英語(yǔ)同步練習(xí)題考試題試卷教案09年中考英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法匯總

1、CONTENTS目 錄第一部份 語(yǔ)法概論詞類(lèi).2句子.3從句. 3 第二部份 根底知識(shí) 名詞.4冠詞.7代詞. 10數(shù)詞. 15介詞.17連詞.20形容詞和副詞. 24情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.27動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài).29動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài).36第三部份 句子種類(lèi). 38第四部份 主從復(fù)合句.43第五部份 直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ).46第一部份 語(yǔ)法概論英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法主要分作詞法和句法兩類(lèi)，換而言之，詞類(lèi)和句子兩要素在語(yǔ)法中起著關(guān)鍵作用。因此，我們首先必須弄清詞類(lèi)，句子的根本構(gòu)成、分類(lèi)及其共性。第一節(jié) 詞 類(lèi)詞的分類(lèi)英語(yǔ)中的詞根據(jù)其形式特征、詞義以及句法作用，分成十類(lèi)：詞類(lèi)英語(yǔ)名稱(chēng)縮寫(xiě)形式例詞名詞nounn.Paper, bike代詞Pr

2、onounpron.They, everyone動(dòng)詞verbv.Play, learn副詞adverbadv.Often, quite形容詞adjectiveAdj.Great, long數(shù)詞numeralnum.nine, first冠詞articleart.a(an),the介詞prepositionprep.in, on連詞conjunctionconj.but, though 感慨詞interjectionint.oh, aha2、詞類(lèi)關(guān)系1冠詞、介詞、連接詞和感慨詞不能在句中獨(dú)立充當(dāng)成份，稱(chēng)為虛詞；名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞能在句中獨(dú)立充當(dāng)成份，稱(chēng)為實(shí)詞。2副詞常修飾動(dòng)詞、

3、形容詞和副詞本身。3代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞和冠詞常修飾名詞，形容詞也可修飾某些代詞如不定代詞，但要后置。第二節(jié) 句 子句子分類(lèi)句子具有一定的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，比單詞和詞組復(fù)雜，能表達(dá)相對(duì)獨(dú)立和完整的意義。句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單句Tom usually plays football in afternoon湯姆經(jīng)常下午踢足球。并例句He is tall but I am short.他高可是我矮。主從復(fù)合句It is obvious that he did that thing.他顯然做了件事。句子功能陳述句She has not had her lunch.她還沒(méi)吃早餐。疑問(wèn)句Can you give me a p

4、iece of paper?你能給我一張紙嗎？祈使句Lets go swimming.讓我去游泳吧。感慨句What an interesting story it is.多么有趣的故事?。?、句子成分英語(yǔ)的句子成分可由單詞、詞組或從句構(gòu)成，具體劃分與漢語(yǔ)相差較大，需特別注意。(1) 主語(yǔ)The Subject (2) 謂語(yǔ)The Predicate(3) 賓語(yǔ)The Object (4) 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)The Complement(5) 表語(yǔ)The Predicative (6) 定語(yǔ) (The Attribute)(7) 狀語(yǔ)The Adverbial 第三節(jié) 從 句從句有以下幾種： 分 類(lèi)例 句主語(yǔ)

5、從句Whether hes coming or not doesnt matter too much.他是否來(lái)無(wú)關(guān)緊要。表語(yǔ)從句That is what he meant.這是他的意思。賓語(yǔ)從句She asked me which I like best.她問(wèn)我喜歡哪一個(gè)。定語(yǔ)從句The letter which I received yesterday was from my mother.昨天我收的信是我的母親來(lái)的。狀語(yǔ)從句We must hurry off lest we should miss the train.我們是趕快走了，以免誤了火車(chē)。同位語(yǔ)從句The fact that yo

6、u told a lie is unforgiveable.你撒謊這一事實(shí)不可原諒。第二部份 根底知識(shí)第一節(jié) 名 詞名詞是表示人或物名稱(chēng)的詞，它分為專(zhuān)有名詞和普通名詞兩大類(lèi)。具體情況見(jiàn)下表：普通名詞common noun專(zhuān)有名詞如：China, Li Hua, London個(gè)體名詞 如：student,computer 集體名詞如：team, family,class物質(zhì)名詞如：water, milk energy精力抽象名詞如： information,anger一般可數(shù)，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式一般不可數(shù)，沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)形式一、可 數(shù) 名 詞1可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)那么變化A名詞直接加s變復(fù)數(shù)；B以s, x, s

7、h, o結(jié)尾的單詞加es變復(fù)數(shù)；如bus, watch, fish, tomato, potato等。 注意：zoo, radio, photo直接加s變復(fù)數(shù)。C輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞，把y改為i再加es；如baby, factory, library等。D以f或fe結(jié)尾，去掉f或fe，變v再加es；如knife, wife, leaf, life, shelf等。2. 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)那么變化。A)改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母，如：Footfeet manmen toothteeth mousemice B)在詞尾加 en, 如:ChildChildren oxoxen(公牛)有少數(shù)名詞是單復(fù)數(shù)

8、同形，如：Sheep fish peopleC)表示“某國(guó)人的單復(fù)數(shù)變化單復(fù)數(shù)同形，如：Chinese, Japanese 詞尾加-s，如：GermanGermans AmericanAmericans RomanRomans變-man為 men，如：EnglishmanEnglishmenD)復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化：變中心詞，如：A son-in-law sons-in-law 在最后加-s，如：a grow-upa grow ups.前后名詞都變，如：woman-doctorwomen doctorsboy/girl在前時(shí)，變后面的詞，如：a boy-studentboy students二、

9、不 可 數(shù) 名 詞不可數(shù)名詞用U表示，包括物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞，一般只有單數(shù)形式，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。但它們也有以下特殊形式。物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞借助單位詞表示一定的數(shù)量，如：A cup of tea a sheet of paper a loaf of bread a piece of advice有些物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)后意義有所不同，如： airairs神氣 goodgoods商品 paperpapers考卷 timetimes時(shí)代三、常用國(guó)籍的單、復(fù)數(shù)名稱(chēng) 總稱(chēng)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) 一個(gè)人 二個(gè)人中國(guó)人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese日本人 the Japanes

10、e a Japanese two Japanese法國(guó)人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 英國(guó)人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 澳大利亞人 the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄國(guó)人 the Russians a Russian two Russians 美國(guó)人 the Americans an American two Americans 德國(guó)人 the Germans a German two Germans 歸納記憶：中國(guó)人和日本人單復(fù)數(shù)相

11、同，英國(guó)人和法國(guó)人把a(bǔ)改為e， 其余的在后面加- s。 四、名詞所有格 A名詞所有格用于人或動(dòng)物的名詞詞尾，以及表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市等無(wú)生命的名詞后。Toms pens, Lucy and Lilys room( 共同所有 ), Lilys and Lucys room( 各自所有 ), Childrens Day, twenty minutes walk, Guangzhous building.B當(dāng)表示兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)人共同所有的人或物時(shí)，只在最后一個(gè)人或物后加s。Cof所有格名詞+ of+名詞：常用來(lái)表示無(wú)生命的名詞所有關(guān)系。如： The windows of the house the

12、 photo of the family a plan of Jims D有些名詞如診所、家、店鋪所有格后加s后，可以省去名詞。如： The doctors 醫(yī)生診所) at Whites 在懷特先生家 the book-sellers書(shū)店一、單項(xiàng)選擇。( ) 1. September 10 is _ Day. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the teachers D. the teachers ( ) 2. Every morning he takes a _ to his office. A. 20 minutes walk B. 20-minutes walk

13、C. 20 minutes walk D. 20-minute walk( ) 3. There is only one _ doctor and three _ nurses here. A. man; woman B. man; women C. men; woman D. men; women( ) 4. How many _ are there in those_? A. tomatos; photos B. tomatoes; photos C. tomatoes; photo D. tomato; photos( ) 5. Have you seen _ at the foot o

14、f the hill? A. any sheep B. some sheeps C. any sheeps D. some sheep( ) 6. I am thirsty. Would you bring me _, please? A. some bread B. some water C. some cakes D. some eggs( ) 7. If these _ are too big, buy a smaller pair. A. trouser B. trousers C. trouseres D. trouserses( ) 8. This pair of shoes _

15、much. A. cost B. costs C. costes D. costed( ) 9. The news _ for my father. A. were B. are C. be D. is( ) 10. What _ bad weather today! A. an B. a C. the D. /( ) 11. My English teacher gave us _. A. a advice B. an advice C. some advice D. some advices( ) 12. There is so _ milk in the glass. A. much B

16、. many C. lot of D. few( ) 13. Mr. King is a friend of _. A. Mr. Wangs B. Mr. Wangs C. the Wangs D. Mr. Wang( ) 14. He often gives us _ by e-mail. A. a good information B. some informations C. some good information D. some good informations( ) 15. _ work has been done today. A. A great deal of B. A

17、lot C. Many D. A large number of第二節(jié) 冠 詞冠詞的定義：冠詞是一種虛詞，用在名詞或名詞詞組的前面，表示名詞是特指或泛指。冠詞可分為不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種形式。不定冠詞的用法1、不定冠詞a，an的用法： A冠詞a和an都用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示某一類(lèi)人或事物中的一個(gè)，或第一次提到的人或事，如： Li Ping has an apple in her hand. 李平手里拿著一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。 There are twelve months in a year. 一年有十二個(gè)月。 B冠詞用a在以輔音開(kāi)始的名詞或名詞詞組之前，而冠詞an那么用在以元音開(kāi)始的名詞或名詞詞組之前

18、，如： a photo, a king, an example, an English class. 注意：上面講的冠詞an在以元音開(kāi)始的名詞或名詞詞組之前，指的是“元音而不是“元音字母，因此以元音字母u開(kāi)始的名詞之前只能用a而不用an字母u的發(fā)音是 /ju:/，它的第一個(gè)音素 /j/ 是輔音而不是元音。有些詞雖然不是以元音字母開(kāi)始，但如果它的第一個(gè)音是元音音素那么用不定冠詞an，關(guān)鍵是以發(fā)音為準(zhǔn)。如：a university, an hour等。 C一些固定搭配必須帶不定冠詞a，如：have a walk 散步 have a meeting開(kāi)會(huì) have a look 看一下 have a

19、rest休息一下 have a talk談心 have a party舉行晚會(huì) a lot of 許多 a piece of 一片的 a pair of 一雙的 a bottle of 一瓶的 a cup of一茶杯的 a glass of 一水杯的 a box of一箱的 have a fever發(fā)燒 have a headache頭疼 have a good time過(guò)得快活定冠詞的用法定冠詞the有this, that, these, those等意義，用于單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。主要用來(lái)特指。使一個(gè)或幾個(gè)事物區(qū)別于所有其他同名的事物。定冠詞特指某些人或某些事物，以區(qū)別于同類(lèi)中其他的人或事

20、物。Is this the book you are looking for? 這是你要找的書(shū)嗎?定冠詞用來(lái)指上文中已提到過(guò)的人或事物。I saw a film yesterday. The film was ended at eight oclock.我昨天看了一場(chǎng)電影。電影八點(diǎn)鐘結(jié)束的。定冠詞用于表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物或用于自然界現(xiàn)象或方位名詞之前。the sun/ the moon/ the earth/ the sky/ the world/ the winter night the sun is bigger than the moon.太陽(yáng)比月亮大。定冠詞與單數(shù)名詞連用，表示毫米

21、一類(lèi)人或物。The dog is not too dangerous.狗不太危險(xiǎn)。定冠詞與某些形容詞連用，使形容詞名詞化，表示某一類(lèi)人。the rich 富人 the poor 窮人the young 年輕人 the sick 病人the new 新和事物 the right 正確的東西the true 真的東西 the beautiful 美的東西用在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級(jí)的表示方位的名詞前。This is the most interesting book on my hand. 這是我手中最有趣的一本書(shū)。定冠詞用在演奏樂(lè)器的名稱(chēng)的文藝活動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)所的名稱(chēng)前。The are going to

22、 the cinema tonight. 他們今晚要去影院看電影。定冠詞用在江河，海洋，山脈，群島的名稱(chēng)之前。 The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China.長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最大的河。定冠詞用有姓名復(fù)數(shù)之前，表示一家人。The Greens are very kind to us. 格林一家人待我們很好。不定冠詞(零冠詞)的場(chǎng)合在交通工具、學(xué)科名稱(chēng)的名詞前不加冠詞，如：By plane by boat Chinese American history在節(jié)日、假日、星期、月份、季節(jié)等名詞前不加冠詞，如：National Day Monday spri

23、ng October在一日三餐、體育類(lèi)等名詞前不加冠詞，如：He prefers milk and egg for breakfast.他寧可早餐吃雞蛋，喝牛奶。I cooked some noodles for supper.我晚餐煮了一些面條。一、單項(xiàng)選擇。( ) 1. Is Canada _ English speaking country? A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 2. Canada is _ English speaking country? A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 3. I can see a little white she

24、ep in the field. _ sheep is Nancys. A. A B. The C. An D. /( ) 4. That is _ useful book. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 5. There is _ “s in the word “bus. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 6. My brother is _ driver.A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 7. _ elephant is much heavier than a horse. A. A B. An C. The D. /( ) 8.

25、When he was in trouble yesterday, _ young man gave him a hand. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 9. He ran at two kilometers _ hour. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 10. The boy on _ bike is Jim. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 11. The Yellow River is _ second longest river in China. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 12. _ moon

26、 goes round _ earth, and _ earth goes round _ sun. A. A; a; a; a B. An; an; an; an C. The; the; the; the D. /; /; /; /( ) 13. There is _ egg on the plate. _ egg is for you. A. a; A B. an; An C. an; The C. an; An( ) 14. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “s on the corner of _bag. A. a; a B. a; t

27、he C. an; a D. an; the( ) 15. People often go swimming in _ summer. A. / B. a C. an D. the( ) 16.-Is there _ map of China on the wall? -Yes, there is. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 17. -Have you had _lunch yet. -No, not yet. A. / B. a C. the D. an( ) 18. _apple on the table is Wei Fangs. A. An B. A C. /

28、 D. The( ) 19. What can you see by the lake? I can see _old man sitting on the chair. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 20. _September is Teachers Day. A. The ten B. The tenth C. The tens D. Ten第 三 節(jié) 代 詞 代詞的分類(lèi)名詞的表示人，事物和抽象概念的詞類(lèi)。根椐名詞表達(dá)的意義和用法，常見(jiàn)名詞可做以下分類(lèi)：名稱(chēng)單詞人稱(chēng)你詞主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they賓格Me, you, hi

29、m, her, it, us, you, them物主代詞形容詞性單數(shù)：My, your, his, her, its復(fù)數(shù)：our, your, their名詞性單數(shù)：Mine, yours, his, hers, its, 復(fù)數(shù)：Ours, yours, theirs.反身代詞單數(shù)：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself復(fù)數(shù)：ourselves, yourselves, themselves指示代詞this, that, these, those, such疑問(wèn)代詞Who, whom, whose, which, what不定代詞Some, so

30、mething, somebody, someone, any, anything, no, no one, every, everything, each, much, many, little, other, another, all, none, one, both, either, neither.關(guān)系代詞Who, whom, whose, which, that. As相互代詞Each other, one another連接代詞What, which, who, that下面是局部代詞的用法：1Few, little; a few, a little的用法:Few和little表示

31、沒(méi)有多少，含否認(rèn)意義；a few和a little表示有一些，有幾個(gè)，含肯定意義。另外，F(xiàn)ew和a few修飾可數(shù)名詞；little和a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞。他們?cè)诰渲谐Ｗ鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。如：He knows a little English. (定語(yǔ))Few of them could speak English. (主語(yǔ))I know little about Japanese. (賓語(yǔ))2 other和another的用法Other泛指 “另外的,作定語(yǔ),常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞連用；但如果前面有the, this , that, some, any, each, ever

32、y, no, none, one, or以及形容詞性物主代詞時(shí)，那么可與單數(shù)名詞連用。例如： Other boys, all other beauty, no other way, the other one any other plant, every other day, some other reason等。Others 是other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式泛之“別的人或物但不是全部。例如： Some are carry water, other are watering the trees.The other 指“兩者中的另一個(gè)，常與one連用，作定語(yǔ)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示另一方中的“全部其全余的。

33、例如：He held a bow in one hand and his notes in the other.The others是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指“全部其余的人或物。例如：I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red, the others are blue。Another指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中的“任何一個(gè)，“再一,“別一個(gè)；作代詞或形容詞。例如：I have finished this novel, please give me another.Onethe other指兩個(gè)人或物構(gòu)成的一組中的個(gè)體；oneanother指同一組內(nèi)的

34、兩個(gè)個(gè)體。例如：Here are two books. One is for Mary, the other is for Jack.One person may like to spend his holiday at the seashore, while, another may prefer the mountains.all 和both的用法這兩個(gè)詞都表示整體，但both指兩個(gè)人或物，而all指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物；要句中都可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。例如：All of us should work hard.主語(yǔ)We both like to go. (同位語(yǔ))We li

35、ke both of the books. (賓語(yǔ))That is all for today. (表語(yǔ))1All表示不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。2Both和all加否認(rèn)是局部否認(rèn)，如果要表示全部否認(rèn)，分別用neither和none。例如：Both of us are not teachers.我們倆不都是老師。局部否認(rèn)Neither of us is a teacher.我們倆都不是老師。全部否認(rèn)neither和either的用法neither表示兩者都不；either表示兩者中的任何一個(gè)；兩個(gè)詞都表示單數(shù)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如：Neither of the answers i

36、s wrong. (主語(yǔ))Either sentence is right. (定語(yǔ))You may take either of the books. (賓語(yǔ))It的主要用法What is this? It is a harvester. (剛提到的事物)Who is making the noise? It must be the children. (指未明身份的人或物)It will be lovely in the park today. (環(huán)境情況等，天氣等自然現(xiàn)象)It is 6 oclock.(時(shí)間，季節(jié))It is about five miles to the Summer

37、 Place. (距離)It is foolish of you to be still worrying about it. (形式主語(yǔ))It is no use crying over spilt milk.He found it difficult to learn English. (形式主語(yǔ))He made it clear in his speech that he took no interest in politics.Its though struggle that we learn this truth. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句)th, 2001.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的構(gòu)成：It is/was +被強(qiáng)

38、調(diào)局部或人或物，或主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)+who/that +其它局部。一、單項(xiàng)選擇。( ) 1. She has lost _ pen. Will you lend her _. A. her; you B. hers; your C. her; yours D. hers; yours( ) 2. Is this car for _? A. we B. my C. me D. mine( ) 3. Who teaches _ French? A. we B. our C. us D. ours( ) 4. I saw _ playing in the street at that time. A.

39、 them B. they C. their D. theirs( ) 5. Mike lost _ new watch while he was playing football at achool. A. his B. he C. him D. himself( ) 6. _book is new and _ is new, too. A. Our; he B. Ours; his C. My; his D. My; her( ) 7. They are going to see a teacher of _. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselve

40、s( ) 8. This room is ours, and that one is _. A. they B. them C. theirs D. their( ) 9. I like this kind of color TV, so I want to buy _. A. it B. one C. this D. that( ) 10. Two friends of _ would go to help you. A. I B. me C. mine D. my( ) 11. There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _for

41、us? A. some; much B. any; many C. any; much D. any; some( ) 12. There are thirty students in the class. Some are girls, _are boys. A. another B. other C. others D. the other( ) 13.-Have you any Mends(改良) here in Guangdong? -Yes, I have_. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few( ) 14. _of them knew abo

42、ut the accident because it was kept a secret. A. Each B. Any C. All D. None( ) 15. We have found _ difficult to learn Japanese. A. it B. its C. that D. this二、在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)姆瓷泶~。1. Im learning English all by _.2. Help _ to some chicken, children.3. Mary and Jack all enjoyed _ in the park last Sunday.4. He

43、 is too young to take care of _.5. Miss Li said to us, “The work is hard, but you must finish it _.6. My little sister can dress _ now.7. The story _ is very interesting, but Li Lei didnt tell it well.8. We cant repair the radio _.第 四 節(jié) 數(shù) 詞 數(shù)詞的分類(lèi)名稱(chēng)例詞基數(shù)詞Eight, nine, nineteen, four thousand, a million

44、序數(shù)詞Eighth, ninth, nineteenth, four thousandth, a millionth特殊數(shù)詞類(lèi)分?jǐn)?shù)2/3 two thirds百分?jǐn)?shù)6% six percent小數(shù)0.5 zero point five1基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞相當(dāng)于名詞,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。如：Three of them will play basketball. 他們中三個(gè)人要去打籃球。I am eighteen this year. 今年我18歲了。2序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞除了幾個(gè)特殊形式外，其余的在基數(shù)詞后加后綴-th構(gòu)成，也可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。如：He was the second

45、 to leave. 他是第二個(gè)離開(kāi)的。October the first is National Day. 10月1號(hào)是國(guó)慶節(jié)。 順口溜：“一二三特殊記，“-th從“四加起，怎么加？很容易，八去“t， 九去“e， “f來(lái)把“ve替，“ty 改為tie，假設(shè)是遇到“幾十幾，只變個(gè)位就可以。 數(shù)詞的用法1可以表示年、月、日。在表示年、月、日時(shí)，“年用基數(shù)詞，“日用序數(shù)詞。如：2007-6-8：June 24, 2007或 June eighth, 20072數(shù)詞可以表示時(shí)刻。如：Six oclock 6點(diǎn)整 a quarter past six 6點(diǎn)一刻 a quarter to six 6點(diǎn)差

46、一刻基數(shù)詞hundred, thousand和million前面有數(shù)字時(shí)所表示的是實(shí)數(shù)意義，詞尾不得加S。反之可加S。如：Three hundred people 三百人 Hundreds of people數(shù)以百計(jì)的人Two thousand people 兩千人 Thousands of people成千上萬(wàn)的人分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法。如：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于一，分母加S，如：1/6: one-fifth 2/6: two-fifths倍數(shù)表示法。如：表示三以上的倍數(shù)用time，表示兩倍時(shí)用twice。如：twinsThree times three is nine.3乘3得9。Th

47、is room is twice as that one.這個(gè)房間有那個(gè)房間兩個(gè)大。The earth is 49 time the size of the moon.地球有49個(gè)月球那么大。幾個(gè)與數(shù)目有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)。如：Half 一半 several，a few 幾個(gè)A dozen 一打 some dozen 十幾A score 二十 dozens 幾十Several hundred 幾百一、單詞拼寫(xiě)。1. Rose has _( 三只 ) dogs.2. There are _( 十五個(gè) ) windows in that buildings.3. The fish cost about _(

48、十一 ) yuan.4. We are going to study _(第九) lesson tomorrow.5. Lesson _(九) is very difficult.6. There are _ ( 四十三 ) classes in our school.7. We have learned _( 六百五十四) English words.8. Who is the girl in the _(第二 ) row.9. There are _ (成千上萬(wàn)) of people in the street.10. He bought _ (二百) stamps last week.二

49、、單項(xiàng)選擇。( ) 1. Hun Mei and Lucy are good friends. They are in _. A. Class Three B. Three Class B. Class Third D. Third class( ) 2. -How far is it, please? -Its about _ away. A. hundred of metres B. a hundred of metres C. hundreds of metres D. hundreds of metre( ) 3. Peter often gets up at _. A. half p

50、ast six B. half past five C. a quarter to six D. a quarter to five( ) 4. Sam said we would meet at _ in front of the museum. A. one thirty B. half an hour C. one and thirty D. one past half( ) 5. _of the students are girls in our class. A. Two three B. Two threes C. Two thirds D. Second three( ) 6.

51、About _ of the workers in the clothes factory are women. A. third fifths B. third fifth C. three fifths D. three fifth( ) 7. Hes been a soldier for nearly_. A. half and two years B. two and half year C. two years and a half D. two years and half a year( ) 8. The building is more than _ high. A. 20-m

52、etre B. 20-metres C. 20 metres D. 20 metre( ) 9. In _ Marx began to learn Russian. A. 1870 B. 1870s C. the year of 1870 D. the 1870s( ) 10. When Mr. Lin was _, he became a famous writer. A. on his thirties B. in his thirties C. in the twenty D. in his twenty第 五 節(jié) 介 詞介詞是虛詞，不能單獨(dú)做句子的成分，其后面一般有名詞、代詞賓格或相當(dāng)

53、于名詞的其他詞類(lèi)、短語(yǔ)做它的賓語(yǔ)。介詞與動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞常有比擬固定的搭配。一、介詞的種類(lèi) 1. 簡(jiǎn)單介詞：at, in, off, on, about, under, of, over, past, after, before 2. 合成介詞：into, inside, onto, without, outside 3. 短語(yǔ)介詞：according to, because of, in front of, out of, instead of二、下面是部份常用介詞的用法： 表示時(shí)間時(shí): at強(qiáng)調(diào) “點(diǎn)鐘, on強(qiáng)調(diào) “日和 “某日的早、中、晚“，in強(qiáng)調(diào) “段，與表示月份、季節(jié)、年等詞連

54、用。例：He left home on a cold winter evening.We came to Guangzhou in July, 1992.She got up at six oclock this morning.表示在一段時(shí)間之后時(shí)，“in+時(shí)間段用于將來(lái)時(shí)，“after+時(shí)間段用于過(guò)去時(shí)。例：He will be back in two weeks.She went shopping after his supper.表示“直到或表示“才時(shí)，用“till(until)+時(shí)間點(diǎn)。Notuntil是“直到才。例：He didnt go to bed until he finis

55、hed his homework.“During+時(shí)間段是表示“在期間，而“by+時(shí)間點(diǎn)表示“到為止，“在之前例：My daughter wants him to give her some work to do during the holiday.表示“延緩的一段時(shí)間，用for+時(shí)間段,表示將來(lái)時(shí)間，而since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。例：He has been in Guangzhou in 1995. 表地點(diǎn)時(shí)，at表示在“范圍較小的地方，強(qiáng)調(diào)“點(diǎn)； in表示“范圍較大的地方，強(qiáng)調(diào)“空間或“范圍。例：When did your father arrive in China?He got to

56、Shenzhen on the morning of the 4th of April.“across+外表表示“橫過(guò)；“through+空間表示“穿過(guò)； over表示從上面“越過(guò)例：The bird is flying through the window.表示“之間時(shí)，between表示“在兩者之間，而among表示“三者或三者以上之中。在與方位名詞east, west, south, north連用時(shí), “on強(qiáng)調(diào)“接鄰；“ in表示“在內(nèi)部， 而“to那么表示“在外部例：Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中國(guó)東部。表示“用時(shí)，“with+手段，“

57、by+交通工具，“in+語(yǔ)言?！癷n+顏色如：in red, in a blue shirt, “on+電器，如on TV, on the internet, on the telephone. to, of, for, with接人稱(chēng)代詞，表示不同意義，to強(qiáng)調(diào)方位轉(zhuǎn)移，of本身，for為，with和。above表示“高出，在之上位置，“以上，超過(guò)，高于數(shù)量、年齡等。常用的介詞短語(yǔ)：帶about的短語(yǔ)：talk about(談?wù)?議論,討論), throw about(到處扔), think about(考慮, 回想), worry about擔(dān)憂, what about怎樣?, be ex

58、cited about對(duì)某事感到興奮。帶with的短語(yǔ)：talk with(與.交談,想說(shuō)服), agree with(同意), quarrel with(跟.吵架, 不同意) come up with(趕上, 提出), helpWith(幫助某人), catch up with(趕上, 逮捕, 處分), be angry with(對(duì)某人生氣), be filled with(充滿著), be fed up with(厭煩), be pleased with(對(duì).喜歡, 滿意于), get on well with(融洽相處)。帶over的短語(yǔ)：go over(復(fù)習(xí)), all over(全

59、部結(jié)束, 到處), trip over(絆倒), look over(從.上面看,觀察,調(diào)查), come over(過(guò)來(lái),抓住), turnover(打翻,周轉(zhuǎn),移交給,翻閱)。帶down的短語(yǔ)：sit down(坐下), get down (從.)下來(lái), cut down(砍倒), turn down(向下折轉(zhuǎn)), slow down (使)慢下來(lái), shut down關(guān)閉, fall down倒下, come down下來(lái),病倒, write down寫(xiě)下, up and down上下地, put (something) down放下某物。一、單項(xiàng)選擇。( ) 1. He will co

60、me _ a week. A. in B. on C. at D. for( ) 2. She often helps _ our maths. A. with B. on C. at D. in( ) 3. The TV play have been on _ two hours. A. for B. to C. in D. at( ) 4. We usually begin to watch TV _ seven_Sunday. A. in; in B. at; in C. in; on D. at; on( ) 5. Im glad to make friends _you. A. ab