2022年4月自考00012英語(yǔ)一試題及答案

1、2022年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語(yǔ)（一）試卷（課程代碼00012）第一局部：閱讀判斷（第110題，每題1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了 10個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的 是正確信息，選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息、，選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及， 選擇C。在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑。Why I Love My JobRoss is a public school teacher. She teaches a group of, mostly, seniors and she loves what she does.“My job i

2、s great, “she said. That is the only way to describe i t. As teachers, we have the opportunity to completely change someone* s life by providing him or her with a good education.”Ross moved to Austin in 1981 to attend the University of Texas. She earned a degree in math. Since her graduation, she ha

3、s enjoyed teaching high school students in Texas for nearly 30 years. Over the years, she has taught every level of high school math. Tv。always taught high school students,“ she said. I like their energy, and I enjoy teaching seniors because they are getting ready to move on.”Ross also believes teac

4、hing helps her keep a balance between work and life. It has allowed her to have the same work schedule as her children* s school schedule. When her sons were younger, she worked during the day while her musician husband worked at night. So daycare was never a problem. Today her two boys share the sa

5、me daily schedule and the same winter, spring and summer vacations with her.Teaching brings other benefits, too. Entry-level salaries of teachers are competitive with other fields. Teachers are also offered good retirement benefits and insurance. Due to bad economy, very few places offer a pension n

6、ow and teaching is one of them,“ she said.答案differencebakerssellingusuallyreferredsweeterwealthyIndustrialeasilyacceptable第七局部：短文寫作（第51題，30分）請(qǐng)根據(jù)所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80詞左右的英文寫作任務(wù)。某英文報(bào)社邀請(qǐng)你參加題為“Where do you prefer to 1 ive, in a city or in the countryside?”的征文活動(dòng)。以下是寫作提綱：你的選擇；你做出上述選擇的原因。答案范文（略）1）評(píng)分原那么此題總分為30分，按

7、5個(gè)檔次評(píng)分。閱卷人應(yīng)就總體印象給分，而不是按照語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤的 數(shù)量扣分。評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用初步確定其所屬的檔次, 然后依照該檔次的具體要求酌情增減分?jǐn)?shù)，最后給分。應(yīng)防止分?jǐn)?shù)趨中現(xiàn)象，即不能只給中間檔次的分?jǐn)?shù)。該給高分時(shí)就應(yīng)給高分（包含總分值）， 該給低分時(shí)就應(yīng)給低分（包含0分）。拼寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面。評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。英 式、美式拼寫及用法均可接受。如書寫較差難以識(shí)別，以致影響交際，或字?jǐn)?shù)明顯少于要求，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。2）評(píng) 分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第一檔2530分：圓滿完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。清楚地表達(dá)了全部?jī)?nèi)容要點(diǎn)。運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿

8、足任務(wù)要求。語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用較為準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng)。第二檔1924分：完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。清楚地表達(dá)了全部或關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的基本要求。語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用基本正確，雖有小錯(cuò)，但不影響理 解。在第三檔1318分：基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。提及了關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)（可能漏掉了個(gè)別 內(nèi)容）o運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯滿足任務(wù)的最低要求。存在一些語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，但基本不影響理解。第四檔712分：完成了一局部試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。遺漏或未能清楚表達(dá)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯單調(diào)。語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤較多，局部錯(cuò)誤影響理解。第五檔6分：未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。明顯遺漏內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯極單調(diào)。語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤很多，嚴(yán)重影響理解。0分：所傳達(dá)的

9、信息或所用語(yǔ)言太少，無(wú)法評(píng)價(jià)；所寫內(nèi)容與題目要求完全無(wú)關(guān)。Ross believes that good education can change a person* s life. (A)A、 trueB、 falseC Not GivenRoss has been teaching in Austin since 1981. (B)truefalseNot GivenRoss is able to teach every level of high school math. (A)A、 truefalseC Not GivenRoss is one of the most popular

10、teachers in her high school. (C)truefalseC Not GivenRoss enjoys teaching high school students. (A)truefalseC Not GivenRoss husband used to have a day-time job when their sons were younger. (B)truefalseNot GivenRoss two sons are interested in music. (C)truefalseNot GivenRoss often goes traveling with

11、 her sons during their vacations. (C )A、 truefalseNot Given9.New teachers earn much less than beginners in other fields. (B )A true falseC、 Not Given1(). Because of bad economy, teachers are losing their pensions, too. (B)truefalseC Not Given第二局部:閱讀選擇(第1115題，每題2分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)從短文后所給各題的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中

12、選出1個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng)，并在 答題紙相應(yīng)位置上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was a famous scientist. He created many theories that completely chcinged the way people saw our world and the universe. At first, very few scientists could understand his theories. As time passed, other scientists came to accept them. Einste

13、in was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and grew up in Munich. He was not a good student at school. He only did things he was interested in, like science and math. After school, Einstein went to Switzerland and worked at the Swiss patent (專利) office in Bern. He studied what other people had invented. La

14、ter he moved to Berl in, Germany. He lived there for a long time and developed many of his scientific theories. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.In 1933, Hitler and the Nazis came to power in Germany. Einstein was against the Nazis and their ideas. He decided to leave Germany and go to Ame

15、rica. When World War II broke out in 1939, Einstein discovered that German scientists were working on a bomb. The bomb could kill thousands of people. He wrote a letter to the American president to warn him. He also suggested that the Americans start building one, too.In 1942, the American governmen

16、t started a project to buiId the atomic bomb. Two of these bombs were dropped to end the war against Japan. Einstein was shocked when he heard the news. He wanted atomic energy to bring peace to the world.For the last twenty years of his life, Einstein lived in Princeton. He continuedhis scientific

17、work there. He died on April 18, 1955.What can we know about Einstein in his childhood? (D)A、 He was born in Munich, Germany.Uo was a straight-A student at school.C、 He was asked to leave school.I) He was interested in science subjects.In which country did Einstein develop many of his theories? (C )

18、A、 Switzerland.America.C Germany.Japan.Einstein decided to leave for the United States because heA.was opposed to the Naziscould find a better job therewanted to get away from warsD was invited by the US governmentWhen Einstein learned about the bombs dropped on Japan, he feltB .A excitedB、 surprise

19、dC satisfiedD、 confusedWhat can be inferred about Einstein from the passage? (D )An He had many followers when he was in Switzerland.Ho earned a Nobel Prize after World War II.He spent his late days in Germany.He was a peace-loving person.第三局部：概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子（第1625題，每題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)完成短文后的2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）從第1

20、620題后所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為 第段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）從第2125題后所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇5 個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑。Jungle HighwayCentral Brazil has been invaded （入侵）by engineers and construction workers. They have cut through the Amazon jungle to build a new road across Brazil.The new road is called the Trans-Amazon Highway. It

21、links the cities of Brazils east coast with another highway that stretches to the Pacific. The highway connects cities al 1 over BraziI with new settlements in central Brazi1.（3） Brazilians are both hopeful and anxious aboul the highway project. The land of northeastern Brazil is dry. It is difficul

22、t for the people to grow enough food or make enough money. They expect the new highway to provide new farmland and many jobs. They also expect new towns and cities to develop along the highway. They believe people will move from the coastal cities and help develop central Brazil. The highway is a gr

23、eat chai lenge to Brazi 1 ian engineering. Huge cutting machines are used to clear away thick jungle growth. There are other chailenges, too. Workers have to deal with heavy rains, biting insects, diseases and loneliness. They do not bring their families with them. They often miss their families and

24、 friends at home. Ecologists （生態(tài)學(xué)家）are worried about problems the new highway has brought. The rainforest has only a thin layer （層）of rich soil. This layer has been protected by tall trees and fed by dead leaves and plants. But construction is destroying the forest. The trees have been c 1 eared awa

25、y to make room for the road and new settlements. Ecologists believe there will be no good farmland. Already, some areas of the jungle have turned into dry and dusty deserts.TasklParagraph ：Paragraph ：Paragraph ：Paragraph ：Paragraph ：Description of the highwayDifficulties of the projectInvasion of th

26、e Amazon jungleLife in the jungleEcologists worriesBrazilians* expectationsTask2Trees in the jungle have been cut.People in northeastern Brazil expect the highwayBrazilians hope that.Road workers often feel lonely because.Ecologists are worried that.to make room for a highway projectcentral BraziI w

27、i11 be deve1 opedthey leave their families behindthe forest is destroyedpeople will suffer from more diseasesto bring them more money答案：CAFBEAFBCD 第四局部：填句補(bǔ)文（第2630題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別 放回原有位置，以恢好文章原貌，并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑。First-born ChildrenHow do first-born children differ

28、 from later-born children? Hundreds of experiments have shown that the eldest child tends to be more careful, more eager for success, and more anxious. 26 He avoids dangerous sports like footbal1 and soccer. One thing seems certain: first-borns have a good start in 1ife. They are no more intelligent

29、. But they are better readers as children. They do better in high school. They get better grades on school tests. More first-borns go to colleges and graduate schools. 27They dominate （占優(yōu)勢(shì)）in graduate schools. They account for morethan a third of doctors, lawyers and college professors. More first-b

30、orns become famous people in the world.One reason for differences between older and younger chi Idren is that parents treat them differently. Many parents usually favor the eldest because everything he does is a novelty （新奇）.First-borns tend to be breast-fed longer. They are photographed endlessly.

31、28 First-borns are also given more responsibility because themother needs them to help with the younger ones.Sometimes it is simply because families cannot afford to send more thanone child to college.The first-born chi Id provides the first vehicle by which parents cancontinue their own identities

32、and realize their hopes and dreams. All in all, it seems that first-borns are not only teachers* pets, but parents* pets as well. A. He is also more sensitive to pain.Many parents simply expect more of the first child.They account for 66% of the students in top US universities.Later-borns have valua

33、ble qualities that many first-borns lack.But later-borns are lucky to appear in group pictures.In certain cultures, the eldest should enjoy special educational advantages. 答案CEFB第五局部：填詞補(bǔ)文（第3140題，每題L 5分，共15分）下面的短文有1（）處空白，短文后列出12個(gè)詞，其中1（）個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其 分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。Building Trust in TeamworkTrust

34、is important for teamwork. Teens must learn to trust each other to work towards a common 31.For one activity, put the teens into 32. One is blindfolded （蒙住眼睛）.Use rings to 33 mines （地雷）in a certain area. The seeing partner stands on the34 side of the field. He must direct his partner across the mine

35、 field safely.The point is to see how 35 their chosen form of communication is.For another activity, 36 the whole group an un-assembled （未組裝的）tent.Tell them they are in Antarctica and 37survived a snowstorm. The team leaderhas his hands hurt and cannot 38. Half the team have been blinded by 39and the o