語法分詞作定語解析課件

1、分詞作定語第1頁，共33頁。現(xiàn)在分詞 動名詞不定式一般式doing doing to do進行式 X Xto be doing被動式being done being doneto be done完成式having donehaving doneto have done完成被動式having been donehaving been doneto have been done否定式not doingnot doingnot to do復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Tom doing Toms/his doingfor sb to do增加詞性語法成分 adj. adv.定表補狀n.主表賓定n. adj. adv.主表

2、賓定狀補第2頁，共33頁。分詞作定語分詞短語作定語時，放在被修飾的名詞之后；單個分詞作定語時，一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。例如：The man standing at the window is our teacher.A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滾石不生苔；轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)不聚財 第3頁，共33頁。現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作前置定語的區(qū)別1. 現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行的主動動作： the rising sun = the sun that is rising a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 boiling water 沸水 a waiting crowd2.現(xiàn)在分

3、詞表示主動但不在進行：He is a promising student. 有前途的學(xué)生 remaining days 剩下的歲月 an embarrassing position 窘境第4頁，共33頁?，F(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作前置定語的區(qū)別 3. 過去分詞表示被動且有時已完成的含義： the risen sun = the sun that has just risen fried eggs 煎蛋 required course boiled water 開（過的）水 4.過去分詞表示完成且有主動的含義（僅限于某些不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語） escaped prisoners 逃犯 retur

4、ned students 歸國留學(xué)生 retired workers 退休工人 departed friend 離去的朋友 第5頁，共33頁。過去分詞用在表示情緒的詞語中：He gave a satisfied smile. 他給了個滿意的微笑 a frightened glance a worried look an excited scream his embarrassed expression但是：relaxed/relaxing environment驚恐的掃視他的尷尬的舉止放松的環(huán)境愁容激動的尖叫聲第6頁，共33頁。注意：當(dāng)被修飾的詞與分詞是被動關(guān)系但分詞動作正在發(fā)生時用being

5、 done形式表示:區(qū)別：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. The film shown in the cinema was exciting. 第7頁，共33頁。Change the following complex sentences into simple ones.Do you know the young man who is waiting outside the school gate?Do you know the young man waiting outside the school gate?There se

6、ems to be something wrong with the cat that is lying at the corner of the street.There seems to be something wrong with the cat lying at the corner of the street.第8頁，共33頁。Can you show me any word which begins with the letter “x”?Can you show me any word beginning with the letter “x”?Shanghai is a ci

7、ty which is changing rapidly. Shanghai is city changing rapidly.第9頁，共33頁。The teacher stood among the children who were laughing.The teacher stood among the laughing children.The man who was wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.The man wearing a blue shirt

8、 and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.第10頁，共33頁。Last night we eventually got the message which concerned the special meeting.Last night we eventually got the message concerning the special meeting.Many of the students who hope to enter the university will be disappointed beca

9、use only one-tenth of those who apply for admission will be accepted.Many of the students hoping to enter the university will be disappointed because only one tenth of those applying for admission will be accepted.第11頁，共33頁。Exercises 第12頁，共33頁。一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)1._many times , but he still couldnt understand

10、it.2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it. A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been toldCA&D第13頁，共33頁。3. _to the left , youll find the post office.4. If you _to the left , youll find the post office.5. _to the left , and youll find the post office. A. Turning B. To t

11、urn C. Turn D. TurnedACC第14頁，共33頁。二、分析邏輯主語1. _no buses , we have to walk home.2. _Sunday， I shall have a quiet day at home. A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being AD第15頁，共33頁。三、分析語態(tài)_from space , the earth looks blue.2._from space , we can see the earth is blue. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To s

12、ee D. SeeAB第16頁，共33頁。3. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside. 4. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside. A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washedBD第17頁，共33頁。四、分析時態(tài)The building _now will be a restaurant. 2. The building _next year will be a restaurant.3. The

13、building _last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built C. being built D. built CBD第18頁，共33頁。4.He stood there _ for his mother.5. _for two hours , he went away. A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D. Having waited6.What is the reason for _there? A. not your going B. not your go C. your

14、not going D. you not to go ADC第19頁，共33頁。1. _wont be of much help. A .Toms going B. Tom going C. Tom to go D. Tom goes2. _a teacher , I should set a good example to students. A. Being B. Having been C. To being D. As I being3. _a teacher ,one must first be their pupil. A. Being B. Having been C. To b

15、e D. To have been第20頁，共33頁。4. They suggested _ the sports meet till next Tuesday. A. us to put off B. our putting off C. us of putting off D. we put off5. As the stone was too heavy to move , I left it _ on the ground. A. laying B. lay C. lying D. lain.第21頁，共33頁。6. Tigers _ meat-eating animals , _mea