2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題13名詞性從句含解析

1、2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題13名詞性從句含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題13名詞性從句含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)備考專項(xiàng)沖刺專題13名詞性從句含解析專題13 【名詞性從句】解題指導(dǎo)觸類旁通尋方法，求策略,掌握“套路”1.兩步突破名詞性從句第一步：識(shí)別名詞性從句的種類1首先確定主句的謂語動(dòng)詞,確定主句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)；2分析從句在主句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑_定從句所屬類型：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。第二步:分析從句結(jié)構(gòu),確定從句引導(dǎo)詞確定從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義是否完整，結(jié)合句意填寫適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞。1若從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用從屬連詞：陳述事實(shí)用that；表示疑問“是否”

2、用if或whether；2若從句缺少主語、賓語、表語或定語，則考慮用連接代詞；3若從句缺少狀語，則用連接副詞。另外，還需注意一些特殊的引導(dǎo)詞（if, whether， because, as if等）的用法及that引導(dǎo)同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別.1.利用2個(gè)技巧破解名詞性從句技巧1 分析句子成分缺少主語、賓語、表語:用連接代詞what、 who、 whom、 which、 whatever等。缺少狀語（結(jié)合句意判斷）：用連接副詞where(表地點(diǎn))、 when（表時(shí)間)、 how（表方式）、 why（表原因)等.不缺成分，句意不完整，缺少“是否：用if/whether.不缺成分且句子意義完整

3、：用that。技巧2結(jié)合句意和引導(dǎo)詞的本義解題有些引導(dǎo)詞在句中有很鮮明的意義，如if“是否”； whoever “無論誰； whatever “無論什么”； whichever “無論哪一個(gè)(在范圍中選擇)”; because“因?yàn)椤保?why “為什么”等。結(jié)合句意和語境，不難解決這類試題。2。牢記what和that的區(qū)別that沒有詞義，也不作任何成分，當(dāng)從句意義完整，不缺任何成分時(shí)用that.what在從句中表示“的（東西)，在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語等成分?？键c(diǎn)突破針對(duì)提能明考點(diǎn)，攻重難，有效提升 考點(diǎn)一、主語從句1主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞作用that, whether， if只

4、起連接作用,不在從句中作成分，但一般不可省略。當(dāng)主語從句位于句首時(shí)，常用whether引導(dǎo)，不用ifwhat， who， whose, which, whatever, whichever, whoever等在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語how, when， where， why等在從句中作狀語(安徽卷）The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking， are fixed at birth， but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.通

5、常來說，一個(gè)人智力上的極限從一出生就確定了,但他是否能夠達(dá)到極限取決于他所處的環(huán)境。(北京卷)Your support is important to our work。Whatever you can do helps.你的支持對(duì)我們的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都會(huì)有所幫助。(北京卷）What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness。芭芭拉瓊斯展現(xiàn)給她的粉絲們的是誠實(shí)和快樂.(北京卷)How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel。我們?nèi)绾卫斫馐?/p>

6、情與我們所感受到的有很大關(guān)系。(江蘇卷)Where Li Bai， a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it。中國偉大的詩人李白出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人對(duì)此并不接受。2用it作形式主語的主語從句Itbe形容詞（necessary/likely/important/certain等)that從句Itbe名詞(短語）（a pity/a shame/no wonder等）that從句Itbe過去分詞(said/told/reported等)that從句It不及物動(dòng)詞(seem，

7、occur， appear, happen, matter等）that從句（湖北卷）It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的會(huì)議要參加。(天津卷)It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future。應(yīng)該為未來做好充分準(zhǔn)備這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于學(xué)生們來說很清楚?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】在“Itbesuggested/advised/ordered/requ

8、ested/insisted/required。.that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語應(yīng)用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”。It is suggested that you（should) spend more time in studying English.建議你花更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語?？键c(diǎn)二、賓語從句賓語從句位于及物動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語或介詞之后。1賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞有三類：從屬連詞只起連接作用，不作句子成分，that無詞義，whether/if意為“是否”;連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；連接副詞在從句中只作狀語。從屬連詞that， whether, if連接代詞what， who, wh

9、ose， which， whatever， whichever， whoever等連接副詞how， when， where, why， wherever， whenever等(2018天津卷）The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race。金牌將會(huì)頒發(fā)給在自行車比賽中獲得第一的任何人。(2017天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt

10、.她問我是否把書還給圖書館了，我承認(rèn)我還沒有還。(四川卷）Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.我們的老師總是告訴我們,如果我們想成功的話，就要相信我們所做的事情以及我們自己。（山東卷）Weve offered her the job， but I dont know whether shell accept it.我們已經(jīng)給她提供了工作，但我不知道她是否會(huì)接受?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】（1）that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，常被省去，但下列情況下不能省略:that從句作介詞

11、的賓語時(shí)；動(dòng)詞后跟有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)that可以省略，從第二個(gè)從句開始that不可省略;主句謂語動(dòng)詞(包括非謂語動(dòng)詞）與賓語從句之間有插入語時(shí)；that引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首時(shí)。（2)在介詞后的賓語從句中，連接詞表示“是否時(shí),只用whether，不用if。2it作形式賓語的賓語從句動(dòng)詞find/feel/think/consider/makeit賓補(bǔ)（形容詞或名詞)不定式/that從句動(dòng)詞hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoyitthat從句短語動(dòng)詞see to/depend on/rely onitthat從句固定搭配take it for

12、granted/owe it to sb.that從句I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的時(shí)候，我負(fù)責(zé)把他照顧好。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day。我認(rèn)為我們每天多喝白開水是有必要的.【名師點(diǎn)津】賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：一般情況下，賓語從句需與主句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致,即當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),從句可根據(jù)具體情況選用合適的時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)主句為過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句需用相應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)從句的內(nèi)容為真理或客

13、觀事實(shí)時(shí)，從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).考點(diǎn)三、表語從句在句中作表語的從句稱為表語從句。表語從句位于系動(dòng)詞之后。1表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞有三類:從屬連詞只起連接作用，不作句子成分；連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；連接副詞在從句中只作狀語。從屬連詞that， whether， if連接代詞what， who， whose, which， whatever, whichever, whoever等連接副詞how, when， where, why， wherever， whenever等(2018北京卷）This is what my father has taught meto always f

14、ace difficulties and hope for the best.這是我父親教我的總是要面對(duì)困難，并抱最大的希望.(北京卷)The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal。這個(gè)足球明星最美好的時(shí)刻是他射進(jìn)制勝球的時(shí)候.(上海卷)The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended。對(duì)用戶來說最重要的是產(chǎn)品達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。2其他連接詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句（1）as if/as tho

15、ugh引導(dǎo)表語從句as if/as though意為“好像，仿佛，其引導(dǎo)的表語從句常跟在系動(dòng)詞（be動(dòng)詞， seem， appear， look， taste， sound, feel， smell等)之后。若表語從句所述的是非真實(shí)的情況，從句用虛擬語氣;若所述的是事實(shí)或是極可能發(fā)生的情況,從句用陳述語氣。The thick smog covered the whole city。It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it。厚重的煙霧覆蓋著整個(gè)城市，好像把一張厚厚的黑色毯子扔到它的上面。（2）because，why引導(dǎo)的

16、表語從句This/That/It is why表語從句(表結(jié)果）,意為“這/那就是的原因”This/That/It is because表語從句（表原因)，意為“這/那是因?yàn)椤盩he reason why。is that表語從句,意為“的原因是”（安徽卷)From space, the earth looks blue。This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water。從太空中看，地球是藍(lán)色的.這是因?yàn)榈厍虮砻婕s百分之七十一都被水覆蓋著。He didnt work hard。Thats why

17、 he was fired。他沒有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因?？键c(diǎn)四、同位語從句1同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞之后，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。其引導(dǎo)詞主要有that, whether, why, who， where， how, when等。在同位語從句中，that和whether不作句子成分,that無詞義，whether表示“是否”；if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句.引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞一般都不能省略.（天津卷)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant。Ther

18、e is too much work to do.經(jīng)理提出一個(gè)建議，我們應(yīng)該有個(gè)助手。有太多的工作要做.He asked her the question whether they can be friends.他問了一個(gè)問題：他們能否成為朋友.You have no idea how worried I was！你不知道我有多著急!2常跟同位語從句的名詞后常跟同位語從句的名詞有advice, fact， doubt, suggestion， hope， demand， conclusion， idea， news， order, request, thought， word, wish， p

19、romise, truth， information， message, belief， report， desire, problem, possibility等。(遼寧卷)When the news came that the war broke out， he decided to serve in the army.當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的消息傳來時(shí)，他決定去參軍。(浙江卷）I made a promise to myself that this year， my first year in high school, would be different.我對(duì)自己承諾：今年，也就是我高中的第一年，

20、會(huì)有所不同。跟蹤檢測(cè)遷移應(yīng)用練模擬，練規(guī)范，夯基提能 I。高考真題診斷單句語法填空1。（2019全國卷）While they are rare north of 88，there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada。2。(2018全國卷)Im not sure _ is more frightened， me or the female gorilla（大猩猩） that suddenly appears out of nowhere.3。

21、（2020全國新高考I）Write a poem about _how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.4。(2018全國卷I）Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use _he taught me.5.（2018全國卷I)Adults understand _ what it feels like to be flooded with objects。【答案詳解】1.答案

22、：that 解析:that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋evidence的具體內(nèi)容。句意：雖然它們?cè)?8度以北很罕見，但有證據(jù)表明，它們的活動(dòng)范圍遍及整個(gè)北極,甚至南至加拿大的詹姆斯灣。2。答案:who 解析：從句中缺少主語且設(shè)空處表示“人”， 故用who引導(dǎo)。句意：我不確定誰更害怕,是我或者是突然憑空出現(xiàn)的雌性大猩猩。3。答案：how 解析:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)賓語從句。how表示方式，意為“如何/怎樣。.。.。”句意：寫一首關(guān)于勇氣、決心和力量如何/怎樣幫助你面對(duì)生活中的挑戰(zhàn)的詩.4.what 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞use之后為賓語從句，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞 taught,根據(jù) teach

23、 sb sth可知，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)此賓語從句，并在從句中作賓語。句意：在上了阿什利的象棋課10年之后,我仍然在使用他教我的知識(shí).5.what 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞understand之后為賓語從句。從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為 feels,it為形式主語,真正的主語為不定式短語 to be flooded with objects，從句缺少賓語，所以用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。句意：成年人理解被物品淹沒的感覺。II。精選典題名詞性從句專題對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練單句語法填空6。(2020瀏陽六校聯(lián)考)A typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this： when a new

24、 couple is engaged, _follows is a choice of the date of their marriage.7.（2020北京朝陽期中)So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face， and that is _I never forget a name.8.(2020河北衡水中學(xué)一調(diào)）There is no doubt _the event will attract more visitors to enjoy visiting this wonderful

25、city.9。（2020洛陽期中)After being designated as the first special economic zone in China, _was once a fishing village has rapidly become an emerging modern city.10。（2020北京順義二模)I lost my wallet after going shopping last Friday evening.But I couldnt remember _I lost it.11.(2020湖北重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)合協(xié)作體期中）Experts hold th

26、e opinion _a small amount of stress can be good in exams。12。（2020哈爾濱三中二調(diào))The impact and ultimate result depend on _you do with the difficulties that you have。13.(2020哈爾濱六中二模）In Martins world， we are not sure _the good will win in the end or not.14。(2020吉林普通高中調(diào)研）It is possible _caffeine may cause bir

27、th defects(缺陷） in humans， too.15.(2020濟(jì)寧二模）Young women seem to perform worse than men on high.level math tests.That is _has confused the educators for ages?！敬鸢冈斀狻?.答案:what 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知what引導(dǎo)主語從句, 從句中缺少主語且表示事物, 故用what引導(dǎo).句意：現(xiàn)在典型的中國婚禮是這樣的：當(dāng)一對(duì)新人訂婚了，接下來就是選擇結(jié)婚的日子。7.答案:why/how 解析：此句用到that is why/how 引導(dǎo)的表語從句

28、.意思是“那就是的原因/方式”。句意：所以下次我再見到那個(gè)人的時(shí)候，我也會(huì)看到他或她臉上的名字，這就是為什么我從來不會(huì)忘記一個(gè)人的名字.8.答案：that 解析：doubt用在否定句中時(shí)后面的賓語從句用that引導(dǎo)。句意：毫無疑問，這一活動(dòng)將吸引更多的游客來參觀這座美妙的城市。9。答案：what 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知what引導(dǎo)主語從句, 從句中缺少主語且表示事物, 故用what引導(dǎo)。句意：在被指定為中國第一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)后，這個(gè)曾經(jīng)的漁村迅速成為了一個(gè)新興的現(xiàn)代化城市。10。答案：where 解析：設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作remember的賓語，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。句意:上周五晚上購物后我把錢

29、包丟了。但我記不起我把它丟在哪兒了.11。答案：that 解析:設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，對(duì)opinion進(jìn)行解釋說明，且從句中不缺成分,意義完整，故填that。句意：專家們認(rèn)為少量的壓力在考試中是有好處的。12.答案：what 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，介詞on后面的賓語從句中do with 缺少直接賓語，故填what。句意：影響和最終的結(jié)果取決于你如何處理你所面臨的困難。13。答案:whether 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，the good will win in the end or not是Im not sure的賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處表示“是否”，故用whether連接。句意：在馬丁

30、的世界里，我們不能確定善行最終是否會(huì)取勝。14。答案：that 解析:“It十be十形容詞十that.?！睘楣潭ň涫?， 其中It為形式主語， that從句是真正的主語.句意：咖啡因可能會(huì)在人類中導(dǎo)致出生缺陷。15。答案：what 解析：what引導(dǎo)表語從句, 在從句中作主語。句意：在高水平數(shù)學(xué)考試中，年輕女性的表現(xiàn)似乎比男性差。這就是多年來困擾教育家們的問題.III.精選典題名詞性從句專題對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練單句改錯(cuò)16。Everyone in the village is very friendly; it doesnt matter that you have lived there for a sh

31、ort or a long time。17.Which impresses me most is Miss Zhangs way of teaching。 18。 The first reason why I consider him as my best friend is because he has a very warm personality.19。 Today，English is which my strength lies. And Im grateful to my English teacher.20.Its not easy for us to accept the fa

32、ct which we are going to leave our beloved school。 【答案詳解】16。答案:thatwhether 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,it為形式主語，it doesnt matter之后為主語從句，而且從句中有or，構(gòu)成“whether。.。.or。.無論.。.。.還是。”句式。句意：村里的每個(gè)人都很友好；你在那里住的時(shí)間短還是長都沒有關(guān)系。17.答案：WhichWhat 解析：連接代詞之間的誤用what引導(dǎo)的主語從句， 從句中缺少主語且表示事物， 故用what引導(dǎo)。句意：給我印象最深的是張老師的教學(xué)方法.18。答案：becausethat 解析：考查名

33、詞性從句.主語為名詞reason，表語從句中的連接詞要用that.19。答案：whichwhere 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中is后接表語從句， 引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語， 故用where， 表示“英語就是我的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)所在(之處)”。20.答案:whichthat 解析:fact之后為同位語從句對(duì)fact進(jìn)行解釋說明，且從句中不缺成分，意義完整,故將which改為that。IV.精選典題名詞性從句專題對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練短文語法填空 It was reported_21_there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning. No

34、one saw_22_on earth happened then。 A car ran into a truck but fortunately, nobody got injured。_23_is responsible for the accident is still under investigation。 The police are uncertain about_24_the driver is guilty. _25_the police should do now is _26_they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was