直接賓語(yǔ)變間接賓語(yǔ)課件

1、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)面面觀張媛媛直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)面面觀一、如何變?nèi)朔Q(chēng)： 口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱(chēng)不更新?！耙浑S主”是指在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果從句中的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)或被第一人稱(chēng)所修飾。從句中的人稱(chēng)要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)變化如：Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.”Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.“二隨賓”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱(chēng)要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)。也可以用第一人稱(chēng)，如： ： Hesa

2、idtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?” HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 “第三人稱(chēng)不更新”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)或被第三人稱(chēng)所修飾從句中的人稱(chēng)一般不需要變化如： MrSmithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.”MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodboy. 二.如何變時(shí)態(tài)：1.如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)則無(wú)需變化。He says: “ that s all right.”He says that is all right. His friend says: “my mother

3、 will bring me a gift.”His friend says his mother will take him a gift.2.如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí),則間接引語(yǔ)中賓語(yǔ)從句須用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)?；驹瓌t是：往過(guò)去的方向推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變成一般過(guò)去時(shí)，1.She said: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-（一般過(guò)去時(shí) ）2.Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。 Tom said, “

4、 I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.一般將來(lái)時(shí)-（ 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)）She said ,“I am reading a book.”She said she was reading a book.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-（ 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) ）直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)canmay過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)couldmight1.Theteacher said Theearthmoves

5、aroundthesun.”Theteachersaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun. 2.Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him. 3.Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.4.Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.5

6、.(could,should,would,might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” ( oughtto，hadbetter,usedto) Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài) 不變Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”Theteachersai

7、dtheearthmovesaround thesun.直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)， 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning?！盚es

8、aidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變（例：could,should,would,might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式不再變例： oughtto，hadbetter,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.PetersaidIhad

9、bettergotherethatday.和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，三、如何變狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來(lái)”（例：now變?yōu)閠hen,yesterday變?yōu)閠hedaybefore today變?yōu)?that day He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” He said he wanted to go swimming then.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，尤其表示方向性的， here 變 there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.” The teacher s

10、aid I should go there at 7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ)，由“此”改為“彼” 例：this改為that Hesaid,Thisbooksismine.“Hesaidthatbook washis. 直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthatthesethose時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowthentodaythat daythis morningthat morning three days agothree days beforeLast week the week beforetomorrowthe next /following daynext yearthe next year地點(diǎn)

11、狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comego四、如何變句型： 直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo) 的賓語(yǔ)從句。 Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“ Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)句， 間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由 whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句. Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“ HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim. Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttosc

12、hoolbybusorbybike. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序）。 Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner. Sheaskedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?”Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in.直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為“Tell (ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。如：

13、1.Dontmakeanynoise,the teachersaidtothestudents.Shetold(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanynoise. 2.“Open the door,please,saidshe.Sheaskedhimtoopen the door.直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Lets”開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用“suggest+動(dòng)句詞（或從句）”如： Hesaid,Letsgotothemovies.Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies.直賓-間賓隨堂練習(xí)（答案：.1-6 CAABAB 7-12 BABDAB .1 what I should say 2. my, was 3. what I was doing 4. that I was 5. would go the next/following day6. if I liked 7. he couldnt that 8. where his came 9. if she was 10. told to pass him一道200