常用折射率表

1、確定折射率:光從真空射入介質(zhì)發(fā)生折射時(shí)，入射角irn簡(jiǎn)稱“折射率”。它表示光在介質(zhì)中傳播時(shí)，介質(zhì)對(duì)光的一種特征。公式:n=sin i/sin r=c/v1不同的折射率；在對(duì)可見光為透亮的媒質(zhì)內(nèi)，折射率常隨波長(zhǎng)的減小而增大，即紅光的折射率最小，紫光的折射率最大。通常所說某物體的折射率數(shù)值多少1.331.552.421.51.9，是指對(duì)鈉黃光589310-10而言。相對(duì)折射率:12 發(fā)生折射時(shí)，入射角 1 與折射角 2 的正弦之比n212示在兩種各向同性介質(zhì)中光速比值的物理量。公式:n21=sin 1/sin 2=n2/n1=v1/v2光學(xué)介質(zhì)的一個(gè)根本參量。即光在真空中的速度c 與在介質(zhì)中的相速

2、v 之比真空的折射率等于 1，兩種介質(zhì)的折射率之比稱為相對(duì)折射率。例如，第一介質(zhì)的折射率為n1，其次介n2，則n21n2n1質(zhì)對(duì)真空的相對(duì)折射率。于是折射定律可寫成如下形式 . n1sin in2sin t，折射率較大的稱光密介質(zhì)，折射率較小的稱光疏介質(zhì)。 r r導(dǎo)率。折射率還與波長(zhǎng)有關(guān)，稱色散現(xiàn)象。手冊(cè)中供給的折射率數(shù)據(jù)是對(duì)某一特定波長(zhǎng)而言的通常1.00027。在工程光學(xué)中常把空氣折射率當(dāng)作1，而其他介質(zhì)的折射率就是對(duì)空氣的相對(duì)折射率。液體介質(zhì)常用臨界角法阿貝折射儀；氣體介質(zhì)則用周密度更高的干預(yù)法瑞利干預(yù)儀。常用物體折射率表空氣1.0003玻璃，鋅冠1.517氯化鈉鹽21.644液體二氧化碳

3、1.200玻璃，冠1.520重火石玻璃1.650冰1.309氯化鈉1.530二碘甲烷1.740(201.333氯化鈉鹽11.544紅寶石1.770丙酮1.360聚苯乙烯1.550蘭寶石1.770一般酒精1.360石英 21.553特重火石玻璃1.89030% 的糖溶液1.380翡翠1.570水晶2.000酒精1.329輕火石玻璃1.575鉆石2.417面粉1.434天青石1.610氧化鉻2.705溶化的石英1.460黃晶1.610氧化銅2.705Calspar21.486二硫化碳1.630非晶硒2.92080% 的糖溶液1.490石英 11.644碘晶體3.340玻璃1.500常用晶體及光學(xué)玻

4、璃折射率表分子式或符號(hào)SiO2NaCl折射率 重冕玻璃ZK61.45843重冕玻璃ZK81.54427鋇冕玻璃BaK2 1.53988螢 石KCl CaF2K6 K8 K91.49044火石玻璃F11.603281.43381BaF8 1.625901.51110重火石玻璃 ZF11.647521.51590重火石玻璃 ZF51.739771.51630重火石玻璃 ZF61.75496折射率。)物質(zhì)名稱 分子式none冰H201.3131.309氟化鎂MgF21.3781.390石英Si021.5441.553氯化鎂MgOH2O1.5591.580鋯石ZrO2SiO21.9231.968硫化鋅

5、ZnS2.3562.378方解石CaOCO21.6581.486鈣黃長(zhǎng)石 2Ca0Al203SiO2 1.6691.658菱鎂礦ZnOCO21.7001.509剛石Al2O31.7681.760淡紅銀礦 3Ag2SAS2S32.9792.711液體折射率表物質(zhì)名稱分子式密度折射率丙醇CH3COCH30.791201.3593甲CH3OH0.794201.3290乙C2H5OH0.800201.3618苯C6H61.880201.5012二硫化碳CS21.263201.6276四氯化碳CCl41.591201.4607三氯甲烷CHCl31.489201.4467乙醚C2H50C2H50.7152

6、01.3538甘油C3H8O31.260201.4730松節(jié)油暫無(wú)0.8720.71.4721橄欖油暫無(wú)0.9201.4763水H2O全部常見物體折射率表1.00201.3330中文EnglishIOR Values中文EnglishIOR Values丙酮Acetone1.36紫蘇輝石Hypersthene1.670Actinolite1.618冰Ice1.309瑪瑙Agate1.544符山石Idocrase1.713瑪瑙,苔蘚Agate, Moss1.540碘水晶Iodine Crystal3.34空氣Air1.0002926堇青石Iolite1.548酒精Alcohol1.329鐵Iro

7、n1.51Alexandrite1.745象牙Ivory1.540鋁Aluminum1.44玉, 軟玉Jade, Nephrite1.610琥珀Amber1.546翡翠石Jadeite1.665鋰磷鋁石Amblygonite1.611碧玉Jasper1.540紫水晶Amethyst1.544黑玉Jet1.660銳鈦Anatase2.490柱晶石Kornerupine1.665紅柱石Andalusite1.641紫鋰輝石Kunzite1.655硬石膏Anhydrite1.571藍(lán)晶石Kyanite1.715磷灰石Apatite1.632德國(guó)青金石Lapis Gem1.500魚眼石Apophyll

8、ite1.536藍(lán)寶石Lapis Lazuli1.61綠玉Aquamarine1.577天藍(lán)石Lazulite1.615文石Aragonite1.530鉛Lead2.01氬Argon1.000281白榴石Leucite1.509瀝青Asphalt1.635菱鎂Magnesite1.515榮耀石Augelite1.574孔雀石Malachite1.655斧石Axinite1.675海泡石Meerschaum1.530藍(lán)銅Azurite1.730水銀 (液態(tài))Mercury (liq)1.62重晶石Barite1.636甲醇Methanol1.329斜鋇鈣石Barytocalcite1.684綠玻

9、隕石Moldavite1.500月長(zhǎng)石,冰長(zhǎng)Moonstone,Adula藍(lán)錐Benitoite1.7571.525石ria月長(zhǎng)石,鈉長(zhǎng)Moonstone,Albit苯Benzene1.5011.535石e綠玉石Beryl1.577鈉沸石Natrolite1.480磷(酸)鈉鈹石Beryllonite1.553軟玉Nephrite1.600磷鋁鈉石,銀星石Brazilianite1.603氮 (氣體)Nitrogen(gas)1.000297溴 (液態(tài))Bromine (liq)1.661氮 (液態(tài))Nitrogen(liq)1.2053青銅Bronze1.18尼龍Nylon1.53方解石Ca

10、lcite1.486黑曜石Obsidian1.489鈣霞石Cancrinite1.491橄欖石Olivine1.670二硫化碳Carbon Dioxide(gas)CarbonDisulfide1.0004491.628鎬瑪腦Onyx1.486蛋白石Opal1.450四氯化碳1.460四氯化碳1.460氧 (氣體)Oxygen(gas)1.000276ride錫石Cassiterite1.997氧 (液態(tài))Oxygen(liq)1.221天青石Celestite1.622紅硅硼鋁鈣石Painite1.787白鉛Cerussite1.804珍寶Pearl1.530鐵鎂尖晶石Ceylanite1.

11、770方鎂石Periclase1.740玉髓Chalcedony1.530橄欖石Peridot1.654白堊Chalk1.510藍(lán)彩鈉長(zhǎng)石Peristerite1.525球菱鐵Chalybite1.630透鋰長(zhǎng)石Petalite1.502氯 (氣體)Chlorine (gas)1.000768硅鈹石Phenakite1.650氯 (液態(tài))Chlorine (liq)1.385角鉛礦Phosgenite2.117鉻,綠色Chrome Green2.4塑料Plastic1.460鉻,紅色Chrome Red2.42普列克斯玻璃Plexiglas1.50鉻,黃色Chrome Yellow2.31聚苯

12、乙烯Polystyrene1.55鉻Chromium2.97綠石英Prase1.540金綠玉Chrysoberyl1.745堇塊綠泥石Prasiolite1.540藍(lán)銅Chrysocolla1.500葡萄石Prehnite1.610綠玉髓Chrysoprase1.534淡紅銀礦2.790黃水晶Citrine1.550紫磷鐵錳礦Purpurite1.840斜簾石Clinozoisite1.724黃鐵礦Proustite1.810鈷,藍(lán)色Cobalt Blue1.74鎂鋁石Pyrope1.740鈷,綠色Cobalt Green1.97石英Quartz1.544鈷,紫色Cobalt Violet1.

13、71石英, 溶化Quartz, Fused1.45843硬硼鈣石Colemanite1.586硼鋰鈹?shù)VRhodizite1.690銅Copper1.10薔薇輝石Rhodonite1.735銅氧化物Copper Oxide2.705巖石鹽Rock Salt1.544珊瑚Coral1.486橡皮, 肉色Rubber, Natural1.5191堇青石Cordierite1.540紅寶石Ruby1.760剛玉Corundum1.766金紅石Rutile2.62赤鉛Crocoite2.310透長(zhǎng)石Sanidin1.522水晶Crystal2.00藍(lán)寶石Sapphire1.760赤銅Cuprite2.8

14、50方柱石Scapolite1.540方柱石, 黃色Scapolite, Yello寞黃晶Danburite1.633的w1.555鉆石Diamond2.417重石Scheelite1.920Selenium, Amorph透輝石Diopside1.680硒, 無(wú)定形的2.92ous白云石Dolomite1.503蛇紋玉Serpentine1.560藍(lán)線石Dumortierite1.686貝殼She ll1.530硬化橡皮Ebonite1.66矽Silicon4.24硅鈣鈾釷Ekanite1.600矽線石Sillimanite1.658脂光石Elaeolite1.532銀Silver0.18翡

15、翠Emerald1.576硼鋁鎂石Sinhalite1.699Emerald, Synthf翡翠,合成熔化1.561綠閃石Smaragdite1.608luxEmerald, Synthh翡翠, 合成水療1.568菱鋅Smithsonite1.621ydro頑輝石Enstatite1.663方鈉石Sodalite1.483綠簾石Epidote1.733氯化鈉Sodium Chloride1.544乙醇Ethanol1.36閃鋅Sphalerite2.368一般酒精Ethyl Alcohol1.36榍石Sphene1.885藍(lán)柱石Euclase1.652尖晶石Spinel1.712長(zhǎng)石, 砂金石

16、Feldspar,Adventurine1.532鋰輝石Spodumene1.650Feldspar, Albite1.525Feldspar, Amazon1.525ite十字石Staurolite1.739凍石Steatite1.539Feldspar,Labrad長(zhǎng)石,Feldspar,Labrad長(zhǎng)石, 閃光拉長(zhǎng)石1.565鋼Steel2.50Feldspar, Microc長(zhǎng)石, 微斜長(zhǎng)石1.525碳酸鎂鉻Stichtite1.520Feldspar, OligocStrontiumTitana長(zhǎng)石, 奧長(zhǎng)石1.539鈦酸鍶2.410laseteFeldspar, orthoc長(zhǎng)石,

17、 正長(zhǎng)石1.525聚苯乙Styrofoam1.595氟化物Fluoride1.56硫磺Sulphur1.960螢石Fluorite1.434人造尖晶石SyntheticSpinel1.730福米卡家具塑料貼Formica1.47鈹鎂晶石Taaffeite1.720Garnet, Almandin石榴石, 鐵鋁榴石1.760鉭鐵Tantalite2.240Garnet, Almandit石榴石, 鐵鋁榴石1.790坦尚黝簾石Tanzanite1.691Garnet, Andradit石榴石, 鈣鐵榴石1.820特氟隆Teflon1.35Garnet, Demantoi石榴石, 翠榴石1.880桿

18、沸石Thomsonite1.530Garnet, Grossula石榴石, 鈣鋁榴石1.738虎睛釉Tiger eye1.544Garnet, Hessonit石榴石, 肉桂石1.745黃晶Topaz1.620lase面eeedr石榴石, 紅榴石石eGarnet,RhodoliteGarnet,Spessartite1.7601.810黃晶, 藍(lán)色的 Topaz, Blue1.610黃晶, 粉紅的 Topaz, Pink1.620單斜鈉鈣石Gaylussite單斜鈉鈣石Gaylussite1.517黃晶,白色的Topaz,White1.630玻璃Glass1.51714黃晶,黃色的Topaz,Yellow1.620玻璃,鈉長(zhǎng)石Glass,Albite1.4890電氣石Tourmaline1.624玻璃,冠Glass,Crown1.520透閃石Tremolite1.600Glass,Crown,Zi玻璃、冠, 鋅1.517硅鈹鋁鈉石Tugtupite1.496ncGlass,Flint,De密集1.66松節(jié)油Turpentine1.472nseGlass,Flint,He重1.89土耳其玉Turquoise1.610aviestGlass,Flint,He重1.65548