查爾斯狄更斯PPT課件.ppt

1、英國(guó)小說(shuō)之王狄更斯查爾斯-狄更斯Charles Dickens查理狄更斯（Charles Dickens ，18121870）是19世紀(jì)英國(guó)批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的最突出代表。他的創(chuàng)作具有世界意義，一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來(lái)，他的作品一直暢銷(xiāo)不衰，是排在圣經(jīng)、莎士比亞作品之后，在西方世界傳播得最為廣泛的。他被譽(yù)為英國(guó)文學(xué)史上的“小說(shuō)之王”，也是馬克思所指的英國(guó)的“一批杰出的小說(shuō)家”最突出的代表AB)Charles Dickens 查爾斯狄更斯(18121870Life experienceCharles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, and spent the fi

2、rst nine years of his life living in the coastal regions of Kent, a county in southeast England. Dickenss father, John, was a kind and likeable man, but he was incompetent with money and piled up tremendous debts throughout his life. 查爾斯狄更斯生于1812年二月七日，九歲前一直生活在英格蘭東南部肯特郡的沿海地區(qū)。狄更斯的父親約翰是個(gè)和藹可親的人，但不善理財(cái)，一生

3、為巨額債務(wù)所累。 ABCharles Dickens 查爾斯狄更斯Life experience When Dickens was nine, his family moved to London. When he was twelve, his father was arrested and taken to debtors prison. Dickenss mother moved his seven brothers and sisters into prison with their father, but she arranged for the young Charles to l

4、ive alone outside the prison. 狄更斯九歲那年，隨家人移居倫敦。12歲時(shí)，其父因債務(wù)問(wèn)題被抓進(jìn)債人監(jiān)獄。他的母親帶著7個(gè)弟妹搬進(jìn)監(jiān)獄與父親同住，卻留狄更斯一人獨(dú)自在獄外生活 .Charles Dickens 查爾斯狄更斯(18121870)ABLife experienceAfter his father was released from prison, Dickens returned to school. He eventually became a law clerk, then a court reporter, and finally a novelis

5、t. His first novel , The Pickwick Papers, (匹克威克外傳) became a huge popular success when Dickens was only twentyfive. 父親出獄后，他重新回到學(xué)校。后來(lái)狄更斯先在一家律師事務(wù)所當(dāng)職員，他還做過(guò)法院書(shū)記官，最后才成為小說(shuō)家。狄更斯25歲時(shí)完成了他的第一部小說(shuō)匹克威克外傳，并且取得了巨大成功。 Charles Dickens 查爾斯狄更斯(18121870)ABLife experienceHe published extensively and was considered a lite

6、rary celebrity until his death in 1870. 后來(lái)他發(fā)又表了大量的小說(shuō)，被譽(yù)為文學(xué)界的泰斗。他于1870年病逝。1.Early period (1836- 1845)狄更斯的早期創(chuàng)作Gentle social criticism 溫和的社會(huì)諷刺Fantastic optimism 充滿(mǎn)幻想的樂(lè)觀精神Novela picaresca “流浪漢小說(shuō)”的結(jié)構(gòu)模式Exaggeration 夸張的藝術(shù)手法His representative works of that timeThe Pickwick Papers 匹克威克外傳（1836-1837）Oliver Twi

7、st 奧利佛退斯特(又名霧都孤兒)（1838）Nicholas Nickleby 尼古拉斯尼科爾貝（1838-1839）The Old Curiosity Shop 老古玩店（1840-1841）2.The middle period (1846- 1852) 狄更斯的中期創(chuàng)作He criticises bourgeois and their morality 對(duì)資產(chǎn)者及其道德的辛辣批判Gentle moralism Humor and satire 溫和的道德主義 幽默諷刺風(fēng)格The plot and structure are more complete unified 情節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)更為完整統(tǒng)

8、一His representative works of that timeAmerican Notes 美國(guó)札記（1842）Martin Chuzzlewit 馬丁瞿述偉（1843-1844）Dombey and Son 董貝父子（1846-1848）David Copperfield 大衛(wèi)科波菲爾（1849）3.The later period (1853- 1865)狄更斯的晚期創(chuàng)作Humor and satire social criticism Symbolism 廣泛、尖銳的社會(huì)批判 象征手法Gentle reformism and strong humanitarian 溫和的改

9、良主義和強(qiáng)烈的人道主義Exploration of mans inner conflicts 尖銳的矛盾沖突主導(dǎo)情節(jié)設(shè)計(jì) His representative works of that timeBleak House 荒涼山莊（1852-1853） Hard Times 艱難時(shí)世（1854）Little Dorrit 小杜麗（1855-1857） A Tale of Two Cities 雙城記（1854）Great Expectations 遠(yuǎn)大前程（1860）Our Mutual Friend 我們共同的朋友（1865）A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dicke

10、ns Chapter OneIt was the best of times, it was the worst of times,it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair,

11、we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way- 雙城記（A Tale of Two Cities）雙城：指巴黎與倫敦；題材：歷史； 作品大背景：法國(guó)大革命。寫(xiě)作目的：借1789年的法國(guó)大革命的歷史，來(lái)影射19世紀(jì)50年代英國(guó)的現(xiàn)實(shí)。當(dāng)時(shí)英國(guó)是太平盛世，但狄更斯認(rèn)為這只是一種假象，其繁榮的背后隱藏著深重的社會(huì)危機(jī)與尖銳的社會(huì)矛盾，故創(chuàng)作此作以警告統(tǒng)治者。歷史背景：作品頭一章交代了故事發(fā)

12、生的歷史背景，法國(guó)大革命爆發(fā)前，人民與統(tǒng)治者劍撥弩張的緊張局面:一方面是統(tǒng)治者草菅人命，另一方面是人民怒不可遏，把尖刀插入作惡候爵的心臟。霧都孤兒簡(jiǎn)介主人公奧利弗特威斯特受不了虐待逃往倫敦，剛到就受騙誤入賊窩。小偷頭目費(fèi)金要把奧利弗訓(xùn)練成扒手。在上街盜竊時(shí)奧利弗被誤認(rèn)為偷了布朗洛紳士的手絹而被逮捕。后他重病昏迷，被布朗洛收留，得到溫暖與關(guān)懷。費(fèi)金指使塞克斯和南希把奧利弗重新拐回賊窩。再次作案時(shí)，奧利弗被誤傷。梅里夫人和養(yǎng)女羅斯收留了他。蒙克斯是奧利弗同父異母的哥哥，父親把遺產(chǎn)留給了奧利弗，除非奧利弗也是不肖之子，蒙克斯才能繼承財(cái)產(chǎn)。蒙克斯找到費(fèi)金，要他把奧利弗變成罪犯以霸占遺產(chǎn)。南希通知了羅斯

13、。羅斯和布朗洛決定找蒙克斯交涉，南希卻被塞克斯殺害。小偷團(tuán)伙受到滅頂之災(zāi)。布朗洛先生收養(yǎng)了奧利弗，蒙克斯死在獄中。liver Twist（1838）is Charles Dickenssecond novel.The book was originally published in Bentleys Miscellany as a serial，in monthly installments that began appearing in themonth of February 1837 and continued through April 1839，originally intended

14、 to form part of Dickensserial The Mudfog Papers.George Cruik shank provided one steel etching per month to is ustrate each installment.Oliver Twist is the first novel in the English language to center throughout on a child protagonist and is also notable for Dickensunromantic portrayal of criminals

15、 and their sordid lives.The bookS subtitle，The ParishBoys Progress，alludes to Bunyans TheHlgrimsProgress andalsoto apairofpopular18th-century caricature series by William Hogarth，A Rakes Progress and A Harlots Progress.AMONG other public buildings in a certain town，which for many reasons it will be

16、prudent tO refrain from mentioning.人物介紹奧利弗小說(shuō)的主人公，是富人的私生子，出生在貧民收容院。他自幼顛沛流離，卻一直保持著善良的本性，待人真誠(chéng)，懂得感恩。他不幸落入賊窩，最終在好心人的幫助下脫離苦海，追回屬于自己的遺產(chǎn)，過(guò)上了幸福的生活。格林維格一位善良而又古怪的老紳士，他脾氣暴躁，易沖動(dòng)，卻為人正直，待人真誠(chéng)。起初他不相信奧利弗，在得知事情的真相后，轉(zhuǎn)而盡心盡力幫助他。布朗羅奧利弗父親的朋友，是奧利弗的保護(hù)人之一，善良正直，平等待人，始終愿意相信奧利弗誠(chéng)實(shí)的品行，最終幫他弄清身世并追回了應(yīng)得的遺產(chǎn)。南希她是一個(gè)不幸淪落賊窩，卻始終保持善良本性的女子。她深?lèi)?ài)賊窩里的賽克斯，卻因同情奧利弗的遭遇而多次暗中相助，暴露后被賽克斯殺害。賽克斯一個(gè)兇狠殘暴的強(qiáng)盜。他只認(rèn)錢(qián)財(cái)，不辨是非，因殘酷殺害了深?lèi)?ài)自己的南希而被追捕，后失手將自己吊死在煙囪上，至死沒(méi)有悔過(guò)。費(fèi)金一個(gè)貪財(cái)而殘忍的強(qiáng)盜頭子。他教唆小奧利弗學(xué)習(xí)盜竊，后又與壞人勾結(jié)陷害奧利弗。在南希幫助奧利弗時(shí)他告發(fā)了南希，害得南希被賽克斯殺死。他最后被判處絞刑，得到應(yīng)有的下場(chǎng)。狄更斯在30多年