Unit5語法定語從句課件-高中英語人教版選擇性必修第三冊

定語從句1.定義：在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句2.先行詞：被修飾的名詞、代詞或整句話關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞：3.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系副詞：when,where,whywho,whom,whose,which,that,as等定語從句的基本概念關(guān)系代詞修飾的先行詞所作成分who人主語、賓語whom人賓語that人或物主語、賓語、表語which物主語、賓語、表語whose人或物定語as人或物主語、賓語、表語關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語時，通?？梢允÷?。as與which區(qū)別1.位置二者都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，但which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能位于主句之后，as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句之前，之中和之后,位置靈活。2.指代

as指代整個的句子，which除了指代整個句子還可以指代句子中的名詞和代詞。3.固定搭配

as常與know,see,remember,say,show,expect,guess等動詞連用，as的固定搭配有：asweallknow眾所周知asisexpected正如所預(yù)料的asthesayinggoes正如諺語所說asissaidabove正如以上所述asisreported正如報道的那樣asisoftenthecase這是常有的事4.句義

as引導(dǎo)的從句主要起連接上下文的作用，表達(dá)說話人的觀點、看法，意為“正如，正像”，which引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個并列句，意為“這一點，這件事”關(guān)系副詞when,where,why在定語從句中，先行詞---表示時間、地點或原因的名詞從句中缺狀語要用關(guān)系副詞when,where,whywhen,where,why可與“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)互換Istillremembertheday

when

Icamehere.

ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.

ontheday=onwhich=when

inthehouse=inwhich=whereforthereasons=forwhich=why關(guān)系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞只能用that不用which的情況(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much

等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame修飾時。(5)先行詞既有人又有物時。介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法“介詞十關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞常用的有which，whom，whose，不可用that和who。Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.其中介詞的確定主要遵循以下2個原則:

1.根據(jù)與定語從句中動詞、形容詞與先行詞的某種固定搭配來確定

1）Inthedarkstreet.therewasntasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.

2）Physicsisthesubjectinourschoolinwhicheverystudentisinterested.

3）Thisisthecamera________Ispent6yuan.4）Thisisthecamera_________Ipaid6yuan.

2.根據(jù)與先行詞搭配的具體含義而定

1）IneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.2）Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecan＇tliveiscalledoxygen.3）IrememberthedayonwhichIcametomytowerofivory.4）Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?

onwhichforwhichtoin×

×

其它注意要點1.主謂一致從句謂語動詞和先行詞保持一致oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞

謂語

動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞謂語

動詞用單數(shù)形式Therearemorethan200volunteers

whoarehelpingwiththework.TitanicistheonlyoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthathasbeenproducedinHollywood.Heisoneofstudentswho______goingtoBeijing!Heistheonlyoneofstudentswho_____goingtoBeijing!areis2.Way的用法先行詞是way,定語從句缺狀語時，關(guān)系詞用that;inwhich;/三種形式.定語從句中缺主語或賓語時，用which/that,做賓語時還可以省略。判斷theway在定語從句中所做成分1.Idon’tliketheway____youspeaktoyourfather.2.Thisistheway____hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem.3.Thisistheway____canbeusedinourcompany.狀語賓語主語3.分隔式定語從句正常情況下，定語從句緊跟先行詞詞之后但有時為了保持句子的平衡或行文需要，在其中間插入一些其他成分

Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.Theday

issuretocomewhen

youwillsucceed.4.混點辨析Hesoldhisbicycle,_______surprisedme._____isknowntoall,Einsteinisafamousscientist.______isknowntoallthat…….______isknowntoallis

that

……As

WhatItwhich定語從句與并列句1.Thereare50studentsinourclass,20of____aregirls.2.Thereare50studentsinourclass,and20of____aregirls.whomthem

定語從句與同位語從句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews_________hetoldusyesterday.that(that/which)易錯對比練習(xí)1.1)MrLihasthreedaughters，noneof_____isanengineer．2)MrLihasthreedaughters，butnoneof_____isadancer．

2.1)Itwaseleveno’clock_____theywentoutofthecinema.

2)Itwasateleveno’clock

_____

theywentoutofthecinema.3.1)Itwasinthehospital____hecameacrossafriendofhis.2)Itwasthehospital____hecameacrossafriendofhis.4.1).Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.2).Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.5.1).Motherdidn'tcomebackonDecember25,_____wasmybirthday.2).Motherdidn'tcomebackhomeonDecember25,_____shewasbusyworking.whomthemwhenthatwherethatwherewhich/thatwhichwhen6.1).Thisistheroom_____helivedinhischildhood.2).Thisistheroom_____helivedinlastyear.7.1)Theteacherdidn’tknowthereason_______shewasabsentyesterday?2)Theteachercouldn’tacceptthereason_______sheexplainedyesterday?8.1)Wemustlearntoactinways______donotharmotherlivingthings.

2)Idon’tliketheway_____hespoketohismother.

3)Thisistheway____hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem.wherewhichwhywhich/thatwhich/thatthat/inwhich/不填which/that11.1)_____weallknow,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.

2)_____iswell-knownthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.

3)_____iswell-knowntousallisthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.12.1)I’msurprisedatall_____hesaidatthemeeting.2)I’msurprisedat_____hesaidatthemeeting.13.1)_____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights._____wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.14.1)Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms_____shownlastweek.2)Thisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilms_____shownlastweek.

WhoeverWhatAnyonethatwerethatwasAsItthatwhat15.1)Hestilllivesintheroom_____windowf