考研考博-英語-云南城市建設(shè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南城市建設(shè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Don’tletsucha（）matterasthiscomebetweenussothatwecanconcentrateonthemajorissue.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trivial

B.partial

C.slight

D.minimal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trivial“不重要的，瑣碎的”，trivialmatter是固定搭配，表示“瑣事”；B選項(xiàng)partial“偏愛的，不公平的”；C選項(xiàng)slight“輕微的，少量的”；D選項(xiàng)minimal“最低的，最小限度的”。句意：不要讓這件小事造成我們之間的障礙，以便我們能夠?qū)⒕性谥饕氖虑樯?。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

Theproblemthaturbansprawlis（）upontheun-spoiltcountrysidedeservesmoreattentionfromthegovernmentandthepublic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occupying

B.taking

C.encroach

D.encroaching

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occupy“占據(jù)；占用”；B選項(xiàng)take“拿走；取走”；C選項(xiàng)encroach“侵占(某人的時(shí)間)；蠶食(土地)”；D選項(xiàng)encroaching“encroach的現(xiàn)在分詞形式”。句意：城市擴(kuò)張正在侵蝕著未被破壞的農(nóng)村，這一問題值得政府和公眾更多的關(guān)注。此處的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)與介詞upon構(gòu)成搭配，而空格前面為be動(dòng)詞，因此此處應(yīng)該為現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故選D。encroachupon表示“侵犯，侵占”。

3.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Restrainthemselvesfromhigh-riskinvestments.

B.Saveone-fifthoftheirnetmonthlyincome.

C.Investshrewdlyinlucrativebusinesses.

D.Trytoearnasmuchmoneyaspossible.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Startbydoingsomethingsmall.

B.Askaclosefriendforadvice.

C.Trytosticktotheirinitialplan.

D.Cut20%oftheirdailyspending.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anoptimisticattitude.

B.Anambitiousplan.

C.Apropermindset.

D.Akeeninterest.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

【解析】PassageOne

Toachievefinancialsecurity,howmuchyousaveisalwaysmoreimportantthantheamountyouearnorhowshrewdlyyouinvest.[9]Ifyou’reunder30yearsold,yourgoalshouldbetosave20%ofyourmonthlyincomeaftertaxdeductions.Thisisirrespectiveofhowmuchyouearn.Approximately50%shouldbereservedforessentialslikefoodandaccommodation.Theremaining30%isforrecreationandentertainment.Butformanyyoungpeople,it’llbedifficulttodesignatesuchalargeproportionoftheirincomeforsavings.[10]Ifyoufindithardtosaveanymoneyatall,startbycuttingallunnecessaryspending.Allocateatinyamountofoneortwopercentforsavingsandgraduallyincreasethatamount.Alwayskeepthat20%goalinmindtopreventyourselffrombecomingcomplacent.Itcanbechallengingtosticktosuchastrictplan.[11]Butifyouadopttherightmindset,youshouldbeabletomakeitworkforyou.Sowhatshouldyoubedoingwiththemoneythatyou’resaving?Somemustbekepteasilyaccessibleincaseyouneedsomecashinanemergency.Thelargestproportionshouldbeinvestedinretirementplanseitherthroughyouremployerorprivately.Andyoucankeepsomemoneyforhighriskbutpotentiallylucrativeinvestments.Dividendscanbereinvestedorusedtopurchasesomethingyoulike.Byfollowingthisplan,youshouldhopefullybeabletoenjoyyourlifenowandstillbefinanciallysecureinthefuture.

9.Whatarepeopleunderthirtyadvisedtodotoachievefinancialsecurity?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問30歲以下的人要做些什么來獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障？錄音開頭提到，如果你不到30歲，你的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該是在扣除每月收入的稅款后，將其中的20%存起來，B選項(xiàng)“把每月凈收入的五分之一存起來”，其中one-fifth是對(duì)錄音中20%的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“避免高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資”，錄音中說的是，你可以存一些錢用于高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)但可能有高回報(bào)的投資，選項(xiàng)與原文表述不符，因此不正確；C選項(xiàng)“精明地投資利潤豐厚的企業(yè)”和D選項(xiàng)“努力賺盡可能多的錢”，錄音開頭就提到，為獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障，存錢比賺錢和投資更加重要，因此均可排除。

10.Whatshouldpeopledoiftheyfinditdifficulttofollowthespeaker’sadviceontheirfinancialplan?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于說話者提供的財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃建議，如果人們很難去執(zhí)行，那么他們應(yīng)該做什么？錄音中提到，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)存錢很難，那就從削減所有不必要的開支開始，A選項(xiàng)“從小事做起”與原文表述最為相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“向親密的朋友尋求建議”和C選項(xiàng)“盡力堅(jiān)持他們最初的計(jì)劃”在錄音中沒有信息提及，因此排除；D項(xiàng)“削減20%的日常開支”，錄音中說的是削減不必要的開支，選項(xiàng)意思與錄音表述不符，因此不正確。

11.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkisimportantforachievingfinancialsecurity?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問說話者認(rèn)為什么對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障很重要？錄音中提到，如果你采取了正確的心態(tài)（adopttherightmindset），那么如此嚴(yán)格的財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃就能發(fā)揮作用，也就是能夠幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障，因此C選項(xiàng)“恰當(dāng)?shù)男膽B(tài)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一種樂觀的態(tài)度”；B選項(xiàng)“一份雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃”和D選項(xiàng)“一種濃厚的興趣”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

4.單選題

______humanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupsetthedelicatechemicalbalanceinthebrain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Deliberate

B.Consistent

C.Abnormal

D.Primitive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Deliberate“故意的；從容的”；B選項(xiàng)Consistent“一致的；堅(jiān)持的”；C選項(xiàng)Abnormal“反常的”；D選項(xiàng)Primitive“原始的；簡單的”。句意：______的人類行為可能是由于食用了破壞大腦中微妙的化學(xué)物質(zhì)平衡的物質(zhì)而引起的。根據(jù)語境，大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)失衡會(huì)導(dǎo)致人和平時(shí)不同，Abnormal“反常的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Africanstudentshavemountedstrongprotestsoverthemeasure,claimingthattheyarebeingagainst.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.displaced

B.discriminated

C.resented

D.disturbed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)displacedv.取代，替換；B選項(xiàng)discriminatedv.歧視，辨別，區(qū)別；C選項(xiàng)resentedv.怨恨，厭惡；D選項(xiàng)disturbedv.擾亂，干擾。根據(jù)句意可知非洲學(xué)生們已經(jīng)針對(duì)實(shí)施方案確立了反抗提案，聲稱他們遭受了種族歧視。因此，正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

Someoldpeopledon’tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan’ttoleratesomuchnoise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resist

B.sustain

C.endure

D.undergo

【答案】C

【解析】考查同義動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)resist“抵抗，抗拒”；B選項(xiàng)sustain“維持，支持，承擔(dān)”；C選項(xiàng)endure“忍耐，忍受”；D選項(xiàng)undergo“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受”。句意：有些老人不喜歡流行歌曲，因?yàn)樗麄兪懿涣诉@么多的噪音。tolerate“忍受，容忍”，C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Look,weareinsuchanawfulsituation.I’dratheryou（）thedatafromtheInternetyesterday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadn’tdownloaded

B.didn’tdownload

C.weren’tdownloading

D.haven’tdownloaded

【答案】A

【解析】虛擬語氣。wouldrather（寧愿）+賓語從句，從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用had+過去分詞，故本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinorderrespects,appeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence-asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearnedthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Notsolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwoundwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，”theadvocateofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.violenceneversolvesanything.

B.nothing.

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing.

D.everything.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.can’tgetahearing.

B.arelookeddownupon.

C.Havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

D.arepersecuted.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening.

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.Moppinguptheviolentmess

D.nonviolence

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。B項(xiàng)(暴力難以消除種族偏見)適合做文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing(人類的整個(gè)歷史記錄，那冗長乏味的暴力記錄，完全沒有教給我們?nèi)魏螙|西)，故選B。

3.推斷題。第二段指出:真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同類們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)要人傾聽他們的意見越來越困難。D項(xiàng)是對(duì)A,B,C三項(xiàng)的總結(jié)。

4.語義題。Nonethewiser字面意思是“—點(diǎn)也不比以前聰明”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出:如果我們在法律的構(gòu)架中進(jìn)行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因此推斷作者認(rèn)為,法制是消滅種族歧視的辦法。

9.單選題

Mothertoldmethatthemostimportantthingofchoosingapieceofclothisits（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.style

B.texture

C.textile

D.content

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)style“風(fēng)格，類型”；B選項(xiàng)texture“質(zhì)地，紋理，結(jié)構(gòu)”；C選項(xiàng)textile“紡織品”；D選項(xiàng)content“內(nèi)容，滿足”。句意：母親告訴我，挑選一塊布最重要的是看它的質(zhì)地。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Heusescolor,lightandformquitedifferentlyfromtheconventionalstyleofhis（

）

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.successors

D.ancestors

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)descendant“子孫，后裔”；B選項(xiàng)predecessor“前任，前輩”；C選項(xiàng)successor“后繼者，繼承人”；D選項(xiàng)ancestor“祖宗，祖先”，分析空格前后的句子成分，是一個(gè)所有格短語，充當(dāng)介詞from的賓語，意思可以理解為“前輩的傳統(tǒng)表達(dá)方式”，句意為：他在色彩、光線和形式方面，做法完全不同于他前輩的傳統(tǒng)方式。故正確答案選B。

11.單選題

Iwouldratherhavehis（）thanhiscompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.room

B.house

C.coat

D.assets

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)room“房間；空間；余地；機(jī)會(huì)；房間里所有的人”；B選項(xiàng)house“住宅；家庭；機(jī)構(gòu)；議會(huì)；某種用途的建筑物”；C選項(xiàng)coat“外套；上衣；大衣；女大衣”；D選項(xiàng)assets“資產(chǎn)；寶貴的人才；有益的品質(zhì)；財(cái)產(chǎn)；有利條件；有價(jià)值的人或物”。ratherhaveone’sroomthanhiscompany“不愿與某人結(jié)伴為伍”，與preferone’sroomtohiscompany同義。句意：我不愿與他結(jié)伴為伍。

12.單選題

Theauthoritiesarediscouragingnew（

）whowanttoenterthecountryastherearen’tenoughjobsforthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.passengers

B.migrants

C.immigrants

D.emigrants

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:當(dāng)局正在阻止新的想進(jìn)入這個(gè)國家的移民，因?yàn)檫@的工作崗位不夠。

passenger旅客；乘客；過路人migrant移居者immigrant移民（移進(jìn)來）emigrant移民；僑民（移出的）。

13.翻譯題

世界上一些國家發(fā)生問題，從根本上來說，都是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)上不去，沒有飯吃，沒有衣穿，沒有房住，工資增長被通貨膨脹抵消。

【答案】

Basically,problemsinsomecountriesarecausedbypooreconomy,nofoodandnoclothingandnoshelter.Meanwhile,wagegrowthisoffsetbyinflation,whichalsoresultsintheseproblems.

14.單選題

Ifeelthathissubjectgainsalotfromtheattractive（

）ofthematter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentation

B.preparation

C.preference

D.potential

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。presentation“展示，陳述”；preparation“預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備”；preference“偏愛，傾向，優(yōu)先權(quán)”；potential“潛能，可能性”。

句意：我覺得他的話題從他對(duì)問題吸引人的陳述方式中獲益很多。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Providedthatmyexpense______，Iwillgowithyoufortheinvestigationnextweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arepaidfor

B.willbepaid

C.canbepaid

D.bepaidfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。providedthat表示“假如，設(shè)若”，在連接句子時(shí)相當(dāng)于if，由主句中的will可知從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）。expense表示“費(fèi)用（總稱）”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，pay在此句中作及物動(dòng)詞，在主動(dòng)句中pay的賓語為myexpense，此處表示被動(dòng)，因此選C。句意：如果我的費(fèi)用可以被支付，我下周就和你一起去調(diào)查。

16.單選題

Allthingsintheuniverseareinterrelatedand（）witheachother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intervene

B.interfere

C.interrupt

D.interact

【答案】D

【解析】intervene干涉，插入；interfere妨礙，打擾；interrupt闖入，打斷；interact相互影響，相互作用。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指世界上所有的事物都是相互聯(lián)系，相互影響的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

17.單選題

Atshortnoticerescuetroopsweresenttohelpthevehicles（）thedeepsnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soakedwith

B.stuckin

C.intendedfor

D.connectedto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)soakedwith“用……浸泡，使浸透”；B選項(xiàng)stuckin“陷入，插入”；C選項(xiàng)intendedfor“用來……”；D選項(xiàng)connectedto“連接”。句意：剛接到通知，救援部隊(duì)就立馬被派去幫助這些深深（）在雪里的車輛。根據(jù)語境，車輛stuckin“陷入”雪中比較合理。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Ithinkitadvisablethathe（

）Tokyosoon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willleave

B.mayleave

C.leave

D.leaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由“itisnecessary/important/advisable/anxious/essential...”等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣（即should+動(dòng)詞原形或只用動(dòng)詞原形）知C項(xiàng)“l(fā)eave”正確。

19.單選題

Ourcivilizationcannotbethoughtofas（）inashortperiodoftime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tohavebeencreated

B.tobecreated

C.havingbeencreated

D.beingcreated

【答案】C

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。as在這里是介詞，后面應(yīng)接名詞性質(zhì)的詞，排除A、B，create的動(dòng)作是過去發(fā)生的，應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)態(tài)，排除D。句意：不應(yīng)把我們的文明看作是短期內(nèi)創(chuàng)造出來的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.翻譯題

1.HalfwaythroughthesemesterinhismarketresearchcourseatRoanokeCollegelastfall,onlymomentsafterannouncingapolicyofzerotoleranceforcellphoneuseintheclassroom,Prof.AliNazemiheardaring.ThenhespottedayoungmannamedNeilNolandfumblingwithhisphone,tryingtoturnitoffbeforebeingcaught.

“Neil,canIseethatphone?”ProfessorNazemisaid,moreinacommandthanaquestion.Thestudentsurrenderedit.ProfessorNazemiopenedhisbriefcase,producedahammerandproceededtosmashtheoffendingdevice.Throughouttheclassroom,studentfaceswentashen.

“HowamIgoingtocallmyMomnow?”Neilasked.AsProfessorNazemirefusedtoanswer,aclassmateoffered,“Dude,youcansue.”

2.Onethingweshouldbeclearaboutwastheepisodeinhisclassroomhadbeenplottedandscriptedaheadoftime,withNeilNolandpartoftheplotallalong.Thephonewasanextraofhismother’s,itsservicecontractlongexpired.

ProfessorNazemi,inatelephoneinterviewlastweek,attestedtotheexasperationofcountlessteachersandprofessorsinthecomputerera.Theirpermanentwarofattritionwithdefiantlyinattentivestudentshasescalatedfromthepursuitofpigtail-pulling,spitball-lobbingandnotebook-doodlingtoahigh-techarsenaloflaptops,cellphonesBlackberriesandthelike.

Thepoorschoolteacherormasterormasternowmustcompetewithtexting,instant-messaging,Facebook,eBay,YouTube,Addictinggames.Cornandotherpoxes(瘟疫，災(zāi)難)onpedagogy.

“Therearecertainlinesyoushouldn’tcross,”theprofessorsaid.Ifyoustarttoleratingthisstuff,itbecomesthenorm.“Themoreyougive,themoretheytake.Multitaskingisgood,butIwantthemtodomoretaskinginmyclass.”

3.Alltheadvancesschoolsandcollegeshavemadetosupposedlyenhancelearning—supplyingstudentswithlaptops,equippingcomputerlabs,creatingwirelessnetworks—haveinsteadenableddistraction.Perhapsattendancerecordsshouldincludeanewcategory:presentbutotherwiseengaged.

4.“Iamsotiredofthatexcuse,”saidProfessorBugeja,mayhelivealongandfruitfullife.Theideathatsubjectmatterisboringistrulyrelative.Boringasopposedtowhat?BuyingshoesoneBay?Thefactis,we’renotheretoentertain.Weareheretostimulatethelifeofthemind.”

“Educationrequirescontemplation,”hecontinued.“Itrequirescriticalthinking.Whatwemaybedoingnowistrainingagenerationofair-trafficcontrollersratherthanscholars.AndIdoknowI,mgoingtolose.”

Not,onecanonlyhope,withoutfight.

Intheend,asscience-fictionwritershaveprophesiedforyears,thetechnologyisboundtooutwitthefalliblehuman.Whatteacherorprofessorcanpossiblypolicearoomfullofdeterminedgoof-offs(游手好閑者)whilealsodeliveringanengaginglesson?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）去年秋季，羅諾克學(xué)院的市場調(diào)研課業(yè)已過半。一天，阿里?納齊米教授宣布課堂上對(duì)手機(jī)實(shí)行零容忍的政策。話音剛落，他就聽到了手機(jī)的鈴聲。

（2）我們需要明白的一點(diǎn)是，課堂上的這段插曲事先經(jīng)過策劃并被寫成劇本。尼爾?諾蘭德始終介入了這個(gè)秘密計(jì)劃。被砸的是他母親閑置的一部手機(jī)，手機(jī)的服務(wù)合同早已滿期了。

（3）所有的中學(xué)和大學(xué)都為學(xué)生提供了筆記本電腦，配備了計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，構(gòu)建了無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)，所有這些進(jìn)步原本是為了促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果反而分散了學(xué)生的注意力?；蛟S，記錄學(xué)生的考勤時(shí)，應(yīng)該再加上一欄：到課但未聽課。

（4）“這種托辭我都聽膩了，”也許會(huì)長壽且成果豐碩的布赫雅教授說，“關(guān)于課上講授內(nèi)容乏味的看法真的是相對(duì)的。相比什么它顯得枯燥無味呢？到易貝網(wǎng)上買鞋？事實(shí)上，我們來這里不是為了玩樂，而是為了提高精神境界?！?/p>

21.單選題

Withherwarmvoiceandinformalmanner,PearBailyattainedsuccessin（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.everyentertainmentmediumvirtually

B.everyvirtuallyentertainmentmedium

C.virtuallyentertainmenteverymedium

D.virtuallyeveryentertainmentmedium

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。Every為限定詞，修飾entertainmentmedium，virtually為副詞，修飾形容詞every，句意：憑借她溫暖的嗓音和不拘禮節(jié)的舉止，PearBaily幾乎在所有的娛樂媒體中都取得了成功。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

22.翻譯題

Directions:translatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingTEXTintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

人與自然是生命共同體，人類必須尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然。人類只有遵循自然規(guī)律才能有效防止在開發(fā)利用自然上走彎路，人類對(duì)大自然的傷害最終會(huì)傷及人類自身這是無法抗拒的規(guī)律。

我們要建設(shè)的現(xiàn)代化是人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化，既要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更多物質(zhì)財(cái)富和精神財(cái)富以滿足人民日益增長的美好生活需要，也要提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品以滿足人民日益增長的優(yōu)美生態(tài)環(huán)境需要。必須堅(jiān)持節(jié)約優(yōu)先、保護(hù)優(yōu)先、自然恢復(fù)為主的方針，形成節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的空間格局、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式，還自然以寧靜、和諧、美麗。

【答案】Asacommunityoflife,humanmustrespect,conformtoandprotectnature.Onlybyfollowingthelawsofnaturecanhumanbeingseffectivelypreventdetoursinthedevelopmentandutilizationofnature.Itisanirresistiblelawthathumanbeings’harmtonaturewilleventuallyhurtthemselves.

Themodernizationweseekisoneinwhichhumanandnatureliveinharmony.Weneedtocreatemorematerialandspiritualwealthtomeetpeople’sever-growingneedsforabetterlife,andweneedalsotoprovidemorequalityecologicalgoodstomeetpeople’sever-growingdemandsforabeautifulenvironment.

23.單選題

Bothdog'sdietandstructureare_______tothoseofthehumanbeing,andsoithasbeenthesubjectofcountlessdemonstrationsandexperiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparable

B.comparative

C.equal

D.contrary

【答案】A

【解析】comparable比得上;comparative比較的,相當(dāng)?shù)摹＞湟猓汗返娘嬍澈徒Y(jié)構(gòu)都可以與人類相比,因此它已經(jīng)成為無數(shù)演示和實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)象。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

24.單選題

Formuchoftheworld,thedeathofRichardNixonwastheendofacomplexpubliclife.Butresearcherswhostudybereavementwonderedifitdidn’talsosignifytheendofaprivategrief.Hadtheformerpresidentmerelyrunhisfourscoreandone,orhadhefallenvictimtoapatternthatseemstoafflictlongtimemarriedcouples;onespousequicklyfollowingtheothertothegrave?

Pat,Nixon’swifeof53,diedlastJuneafteralongillness.Nooneknowsforsurewhetherherdeathcontributedtohis.Afterall,hewaselderlyandhadahistoryofseriousheartdisease.Researchershavelongobservedthatthedeathofthespouseparticularlyawifeissometimesfollowedbytheuntimelydeathofthegrievingsurvivor.HistorianWillDurantdied13daysafterhiswifeandcollaborator,Ariel;BuckminsterFullerandhiswifediedjust36hoursapart.Isthismorethancoincidence?

“Partofthestory,Isuspect,isthatwemenaresousedtoladiesfeelingusandtakingcareofus,”saysKnulHelsing,anepidemiologistattheJohnHopkinsSchoolofPublicHealth,“thatwhenweloseawifewegotopieces.Wedon’tknowhowtotakecareofourselves.”InoneoftheseveralstudiesHelsinghasconductedonbereavement,hefoundthatwidowerswhoremarriedenjoyedthesamelowermortalityratesasmenwho’dneverbeenwidowed.

Women’shealthandresiliencemayalsosufferafterthelossofaspouse.Ina1987studyofwidows,researchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,andUC,SanDiego,foundthattheyhadadramaticdeclineinlevelsofimportantimmune-systemcellsthatfightoffdisease.Earlierstudiesshowedreducedimmunityinwidowers.

Forbothmenandwomen,thestressoflosingaspousecanhaveaprofoundeffect.“Allsortsofpotentiallyharmfulmedicalproblemscanbeworsened,”saysGeraldDavision,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Peoplewithhighbloodpressure,forexample,mayseeitrise.InNixon’scase,Davisionspeculates,“thestroke,althoughnotcauseddirectlybythestress,wasprobablyhastenedbyit.”Depressioncanaffectthesurvivingspouse’swilltolive;suicideratesareelevatedinthebereaved,alongwithaccidentsnotinvolvingcars.

Involvementinlifehelpsprolongit.“Mortality,”saysDukeUniversitypsychiatristDanielBlazer,“ishigherinolderpeoplewithoutagoodsocial-supportsystem,whodon’tfeelthey’repartofagrouporafamily,thatthey‘fitin’somewhere.Andthat’smorecommonproblemformen,whotendnottohaveasmanyclosefriendshipaswomen.”“Thesuddenabsenceofroutinescanalsobeahealthhazard,”saysBlazer.“Apersonwholosesaspouseshowsdeteriorationinnormalhabitslikesleepingandeating,”hesays.“Theydon’thavetheotherpersontoorientthem,likewhendoyougotobed,whendoyouwakeup,whendoyoueat,whendoyoutakeyourmedication,whendoyougoouttotakeawalk?Yourpatternisnolongerlockedintosomeoneelse’spattern,soitdeteriorates.”Whileearlierstudiessuggestedthatthefirstsixmonthstoayear-orevenfirstweek—weretimesofhighermortalityforthebereaved,somenewerstudiesfindnospecialvulnerabilityinthisinitialperiod.Mostmenandwomen,ofcoursedonotasaresultofthelossofaspouse.Andtherearewaystoimprovetheodds.Astrongsenseofseparateidentityandlackofover-dependencyduringthemarriagearehelpful.Adultsonsanddaughters,siblingsandfriendsneedtopayspecialattentiontoanewlywidowedparent.Theycanmakesurethatheorsheissocializing,gettingpropernutritionandmedicalcare,expressingemotionandaboveall,feelingneededandappreciated.

6.ItisknownfromthepassagethatRichardNixondiedattheageof____.

7.Accordingtoresearcherswhostudybereavement,RichardNixon’sdeathmightbe____.

8.Inhisresearchonbereavement,Helsingfoundthat____.

9.Accordingtothepassageaspouse’sdeathcanleadthesurvivingoneto____.

10.Itissuggestedinthepassagethatwidowersorwidowssufferfromthedeathoftheirspousesbecausetheyare____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.73

B.81

C.77

D.65

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.causedbyhisheartdisease

B.indirectlylinkedtohiswife’sdeath

C.theinevitableresultofoldage

D.causedbyanunexplainableaccident

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.remarriedmenlivehealthierlives

B.unmarriedmenhavethelongestlifeexpectancies

C.remarriedwidowersdonothavehighermortalityratesthanthosewhohaveneverbeenwidowed

D.widowswereunaffectedbytheirspouses’death

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.losehisorherfriends

B.diminishsocialactivities

C.bevulnerabletoillness

D.rejecthisorherchildren’scare

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.unpreparedforindependenceduringthemarriage

B.incapableoftakingcareofthemselvesduringthemarriage

C.unwillingtosocializewithothersduringthemarriage

D.tooindulgentduringthemarriage

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】6.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItisknownfromthepassagethatRichardNixondiedattheageof____.從文中可知，RichardNixon去世時(shí)年齡為____。

A.73A.73歲

B.81B.81歲

C.77C.77歲

D.65D.65歲

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞RichardNixondied定位到原文第一段。本段第3句提到“這位前總統(tǒng)活了81歲（hisfourscoreandone）”，由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“81歲”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“73歲”、C選項(xiàng)“77歲”、D選項(xiàng)“65歲”均不符合原文表述。

7.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtoresearcherswhostudybereavement,RichardNixon’sdeathmightbe____.據(jù)研究喪親之痛的研究人員稱，RichardNixon的去世可能是____。

A.causedbyhisheartdiseaseA.是由心臟病引起的

B.indirectlylinkedtohiswife’sdeathB.與他妻子的死有間接聯(lián)系

C.theinevitableresultofoldageC.老年的必然結(jié)果

D.causedbyanunexplainableaccidentD.是由一場無法解釋的事故造成的

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】本題要求選的是研究人員的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞researcherswhostudybereavement可定位到原文第1段第2-3句，該句提到“研究喪親之痛的研究人員（researcherswhostudybereavement）”想知道Nixon的去世“僅僅是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)活到81歲了（merelyrunhisfourscoreandone）”，還是因?yàn)椤跋萑肓艘环N長期以來困擾著已婚夫婦的模式（fallenvictimtoapattern）：一個(gè)配偶很快就會(huì)跟著另一個(gè)進(jìn)入墳?zāi)梗╫nespousequicklyfollowingtheothertothegrave）”，而且原文第2段第1句提到“Nixon的妻子久病后在前一年六月去世（died）。”并且第2段第4句提到“研究人員長期以來觀察到（havelongobserved），配偶特別是妻子的去世，有時(shí)會(huì)伴隨悲傷的幸存者過早死亡（followedbytheuntimelydeathofthegrievingsurvivor）”。綜上所述，根據(jù)研究人員的研究內(nèi)容推測，他們認(rèn)為Nixon去世可能與他妻子的死有關(guān)，B選項(xiàng)“與他妻子的死有間接聯(lián)系”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“是由心臟病引起的”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，該句提到他“有嚴(yán)重的心臟病病史（hadahistoryofseriousheartdisease）”，但這不是研究人員認(rèn)為的原因；

C選項(xiàng)“老年的必然結(jié)果”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，該句提到“他已經(jīng)老了（hewaselderly）”，但這也不是研究人員認(rèn)為的原因；

D選項(xiàng)“是由一場無法解釋的事故造成的”,原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

8.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inhisresearchonbereavement,Helsingfoundthat____.在關(guān)于喪親之痛的研究中，Helsing發(fā)現(xiàn)____。

A.remarriedmenlivehealthierlivesA.再婚的男人過著更健康的生活

B.unmarriedmenhavethelongestlifeexpectanciesB.未婚男性的預(yù)期壽命最長

C.remarriedwidowersdonothavehighermortalityratesthanthosewhohaveneverbeenwidowedC.再婚鰥夫的死亡率并不高于從未喪偶的人

D.widowswereunaffectedbytheirspouses’deathD.寡婦不受配偶死亡的影響

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞hisresearchonbereavement和Helsing定位到原文第3段最后一句，該句提到“他發(fā)現(xiàn)再婚的鰥夫與從未喪偶的男性一樣有較低死亡率（thesamelowermortalityrates）?！庇纱丝芍?，C選項(xiàng)“再婚鰥夫的死亡率并不高于從未喪偶的人”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“再婚的男人過著更健康的生活”，原文并未提及，并且沒有明確比較對(duì)象，不符合題意，屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“未婚男性的預(yù)期壽命最長”，原文并未提及，不是Helsing的研究內(nèi)容，不符合題意，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“寡婦不受配偶死亡的影響”，不是Helsing的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，并且根據(jù)原文第4段第1句的內(nèi)容，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，該句提到“失去配偶后，婦女的健康和恢復(fù)能力也可能受到影響（sufferafterthelossofaspouse）?！?/p>

9.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassageaspouse’sdeathcanleadthesurvivingoneto____.根據(jù)這篇文章，配偶的死亡可以導(dǎo)致幸存的一方____。

A.losehisorherfriendsA.失去朋友

B.diminishsocialactivitiesB.減少社交活動(dòng)

C.bevulnerabletoillnessC.容易生病

D.rejecthisorherchildren’scareD.拒絕孩子的照顧

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞aspouse’sdeathcanleadthesurvivingoneto定位到原文第4段最后一句，該句提到“早期的研究表明，喪偶者免疫力下降（reducedimmunity）”；原文第5段第2句提到“各種可能有害的醫(yī)療問題都可能惡化（beworsened）。”由此可知，失去配偶的一方，免疫能力下降，現(xiàn)有的疾病容易惡化，C選項(xiàng)“容易生病”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“失去朋友”，可定位到原文第6段第3句，該句提到“男性沒有女性那么多親密的友誼（tendnottohaveasmanyclosefriendshipaswomen）”，由此可知，原文并不是說“失去配偶的人會(huì)失去朋友”，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“減少社交活動(dòng)”，可定位到原文第6段第1句，該句提到“參與生活（Involvementinlife）有助于延長生命?！钡?段最后一句提到“他們（子女們）可以確保他或她在社交（socializing）”。由此可知，原文表達(dá)的是讓失去配偶的一方參與生活，進(jìn)行社交，這樣有利于延長壽命，并沒有說“失去配偶的人會(huì)減少社交”，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“拒絕孩子的照顧”，原文第6段倒數(shù)第2句提到，專家建議“成年子女、兄弟姐妹和朋友們需要特別關(guān)注（payspecialattention）新近喪偶的父母?！痹牟]有說“失去配偶的人會(huì)拒絕孩子的照顧”，反而說孩子們要多關(guān)注他們，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

10.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itissuggestedinthepassagethatwidowersorwidowssufferfromthedeathoftheirspousesbecausetheyare____.文章中暗示，鰥夫或寡婦遭受配偶死亡的痛苦，因?yàn)樗麄僟___。

A.unpreparedforindependenceduringthemarriageA.婚姻期間沒有獨(dú)立的準(zhǔn)備

B.incapableoftakingcareofthemselvesduringthemarriageB.婚姻期間不能照顧自己

C.unwillingtosocializewithothersduringthemarriageC.婚姻期間不愿與他人交往

D.tooindulgentduringthemarriageD.在婚姻中過于沉溺

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干，本題詢問的是“鰥夫或寡婦因配偶死亡而痛苦”的原因。通讀全篇可知，本文主要論述“失去配偶的一方也容易跟著去世”，原文第6段倒數(shù)第3句提到“在婚姻中保持強(qiáng)烈的獨(dú)立意識(shí)（Astrongsenseofseparateidentity）和不過度依賴（lackofover-dependency）是有幫助的?！庇纱送茢?，他們痛苦的原因可能是過度依賴配偶，突然失去，難以接受，D選項(xiàng)“在婚姻中過于沉溺”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“婚姻期間沒有獨(dú)立的準(zhǔn)備”，原文說他們在婚姻期間不夠獨(dú)立，不是說“他們在婚姻期間沒有為獨(dú)立做準(zhǔn)備”，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“婚姻期間不能照顧自己”，可定位到原文第3段，第1句提到了約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院（theJohnHopkinsSchoolofPublicHealth）的流行病學(xué)家KnulHelsing的觀點(diǎn)，他認(rèn)為“部分原因（Partofthestory）是男人們太習(xí)慣了讓女人（sousedtoladies）感受、照顧我們，以至于失去妻子后，就會(huì)崩潰（gotopieces），不知道如何照顧自己（don’tknowhowtotakecareofourselves）?！庇纱丝芍?，不能照顧自己可能是鰥夫們痛苦的原因，不是寡婦們痛苦的原因，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“婚姻期間不愿與他人交往”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

25.單選題

Ithasbeenproposedbymanylinguiststhathumanlanguage（）,ourbiologicallyprogrammed