(完整版)專四語法專題復(fù)習(xí)：限定詞解讀

1、(完整版)專四語法專題復(fù)習(xí)：限定詞解讀(完整版)專四語法專題復(fù)習(xí)：限定詞解讀 英語的限定詞包括：定冠詞（Definite Article），不定冠詞（Indefinite Article），零冠詞（Zero Article）物主限定詞（Possessive Determiner）：my，your，his，her，our，your，their，ones，its名詞屬格（Genitive Noun）：Johns，my friends指示限定詞（Demonstrative Determiner）：this，that，these，those，such關(guān)系限定詞（Relative Determiner）

2、：whosewhich 英語的限定詞包括：定冠詞（Definite Arti疑問限定詞（Interrogative Determiner）：what，which，whose不定限定詞（Indefinite Determiner）：no，some，any，each，every，enough，either，neither，all，both，half，several，many，much，(a) few，(a) little，other，another基數(shù)詞（Cardinal Numeral）和序數(shù)詞（Ordinal Number）倍數(shù)詞（Multiplicative Numeral）和分數(shù)詞（Fra

3、ctional Numeral）量詞（Quantifier）：a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a greatgood deal of，a largesmall amountquantity of，a greatlargegood number of等。疑問限定詞（Interrogative Determiner 限定詞與三類名詞的搭配關(guān)系 限定詞與限定詞的搭配關(guān)系 若干限定詞用法比較 （1）能與三類名詞搭配的限定詞 有些限定詞如the，some，any，no，other，whose以及my，your等物主限定詞和名詞屬格（Johns，my friends）等能與三類名詞搭

4、配。例如：the book the books the moneymy book my books my moneymy friends book my friends boods my friends moneyany book any books any moneysome book some books some moneyno book no books no moneythe other book the other books the other moneywhose book whose books whose money（1）能與三類名詞搭配的限定詞 有些限定詞如the，s（2

5、）只能與名詞單數(shù)搭配的限定詞 有些限定詞如a(n)，one，another，each，every，either，neither，many a，such a等只能與單數(shù)名詞搭配。例如： each worker every student either book neither sentence an apple one copy another book many a book such a book（3）只能與復(fù)數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞 有些限定詞如both，two，three，another twothree，many，(a) few，several，these，those，a (great) n

6、umber of等只能與復(fù)數(shù)名詞搭配。例如： both workers (a) few words several students thesethose books a number of essays twothree visitors many students another two students（2）只能與名詞單數(shù)搭配的限定詞（4）只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞 有些限定詞如a (little) bit of，a large amount of，a great deal of，(a) little，much，less，(the) least等只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配。 a bit of

7、 water a large amount of money much noise (a) little space less oil (the) least oil（5）能與單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞 有些限定詞如the first，the second，the last，the next等既可與單數(shù)名詞搭配，也可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞搭配。例如： the first rose the first roses the last man the last men the next meeting the next meetings（4）只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞（6）能與單數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞

8、有些限定詞如this，that等能與單數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配。例如： thisthat job thisthat work（7）能與復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞 還有些限定詞如a lot of，lots of，plenty of，enough，more，most，such，other等可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配。例如：（6）能與單數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞（7）能與復(fù)數(shù)名詞 a lot of books a lot of money lots of chickens lots of food plenty of chairs plenty of water enough copies

9、 enough coal more articles more time most people most work such men such bread other men other bread 這一類限定詞也可以包括less和(the) least。如前所述，less和least通常只與不可數(shù)名詞搭配，但在現(xiàn)代英語的非正式語體中，間或也可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞搭配。例如： Less and less people can afford to go abroad for their holidays. Political programmes on TV attract the least view

10、ers. a lot of bEXERCISES 1.Why is theretraffic on the streets in February than in May? A. less B. fewer C. few D. little2. On account of the typhoon shipment will arrive this week. A. neither B. all C. both D. these3. Have you got copies to go round? A. the other B. enough C. a little D. much 4. The

11、res water in the bottle. A. few B. a number of C. plenty of D. any5. There is iron in this mine than in that one. A. much B. a great deal of C. less D. a lot of6. He wrote essays on Victorian novels in his class. A. the next B. the most C. the other D. the more7. He has published short stories in En

12、glish. A. a great amount of B. a number of C. another D. many a 8. We had rainfalls last summer. A. too much B. little C. a little D. only several9. care would have prevented the accident. A. Much B. Little C. A little D. A few10. The students spent their time working in the fields. A. both B. most

13、C. more D. halfAABCCBBDCDEXERCISES 1.Why is theretraf 在名詞詞組中心詞之前如果有兩個或兩個以上限定詞出現(xiàn)時，就會產(chǎn)生限定詞的先后順序問題。按其不同的搭配位置，限定詞可分為：（1）中位、前位、后位限定詞 按照限定詞和限定詞之間的不同搭配位置，限定詞可分為中位限定詞（Central Determiner）、前位限定詞（Predeterminer）和后位限定詞（Postdeterminer）。 （1）中位、前位、后位限定詞 按照限定詞和中位限定詞1、定冠詞和不定冠詞: a (n)，the，zero；2、物主限定詞（物主代詞和s屬格名詞）: my，

14、your, Marys, my friends3、指示限定詞: this，that，these，those4、不定數(shù)量詞（some, few, no, any, every, each, either, neither, enough）；5、疑問限定詞和關(guān)系限定詞: what (ever)，which (ever)，whose中位限定詞1、定冠詞和不定冠詞: a (n)，the，zerb) 前位限定詞包括all，both，half；double，twice，three times等；one-third，two-fifths等；what，such (a/ an) (跨類限定詞）。 c）后位限定詞

15、包括one，two，three等；first，second，third等；next，last，other，another等；many，much，(a) few，(a) little，fewer，(the) fewest，less，(the) least，more，most；several等；plenty of，a lot of，lots of，a great/large/good number of，a great/ good deal of，a large/ small amount of；such等。 b) 前位限定詞包括c）后位限定詞包括(2)三類限定詞搭搭配關(guān)系 如果一個名詞詞組帶有上

16、述三類限定詞，其搭配關(guān)系總是按照“前位中位后位”的順序排列。例如： all the four teachers all your three books 前 中 后 前 中 后 all these last few days 前 中 后 后 如果只有上述兩類限定詞，其搭配關(guān)系仍按上述順序。例如： half his lecture those last few months 前 中 中 后 后 (2)三類限定詞搭搭配關(guān)系 如果一個名詞詞組帶有上述三類 several hundred guests all other students 后 后 前 后 such a misfortune some

17、such alloy 前 中 中 后 有上述諸例可以看出，中位限定詞和前位限定詞之間是相互排斥的，即一個名詞中心詞之前不可并用兩個中位限定詞或兩個前位限定詞。所以，“我的那本書”不是my that book而是that book of mine，因為my 和that 同是中位限定詞，不可并列。但后位限定詞的使用卻不受此限制。例如： his last two books the first two chapters 中 后 后 中 后 后 two more sheets 后 后 several hundred guests 個別限定詞有跨類現(xiàn)象，如such既屬于前位限定詞，又可歸入后位限定詞。由

18、于它只是在such a .和such an 這樣的搭配中屬于前位限定詞，而在與其他限定詞（some，any，no，all，few，another，other，many，one，two等）搭配時，such則是后位限定詞，一律放在上述這些限定詞的后面，如some such，any such，no such，few such，one such等，因此把它歸入后位限定詞。 個別限定詞有跨類現(xiàn)象，如such既屬于前位限 EXERCISESChoose an appropriate combination of determiners to fill in each blank: 1. He did it

19、 in time it took me. A. the one-third B. half a C. the double D. one-third the2. I saw boys at the cinema. A. the both B. many a C. both the D. the several3. candidates are girls. A. Half the B. The half C. Their half D. Half a 4. friends usually speak highly of him. A. His some B. His many C. Many

20、his D. Some hisDCAB EXERCISESChoose an appropria5. alloy may be used to replace copper. A. Such a B. Some such C. Such some D. Several such6. Are you going to buy rice? A. all these B. these all C. all this D. both these7. dictionary is enough for me. A. Such one B. One such C. Such a one D. One suc

21、h a 8. factors should be considered. A. These all B. Such all C. All such D. Some these9. meat is tainted. A. That one-third B. One-third that C. Such a D. Few such10. cases have been reported. A. Such few B. Such some C. Few such D. Some theseBCBCBC5. alloy may be used to repTranslate the following

22、 into English, using appropriate determiners:1. 開鑿隧道需要大量勞動力（labor）。 1. To dig a tunnel will need a great amount of labor.2. 少說空話（empty talk）多干實事（practical work）。2. There must be less empty talk but more practical work.3. 今天參觀展覽會的人數(shù)比昨天少。 3. There are fewer people today at the exhibition than yesterda

23、y. 4. 安娜（Anna）因為沒有足夠的錢財而煩惱叢生。 4. Anna has enough worries because she hasnt got enough money. 5. 你讀的詩（poetry）和做的練習(xí)（exercises）都比我多。 5. You have learnt more poetry and done more exercises than I have. Translate the following into E（1）many，much，a lot of，lots of，plenty of等 表示“多”的意思，可用many，much，a lot of，l

24、ots of，plenty of，a goodgreat many，a large amount of等。作為限定詞many和a goodgreat many之后須跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞：much和a large amount of之后須跟不可數(shù)名詞。例如： Many animals have diseases. Much information is now transmitted through E-mail. We have a great many questions to discuss at meeting. We are going to spend a large amount of mo

25、ney on childrens education. （1）many，much，a lot of，lots of，many，much，a great many等既可用作限定詞，也可用作不定代詞。例如： Have you done all these exercises? No, I havent done very much. Has she read any English novels in the originals? Yes, a great many. Has he spent much money on the house? Oh, a large amount. many，mu

26、ch，a great many等既可用作限定詞many，much 可以帶有howtoosoas.as等修飾語。例如： I want to know how much money will be spent on the project. How many copies do you need for your class? I have (far) too many books on the shelf. We have had too much rain in the spring.Its really surprising that the boy should have so much

27、strength at his age.You can take as many copies as you need. many，much 可以帶有howtoosoas.（2）(a) few，(a) little 表示“少”的意思，可用（a）few，(a) little，既可用作限定詞，也可用作不定代詞。a few，a little表示“少量”，帶有肯定含義。例如： Lets invite a few friends to come with us.There are only a very few left.I had a little difficulty in solving the

28、problem.Give me a little of that wine.I am trying to use the little French I have just learnt.（2）(a) few，(a) little 表示“少 fewlittle若不與a連用則表示否定意義，相當于not manymuch，not enough。例如： I have very few (chocolates) left. I understand little of his speech. 要注意，quite a few，a good few，not a few不表示“少”，而表示“相當多”的含義，

29、相當于a fair number (of)。例如： Quite a few of us are getting worried. You will have to wait a good few weeks. little的比較級和最高級是less和lest，通常只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配，但在當代英語中也有用less與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配的。例如： If only there were less holes in the roof.但這只見于非正式語體中；在正式語體中仍以用fewer為好。 （3）some，any 要表示“一些”的意思，可用some，any。some是肯定詞（Assertive Wor

30、d），常用于肯定句：any是非肯定詞（Nonassertive Word），常用于否定句或疑問句。例如： There are some letters for me. There arent any letters for me. Are there any letters for me? I seldom get any sleep these days. any也常用于條件分句以及帶有否定意義的句子中： If you have any trouble, please let me know. I forgot to ask for any change（零錢）. （3）some，any 要

31、表示“一些 當說話人期待肯定回答時，some也可用于疑問句，比如當說話人期待來信時，他可以問到： Are there some letters for me? 當購物時向售貨員提問或者主人向客人表示款待時，也可在疑問句中用some： Could I have some of these apples? Would you like some chocolate cake? 當some與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配時，some相當于a certain（“某一”）的含義；而any與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配，則相當于every（“任何一個”）的含義。例如： Some boy has broken a window. A

32、ny child could answer that question. 當說話人期待肯定回答時，some也可用于疑問句，比（4）all，both，every，each，either，neither，any 這一類詞，除every只能作為限定詞外，都是既可作為限定詞，也可作為不定代詞。例如： all (of ) the boysboth (of) the boysevery boyevery one of the boyseach boyeither (one) of the boyseither boyeither (one) of the (two) boysneither boyneit

33、her (one) of the (two) boysany boyany (one) of the (three or more) boys（4）all，both，every，each，either， 由上述諸例可以看出，這一類的限定詞和不定代詞在用法上有以下值得注意之處： a) 表示“全體”，可用all和both，但all表示三個或三個以上人或物的“全體”，而both則表示兩個人或物的“全體”。例如： All the four applications are below the average. Both his parents are against his going there a

34、lone. 如果要表示“全體都不”的意思，當“全體”為三個或更多的人或物時，通常用none。例如：None of the students failed the examination.Ill have none of your stupid ideas.（我不能接受你的那些糊涂觀念。） 由 在上述第一例中，既可用none，也可用no one： No one failed the examination. 但no one只能指人，不能指物。 如果要表示兩個人或物“都不”，通常要用neither: Neither studentNeither (one) of the (two) student

35、s failed the examination. b)表示全體中的“每個”，如果這個“全體”包含三個或更多的人或物，通常用every。例如： Every student in the class took part in the performance. His every action shows that he is a very determined young man. b)表示全體中的“每個”，如 如果這個“全體”包括兩個或兩個以上的人或物，便可以用each。例如： Each side of the street was crowded with people. 在這里，不可以用e

36、very。如果說“廣場的每一邊都擠滿了人“，那就既可用each也可用every: EachEvery side of the square was crowded with people. every與each的區(qū)別還在于every指許多人或物中的“每個”，側(cè)重在全體，近乎all的含義。例如： Every student failed the examination. = All the students failed the examination. 而each則指許多人或物中的“各個”，側(cè)重在個別。例如： Each child will find his own personal road

37、 to success. 如果這個“全體”包括兩個或兩個以上的人或物，便可以用e c) 表示全體中的“任何一個”，也要看這個“全體”包含三個或更多，還是只包含“兩個”。當“全體”包含三個或三個以上，要表示其中任何一個須用any。例如： Any (= Every ) child would know that. His gift was unknown to any (of them) except himself. 當“全體”只包含兩個時，要表示其中任何一個須用either。例如： There are two flights for Beijing in the morning. You can take either (one). 但在on either side，on either end等固定詞組中有時可以兼指兩個。例如： There are warehouses on either side of the river (= on both sides of the river). c) 表示全體中的“任何一個”，也要看這個“全體EXERCISEFill in the blanks with appropriate determiners or correspond