度 average speed計算行車速度(設(shè)計車速) design speed交通量 traffic volume年平均日交通量 annual average daily traffic月平均日交通量 monthly average daily traffic年第30位最大小時交通量 thirtieth highe

4、st annual hourly volume年最大小時交通量 maximum annual hourly設(shè)計小時交通量 design hourly volume通行能力 traffic capacity基本通行能力 basic traffic capacity可能通行能力 possible traffic capacity設(shè)計通行能力 design traffic capacity道路服務(wù)水平 level of service公路交通規(guī)劃 traffic planning交通調(diào)查 traffic survey交通量調(diào)查 traffic volume survey交通量觀測站 traffic

5、volume observation station 起迄點調(diào)查(OD調(diào)查) origin-destination study出行 trip境內(nèi)交通 local traffic過境交通 through traffic交通發(fā)生 traffic generation交通分布 traffic distribution交通分配 traffic assignment交通預(yù)測 traffic prognosis行車道 carriageway分離式行車道 divided carriageway車道 lane變速車道 speed-change lane加速車道 acceleration lane減速車道 de

6、celeration lane爬坡車道 climbing lane停車道 parking lane錯車道 turn-out lane自行車道 cycle path 路側(cè)人行道 sidewalk分隔帶 lane seperator中央分隔帶 median divider中間帶 central strip路肩 shoulder;verge路緣帶 marginal strip路緣石 kerb;curb側(cè)向余寬 lateral clearance路拱 camber;crown路拱橫坡 crown slope公路建筑限界 clearance of highway公路路線 highway route公路線

7、形 highway alignment平面線形 horizontal alignment縱面線形 vertical alignment線形要素 alignment elements平曲線 horizontal curve極限最小平曲線半徑 limited minimum radius of horizontal curve復(fù)曲線 compound curve反向曲線 reverse curve斷背曲線 broken-back curve回頭曲線 switch-back curve緩和曲線 transition curve豎曲線 vertical curve彎道加寬 curve widening

8、加寬緩和段 transition zone of curve超高 superelevation超高緩和段 supere levation runoff縱坡 longitudinal gradient最大縱坡 maximum longitudinal gradient最小縱坡 minimum ongitudinal gradient變坡點 grade change point平均縱坡 average gradiant坡長限制 grade length limitation高原縱坡拆減 highland grade compensation緩和坡段 transition grading zone合

9、成坡度 resultant gradent視距 sight distance停車視距 non-passing sight distance;stopping sight distance超車視距 passing sight distance道路交叉 road intersection;道口 railroad grade crossing平面交叉 at-grade intersection ;grade crossing正交叉 right-angle intersection斜交叉 skew intersection環(huán)形交叉 rotary intersection十字形交叉 “+”interse

10、ctionT形交叉 T intersection錯位交叉 offset intersection;staggered junctionY形交叉 Y intersection立體交叉 grade separation分離式立體交叉 simple grade separation,separate grade crossing互通式立體交叉 interchange首蓿葉形立體交叉 full cloverleaf interchange部分首蓿葉形立體交叉 cloverleaf interchange菱形立體交叉 diamond interchange定向式立體交叉 directional inte

11、rchange喇叭形立體交叉 three-leg interchange環(huán)形立體交叉 rotary interchange匝道 ramp交叉口 road crossing; intersection交叉口進口 intersection entrance交叉口出口 intersection exit加鋪轉(zhuǎn)角式交叉口 intersection with widened corners拓寬路口式交叉口 flared intersection 分道轉(zhuǎn)彎式交叉口 channelized intersection渠化交通 channelization交織 weaving交織路段 weaving secti

12、on合流 converging分流 diverging沖突點 conflict point交通島 traffic island導(dǎo)流島 channe lization island中心島 central island安全島 refuge island沿線設(shè)施 roadside facilities交通安全設(shè)施 traffic safety device人行橫道 crosswalk人形地道 pedestrian underpass人形天橋 pedestrian overcrossing護欄 guard fence防護柵 guard fence,safety barrier遮光柵 anti-dizz

13、ling screen應(yīng)急電話 emergency telephone反光標志 reflective sign反光路鈕 reflective button彎道反光鏡 traffic mirror道路交通標志 road traffic sign警告標志 warning sign禁令標志 regulatory sign指示標志 guide sign指路標志 information sign輔助標志 auxiliary sign可變信息標志 changeable message sign路面標線 pavement marking防雪設(shè)施 snow protection facilities防沙設(shè)施

14、sands protection facilities隔音墻 acoustic barrier停車場 parking area踏勘 reconnaissance可行性研究 feasibility study線形設(shè)計 highway alignment design公路景觀設(shè)計 highway landscape design選線 route selection路線控制點 control point定線 location比較線 alternative line展線 line development初測 preliminary survey定測 location survey地貌 topograp

15、hie fcature地物 culture地形 topography臺地 terrace埡口 pass; saddle back平原區(qū) plain terrain微丘區(qū) rolling terrain重丘區(qū) hilly terrain山嶺區(qū) mountainous terrain沿溪線 valley line山脊線 ridge line山坡線 hill-side line越嶺線 ridge crossing line土方調(diào)配 cut-fill transition土方調(diào)配圖 cut-fill transition program土方調(diào)配經(jīng)濟運距 economical hauling dista

16、nce導(dǎo)線 traverse導(dǎo)線測量 traverse survey中線 center line中線測量 center line survey施工測量 construction survey竣工測量 final survey(路線)平面圖 plan交點 intersection point虛交點 imaginary intersection point轉(zhuǎn)點 turning point轉(zhuǎn)角 intersection angle方位角 azimuth angle象限角 bearing方向角 direction angle切線長 tangent length曲線長 curve length外（矢）距

17、 external secant測站 instrument station測點 observation point中樁 center stake加樁 additional stake護樁 reference stake斷鏈 broken chainage水準測量 levelling survey水準點 bench mark絕對基面 absolute datum高程 elevation地面高程 ground elevation設(shè)計高程 designed elevation(路線)縱斷面圖 profile中樁填挖高度 cut and fill at center stake地形測量 topogra

18、phic survey基線 base line地形圖 topographic map等高線 contour line橫斷面測量 cross-sectional survey橫斷面圖 cross-section坑探 pit test 鉆探 boring攝影測量 photogrammetry航空攝影測量 aerial photogrammetry地面立體攝影測量 ground stereophoto grammetry地面控制點測量 ground control-point survey航攝基線 aerophoto base 影像地圖 photographic map像片索引圖(鑲輯復(fù)照圖) ph

19、oto index航攝像片判讀 aerophoto interpretation 綜合法測圖 planimatric photo全能法測圖 universal photo 微分法測圖 differential photo像片鑲嵌圖 photo mosaic路基 subgrade路堤 embankment路塹 cutting 半填半挖式路基 part cut-partfill subgrade臺口式路基 benched subgrade路基寬度 width of subgrade路基設(shè)計高程 design elevation of subgrade（路基）最小填土高度 minimum heigh

20、t of fill邊坡 side slope邊坡坡度 grade of side slope （邊）坡頂 top of slope（邊）坡腳 toe of slope護坡道 berm邊坡平臺 plain stage of slope碎落臺 berm at the foot of cutting slope護坡 slope protection擋土墻 retaining wall重力式擋土墻 gravity retaining wall橫重式擋土墻 balance weight retaining wall 懸臂式擋土墻 cantilever retaining wall扶壁式擋土墻 count

21、erfort retaining wall柱板式擋土墻 column-plate retaining wall錨桿式擋土墻 anchored retaining wall by tie rods錨碇板式擋土墻 anchored bulkhead retaining wall石籠 rock filled gabion拋石 riprap路基排水 subgrade drainage邊溝 side ditch截水溝 intercepting ditch排水溝 drainage ditch急流槽 chute跌水 drop water蒸發(fā)池 evaporation pond盲溝 blind drain滲水

22、井 seepage well透水路堤 permeable embankment過水路面 ford填方 fill挖方 cut借土 borrow earth棄土 waste取土坑 borrow pit棄土堆 waste bank回填土 back-filling黃土 loess軟土 soft soil淤泥 mud泥沼 moor泥炭 peat鹽漬土 salty soil膨脹土 expansive soil凍土 frozen soil流砂 quicksand軟弱地基 soft ground強夯法 dynamic consolidation預(yù)壓法 preloading method 反壓護道 loadin

23、g berm砂井 sand drain路基沙墊層 sand mat of subgrade壓實 compaction壓實度 degree of compaction(標準)最大干容重 maximum dry unit weight相對密實度 relative density毛細水 capillary water土石方爆破 blasting crater拋擲爆破 blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗 blasting crater松動爆破 blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈 acting cire les of blasting路面 pave

24、ment彈性層狀體系理論 elastic multilayer theory(回彈)彎沉 deflection加州承載比(CBR) California bearing ratio(CBR)路面寬度 width of pavement路槽 road trough 剛性路面 rigid pavement柔性路面 flexible pavement路面結(jié)構(gòu)層 pavement structure layer面層 surface course磨耗層 wearing course聯(lián)結(jié)層 binder course基層 base course墊層 bed course隔水層 aquitard隔溫層 th

25、ermal insulating course封層 seal coat透層 prime coat保護層 protection course補強層 streng thening layer高級路面 high type pavement次高級路面 sub-high type pavement中級路面 intermediate type pavement低級路面 low type pavement水泥混凝土路面 cement concrete pavement瀝青路面 bituminous pavement瀝青混凝土路面 bituminous concrete pavement 瀝青碎石路面 bit

26、uminous macadam pavement瀝青貫入碎(礫)石路面 bituminous penetration pavement瀝青表面處治 bituminous surface treatment塊料路面 block pavement石塊路面 stone block pavement泥結(jié)碎石路面 clay-bound macadam pavement水結(jié)碎石路面 water-bound macadam pavement級配路面 graded aggregate pavement穩(wěn)定土基層 stabilized soil base course工業(yè)廢渣基層 industrial wast

27、e base course塊石基層 telford base層鋪法 spreading in layers拌和法 mixing method廠拌法 plant mixing method路拌法 road mixing method熱拌法 hot mixing method冷拌法 cold mixing method貫入法 penetration method鋪砌法 pitching method縮縫 contraction joint脹縫 expansion joint真縫 true joint假縫 dummy joint橫縫 transverse joint縱縫 longitudinal j

28、oint施工縫 construction joint傳力桿 dowel bar拉桿 tie bar路面平整度 surface evenness路面粗糙度 surface roughness路面摩擦系數(shù) friction coefficient of pavement附著力 adhesive force水滑現(xiàn)象 hydroplaning phenomenon 橋梁 bridge公路橋 highway bridge公鐵兩用橋 highway and rail transit bridge人形橋 pedestrian bridge跨線橋 overpass bridge高架橋 viaduct永久性橋

29、permanent bridge半永久性橋 semi-permanent bridge臨時性橋 temporary bridge鋼筋混凝土橋 reinforced concrete bridge預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋 prestressed concrete bridge鋼橋 steel bridge圬工橋 masonry bridge木橋 timber bridge正交橋 right bridge斜交橋 skew bridge彎橋 curved bridge坡橋 bridge on slope斜橋 skew bridge正橋 right bridge上承式橋 deck bridge中承式橋 half

30、-through bridge下承式橋 through bridge梁橋 beam bridge簡支梁橋 simple supported team bridge連續(xù)梁橋 continuous beam bridge懸臂梁橋 cantilever beam bridge聯(lián)合梁橋 composite beam bridge板橋 slab bridge拱橋 arch bridge雙曲拱橋 two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱橋 open spandrel arch bridge實腹拱橋 filled spandrel arch bridge系桿拱橋 bowstring arc

31、h bridge桁架橋 truss bridge鋼構(gòu)橋 rigid frame bridgeT形鋼構(gòu)橋 T-shaped rigid frame bridge連續(xù)鋼構(gòu)橋 continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿鋼構(gòu)橋 rigid frame bridge with inclined legs 斜拉橋(斜張橋) cable stayed bridge懸索橋 suspension bridge漫水橋 submersible bridge浮橋 pontoon bridge開啟橋 movable bridge裝配式橋 fabricated bridge裝拆式鋼橋 fabrica

32、ted steel bridge涵洞 culvert管涵 pipe culvert拱涵 arch culvert箱涵 box culvert蓋板涵 slab culvert無壓力式涵洞 non-pressure culvert壓力式涵洞 pressure culvert半壓力式涵洞 partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵 siphon culvert上部結(jié)構(gòu) superstructure主梁 main beam橫梁 floor beam縱梁 longitudinal beam,stringer掛梁 suspended beam拱圈 arch,ring拱上結(jié)構(gòu) spandrel

33、 structure腹拱 spandrel arch拱上側(cè)墻 spandrel wall橋面系 floor system,bridge decking橋面鋪裝 bridge deck pavement伸縮縫 expansion and contraction joint橋面伸縮裝置bridge floor expansion and contraction installation 安全帶 afety belt橋頭搭板 transition slab at bridge head下部結(jié)構(gòu) substructure橋墩 pier墩身 pier body墩帽 coping 蓋梁 bent cap破

34、冰體 ice apron重力式橋墩 gravity pier實體橋墩 solid pier空心橋墩 hollow pier柱式橋墩 column pier排架樁墩 pile bent pier柔性墩 flexible pier制動墩 braking pier單向推力墩 single direction thrusted pier橋臺 abutment臺身 abutment body前墻 front wall翼墻 wing walls臺帽 coping錐坡 conical slope耳墻 wing wallsU形橋臺 U-shaped abutment八字形橋臺 flare wing wall

35、abutment一字形橋臺 head wall abutment,straight abutment重力式橋臺 gravity abutment埋置式橋臺 buried abutment扶壁式橋臺 counterforted abutment錨錠板式橋臺 anchored bulkhead abutment支撐式橋臺 supported type abutment地基 subsoil加固地基 consolidated subsoil天然地基 natural subsoil基礎(chǔ) foundation擴大基礎(chǔ) spread foundation沉井基礎(chǔ) open caission foundati

36、on管柱基礎(chǔ) cylindrical shaft foundation樁基礎(chǔ) pile poundation樁 pile預(yù)制樁 precast pile就地灌注樁 cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦樁 friction pile支承樁 bearing pile承臺 bearing platform支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活動支座 expansion bearing索塔 cable bent tower索鞍 cable saddle調(diào)治構(gòu)造物 regulating structure丁壩 spur dike順壩 longitudinal d

37、am橋位 bridge site橋梁全長 total length of bridge主橋 main bridge引橋 approach span跨徑 span橋涵計算跨徑 computed span橋涵凈跨徑 clear span矢跨比 rise span ratio計算矢高 calculated rise of arch橋下凈空 clearance of span橋面凈空 clearance above bridge floor橋梁建筑高度 construction height of bridge荷載 load永久荷載 permanent load可變荷載 variable load偶然荷載 accidental load荷載組合 loading combinations車輛荷載標準 loading standard for design vchicle設(shè)計荷載 design load施工荷載 construction load梁 beam簡支梁 simple-supported beam連續(xù)梁 continuous beam懸臂梁 cantilever beam板 slab拱 arch桁架 truss剛構(gòu) rigid frame柱 column強度 stre