2020年1月上海春季高考英語試題精校版(含試題及答案)

Weweighbenefitsofmedicationsversusthecomplexityofaddingonemoredrugtohercrowdedpill1Ifyouansweredno,you'renotalone.Whenyouropinionsareshared,youwillfindmorepotentialaboutyou.Yourvaluesandneedsmayalsovaryfromoneappointmenttothenext.Thetruedifferencereliesonwhatyouunderstandinsteadofwhatyousee.Ayearfromnowaftergraduation,we'llrevisittheconversation,ashigoalsandneedsmaybedifferent.TheMostImportantThingYou'reNotDiscussingwithYourDoctorShareddecisionmakingrequiresyoutobeanactiveparticipant.PoliticiansandpolicymakersarediscussingwhatpartsoftheAffordableCareActtochangeandwhattokeep.Whilemostofushavelittlecontroloverthosediscussions,thereisonehealthcaretopicthatwecancontrol:whatwetalkaboutwithourdoctor.TheInstituteofMedicine(IOM)releasedthelandmarkpublicationCrossingtheQualityChasm15yearsago.ThereportproposedsixaimsforimprovementintheU.S.healthsystem,identifyingthathealthcareshouldbepatient-centered,safe,effective,timely,efficientandequitable.Theideathathealthcareshouldbepatient-centeredsoundsobvious,butwhatdoesthatmean?TheIOMdefinesitascarethatis“respectfulofandresponsivetoindividualpatientpreferences,needs,andvalues”andthatensures“patientvaluesguideallclinicaldecisions.”Forthistotrulyhappen,doctors'appointmentsneedtocovermoretopicsthanhowoneisfeelingandwhatcanbedone.Doesyourdoctorknowyourvalues?66Fewerthanhalfofpeoplereportthattheirphysicianorotherhealthcareproviderasksabouttheirgoalsandconcernsfortheirhealthandhealthcare.Yourdoctorcandiscussmedicaltestsandtreatmentswithoutknowingyourlifegoals,butsharingyourvaluesandneedswithyourdoctormakesdiscussionsanddecisionsmorepersonalizedandmayleadtobetterhealth.Howdoespatient-centeredcarehappen?Inorderforyourhealthcaretocenteraroundyou,yourdoctorneedstoknowyourvalues,preferencesandneeds.Everyoneisdifferent.67Asaneurologist,whenI'mworkingwitha76-year-oldwidowwhosemaingoalistoremainindependentinherhome,weframehercareinthatcontext.68Wediscusshowawalkerhelpsherbemoreindependentratherthanless,asshecanmovearoundherhomemoresafely.Whenastressedcollegestudentcomestomyofficeforabothersometremor,hispreferenceistoavoidmedicationsthathemightforgettotakeorthatmightharmhisschoolperformance.Thisguidesourdiscussionoftheprosandconsofdifferentoptions,includingusingmedicationsbutalsodoingnothing,anoptionthatalmosthalfofpatientsfeelstronglyshouldalwaysbediscussed.69Insharingtheirvaluesandgoalswithme,theseindividualsenabledahealthcareapproachthatrespectedtheirneedsandalsorespondedtotheirlifecircumstances.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ToLaughIsHumanMostofusdon'tknowwhywelaughatsomejokesandnotatothers.Scientistsknowthatweareabletolaughatbirth.Babiesbegintolaughatthreetofourmonthsofage,wellbeforetheyproducetheirfirstwords.Whatscientistsareinterestediniswhywelaugh.Scientistsbelievehumanslaughwithothersprimarilybecauseitmakesusfeelconnectedwithoneanother,whichinturngivesusasenseoftrustandcomfort.Toscientists,laughterisanunconsciousreaction:consequently,whenwelaugh,otherscanbecertainthatitisanhonestreaction,andhonestyiskeywhenbuildingandmaintainingfriendships.Sincelaughterisseenasasocialsignalthatwesendtoothers,itcanalsohelpexplainwhyitissoinfectious.Studieshaveproventhatwhenpeopleseeorhearsomethingfunny,theyare20timesmorelikelytolaughwhentheyarewithothersthanwhentheyarealone.Wantingtobeacceptedbyothersispartofhumannature.Andmirroringotherpeople'slaughterissaignwaalytotoothersthatyoufeelthewaytheydo,whichmakesusfeelmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Humanshavenotalwayslaughedjustsotheycanfeelclosertoothers,however.Scientistspointoutthatthissocialfunctionoflaughterwasbornoutofanevenmorefundamentalhumanneed.Laughter,theybelieve,cameaboutbecauseitcontributedtoourverysurvivalasaspecies.Scientistsassumethatsharinglaughterensuredourancestorsahighersurvivalratebecauseitledtogreatercooperationbetweenindividuals.Humanslearnedquicklythatgreatercooperationledtosurvival,andthebraininturnrealizedthatlaughingwithothersincreasedoutchancesoffindingpeopletocooperate,hunt,eat,live,andeventually,survivewith.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.少喝含糖的飲料，否則你會容易發(fā)胖。（or）在法庭上，他堅持自己沒犯搶劫罪。（guilty）你是不是同意，在心情愉快的時候，總會有創(chuàng)意出現(xiàn)？（occur）當談到辦公室沖突的時候,專家建議應(yīng)更多地反思自己，更多地換位思考，并及時與同事溝通。（Whenitcomesto）GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)的學(xué)生王磊，你校計劃引進一個機器人擔任餐廳服務(wù)員或者圖書館管理員，并在英語貼吧征求學(xué)生意見，你很感興趣，決定回帖響應(yīng)，你所寫的內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括:你認為機器人適合擔任的一個崗位，二選一；通過比較，閘述你選擇的理由，可以從工作效率、服務(wù)范圍等方面進行表述。參考答案GrammarandVocabulary（共20分。每小題1分）21.do22.less23.hadspent24.Nowthat25.how26.in27.Tobe/Being28.emptied29.tosee30.where31-35DBFKH36-40ECAGIReadingComprehension（共45分。41-55每題1分;56-70每題2分）41-45BABDC46-50CADBD51-55CADCB56-60CBBAC61-65ADCCB66-70CBDAFSummaryWriting（共10分）Possibleversion1Scientiststhinkhumansarebornwiththeabilitytolaugh,butwhydowelaugh?Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognizedsowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurviveasitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.Possibleversion2Laughterisunconscious,infectiousandbasic.Itbringsusatrustworthy,comfortableandhonestfeeling,thusbettermaintainingfriendships.Chancesarethatwelaughmorewithothersaround,contributingtopromptingrecognitionandfeelingmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Scientistsassurethatlaughterresultedingreatercooperationbetweenindividualsinancienttimes,asbettercooperationleadstosurvival.Possibleversion3Wewerebornwiththeabilitytohelpandscientiststhinkthereasonwhywelaughisthatwefeelconnectedwithothersandwewanttoberecognizedbyothers.Besides,laughterhelpspeopletocooperatetosurvivewith.V.Translation（共15分。第1小題和第2小題，每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分）Don'tdrinktoomuchsugarydrinks/sugaredbeverages,oritiseasyforyoutogainweight.Heinsistedthathewasn'tguiltyofrobbing/robberyincourt.Doyouagreecreativityalwaysoccurswhenyouareinagoodmood?Whenitcomestoofficeconflicts,expertssuggestoneshouldreflectmoreonherself/himself,alwaysputthemselvesinothers'shoes,andcommunicatewithworkmatesintime.GuidedWriting（共25分）Dearheadmaster,SoappealingisyourplantointroducearobottoourschoolthatIdecidetorespondtoyouraskingforproposals.Frommyperspective,arobotismoresuitableforthepositionoflibrarian.Withregardtotherangeofservice,alibrarianneedsnotonlytoclassifydifferentkindsofbooks,putandfindthemintherightorderontherightshelfbutalsokeeparecordofwhatbooksareborrowedandreturned,whilebeingawaiterinarestaurantinvolvesservingtherightdishestotherighttable,dosomecleaningandcommunicatingwiththediners.Arobotcanaccomplishthreeorfourlibrarians'work