電信運營商通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)培訓

1、電電信信運營運營商商通信通信網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)概絡(luò)概覽覽6/2/20161前世、前世、今今生與演生與演進進目錄目錄全業(yè)全業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)通信通信網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)架絡(luò)架構(gòu)構(gòu)無無線線接接入入網(wǎng)絡(luò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)（移動移動通通信網(wǎng)信網(wǎng)絡(luò)絡(luò)） 有線有線接接入網(wǎng)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)絡(luò)（固（固網(wǎng)網(wǎng)語音語音寬帶寬帶） 傳送傳送網(wǎng)網(wǎng)（傳（傳輸輸網(wǎng)網(wǎng)） I IP P寬寬帶帶數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)網(wǎng)（IPIP數(shù)據(jù)承數(shù)據(jù)承載載網(wǎng)網(wǎng)） 網(wǎng)網(wǎng)管管系系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)（O OS SS S） Q Q&A&A6/2/20162電信運營商全業(yè)務(wù)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)電信運營商全業(yè)務(wù)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)（IPIP化）化）6/2/20163FixeFixed d anand d MoMob bilile e accesseacc

2、esses s integrateintegrated d f fo or r maximamaximal l seser rvicevicemobilitmobility y anand d optimizeoptimized d nenet tworwork k useuseWiMaxWiMaxM Mobobi il le e AcAcc cesess s H HSPSPA AL LT TE EF Fixixeded W Wirire elelessss A Ac cc cesess sAccessAccess接入網(wǎng)接入網(wǎng)F Fixixeded A Acccce es ss sG GPOP

3、ON NF Fixixeded L Linine ex xDSDSL LW WLALAN N6/2/20164Intelligent multi-access edge providing mobility and QoSMultMulti i AccesAccess s EdgEdge e多業(yè)務(wù)接入邊緣多業(yè)務(wù)接入邊緣IPIPs sesess sioion n c co ontntr ro ol lE Edgdge e R Rouout tining gP Pololi ic cy yC Conont trorol lD Deeeep p-p-pa ackcket et i insnsp pe

4、cect tioion nS Sececu uriritytyM Mededia ia G Gatati in ng gM Mobobi ililitytyC Chahar rgiging ng C Conont trorol lA Acccce es ss s i intnte erwrwo orkrki in ng gQ Qo oS S e enfnfo orcrce emementntS Sububs scrcri ibeber r A Ac ccecess ss M Manana agegem menent t6/2/20165Reachability for end-to-end c

5、onnectivityStandarStandard d Services/IMServices/IMS S 核心網(wǎng)電信網(wǎng)核心網(wǎng)電信網(wǎng) 絡(luò)絡(luò)業(yè)務(wù)控制業(yè)務(wù)控制M Mulult timime edidia as sesess sioion n c co ontntr ro ol lA Aututh henent ticica atitiononS Sofoft tswswi itctch hI Ideden nt ty ym manana agegem menent tP Pusush h t to o t talalk kM Mulult timime edidia a t telele eph

6、pho on ny yM Mesess sagagi in ng gP Preres senenceceIPIP a addddr resess sa allllo ocacat tioion n6/2/20166Part of Operators Multimedia OfferingServicService e LayerLayer業(yè)務(wù)網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)網(wǎng)I IPTPTV VM Mobobi il le e T TV V3 3r rd d papar rt ty y s sererv vicicesesC Cusust tomomi izezed d a appppl licica atitio o

7、n ns sH HDTDTV V V VO OD DV VoIoIP PA Advdve ertrti isisingngM Mididd dlelew warare e6/2/20167Cost per Bit Optimization with Common TransportTransporTransport t (Optica(Optical l anand d IP/EtherneIP/Ethernet t) )傳輸傳輸+I+IP P承載網(wǎng)承載網(wǎng)C Cararr rieier r E Et theher rnenet tN Nexext tGeGen n S SD DH HC CWD

8、WDM/ M/ D DWDWDM MO OT TN NM Micicr rowowa av ve eP PT TN NM Mulult ticica as st tR Rouout tining gV VP PN N6/2/20168Integrated Network and Element Mgmt SystemsEnEnd d t to o EnEnd d ManagemenManagement t網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)R Repepo ortrti in ng gF Fauaultlt M Mg gm mI Invnve entnto or ry y M Mg gm mT Troro

9、u ublble e M Mg gm mP Pererf fororm manance ce MgmMgmS Sererv vicice e M Ma ananag gememe en nt tN Netetw worork k M Ma ananag gememe en nt t6/2/201696/2/201610ProtocoProtocol l StackStacks s - - OSOSI I & & TCP/IPTCP/IPOSOSI I StackStackTCP/IPTCP/IPApplicationApplicationPresentationPresentationSess

10、ionSessionTransportTransportNetworkNetworkLinkLinkPhysicalPhysicalApplAppli icacat tioion n(HT(HTT TP P, ,FTP,Telnet)FTP,Telnet)TCP/UDPTCP/UDPIPIPNetNetw worork k a ac ccescess slayerlayer網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入層最常用的二層技術(shù)為以太網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入層最常用的二層技術(shù)為以太網(wǎng)IEEIEEE E 802.x802.x1.1.I In nt te er rn ne et tw wo or rk ki in ng g2.2.L Lo

11、og gi ic ca al Ll Li ink nk C Co on nt tr rol ol ( (L LL LC)C)3.3.C CS SMAMA C CD D4.4.T To ok ke en Bn Bu us s5.5.T To ok ke en Rn Ri ingng6.6.M Me et tr ro op po ol li it tan an A Ar re ea Na Ne et tw wo or rksks6/2/2016117.7.B Br ro oa ad db ba an nd Td Te ech ch A Ad dv vi is so or ry Gy Gr ro o

12、u up p8.8.F Fi ib be er Or Op pt ti ic Tc Te ech ch A Ad dv vi is so or ry Gy Gr ro ou up p9.9.I In nt te eg gr ra at ted ed V Vo oi ic ce e& &D Da at ta Na Ne et tw wo or rksks10.10.N Ne et tw wo ork rk S Se ec cu ur ri it ty y11.11.W Wi ir re el le es ss Ns Ne et tw wo or rksks12.12.D De em ma an

13、nd Pd Pr ri io or ri ity ty A Ac cc ce es ss Ls LA AN N s sIEEIEEE E 80802 2. .2 2IEEIEEE E 80802 2. .3 3IEEIEEE E 80802 2. .4 4 IEEIEEE E 80802 2. .5 5IEEIEEE E 80802 2. .6 6UpperUpperTranTrans spoportrtInteInter rnenet tLinkLinkPhysPhysi icacal lWhaWhat t i is s highigh h availabilitavailability y

14、 ininTelecoTelecom m networknetwork? ?-99.999%-99.999%DPMDefects per Million“High Availability”6/2/201612AvailabilityDPMDowntime Per Year (24x365)99.000%100003 Days15 Hours36 Minutes99.500%50001 Day19 Hours48 Minutes99.900%10008 Hours46 Minutes99.950%5004 Hours23 Minutes99.990%10053 Minutes99.999%10

15、5 Minutes99.9999%130 Seconds電信網(wǎng)絡(luò)對同步有嚴格要電信網(wǎng)絡(luò)對同步有嚴格要求求(3G(3G為例）為例）（信號傳輸與計費）（信號傳輸與計費）IubCNRNCNode BUEIuUu網(wǎng)絡(luò)同步網(wǎng)絡(luò)同步節(jié)點同步節(jié)點同步幀同步幀同步無線接無線接口口同步同步6/2/201613頻率同步和時間同步的區(qū)別頻率同步和時間同步的區(qū)別時間同時間同步步：兩個表每時每刻的時間都保持一致：兩個表每時每刻的時間都保持一致; ;頻率同步：兩個表的時間不一樣，保持一個恒定的差頻率同步：兩個表的時間不一樣，保持一個恒定的差6/2/201614RANRAN對同步的需求對同步的需求GSM/WCDMA采用異步

16、基站技術(shù)，此時只需要做頻率同步，精度要求0.05ppm（或者50ppb）TD-SCDMA/CDMA2000采用同步基站技術(shù)，除了頻率同步外，還需做時鐘相位同步（等效于時間同步），目前主要采用基站GPS解決6/2/201615無線制式時鐘頻率精度要求時鐘相位同步要求GSM0.05ppmNAWCDMA0.05ppmNATD-SCDMA0.05ppm 1.5usCDMA20000.05ppm1.5usWiMax FDD0.05ppmNAWiMax TDD0.05ppm1usLTE-TDD0.05ppm0.04usLTE-FDD0.05ppm4us目錄目錄 全業(yè)全業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)通信通信網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)架絡(luò)架構(gòu)構(gòu) 無無線

17、線接入接入網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)（絡(luò)（移移動通動通信信網(wǎng)絡(luò)）網(wǎng)絡(luò)） 有線有線接接入網(wǎng)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)絡(luò)（固（固網(wǎng)網(wǎng)語音語音寬帶寬帶） 傳送傳送網(wǎng)網(wǎng)（傳（傳輸輸網(wǎng)網(wǎng)） I IP P寬寬帶帶數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)網(wǎng)（IPIP數(shù)據(jù)承數(shù)據(jù)承載載網(wǎng)網(wǎng)） 網(wǎng)網(wǎng)管管系系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)（O OS SS S） Q Q&A&A6/2/201616WirelesWireless s AccessAccess6/2/2016176/2/201618ThThe e MaiMain n CellulaCellular r StandardStandards s (1/2)(1/2)YearStandardMobile Telephone SystemTech- nol

18、ogyPrimary Markets1981NMT 450Nordic Mobile TelephonyAnalogueEurope, Middle East1985TACSTotal Access Communication System AnalogueEurope and China1986NMT 900Nordic Mobile TelephonyAnalogueEurope, Middle East1991GSMGlobal System for Mobile communicationDigitalWorld-wide1991TDMA(D-AMPS) (IS136)Time Div

19、ision Multiple Access (Digital-AMPS)DigitalNorth and South America1993CdmaOne (IS95)Codedivisionmultipleaccess OneDigitalN. America, Korea1992GSM 1800Global System for Mobile communicationDigitalEurope1994PDCPersonal Digital CellularDigitalJapan1995PCS 1900Personal Communication ServicesDigitalNorth

20、 AmericaThThe e MaiMain n CellulaCellular r StandardStandards s (2/2)(2/2)YearStandardMobile Telephone SystemTechno-logyPrimary Market1999UMTS R99UMTSDigitalWorldwide2000GPRSGPRSDigitalWorldwide2001EDGEEDGEDigitalWorldwide2001GSM 800GSMDigitalNorth America2002HSDPA (R5)UMTSDigitalWorldwide2004HSPAUM

21、TSDigitalWorldwide2006GSM 450Global System for Mobile CommunicationDigitalWorldwide It can be used as fallback solution for GSM 800/900/1800/19002007HSPA EvolvedUMTSDigitalWorldwide2008LTEUMTSDigitalWorldwide6/2/2016202G-2G-G GSMSM( (GloGlobalbal SySystste em m f foror MobMobilile e) )WireWirel le e

22、s ss s A Ac cc cesess s6/2/201621GSGSM M Recommendations(ETSI)Recommendations(ETSI)SeriesContent01General02Service aspects03Network aspects04MS - BSS interface and protocol05Physical layer on the radio path06Speech coding specification07Terminal adaptor for MS08BSS - MSC interface09Network interwork

23、ing10Service interworking11Equipment and type approval specifications12Operation and maintenanceGSGSM M NetworNetwork k SysteSystem m ModeModeSGSNGGSNGMSCPSTN I S D N PLMNRBSsSDHNetworkIP BackboneOSSPCUBSC/TRCSTM/TDMBasedTransit NetworkHLRAuCEIRMMS MPSFNR ILRSDPSCPBGWSOGInternet IntranetMSC/VLR6/2/2

24、01622RangeRanges s fofor r DifferenDifferent t TypeTypes s o of f MSMS6/2/201623A A CellCell小區(qū)小區(qū)CellCell6/2/201624MSMSC C ServicService e AreaAreacell 6cell 1 cell 5cell 4 cell 2 cell 3MSCLA16/2/201625LA3LA5LA4VLRRelatioRelation n BetweeBetween n AreaAreas s i in n GSMGSMGSGSM M SeSer rvicvice e Are

25、Area aPLMPLMN N S Se ervicrvice e AreArea a (on(one e p pe er r opope eratorrator) )MSMSC C SeSer rvicvice e AreArea a LocatiLocatio on n ArAre ea a CellCell6/2/201626LEGENDMSC BoundaryBSC Boundary PCM Links Base StationPSTNPSTNMSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 2 2MSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 1 1MSC/

26、VLRMSC/VLR 2 2BSCBSC 1C1CBSCBSC 2B2BBSCBSC 1A1ABSCBSC 2A2ABSCBSC 2C2CBSCBSC 1B1BHLRHLREIREIRAUCAUCGMSCGMSCMSC/VLRMSC/VLR 1 1NetworNetwork k HardwarHardware e ExamplExample e ViewView6/2/201627NetwNetwo or rk k LoLog gi icacal l E Ex xamplample e Vie View wLALA 1-B1-BLALA 1-A1-ALALA 2-D2-DLALA 2-A2-A

27、CellCell 2-A-252-A-25LALA 2-B2-BLEGENDMSC Boundary BSC Boundary PCM Links Base StationLALA 2-C2-CHLRHLRMSC/VLMSC/VLR 1R 1MSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 2 2MSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 1 1MSC/VLRMSC/VLR 2 26/2/201628RoamingRoaming漫游漫游MSC/ VLRMSC/ VLRLA 1LA 2HPLMNHPLMN6/2/201629VPLMNVPLMNUplinUplink

28、 k anand d DownlinDownlink k o on n a a RadiRadio o ChannelChannelUPLINK6/2/201630DOWNLINK雙工的通信模式雙工的通信模式FDD/TDDFDD/TDD F FD DD D的雙向的雙向通通道道，是兩個頻段，所以叫做頻分雙頻分雙工工，F(xiàn)DD模式的特點是 上下行頻率分離在兩個對稱頻率信道上，系統(tǒng)進行接收和傳送，用保 護頻段來分離接收和傳送信道。T TD DD D的雙向的雙向通通道道在同一個頻點上，但一個時段接收，下一個時段發(fā)出， 所以叫做時時分分雙雙工工，速度越快，衰落變換頻率越高，衰落深度越深， 因此必須要求移動

29、速度不能太高。6/2/201631GSGSM M FDFDD D DupleDuplex x DistanceDistanceMHz 890Duplex Distance (45 MHz)960915935Bandwidth (2 x 25 MHz)6/2/201632UplinkDownlinkGSGSM M FrequencFrequency y BandsBandsGSM 450GSM 450(450.4 457.6 and 460.4- 467.6),Totally7 MHz(478.8 486.0 and488.8 496.0) Nottargeted at this timeGSM

30、 800GSM 800(824-849 and 869-894), Totally 25 MHzGHzGHzGSM 900GSM 1800GSM 1900GSM8000.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0E-bandGSM 450( (P-P-) ) G GSMSM 9 90 00 0(890-915 and 935-960), Totally 25 MHzE E-G-GSMSM 9 90 00 0(880-915 and 925-960), Totally 35 MHzG GS SM M 18180000 (1710-1785

31、and 1805-1880), Totally75 MHzG GS SM M 19190000 (1850-1910 and 1930-1990), Total3l3y60 MHz6/2/2016CarrieCarrier r SeparationSeparationCarrier Separation (200 KHz)895.4895.6MHz6/2/201634TDMTDMA A AccesAccess s methomethod d & & ChanneChannel l conceptconceptCarrier FrequencyTDMA Frame555nn+1n+2n+xPhy

32、sical ChannelLogical ChannelTCHTCHFACCHTCH5TDMA Frame nTDMA Frame n+1TDMA Frame n+2TDMA Frame n+x6/2/2016350 1 2 3 4 5 6 7012345670123456701234567012345676/2/2016363 3G G W Wi ir releseless s Acce Accessss6/2/2016373 3GPPGPP S Sp pe ecicif fi ic ca at tionion C Co od deses ( (G GSMSM & & 3 3G G) )Su

33、bject of specification series3G/GSM R99and laterRequirements21 seriesService aspects22 seriesTechnical realization23 seriesSignaling protocols24 seriesRadio aspects25 seriesCODEC26 seriesSignaling protocols28 seriesO&M32 seriesSecurity Aspects33 seriesUE and U(SIM) test Specification34 seriesSecurit

34、y Algorithms35 seriesLTE radio Technology36 seriesThThe e evolutioevolution n o of f mobilmobile e systemsystemAMPSTACSNMTothers1G80sAnalog2G 90sDigitalDemand Demand drivingdrivingGSMGSMCDMA CDMA IS95IS95TDMATDMAIS-136IS-136PDCPDC3G IMT-2000WCDMAWCDMACDMA CDMA 20002000Demand Demand drivingdrivingTD-

35、SCDMATD-SCDMAAnalogDigitalVoice/dataWideband6/2/201638MobilMobile e AccesAccess s TechnologTechnology y EvolutionEvolution6/2/201639MultiplMultiple e AccesAccess s ApproachesApproachesF Frequency D Division M Multiple A AccessEach User has a unique frequencyfrequency(1 voice channel per user)All use

36、rs transmit at the same timeAMPS,AMPS, NMT,NMT, TACSTACSUser 1User 2User 3FreFreq queuen nc cy yEach Transmitter has a unique ScramblingScrambling CodeCodeEach Data Channel has a unique ChannelizationChannelization codecodeMany users share the same frequencyand timeIS-95,IS-95, cdma2000,cdma2000, WC

37、DMAWCDMAFreFreq queuen nc cy yC Code D Division M Multiple A AccessS Spread S Spectrum M Multiple A AccessMultiple Multiple TransmittersTransmittersand and MultipleMultiple DataDataChannelsChannelsEach User has a unique timetime slotslotEach Data Channel has a uniquepositioposition n withiwithin n t

38、hthe e timtime e slotslotSeveral users share the same frequencyIS-136,IS-136, GSM,GSM, PDCPDCT Time D Division M Multiple A AccessUser User User123User NTimeTime6/2/2016406/2/2016413G3G的三大主流技術(shù)標準比較的三大主流技術(shù)標準比較WCDMATD-SCDMACDMA2000載頻間隔載頻間隔5M1.6M1.25M碼片速率碼片速率3.84Mc/s1.28Mc/s1.228Mc/s雙工方式雙工方式FDDTDDFDD無線幀

39、長無線幀長10ms10ms (子幀子幀5ms)20ms信道編碼信道編碼卷積碼卷積碼、Turbo碼碼卷積碼卷積碼、Turbo碼碼卷積碼卷積碼、Turbo碼碼調(diào)制方式調(diào)制方式QPSKQPSKQPSK功率控制功率控制開環(huán)結(jié)合快開環(huán)結(jié)合快速閉環(huán)速閉環(huán)開環(huán)結(jié)合閉環(huán)開環(huán)結(jié)合閉環(huán)開環(huán)結(jié)合快開環(huán)結(jié)合快速閉環(huán)速閉環(huán)切換切換軟切換、硬軟切換、硬切換切換接力切換、接力切換、硬硬切切換換軟切換、硬軟切換、硬切換切換功控頻率功控頻率1500次次/s200次次/s800次次/s基站同步基站同步同同步步/異步異步同步同步同步同步RBSRNCRNCTEMSCore NetworkIubIubRBSRBSRadio Acces

40、sNetworkIubIubIuIuIurIurUuUuRXIOSS-RCMubMubMutMutMurMurMunMunOther Management SystemsMunMunNetwork Management EnvironmentRNCRadio Network Controller RBS Radio Base StationOSSOperation Support System Radio Core TEMSTEMS Optimization SolutionRXIRadio Access Network AggregatorUEUuUuWCDMWCDMA A RARAN N

41、OverviewOverview6/2/201642無線信號傳輸中的多徑效無線信號傳輸中的多徑效應(yīng)應(yīng)RayleigRayleigh h FadingFading6/2/201643ThThe e RAKRAKE E ReceiverReceiverC O C O M BM BI IN E N E R RSearcherFinger Power measurements of neighbouring RBSSum of individualmultipath componentsFinger #1Finger #2Finger #3Finger #NBuffer/dela yCorrelato

42、r s6/2/201644012210WCDMWCDMA A CapacitCapacity y ManagementManagement AdmissioAdmission n ControlControlCelCell l LoLoadadAdmiAdmis ssisiononlimitlimitR RBSBS6/2/201645WCDMWCDMA A CapacitCapacity y ManagemenManagement tCongestioCongestion n ControlControlCongConge eststi io on n limitlimitCelCell l

43、LoLoadadR RBSBS6/2/201646WCDMWCDMA A HandoverHandoverSoftHardNo shift in frequencyConnected to both base stations at same timeNo break in connectionShift in frequencyCant simultaneously connect to both RBSsBreak in connection6/2/201647S Sofoft t/ /S Sofoft terer H Ha an nd dovove er rSofter Handover

44、, Sector-to-sectorSoft handover, cell-to-cell6/2/201648HSPHSPA A EvolutionEvolutionU Up pl li inknk20-40 MbpsMulti Carrier12 Mbps16QAM5.8 Mbps2 ms TTI1.4 Mbps0.4 MbpsD Do ow wn nl li inknk3.6 Mbps15 codes14 Mbps21 Mbps28 MbpsMulti Carrier42 MbpsMulti Carrier 64QAM + MIMOHigher Modulation Combination

45、s80-160 Mbps2x2 MIMO64QAM6/2/201649I IS-S-9 95 5A AVoiceLow speed dataI IS-S-9 95 5B BVoice Medium Speed Datac cdmdma a20200000 1X1XVoice Capacity Higher Speed Data Introduction of PCNc cdmdma a20200000 1 1xExEv vD Do o PhPha as se e 1 1Data Optimized Dedicated-data carrier (overlay)c cdmdma a202000

46、 100 1xExEv vD Dv v P Phahasese 2 2 Voice & Data CapacityMulti-serviceAdvancedAdvanced MACMACVoiceVoice capacitycapacity doubles doubles realreal timetime applicationsapplicationsAllAll inin one-carrierone-carrierMACMAC supportsupportVoiceVoice CapacityCapacity doubles doubles 2x2x batterybattery li

47、felifePacketPacket datadata144144 kbpskbps - - 153153 kbpskbpsPerformancePerformance enhancementsenhancements & & accessaccess robustnessrobustnessPacketPacket DataData withwith 6464 kbpskbpsCircuitCircuit & & PacketPacket Data 9.6/14.4Data 9.6/14.4 kbpskbpsUpUp toto 2 2 MbpsMbps data data rateraten

48、on-realnon-real time time applicationsapplications2 2 (1.25(1.25 MHz)MHz) carrierscarriersrequirementrequirementcdmaOnecdmaOne EvolutioEvolution n t to o 3 3G G (cdma200(cdma2000 0 ) )19961997|-19981999 20002001 200220032004Implementations -|- Planned Implementations -|TD-SCDMTD-SCDMA A StandarStand

49、ard d HistoryHistoryTD-SCDMATD-SCDMA提交到提交到ITUITUTD-SCDMATD-SCDMA在在3GPP3GPP融合融合98/0698/0699/99/1 12 200/0500/0501/0301/03ITUITU正式通過正式通過3G3G標準標準TD-SCDMATD-SCDMA寫入寫入3GP3GPP PR4R46/2/201651TDTDD D spectruspectrum m i in n ChinaChina: : 15155 5 M M6060 M MHzHz3030M MH Hz zFDFDD DTDDTDD1 10 00 0 M MH Hz z

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51、 optimize the use of radio resourcesTD-SCDMTD-SCDMA A KeKey y TechniqueTechniqueU上行上行D下行下行未未使使用用TDDTDD技術(shù)技術(shù)智能天線智能天線同步技術(shù)同步技術(shù)動態(tài)信道分配動態(tài)信道分配聯(lián)合檢測聯(lián)合檢測接力切換接力切換6/2/201653D U D D D D DT TD-D-S SC CD DM MA A: :時時分分雙工雙工和和碼分碼分多多址相址相結(jié)結(jié)合合最多可達 16個碼道 T TD-D-S SC CD DMAMA 特性特性TDDTDD的特性的特性CDMCDMA A的特性的特性 擴頻增益較低，內(nèi)在抗噪能力擴

52、頻增益較低，內(nèi)在抗噪能力 不不如如FDDFDD系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)6/2/201654TD-SCDMATD-SCDMA與與WCDMA/cdma200WCDMA/cdma2000 0同步的比較同步的比較PNPN4 4 PNPN1 1GPSGPSPNPN5 5PNPN3 3PNPN6 6PNPN7 7PNPN2 2SCSC4 4 SCSC1 1SCSC5 5SCSC3 3SCSC6 6SCSC7 7SCSC2 2同步小區(qū)同步小區(qū)以以同同一一P PN N序序列列的的不不同時同時移移來來區(qū)區(qū) 分分小小區(qū)區(qū)系系統(tǒng)實統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)簡簡單單， 易易于實于實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)切切換換及小及小區(qū)區(qū)搜搜索索整整個系個系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)的的運運行行依依賴賴于

53、于G GPSPSCDMA200CDMA2000 0WCDMWCDMA ATD-SCDMATD-SCDMA異步小區(qū)異步小區(qū)以以不同不同的的擾擾碼碼來來區(qū)區(qū)分小分小區(qū)區(qū)避避免了免了對對GPGPS S的依賴的依賴小小區(qū)搜區(qū)搜索索由由S SC CH H實實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)及切及切換換需需要要過過程程SCSC4 4 SCSC1 1SCSC5 5SCSC3 3SCSC6 6SCSC7 7SCSC2 2同步小區(qū)同步小區(qū)為為了降了降低低時時隙隙間間干干擾并擾并便便 于于終端終端對對鄰鄰小小區(qū)區(qū)的的測量測量， 需需保證保證基基站站間間一一定定同步同步精精 度度（相（相鄰鄰小小區(qū)區(qū)幀幀起起始時始時間間 差）差）目目前方前方案

54、案是是每每個個基基站配站配外外 接接參考參考時時鐘鐘口口（例如例如GPGPS S）GPSGPS6/2/2016556/2/2016562/32/3G G C Commoommon n Cor Core e N NetwoetworkrkCircuiCircuit t SwitchingSwitching6/2/201657PackePacket t SwitchingSwitching6/2/201658GPRGPRS S networnetwork k introduceintroduced d P PS S domaindomaini in n corcore e networknetwo

55、rkInternetISPISPRARAD DIUSIUSMAMAI IL LWEBWEBNENEW WS SSGSGS SN NGGGGS SN NISPISPGPGPR RS SIPIPBaBac ckbone kbone NeNet tworkworkSGSGS SN NGGGGS SN NRARAD DIUSIUSMAMAI IL LWEBWEBNENEW WS SToGiWCWCD DMA MA RANRANGSM GSM BSSBSSA-interface6/2/2016593GP3GPP P ReleasesReleases The3GPPproducesacompleteset

56、of globally and Reports published inapplicableTechnicalSpecifications fortheUMTSstandard.Theseare releasesR4R4MSMSS S, , IPIPCoCor re eR6R6HSHSD DPAPA P2, P2, EULEUL P1, P1, MBMBM MSSR5R5HSHSD DPAPA P1, P1, IMIMS SR99R991 13 3G Gn netetw wororksksststLTE/HSPAEvolved6/2/2016606/2/2016613GP3GPP P REL-

57、99REL-99UTRAN introduction, new radio interfaceIntroduction of EDGE (EGPRS)Camel Phase 3EMS, Enhanced SMS Text formatting (font, size, style), pictures, animations, soundsMMS introduced (mainly concept only)Location Services (LCS architecture defined) WCDMA, on 5 MHz carrier (vs. 200kHz in GERAN) Hi

58、gher bandwidth, up to theoretical 2Mbit/s (vs.473.6kbit/s withEDGE) Soft(er) handover Functionality differently distributed than GERAN ATM based UMTS GSM handover All GSM SS supported3GP3GPP P R9R99 9 NetworNetwork k ReferencReference e ModelModelCo-operatiCo-operating ng NetworksNetworksUseUser r E

59、quipEquipm menent tCorCore e NetwoNetworkrkRadiRadio o AcceAccessss N NetworketworkNote:Not all interfacesareshown and namedB BS SC CB BT TS SUmUmA Ab bisisB BS SS SH HL LR REIREIRAUCAUCG GM MSCSCS SG GSNSNS SG GSNSNG GG GSNSNIuIuCSCSM MS SC/ C/ V VL LR RIuIuPSPSR RN NC CNodeNode B BUuUuI Iu ur rI I

60、u ub bR RN NC CNodeNode B BI Iu ub bR RN NS SR RN NS SU UT TR RA AN NI Iu ur rMEMECuCuorSIM-ME i/fMSMSUSIMUSIMSIMSIMISISD DN N PSPST TN N PSPSP PDN DN CSCSP PDN DN PDPDN N: :- I Intranntrane et t- E Extranxtrane et t- I Internnterne et t- - X X.25.25SMSSMSM MS SC/C/V VL LR RS SC CF FSIMSIMMEMESIM-ME