艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座培訓(xùn)課件

1、艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座ContentsAIDS (definition, infections, treatment, prevention)AIDS in the WorldAIDS in ChinaDiscussionAdded materials 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座2ContentsAIDS (definition, infeAIDSWhat is AIDS？How is it caught？TreatmentPrevention 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座3AIDSWhat is AIDS？艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座Definition- AIDS

2、 (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) (獲得性免疫缺陷綜合癥) is a disease caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) (人類免疫缺陷病毒). It attacks the immune system, your bodys main defense against disease. AIDS is the final and most serious stage of the HIV disease. 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座4Definition艾滋病AIDS

3、專業(yè)知識講座4InfectionsPeople do not get HIV from everyday meetings with infected people at school or other places. HIV cannot be spread by touching a person or touching clothes, telephones, dishes, door handles or toilet seats, by playing sports or by mosquitoes (蚊子). A person cant catch HIV through casu

4、al contact such as hugs, kisses, or handshakes. HIV is caught in two main ways: By having sex with a person who is HIV positive, or by sharing a needle with a person who has HIV. Heroin has fueled a sharp rise in drug use and encouraged the sharing of needles that helps to spread AIDS. A baby can be

5、 born infected with HIV if the mother has the virus. It is also possible to be infected with HIV through blood transfusions. 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座5InfectionsPeople do not get 細菌(肺結(jié)核, 傷寒)病毒(HIV, 肝炎, SARS, 流感，)HIV侵入一個細胞Human Immunodeficiency VirusAcquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeHIV： 人類免疫缺陷損病毒AIDS：獲得性免疫缺陷綜合

6、癥細胞lHIVl細胞艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座6細菌病毒HIV侵入一個細胞Human Immunodefic Treatment There is no cure for AIDS at the moment. People who become infected with HIV may look or feel healthy for up to 10 years, but they can still pass the infection on to others. The virus slowly attacks the bodys immune system until it can

7、 no longer fight off deadly illnesses. Researchers are working to develop medicine to prevent AIDS or a drug to cure it. And new treatments are beginning to increase the length of time people with AIDS can live. Doctor He Dayi found that the therapeutic combination (cocktail therapy) of a variety of

8、 anti-HIV drugs has a remarkable effect on AIDS. 何大一艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座7何大一艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座7抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物的分類三類藥物可用來治療HIV 逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抑制劑 融合酶抑制劑zidovudine enfuvirtidenevirapinestavudine delavirdinelamivudine efavirenzzalcitabine didanosine abacavirEmtricitabineNucleotidetenofovir蛋白酶抑制劑amprenavirindinavirsaquinavirnelfinav

9、irritonavirlopinaviratazanavir艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座8抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物的分類三類藥物可用來治療HIV 逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抑制Prevention Prevention of AIDS requires foresight and self-control. Government should issue some laws and regulations to prevent it. People, especially young people, must not: have sexual contact with people known or thought to

10、 be infected with AIDS, or with people who use drugs. Young people are becoming more at risk to HIV and AIDS because they are becoming more sexually active and at a much earlier age. It is important to provide sex education for young people in China. Do not use intravenous drugs (靜脈注射毒品). They can e

11、liminate drug use, drug-related risk behaviors such as needle sharing, unsafe sexual practices, and, in turn, the risk of exposure to HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases. Drug abuse prevention and treatment are highly effective in preventing the spread of HIV. 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座9Prevention艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講

12、座9艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座培訓(xùn)課件艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座11艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座11AIDS in China HIV/AIDS is beginning to spread from particular groups in China to the general population. 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座12AIDS in China HIV/AIDS is be艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座13艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座13Sites of Surveillance(監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)）TIBETQINGHAIGANSUNEIMENGGUHEILONGJIANGLIAONING

13、GUIZHOUGUANGXIGUANGDONGHAINANHUNANJIANGXIFUJIANTAIWANZHEJIANGJIANGSUSHANGHAISHANDONGSHAANXISHANXININGXIAXINJIANGSICHUANHUBEIHENANANHUIYUNNANHEBEIBEIJINGHONG KONGMACAO STD patients sex workers drug users truck drivers pregnant women blood giversTIANJINJILIN艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座14Sites of Surveillance(監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)）TI

14、B中國艾滋病疫情情況(1995-2007.8)AIDS in China at the end of June, 2003截至2007年8月底，全國累計報告HIV感染者和艾滋病病人218107例，其中艾滋病病人58893例，累計報告死亡19258例。2007年新報告HIV感染者和艾滋病病人32235例，其中艾滋病病人6435例，死亡3095例。2006年1-12月和2007年1-6月，全國平均每月新報告感染者基本穩(wěn)定在3000人左右。 At the end of August, 2007, China had 218,107 reported HIV-positive cases, accum

15、ulatively. These included 58,893 full-blown cases and 19,258 deaths. 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座15中國艾滋病疫情情況(1995-2007.8)AIDS in中國累積報告HIV感染者感染途徑 (1985-2003) Risk Factors for Cumulative HIV Infections in China, Blood/ProductsOthersMTCTBlood CollectionHetero/Homo Sex采血9.4%不詳18.7%血液/血制品1.6%異性/同性8.4%靜注毒品61.6%母嬰傳播0.3%I

16、DU艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座16中國累積報告HIV感染者感染途徑 (1985-2003) 艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座17艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座17中國累計報告HIV感染者地區(qū)分布（19952003.6）Geographic Distribution of Cumulative HIV Infections in China1-100101-500501-10001001-50005001-1000010000HIV感染者數(shù)艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座18中國累計報告HIV感染者地區(qū)分布（19952003.6）HIV感染率與單采漿頻率的關(guān)系Infection and Frequency of

17、 Paid Plasma DonationsFrequency of donation/per monthHIV Rate艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座19HIV感染率與單采漿頻率的關(guān)系Infection and 同性/雙性戀傳播流行Epidemics driven by homo-/bi-sexual contact據(jù)專家估計，涉及同性戀的人員數(shù)量很大The number of homosexuals is believed to be large.個別調(diào)查顯示，一些男性同性戀群體的感染率在1%-5%Limited information shows that HIV already has s

18、pread to gay communities, with some of them being infected at a rate between 1%-5% ;絕大多數(shù)男同性戀者同女人結(jié)婚，對女性和家庭構(gòu)成威脅。Most gay men marry the opposite sex, exposing women and family to the threat of HIV/AIDS.我們需要更多地關(guān)注同性戀艾滋病問題We need to give more attention to the countrys gay groups.艾滋病AIDS專業(yè)知識講座20同性/雙性戀傳播流行Epidemics driven byCan people be infected by ?1. HIV can be passed on through bodily fluids such as sputum (唾液) and sweat (汗液).2. Kissing can pass on AIDS.3. Those who have AIDS are gays (同性戀者). 4. I could become infected with HIV if I eat with an AIDS patient.5. AIDS is s