英語(yǔ)句子成分和5種基本句型市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

1、五種基本句型第1頁(yè)主+謂主+系+表主+謂+賓 五種基本句型分別是：12345主+謂+間賓+直賓主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)第2頁(yè)句子基本成份I saw a tall boy take your book just now. 主謂賓定補(bǔ)狀第3頁(yè)什么是主語(yǔ)？1）主語(yǔ)：是一句主體，是全句述說(shuō)對(duì)象，慣用名詞，數(shù)詞或代詞擔(dān)任，普通放于句首。如：Students study. (學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。) We are friends.(我們是朋友)這兩句話中單詞students是個(gè)名詞，we是代詞，它們?cè)诰渲凶鲋髡Z(yǔ)。第4頁(yè) 動(dòng)詞不定式什么能夠作主語(yǔ)？名詞代詞數(shù)詞Shanghai is in the east of China.T

2、om works very hard.I bought a new book.That is a picture of our school.Who knows the answer?Three plus four is seven.The first is the best.To see is to believe.It is important to learn English. 第5頁(yè) Smoking is harmful to the health. The old should be respected. The disabled will receive more money. W

3、hat he said is not true. How to finish the work is a problem.動(dòng)名詞名詞化形容詞主語(yǔ)從句及復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)第6頁(yè)什么是謂語(yǔ)？謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。通常由動(dòng)詞各種形式來(lái)充當(dāng)。而且和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，普通放在主語(yǔ)之后. We study English. (vt)The little girl dances well. (vi)He goes to school everyday. (vi) 第7頁(yè)什么能夠作謂語(yǔ)？不及物動(dòng)詞 vi及物動(dòng)詞 vtWe love China.We have finished reading this

4、book.He can speak English.My mother usually gets up early.The boy often plays in his yard.She seems tired.系動(dòng)詞第8頁(yè)謂語(yǔ)正確表現(xiàn)形式:掌握謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)注意它幾個(gè)改變:1) 人稱和數(shù)改變 如: I work in a big school . He works in big school . 2) 時(shí)態(tài)改變 如: I usually get up at six . I am getting up now . I got up at five yesterday .I will get up at

5、 seven tomorrow . I have already got up . I was getting up when he came in . I had got up when he came to my house .I told my mother that I would get up . 3) 語(yǔ)態(tài)改變 如: The children carried school bags . ( 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) )School bags were carried by the children . ( 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))第9頁(yè) 謂語(yǔ)是句子軀干,說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞伴隨主語(yǔ)不一樣而改變,伴隨時(shí)間不一樣

6、而改變,伴隨與主語(yǔ)不一樣關(guān)系( 主動(dòng)關(guān)系和被動(dòng)關(guān)系)而改變,總之,時(shí)時(shí)在變.謂語(yǔ)有三種不一樣形式: 1) 動(dòng)詞 They planted many trees on the hill . 2) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞 You must stay at home . 3) 系動(dòng)詞+ 表語(yǔ) The report is very interesting. 小結(jié)注意：在每一個(gè)正確句子中都必須存在“謂語(yǔ)”部分。第10頁(yè)世界天天都在改變。她舞跳得很好。我們?nèi)ラL(zhǎng)城了。例句A例句 B例句C基本句型1：主+謂例句D我們將會(huì)去購(gòu)物。仿寫第五頁(yè)表格一中句子第11頁(yè)提醒“Therebe(vi.)S.”也是屬于第一基本句型

7、。我們慣用這一句型表示“存在”概念，如：1. 我們學(xué)校有許多花木。2. 我們班有60多位同學(xué)。3. 在我房間里有幾本小說(shuō)。第12頁(yè)系動(dòng)詞:be動(dòng)詞+其它含有特殊意義動(dòng)詞 表改變 表存在feel smell taste sound look seem appear 表感官become get grow turn keep stay remain第13頁(yè)什么能夠作表語(yǔ)？His father is a teacher.This book is mine.The leaves turn yellow in autumn.The teacher was satisfied with your work.

8、名詞代詞形容詞第14頁(yè)明天是他生日。他顯得有些疲憊。這個(gè)消息聽起來(lái)很好。例句A例句B例句C基本句型2：主+系+表例句D樹葉在春天會(huì)變綠。仿寫第五頁(yè)表格二中句子第15頁(yè)提醒以下常見“It.”句型也屬于第二基本句型。(1)It isn./adj.to do sth.(2)It isadj./n.for sb.to do sth.1. 天天大聲朗誦（read aloud）是很主要。2. 跟你聊天真是一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)(nightmare)。3. 要他講個(gè)故事，他會(huì)很難過(guò)。第16頁(yè)指出翻譯有誤句子，并將其更正過(guò)來(lái)。1. The cloth touches soft.2. Were you sleep good

9、last night?3. The cheese cuts easily4. The machine happens problem.5. The problem is still unsolved.6. She gradually becomes silent.7. Protect the environment, everyone has duty.8. Require me to finish the task in an hour is impossible.第17頁(yè)THNAK YOU FOR LISTENING!第18頁(yè)REVISION第19頁(yè)回顧昨天所學(xué)內(nèi)容：一、簡(jiǎn)略回答以下問題：

10、1.句子中有哪些基本成份？2. 主語(yǔ)能夠由那些詞充當(dāng)？3.謂語(yǔ)能夠由那些詞充當(dāng)？謂語(yǔ)基本表現(xiàn)形式又有哪些？4. 謂語(yǔ)是每一個(gè)句子中必不可少成份嗎？為何說(shuō)“謂語(yǔ)決定了一個(gè)句子會(huì)采取哪種基本句型”？5. “主謂結(jié)構(gòu)”中謂語(yǔ)有什么特點(diǎn)，“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)呢？6.必須要掌握系動(dòng)詞有哪些？7. 普通而言，表語(yǔ)會(huì)由哪些詞充當(dāng)？第20頁(yè)二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：劃分以下句子成份，并指出它們分別屬于哪種基本句型。A mooncake is a delicious and round cake. There are many different kinds of mooncakes. She came to school

11、very early today. It is a good habit to do morning exercises.It is difficult for him to give up smoking.Trees turn green in spring. He sat there quietly.The apples tasted sweet. The sun rises in the east. 第21頁(yè)指出翻譯有誤句子，并將其更正過(guò)來(lái)。1. I can look you clearly here.2. Go to university is my dream.3.In my hom

12、e has 5 people.4. Your idea listens good.5. For me, get an A in exams is so easy.6. She is looked/looking young.7. Dont sit the chair, its dirty.8. My plan is go to Shanghai two days later.第22頁(yè)三、將以下句子譯成英語(yǔ)：1. 有座寺廟(temple)坐落在山頂(top)上。2. 太陽(yáng)東升(rise）西落(set)。3. 對(duì)不起，當(dāng)初我太生氣了。4. 去造訪那位作家讓我們頗費(fèi)周折。5. 你能在考試中保持冷靜嗎

13、？6. 讓他唱首歌簡(jiǎn)直是輕而易舉。7. 去農(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)是一次寶貴(valuable)經(jīng)歷(experience)。第23頁(yè)什么是賓語(yǔ)？賓語(yǔ)成份賓語(yǔ)用來(lái)表明動(dòng)作對(duì)象或結(jié)果, 是動(dòng)作承受者. 賓語(yǔ)慣用于及物動(dòng)詞之后, 稱為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ). 介詞后面名詞或代詞, 稱為介詞賓語(yǔ). We love China.We have finished reading this book. He can speak English.He goes to school everyday. 第24頁(yè)什么能夠作賓語(yǔ)？I like fruits. Everybody knows her.-How many chairs do yo

14、u want?-I want four.We should help the old and the injured. 名詞代詞數(shù)詞名詞化形容詞第25頁(yè) 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)名詞賓語(yǔ)從句及復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)Id like to have some coffee.I enjoy working with you. I think you are right.I really dont know what to do next.思索：一個(gè)句子中若能夠存在賓語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該具備什么特點(diǎn)呢？第26頁(yè)平靜，我母親正在睡覺。他時(shí)常彈吉他。Lily和我們一起去購(gòu)物。例句A例句B例句C基本句型1：主+謂+賓例句D我知道什么時(shí)

15、候離開這兒。仿寫表格一中句子我認(rèn)可傷害了你。我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)按時(shí)回家。例句E例句F第27頁(yè)Tip 1一些特定動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣于用動(dòng)詞不定式作為其賓語(yǔ)，組成Svt.Infinitive (不定式)，如：attempt，decide，expect，hope，learn，need，pretend，promise，refuse，want，wish等1. 他試圖自己做一頓飯(meal)。2. 他承諾會(huì)把真相告訴我。3. 她拒絕和Lucy握手。第28頁(yè)Tip 2一些特定動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣于用wh-開頭復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作為其賓語(yǔ)，如：ask，consider，decide，find out，forget，know，learn，remember，see，tell，wonder等。1. 我們?cè)诳紤]明天去哪里。2. 他忘了何時(shí)與你見過(guò)一面。3. 我想知道接下來(lái)該做什么。第29頁(yè)Tip 3一些特定動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣于用動(dòng)名詞其賓語(yǔ)，如：admit，avoid，enjoy，finish，forbid，mind，practise，risk，give up，cant help，loo