2022年中考復(fù)習(xí)習(xí)慣上后接to do sth和of doing sth的常見名詞

1、習(xí)慣上后接to do sth和of doing sth的常見名詞1. ability能力，才能按傳統(tǒng)語法，要表示“做某事的能力”，ability后面習(xí)慣上要接不定式。如：Hardy had the ability to see this.哈代有能力看到這一點(diǎn)。Im sure of his ability to cope with this.我肯定他有能力應(yīng)付此事。His ability to get on with people is his chief asset.他與人融洽相處的能力是他的主要資本。但是，在現(xiàn)代英語中，ability后面也可接of doing sth，雖然不如接不定式普遍。

2、如：I admire his ability of doing the work quickly.我羨慕他工作做得快。2. ambition雄心，抱負(fù)，夙愿表示“想做某事的雄心”，其后通常接不定式。如：She realized her ambition to succeed as an artist.她實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為藝術(shù)家的抱負(fù)。His parents do not sympathize with his ambition to be an actor.他父母不贊成他當(dāng)演員的志愿。有時(shí)也接of doing sth，但不如接不定式的情形普通。如：She never achieved her ambi

3、tion of becoming a famous writer.她一直沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)名作家的夙愿。My family is right behind me in my ambition to become of becoming a doctor.我們家對(duì)我立志當(dāng)醫(yī)生完全支持。3. challenge挑戰(zhàn)按傳統(tǒng)語法，要表示“做某事的挑戰(zhàn)”“挑戰(zhàn)做某事”，challenge后習(xí)慣上要接不定式。如：I took up his challenge to run a race.我接受他提出和我賽跑的挑戰(zhàn)。He accepted his friends challenge to swim across t

4、he river.他接受朋友的挑戰(zhàn)，比賽游過河去。但是，在現(xiàn)代英語中，名詞challenge后面有時(shí)也可后接of doing sth作定語，雖然不如接不定式普遍。如：Ms Garvey now faces the challenge of improving the citys public transportation system.加維女士目前正面臨著改善該市公共交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的挑戰(zhàn)。4. chance機(jī)會(huì)；可能性(1)表示做某事的機(jī)會(huì)，chance（可數(shù)或不可數(shù)）后面可接不定式作定語，也可接of doing sth作定語。如：It is a good chance to study of

5、studying English.這是學(xué)習(xí)英語的好機(jī)會(huì)。Please give me a chance to explain.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來讓我解釋一下。She grabbed the chance to work for the company and accepted the job immediately.她抓住機(jī)會(huì)，立即接受了這個(gè)職位，為這家公司工作。(2)表示做某事的可能性，chance（不可數(shù)）后面通常接of doing sth，很少接不定式。如：They should have a good chance of winning the competition.他們應(yīng)該很有可能贏

6、得比賽。To be frank with you, I think your son has little chance of passing the exam.說實(shí)在的，我認(rèn)為你兒子這次考試及格的可能性不大。5. determination決心，決定(1)若泛指做某事的決心或決定，其后通常接不定式作定語。如：She had a determination to go abroad.她決心出國(guó)( HYPERLINK / )。(2)若特指（如有定冠詞或物主代詞修飾）某人做某事的決心或決定，其后可接動(dòng)詞不定式或of doing sth（但遠(yuǎn)不如接不定式普通）。如：The president und

7、erlined his determination to pursue the rebels.總統(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)了他追捕叛亂分子的決心。This latest development has further strengthened my determination to leave.最近事態(tài)的發(fā)展更增強(qiáng)了我離開的決心。He came with the determination to stay of staying only one week.他來的時(shí)候決定只留一個(gè)星期。6. favour善行，恩惠表示“善行”和“恩惠”的具體內(nèi)容，其后可接不定式或of doing sth。如：Do me the fa

8、vour to open the window. / Do me the favour of opening the window.勞駕請(qǐng)把窗戶打開。但在in favour of doing sth（贊成做某事）中，不用不定式。如：I am in favour of going to the theatre.我贊成去看戲。Are you in favour of soaking the rich?你贊成向富人多征稅嗎?They decided in favour of reducing the fees.他們決定減低費(fèi)用。7. honour榮幸，榮譽(yù)表示“有幸做某事”“榮幸地做某事”，說成英語

9、通常是have the honour of doing sth。如：She has the honor of being given an award.她榮幸地被授予獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。The mayor has the honor of introducing the President to the audience.市長(zhǎng)榮幸地把總統(tǒng)介紹給觀眾。She has the singulalr honor of winning the Nobel Prize in chemistry.她享有獲得諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的特殊榮譽(yù)。有時(shí)也用have the honour to do sth，但遠(yuǎn)不如用上面的結(jié)構(gòu)普通。如：

10、I have the honour to introduce Mr Jones.我很榮幸地介紹瓊斯先生。8. intention想法，打算(1)受物主代詞修飾時(shí)，其后通常接不定式作定語。如：She announced her intention to resign.她宣布了辭職的打算。The council has announced its intention to crack down on parking offences.市政會(huì)宣布了打擊違章停車的計(jì)劃。偶爾也接of doing sth，但不如接不定式普通。如：Megan suddenly announced her intention

11、 of selling the house.梅甘突然宣布她計(jì)劃賣掉房子。(2)當(dāng)其前有定冠詞修飾時(shí)，通常用不定式。如：The intention by the local authority to build 2,000 new houses is unrealistic.當(dāng)?shù)卣藿?000座新房舍的打算不切實(shí)際。但在with the intention of doing sth這一結(jié)構(gòu)中一般不用不定式。如：They went into town with the intention of visiting the library.他們進(jìn)城的目的是去參觀圖書館。(3)當(dāng)其前有no, ever

12、y或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)（其中的no可視為“無”的極限，every可視為“所有”的極限均可視為一種間接的最高級(jí)），其后通常接of doing sth，一般不接不定式。如：I have no intention of changing jobs.我無意變換工作。We have every intention of winning this competition.我們一心想贏得這場(chǎng)比賽。(4)當(dāng)其前有any修飾時(shí)，用不定式或of doing均可以。如：In a television interview last night she denied she had any intention of resi

13、gning.在昨晚對(duì)她的一次采訪中，她否認(rèn)有辭職的打算。The newspaper denies any intention to defame the senators reputation.報(bào)紙否認(rèn)有意要中傷這位參議員的名聲。9. liberty自由表示“做某事的自由”，其后通常接不定式。如：The system allows us complete liberty to do the task as we like.這一體制讓我們完全自由地按照自己的方法完成任務(wù)。用于at liberty（自由的）時(shí)，也通常后接不定式。如：He is not at liberty to reveal se

14、cret information.他無權(quán)透露秘密。You are at liberty to go where you wish.你可以想去哪兒就去哪兒。All people are at liberty to express his opinion.所有人都可以發(fā)表自己的意見。但是，在固定搭配take the liberty of doing sth（擅自或冒昧做某事物）中，不用不定式。如：I took the liberty of cancelling your reservation.我擅自取消了你的預(yù)訂。He took the liberty of reading my files w

15、hile I was away.我不在的時(shí)候他擅自看了我的文件。10. misfortune不幸，災(zāi)禍在現(xiàn)代英語中，名詞misfortune后既可接不定式，也可接of doing sth（雖然不如接不定式的用法普通）。如：They had the misfortune to be hit by a violent storm.他們不幸遇上了猛烈的風(fēng)暴。Hes the most irritating man Ive ever had the misfortune to meet.他是我不幸碰到的最討厭的人。注：在傳統(tǒng)語法中，名詞misfortune后要接不定式，而不接of doing sth，但

16、在現(xiàn)代英語中已打破這一習(xí)慣。11. necessity必要，迫切需要其后既可接不定式，也可接of doing sth，表示做某事的必要或需要。如：He felt a great necessity to talk about his problems.他覺得很有必要談?wù)勛约旱膯栴}。She saw the necessity to make an immediate impression on him.她意識(shí)到必須立刻給他留下印象。We were discussing the necessity of employing more staff.我們?cè)谟懻撌欠裥枰陀酶鄦T工。This illus

17、trates the necessity of keeping accurate records of your work.這說明有必要準(zhǔn)確記錄你的工作情況。用于固定句式under the necessity of doing sth（被迫做某事），without the necessity of doing sth（不必做某事）等，通常采用of doing sth這樣的后置修飾語。如：She was under the necessity of selling all her jewellery.她被迫變賣了她所有的珠寶。You can dial direct without the nec

18、essity of going through the operator.你不必通過接線員，可以直接撥號(hào)。12. right權(quán)利，權(quán)力( HYPERLINK / )表示做某事的權(quán)利，其后通常接不定式，但也可接of doing sth。如：Associate members do not have the right to vote.準(zhǔn)會(huì)員沒有選舉權(quán)。He demanded the right to decide for himself.他要求得到自己做決定的權(quán)力。The producers reserve the right to cancel the outdoor concert if it rains.演出者保留取消雨天舉辦戶