2022022學(xué)年滬教牛津版八年級(jí)（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（七）

1、202L2022學(xué)年滬教牛津版八年級(jí)(上)英語寒假作業(yè)(七)一.詞匯應(yīng)用(共15小題)The wood (will float/floats) if you (put/will put) it on water.If I (will have/have) one thousand dollars. I (will buy/buy) a new big house for my parents.Lily (will go/go/goes) to have a picnic if it (will be/is) a fine day tomorrow.Dont speak loudly if yo

2、u ( are/will be) in the library.If you (will take/take) a fish out of water for a long time, it (will die/dies).Unless she (wont pass/doesnt/passes/will pass) (he exam, she (can/cant) go to Australia.They(wont go/don( go/will go/go) to the beach unless il(will rain/wont rain/doesnt rain/rains).This

3、passage is (值得)reading carefully.Can you find out the best (方法)to solve the problem?Can you tell me how to improve my (記憶力)? I always forget things.There are many brooms in the (角落)of the classroom.The victory is worth ( celebrate ) ?If you ( work ) hard, you ( get ) good marks.Could you tell me how

4、 you got ( injure ) on your head. Tony?They can remember it better if sonieone ( give ) them some advice about it.二.完形填空(共1小題)Whats your idea about success? Some people say that beginners have all ihe luck, while others believe that success (1) only with practice. In tact. I feel both of these state

5、ments (陳述) arc not true all the (imc. Each is true in some ways (2) not in others.For example, I went to a drawing competition many years ago and (3) surprisingly. As a prize, I got a film ticket to see Titanic. I was really (4) because it was the first time I had taken part in any competition. Thin

6、king that I might be lucky again. I (5) joining in other art competitions. But the result was that 1(6) won again. I accepted the fact that the other people had a(7) artistic ability than I did. Art was not something I was especially interested in and I had never practiced the different art skills.

7、So, the (8) 1 produced were not of a very high standard.These experiences taught me a lot. Though I might have been lucky (9) _ , I also need to put in hardwork. As we know. (10) makes perfect. So I believe success builds on less luck and chance.(1) A. movesB. comesC. returnsD. leaves(2) A. orB. soC

8、. andD. but(3) A. wonB. beganC. failedD. ended(4) A. sorryB. activeC. luckyD nervous(5) A. triedB. forgoiC. sloppedD. remembered(6) A. oftenB. everC. seldomD. never(7) A. greaterB. more naturalC. lowercommonD. more(8) A. resultsB. filmsC. prizesD. drawings(9) A. at lastB. at mostC. at firstD. at lea

9、st(10) A. chanceB. practiceC. dilTcrcnce三.綜合填空(共1小題)D. experienceIn learning English, one should pay attention to listening and speaking. It is worth ( 1 )(do)that becauseit is the groundwork (基礎(chǔ))of reading and writing. Youd better try your best (2)( speak) while you do考點(diǎn)卡片.單詞填空【考行能力介紹】單詞填空題在歷年各地中考都

10、有考查，此題考點(diǎn)涉及面廣，從詞匯到語法，從固定搭配到對(duì)篇章的整體把握對(duì)學(xué) 生都有較高的要求.該題型旨在考查學(xué)生的英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力.常見的題型有以下幾種：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.這一題型主要考查單詞在不同語境中的詞形變化，如名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、 不同詞性之間的變換、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的運(yùn)用、形容詞和副詞的等級(jí)、詞匯的慣用法等等都是它的考查內(nèi)容.【例】I think English is very useful. Are you (interest) in it?分析:所給的interest為動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)習(xí)慣表達(dá)be interested in可知，應(yīng)填interest的形容詞in

11、terested.根據(jù)漢語提示填空.這一題型主要考查學(xué)生的單詞拼寫能力及詞形變化、語法知識(shí)運(yùn)用和詞組區(qū)分能力等：考 查范圍幾乎涉及所有詞性，以實(shí)詞考查為主，虛詞考查較少.【例】Messi (得分)a winning goal in the second half of the match.【考點(diǎn)】翻譯填空.【分析】梅西在下半場的比賽中打進(jìn)制勝一球.【解答】答案：scored考查翻譯填空.句意：梅西在下半場的比賽中打進(jìn)制勝一球.根據(jù)漢語提示及其英語句子， 可知要翻譯的局部為：得分.英語表達(dá)是score,句子是一般過去時(shí)，故答案為scored.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做這類題型，首先根據(jù)所給漢語明確句子所要考查的

12、單.詞或短語的拼寫，再結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)對(duì)單詞或 短語做出形式上的變化.根據(jù)首字母提示填空.這種試題的首字母已給，所填的就必須是該字母開頭的單詞.這既是一種限制，又是一 種提示.它不僅考位學(xué)生在詞匯、語法等方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，還考位理解、推導(dǎo)、分析等綜合能力.【例】The boys have m all the skills of that game.【考點(diǎn)】首字母填空.【分析】男孩已經(jīng)掌握那個(gè)游戲的所有技能.【解答】答案：masiered.跳過空格推知句意是掌握了技能，故用動(dòng)詞master,結(jié)合have和句意表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生 在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響，故用現(xiàn)在:完成時(shí)havc，has+過去分詞，

13、故答案是inasiercd.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有兩種用法L過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果或到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成 的動(dòng)作.2.表示過去發(fā)生的、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).選詞填空.這一題型往往給出幾個(gè)不同的選項(xiàng)和不同的句子，要求考生對(duì)號(hào)入座，根據(jù)語法知識(shí)和構(gòu)詞法規(guī)那么 選出適當(dāng)詞匯，寫出正確的答案，考查考生具體運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力.因篇幅有限，不再舉例.以文章形式出現(xiàn)的詞語運(yùn)用題和其他題型.對(duì)于單詞填空的考查并不單一是句子填空，也有短文填空，都是題 型不變的基礎(chǔ)上考查方式做了變化，難易程度不一.除了上述幾種題目形式外，單詞填空有時(shí)也涉及根據(jù)音標(biāo)填 空，對(duì)音標(biāo)的掌握情況做出考查.【解題方法

14、點(diǎn)撥】對(duì)于用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，答題時(shí)要做到：A.明確所給詞的詞性；B.弄清所給句子的意思；C.確定空 白處所需的詞性D.正確寫出所填的詞.對(duì)于根據(jù)漢語提示填空，答題時(shí)要做到：A.根據(jù)漢語提示弄清所考查的詞匯；B.結(jié)合語境做出合乎語法和 慣用法的詞形變化：C.填寫拼寫正確的單詞.對(duì)于根據(jù)首字母提示填空，答題時(shí)要做到：A.根據(jù)前后句子理解句子大意，推出設(shè)空處的大致意思；B.根 據(jù)首字母提示確定所需單詞：C.在注意詞性和語法變化的基礎(chǔ)上填寫拼寫正確的適當(dāng)形式.對(duì)于選詞填空，答題時(shí)要做到：A.看備選項(xiàng)，對(duì)詞匯意義做初步了解：B.瀏覽題目，根據(jù)題目需要去備選 項(xiàng)中尋找匹配答案：C.選定詞匯后要根據(jù)語

15、境、語法等來做出適當(dāng)形式變化再填空.對(duì)于短文填空，答題時(shí)要在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)基本方法做出解答.【中考命題方向】中考命題對(duì)于單詞填空的考查是歷年來的重點(diǎn)，各地考查形式不一，但萬變不離其宗，都是對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能 力的綜合考查.考查方式有首字母填空（如武漢、上海等）；適當(dāng)形式填空（如山東、四川等）；詞語運(yùn)用題（如河南等）；等等.記敘文【概念及特點(diǎn)】完形填空題就是在一篇短文中空出某些詞（或短語），每個(gè)空白處提供四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，耍求從中選出一個(gè)最正確答案， 使短文意思完整、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、無語法錯(cuò)誤的題型.完形填空是在單項(xiàng)填空的基礎(chǔ)上開展起來的介于單項(xiàng)填空和閱讀理解之間的一種題型.它題材廣泛，體裁多樣.文

16、章內(nèi)容新穎、有趣、可讀性強(qiáng)，具有鮮明的時(shí)代感，包括社會(huì)生活、風(fēng)上人情、人文環(huán)境、人物傳記等.而夾敘 夾議型文章成為近幾年完形填空變化的一個(gè)特點(diǎn).篇章大多有10或15個(gè)小題，難度符合新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求.完形填空題的特點(diǎn)：I、完形填空題能夠較為全面地考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力.這題型的主要考查內(nèi)容為：（1）語言知識(shí)型.考查語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，如固定短語、基本句型、基礎(chǔ)語法、單詞在一定語境下的具體應(yīng)用、習(xí) 慣用法、常用搭配等.（2）推理判斷型.考查對(duì)篇章的整體理解和推理判斷能力.（3）綜合型.綜合考查知識(shí)和能力.2.完形填空題所選文章有以下兩大特點(diǎn)：（I）所選文章是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（

17、假設(shè)干個(gè)空），但它的內(nèi)容、句與句之間的銜接點(diǎn)、句 了與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍存在于篇章之中.（2）文章選材廣泛近幾年在試題設(shè)計(jì)上選擇了學(xué)生感興趣的熱門話題，降低了對(duì)單詞本身詞義及語法的考查，注重上卜文聯(lián)系，突 出綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力，全面測試考生的閱讀理解能力、邏輯思維能力、邏輯分析能力和推理判斷能力.因此， 考生做完形填空題時(shí)，要快速通讀全文，理解文章大意與各段落的中心意思，把握文章脈絡(luò)和作者的寫作意圖.【命題趨勢】 完形填空題的兩空之間一般相隔7- 1（）個(gè)詞，短文笫一個(gè)句子作為提示句，一般不設(shè)空，并且短文被刪去的詞多 是實(shí)詞（動(dòng)同、名詞、形容詞、副同、代詞為主，而虛詞（

18、介詞、連詞、冠詞）相時(shí)較少，甚至不設(shè)空.其特 點(diǎn)如下：.以考查實(shí)詞為主信息詞匯（或通常所說的“實(shí)詞）比重極大，且有逐年增加的趨勢.降低了對(duì)單詞本身詞義的考查要求突出該題型的主要測試目的：理解全文，通篇考慮，掌握大意，注意關(guān)聯(lián).增加了考杳連詞的題考查考生對(duì)于行文邏輯的掌握及對(duì)文句之間關(guān)聯(lián)性的理解.注重結(jié)合語境考查對(duì)詞語用法的掌握主要涉及兩個(gè)方面：詞義辨析與習(xí)慣搭配.同義詞與近義詞的比擬分辨應(yīng)當(dāng)放到一定的語境之中才有意義.如果 只是一一對(duì)應(yīng)地記單詞的中文意思，不注意具體語境中單詞確實(shí)切含義,是難以分辨一些詞的細(xì)微差異的.【解題步驟】.通讀全文，了解大意做題之前，必須先瀏覽全文，了解短文的大意，這是

19、非常重:要的一個(gè)步驟.通過短文所提供的信息，借助語感及 相關(guān)知識(shí)的推斷，可以從整體上把握短文的輪廓.完形填空題不同于單項(xiàng)填空題，單項(xiàng)填空題所給的是個(gè)或兩個(gè)句子，根據(jù)設(shè)空句或前后語境就可以選出答案.而 完形填空題所給的是篇意思完整的短文，答案的選擇要聯(lián)系整段或整篇文章.切勿為了省時(shí)而邊看邊填；否那么, 只會(huì)欲速那么不達(dá).許多地方看不下去，選擇時(shí)或不解其意，或似懂非懂，從而舉棋不定，這樣不僅錯(cuò)誤率高，而 且費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力.每篇短文總有一定的主題思想，段落之間必須能承上啟下，前后呼應(yīng)，句與句之間也一定緊密相連，形成一個(gè)有 機(jī)的整體.因此通讀全文時(shí)要一氣呵成，不要中斷思路，只要能理解短文的大意即可.某些細(xì)節(jié)

20、不理解可以跳過, 如果不膨響答題，可以置之不理；如果與答題有關(guān)，可等到第二步填空時(shí)再解決.另外，在閱讀時(shí)要特別注意一 篇文章的開頭和結(jié)尾，因?yàn)樗鼈兺軌蛱峁┲饕男?息，有助丁我們把握全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想.瞻前顧后，初選答案在通讀全文，了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上，便可著手答題.根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配，并從上下文中找關(guān)鍵性暗示，注意 前后對(duì)照，憑借語感先選出比擬容易的答案.有些題目設(shè)計(jì)得很巧妙，由下文暗示上文，很有可能開頭的空格填 入四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在語法上都成立，但正確選項(xiàng)要到文章末尾才能知道.反之亦然，文章末尾的空格有可能在上文找到 提示性的內(nèi)容.每空細(xì)讀，分析網(wǎng)酌逐句精讀，逐題分析選項(xiàng)，有少數(shù)

21、空格需多方面地推敲分析，如詞義分析、語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析、上下文推理分析等， 下面是從所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)角度考慮的解題思路：（I）假設(shè)考查冠詞，那么須依據(jù)短文空白后單詞的笫一個(gè)音素來確定是用a還是an,根據(jù)空格后名詞是表示特指還 是泛指來確定是用不定冠詞a/an還是用定冠詞Ihc,或根據(jù)冠詞的習(xí)慣用法來確定.（2）假設(shè)是考查介詞或副詞（如up. out, of, away等）可先從固定搭配入手：假設(shè)不屬于固定搭配，那么根據(jù)句子 結(jié)構(gòu)及介詞和副詞的意義及用法仔細(xì)進(jìn)行推敲從而作出選擇.（3）假設(shè)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是名詞，那么須注意名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式、所有格形式等.（4）如考查形容詞或副詞，那么須根據(jù)其所在句中的作用以及它前

22、面的修飾語等來確定是什么詞性，是應(yīng)用比擬 級(jí)還是最高級(jí).（5）如果考查動(dòng)詞，要么考查在特定語境中動(dòng)詞詞義的辨析，要么考查某些固定搭配或時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)以及非謂語 動(dòng)詞形式等.6）假設(shè)選項(xiàng)是連接詞、關(guān)系詞或連詞，那么應(yīng)根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和上卜.文的意思決定是選擇連接（關(guān)系）代詞還是連 接（關(guān)系）副詞.也可從連詞的一些慣用法或固定搭配等入手，如not.unlil、as.as、not soas或用because 不用so、用bui不用though等.梵核全文，清除疏漏所有的答案選出之后，應(yīng)再次通讀全文，對(duì)所選的答案進(jìn)行核實(shí)調(diào)整，經(jīng)過第三步的逐句推敲之后，對(duì)短文內(nèi)容 的理解更為深刻，最初選擇時(shí)有些難解或誤解的問題

23、這時(shí)就很容易判斷，從而也就能得到更好的解決.這一步費(fèi) 時(shí)不多卻很有必要.【考前須知】.重視首尾句完形填空所選的短文一般無標(biāo)題，但首句通常不設(shè)空格，它很可能是文章開篇的重要交代，為預(yù)測短文體裁及全 文大意提供重要信息.尾句往往是段落的靈魂.首尾句往往是文章的主題句，在主題句中，一般可能出現(xiàn)文章的 背景知識(shí)，故事性文章的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等，抓住并理解主題句對(duì)統(tǒng)觀全文有很大的幫助.先易后難首先做那些只要根據(jù)上下文就能確定答案的直接的、明顯的題目，即考查固定詞組、常見句型或明顯的語法結(jié)構(gòu) 等的題目.對(duì)于生疏的人名、地名以及次要的修飾詞可暫時(shí)擱置一旁，這些東西往往紛雜、累贅，甚至令人厭煩, 可盡量

24、繞開它們.假如某個(gè)空格太難而一時(shí)拿不準(zhǔn)選哪一個(gè)，可先把它放在一邊進(jìn)行“冷卻”，把容易做的全部做 好，這樣就增強(qiáng)了信心，同時(shí)也降低了試題的難度，原來的難題也就不攻自破了.巧斷生詞如果句子中有個(gè)別生詞，要通過上下文或構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)來推斷它的詞義.熟詞新義”的情況有時(shí)也會(huì)碰到，要注意 靈活處理.有時(shí)，生詞對(duì)解題根本沒什么影響，所以碰到生詞大可不必緊張.以長補(bǔ)短，靈活作答有的同學(xué)英語背景知識(shí)豐富，有的語感好，有的語法知識(shí)比擬扎實(shí)，有的邏輯推理能力較強(qiáng).總之要充分發(fā)揮自 己的特長，以長補(bǔ)短，靈活作答，綜合判斷.充滿信心，集中精力答題時(shí)頭腦中切忌出現(xiàn)自己“解不出“做不完“看不懂”等壞信號(hào).集中精力可使答題一氣

25、呵成，既有利于答題效 率的提高，又能保證答題的準(zhǔn)確性.【解題方法】I、利用語境及邏輯關(guān)系解題完形填空的文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次清楚，句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間、上文與下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系很強(qiáng).有 些選項(xiàng)，不僅要符合語法的要求，更要符合語境及邏輯關(guān)系.如：（2018 鹽城）I have had a long career as a nurse. I have met many patients. 28_， I have never met anothergirl like Katy.A. InsteadB. BesidesC. ThereforeD. HoweverInstead代替;而不是,替代關(guān)

26、系;Besides除此之外,遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：Therefore因此，因果關(guān)系However然而，轉(zhuǎn)折 關(guān)系.根據(jù)上文I have many patients.以及下文I have never met another girl like Katy根據(jù)前后的邏輯關(guān)系， 此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示雖然見過很多病人，但是從沒見過像Kaly這樣的女孩.這樣就選出答案D項(xiàng).2、利用固定搭配解題完形填空題中對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查主要表達(dá)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面.習(xí)慣用法是英語中某種同 定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，不能隨意改動(dòng).所以，考生平時(shí)應(yīng)掌握好習(xí)慣用法.對(duì)詞義辨析題的考查有加大力度的趨勢.要 做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯

27、量、掌握詞語搭配知識(shí)并具有詞語辨析的能力，特別：是在特定的語境中能靈活 運(yùn)用的能力.如：（2018 揚(yáng)州）For a couple of days afterward, Max 25 a new title for me.A. worked out B. turned outC. carried outD. tried outwork out意為“得出；lurn out意為結(jié)果是；carry oui意為執(zhí)行；iryoui意為”嘗試，符合句意”后來的幾 天，馬克斯試圖用新頭銜稱呼我.”所以此題只要對(duì)這些短語加以辨析就能找到答案B.3、利用上卜.文或復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題語篇燈現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞劃現(xiàn)、同義詞和

28、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞顯現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、釋義復(fù)現(xiàn)、代詞復(fù)現(xiàn) 等.因此，利用上下文尋找夏現(xiàn)信息能幫助考生盡快確定答案.（2017 南通）Just as he had thrown down his wood, he heard his mothers weak voice from her bedroom. I am 29， and longing for some tea.A. thirstyB. hungryC. sleepyD. busy四個(gè)備選選項(xiàng)都能作表語，語法上沒有錯(cuò)誤，但如果讀到后一句的longing for some tea,就能通過這種釋義復(fù)現(xiàn) 的方式看出媽媽要喝水，口渴的

29、，這樣就能選出答案A.4、利用背景及常識(shí)解題 完形填空試題正朝著語言交際化、情景生活化、詞匯運(yùn)用靈活化的方向開展，語言運(yùn)用與情景交際融為一體.因 此解題時(shí)，考生的英語語言知識(shí)和其他方面的知識(shí)都發(fā)揮著電要的作用.考生可充分對(duì)自己已掌握的文化背景、社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)及生活常識(shí)巧妙地加以運(yùn)用，這樣將會(huì)大大簡化復(fù)雜的分析與判 斷過程，節(jié)省珍貴的時(shí)間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去.如：(2018 泰州)Last autumn, iny 80 - year - old grandmother was having problems with her heart. My family sent her to the 1

30、6After a careful examination. a famous doctor told iny grandmother, You have such a 17 heart condition that you should have an operation.”A. parkB. hotelC. restaurantD. hospitalA. wonderful B. seriousC. difficultD. proper這兩個(gè)小題都可以利用生活常識(shí)來解題.一般來說，人們身體出現(xiàn)問題，都送去醫(yī)院，hospital符合題意：而奶 奶需要一臺(tái)手術(shù)，證明心臟病情是嚴(yán)重的，seriou

31、s符合題意.因此，只要對(duì)備選選項(xiàng)的詞義有基本的解，答案 就很容易選出.總之，考生要在讀-填一讀”的過程中遵循以下方針：抓住首句，跳過空格，通讀全文，掌握大意；理解詞義， 胞前顧后，先易后難，逐個(gè)突破；重讀全文，個(gè)個(gè)審核，物證答案，戰(zhàn)勝自我.3.人物故事類閱讀【考查類型】(I)閱讀理解考查類型：.主旨大意.文中細(xì)節(jié).詞義猜想.推理判斷 (2)文中細(xì)節(jié)的考查類型:I.直接信息題.間接信息題.綜合信息題.【解題方法】I.直接信息題：直接信息題電指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本致的題目.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息、，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信

32、息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地 方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章起義.【常見的提問方式】According (o the passage, who/what/where/which/when/why/how, etc. ?Which of the following is True/Noi True/false/nientioned?Which of the f)ll()wing is the correct according to the passage?語法填空【考查能力介紹

33、】語法填空分為純空格語法填空和單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.對(duì)介詞、連詞、代詞、冠詞、從句引導(dǎo)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等 的考查般電純空格形式考查；對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、形容詞或副詞的比擬級(jí)或最高 級(jí)等的考查般是根據(jù)提示詞填寫單詞的適當(dāng)形式：也有給出音標(biāo)或漢語提示的填空題出現(xiàn).語法填空主要考查考生閱讀理解的能力、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力和熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力.【解題方法點(diǎn)撥】快速地閱讀全文，從整體上掌握文章大意：再次閱讀全文，先易(固定詞組、常見句型或明顯的語法結(jié)構(gòu))后難(名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，注意聯(lián)系 上下文)，確定語義，判斷詞形.：三讀全文，上下參照，驗(yàn)證答案：看上、下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理

34、成章：語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤.解題步驟(以題為例)World famous scientist Stephen Hawking (霍金)died( 1 ) _the age of seventy - six in his home in Cambridge, England on March 14. British Prime Minister Theresa May said Hawking was one of (2) _ (great) scientists of his time. She also said. His achievements will not (3) _ (forge

35、t).Hawking was one of the most respected scientists in the modern history of (4) _flzlks|. Because of an uncommon disease (疾病)， he was kept to a wheelchair. (5) _ the disease did not stop Hawking from studying. He used every new day that life offered (6) _ (continue) his research of the universe (宇宙

36、). He said, Where there is life, (here is hope. He developed (7) _way of thinking about problems in his mind to reach a solution.This way of thinking has led to his important discoveries. He was(8)_(one) person to present the idea of some special energy in the universe. At the same lime Hawking trie

37、d to explain many of these difficult (9) _ (science) ideas to more people. He( 10)_( write) several popular science books, including the bestseller A Brief History of Time which made him a household (家喻戶曉的)name.Stephen Hawking spent his whole life understanding the universe. He is, no doubt, a legen

38、dary (傳奇的)scientist of all time.這是個(gè)設(shè)有10個(gè)空的語法填空題，其中有3個(gè)空無提示.我們可以這樣解題：首先，快速閱讀全文，了解文章大意.其次，我們需要在理解全文內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上開始答題.(I)空是個(gè)固定搭配，altheageof. (5)空前后句表轉(zhuǎn)折， 空后有逗號(hào)，應(yīng)該用副詞however,句首首字母大寫：(7)空后是個(gè)名詞，前需加冠詞，非特指用a；根據(jù) 先易后難的順序一一填入答案.最后，把所填答案帶入原文通讀，憑語感和所學(xué)知識(shí)判斷是否正確.【解題技巧】有提示詞填空的解題技巧：A.要考慮是否填名詞的熨數(shù)形式以及該名詞的形容詞、副詞形式.B.如果填空處是謂語，要考慮

39、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)：如果填空處是非謂語，根據(jù)對(duì)句子成分的分 析和對(duì)語境的理解，要考慮填todo、doing還是done,同時(shí)，也要考慮該動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間的先后以及與主語的關(guān)系 (是主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系)，并填寫相應(yīng)的形式；在平時(shí)的模擬題中，有時(shí)還要根據(jù)句意填寫該動(dòng)詞的名詞形 式，扶至是形容詞或者副詞形式.無提示詞填空的解題技巧：A.代詞：這類設(shè)空比擬少，通常是根據(jù)句了意思填個(gè)與語境相關(guān)的代詞；B.冠詞：如果設(shè)空處后面是名詞，那么可以考慮是否要填冠詞，再根據(jù)句子意思分析是特指還是泛指，并填上 合適的冠詞，在一些固定搭配中也會(huì)涉及冠詞；C.介詞：這類設(shè)空一般比擬簡單，主要涉及動(dòng)詞短語中的介

40、詞搭配、形容詞短語中的介詞搭配以及一些固定的 介詞短語.【中考命題方向】中考中語法填空題更側(cè)重對(duì)文章整體的把握，各地設(shè)空多少不一，大多是10空，在考試中考查最多的是謂語動(dòng) 詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞和此類轉(zhuǎn)換，其他語法比重雖不及這三個(gè)，但多少均有涉及，考生可以在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中進(jìn)行專題 訓(xùn)練，牢牢把握常見的13種基本語法.翻譯填空【概念】翻譯填空是指結(jié)合給出的單詞或短語的意思，填出正確的答案.【解題方法點(diǎn)撥】(I)當(dāng)遇到一個(gè)需要填的詞時(shí)，首先要考慮這個(gè)詞在句子中的成分是什么？詞性是什么？If you stay up for your favorite TV programs, you will feel s

41、（困倦的）考點(diǎn)：翻譯填空.分析：如果你熬夜看你最喜歡的電視節(jié)目，你會(huì)感到困倦.解答：困倦的sleepy,形容詞做表語，根據(jù)句意和首字母可知，答案為sleepy.故答案是sleepy.點(diǎn)評(píng)：根據(jù)漢語完成句子是基礎(chǔ)題，需要學(xué)生根據(jù)句意、時(shí)態(tài)和固定搭配等，來選擇合適的單詞或者短語.另外， 學(xué)生多積累單詞和短語，也有助于解答這類題目.（2）如果需要填的是名詞，就要考慮名詞的單夏數(shù)和所有格形式.Wearing red can help you make a （決定）.考點(diǎn)：翻譯填空.分析：穿紅色衣服可以幫助你做出決定.解答：考查翻譯填空.句意：穿紅色衣服可以幫助你做出決定.根據(jù)漢語提示及其英語句子，可知

42、要翻譯的局部 為：決定.英語表達(dá)是decision.前有冠詞a,所以用名詞單數(shù).故答案為decision.點(diǎn)評(píng)：做這類題型，首先根據(jù)所給漢語明確句子所要考查的單詞或短語的拼寫，再結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)對(duì)單詞或短 語做出形式上的變化.（3）如果需要填的是形容詞或副詞，就應(yīng)考慮是用原級(jí)或是用逡，還是及高級(jí).（4）如果需要填的是動(dòng)詞，那么要考慮東西的時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，人稱變化，語氣以及韭道造動(dòng)遠(yuǎn)（不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing 形式）的一般式，被動(dòng)式和完成式等.His ialhcr to buy him an c - dictionary as his birthday present, he felt excited.

43、（容許）考點(diǎn)：翻譯填空.分析：他父親容許給他買一個(gè)電子詞典作為生日禮物，他感到很興奮.解答：根據(jù) His father- to buy him an e - dictionary as his binhday present, he felt excited,可知他父親容許給 他買一個(gè)電子詞典作為生日禮物，他感到很興奮，從felt判斷句子使用一般過去時(shí)，promise,動(dòng)詞，容許.故填：promised.（5）如果需要填空的是介詞，那么要注意固定搭配的用法.6）如果需要填的是冠詞，那么要注意是用不定冠詞還是用定冠詞.（7）另外要注意一些固定句型的完整.【易混淆點(diǎn)】（1）注意翻譯填空和單詞填空的

44、區(qū)別.（2）根據(jù)常用短語，固定用法，及其一些動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的變化規(guī)律作答.3）掌握單詞的拼寫，再根據(jù)語境語義來做出正確答案.【中考命題方向】中考英語試題?？疾閱卧~和短語的意思，及其它們?cè)诰渥又械恼_形式.這些是考查的重點(diǎn).much listening. You may make mistakes. But dont let them stop you (3)(improve)your English. While you are doing this, a good way is to write - keep (4) diary, write notes or letters. Then

45、 if you can, ask some others to go through what you have (5)(write) and tell you where it is wrong. Many mistakes in your speaking will be easily found when you write. Tlirough correcting mistakes, you can do better (6) learning English. If you are slow in speaking, dont worry about it. One of the (

46、7) (help) waysis reading, either aloud or to yourself. The important thing is to find something 8)(interest) to read. It mustnt be too difficult for you. When you are reading in this way, dont stop (9)(look )up the new words if you can guess their meanings when they have nothing to do (10) the sente

47、nces. You can do that some other time.四.閱讀理解(共1小題)18. Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xian. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二維碼).We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generale(使產(chǎn)生)the codes, and in the end everything gets easier, said Guo. When students finish

48、the homework, they keep it on WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives il to me. So 1 can check their homework everywhere using my computer or telephone.The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email. QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans (掃描)his students QR codes, their homework appears on

49、his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative, with many pictures, music and even videos.Guos students like the new way and think it is interesting. We are living in the infonnation age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun. said Tingling, a studen

50、t of Guos.The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share. Guo said. It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I dont want my students to fall behind the times.However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their chi

51、ldren will spend too much time on computers and less time communicaiing with teachers. But in fact, its unnecessary. Students still need to look up information in books and write it down when they do their homework. They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesnt take them too

52、much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the students homework at any time. And its also an easy way to share homework with other students.According (o the passage, students can keep their homework on .WeChatQQemailblogGuos students think the new way is .strangeboringunnecessaryinterest

53、ingWhat does the underlined (劃線的)wordlt in paragraph 4 mean? Tlie paper is not easy to keep.Keeping and sharing the code easily.Trying to use new technology in education.Education itself is a kind of creation.Some parents are worried, because they think their children will talk with teachers face to

54、 facespend too much time on computers or phonesnot like the new way of handing in homeworkfind the QR codes too difficult to useWhats the main idea of the passage? Teachers neednt check homework any more.Students neednt hand in homework any more.Using QR codes makes checking homework easier.Some par

55、ents are worried about their children.202L2022學(xué)年滬教牛津版八年級(jí)(上)英語寒假作業(yè)(七)參考答案與試題解析詞匯應(yīng)用(共15小題)The wood will iloal (will float/floats) if you put (pul/will put) it on waler.【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】如果你把木頭放在水上，它會(huì)浮起來的?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)題干，可知if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句用win+動(dòng)詞原形。故填 will float： put.if I have ( will havc/havc) one thousand

56、 dollars. I will buy (will buy/buy) a new big house for iny parents.【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】如果我有千美元，我將為我的父母買所新大房子。【解答】根據(jù)題干，可知if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句用will+動(dòng)詞原形。故填 are： will buy。Lily will go (will go/go/goes) to have a picnic if it is (will be/is) a fine day tomorrow.【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】如果明天天氣好，莉莉?qū)⑷ヒ安?。【解答】根?jù)題干，可知if引導(dǎo)的條

57、件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句用will+動(dòng)詞原形。故填 will go： is.Dont speak loudly if you are (are/will be) in the library.【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】如果你在圖書館里，不要大聲說話。【解答】根據(jù)題干，可知if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。故填are。If you take (will take/take) a fish out of water for a long time, it will die (will die/dies).【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】如果你讓魚離開水很長時(shí)間，它就會(huì)死。【解答】根據(jù)題

58、干，可知if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句用will+動(dòng)詞原形。故填 take： will die。Unless she passes (wont pass/doesnt/passes/will pass) the exam, she cant (can/cant) go to Australia.【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】除IE她通過考試，否那么她不能去澳大利亞?！窘獯稹縐nless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。第一個(gè)空，主語she第三人 稱單數(shù)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)passes。第二個(gè)空，根據(jù)Unless she passes Ihe

59、 exam除|卜她 通過考試”可知，否那么她不能去澳大利亞，填cant故答案為：passes： cant-They will go (wont go/dont go/will go/go)(o the beach unless it rains (will rain/wonl rain/doesnl rain/rains).【考點(diǎn)】單詞填空.【分析】除非下雨，否那么他們將去海灘?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)題干，可知unless引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用-一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，主句用MII+動(dòng)同原形。結(jié)合句意” 除非下雨，否那么他們將去海灘。”故填 will go； rains。This passage is wort

60、h （值得）reading carefully.【考點(diǎn)】翻譯填空.【分析】這篇文章值得仔細(xì)閱讀。【解答】be worth doing sih.值得做某事，固定用法。故填worth =Can you find out the best way（方法）lo solve the problem?【考點(diǎn)】翻譯填空.【分析】你能找出解決這個(gè)問題的最好方法嗎？【解答】“方法是可數(shù)名詞way,因?yàn)榍懊嬗凶罡呒?jí)，所以此處用單數(shù)即可。故填way。Can you tell me how to improve my memory （記憶力）？ I always forget things.【考點(diǎn)】翻譯填空.【分析】