考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南三鑫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南三鑫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Everystreethadastory,everybuildingamemory.Thoseblessedwithwonderfulchildhoodscandrivethestreetsoftheirhometownsandhappilyrollbacktheyears.Therestarepulledhomebydutyandleaveassoonaspossible.AfterRayAtleehadbeeninClanton(hishometown)forfifteenminuteshewasanxioustogetout.

Thetownhadchanged,butthenithadn't.Onthehighwaysleadingin,thecheapmetalbuildingsandmobilehomesweregatheringastightlyaspossiblenexttotheroadsformaximumvisibility.Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.Onlyhogfarmsandnuclearreactorsrequiredapprovalsandpaperwork.Theresultwasaslash-and-buildclutterthatgotuglierbytheyear.

Butintheoldersections,nearerthesquare,thetownhadnotchangedatall.ThelongshadedstreetswereascleanandneataswhenRayroamedthemonhisbike.Mostofthehouseswerestillownedbypeopleheknew,orifthosefolkshadpassedonthenewownerskeptthelawnsclippedandtheshutterspainted.Onlyafewwerebeingneglected.Ahandfulhadbeenabandoned.

ThisdeepinBiblecountry,itwasstillanunwrittenruleinthetownthatlittlewasdoneonSundaysexceptgotochurch,sitonporches,visitneighbours,restandrelaxthewayGodintended.

Itwascloudy,quitecoolforMay,andashetouredhisoldturf,killingtimeuntiltheappointedhourforthefamilymeeting,hetriedtodwellonthegoodmemoriesfromClanton.TherewasDizzyDeanParkwherehehadplayedlittleLeagueforthePirates,andtherewasthepublicpoolhe'dswumineverysummerexcept1969whenthecitycloseditratherthanadmitblackchildren.Therewerethechurches-Baptist.MethodistandPresbyterian-facingeachotherattheintersectionofSecondandElmlikewarysentries,theirsteeplescompetingforheight.Theywereemptynow.butinanhourorsothemorefaithfulwouldgatherforeveningservices.

Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.Witheightthousandpeople,Clantonwasjustlargeenoughtohaveattractedthediscountstoresthathadwipedoutsomanysmalltowns.Butherethepeoplehadbeenfaithfultotheirdowntownmerchants,andtherewasn'tasingleemptyorboarded-upbuildingaroundthesquare—nosmallmiracle.Theretailshopsweremixedinwiththebanksandlawofficesandcafes,allclosedfortheSabbath.

HeinchedthroughthecemeteryandsurveyedtheAtleesectionintheoldpart,wherethetombstonesweregander.Someofhisancestorshadbuiltmonumentsfortheirdead.Rayhadalwaysassumedthatthefamilymoneyhe'dneverseenmusthavebeenburiedinthosegraves.Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.ShewasburiedamongtheAtlees,atthefaredgeofthefamilyplotbecauseshehadbarelybelonged.

Soon,inlessthananhour,hewouldbesittinginhisfather'sstudy,sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.

Movingagain,Raypassedthewatertowerhe'dclimbedtwice,thesecondtimewiththeDolicewairingbelow.Hegrimacedathisoldhighschool,aplacehe'dnevervisitedsincehe'dleftit.BehinditwasthefootballfieldwherehisbrotherForresthadrompedoveropponentsandalmostbecamefamousbeforegeeingbouncedofftheteam.

Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wegettheimpressionthat（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesdoesNOTdescribeRay'shometown?

3.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweenRayandhisparentswas

（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatRay'sfatherwasallEXCEPT（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Raycherishedhischildhoodmemories

B.Rayhadsomethingurgenttotakecareof

C.Raymaynothaveahappychildhood

D.Raycannotrememberhischildhooddays

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Lifeless

B.Religious

C.Traditional

D.Quiet

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.close

B.remote

C.tense

D.impossibletotell

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.considerate

B.punctual

C.thrifty

D.dominant.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“每一條街道都有一個(gè)故事，造就一段回憶。那些擁有美好的童年的人能夠隨著街道回到家鄉(xiāng)，回到那些快樂(lè)的時(shí)光。而剩下的人則是由于責(zé)任返回家鄉(xiāng)，然后盡可能快的離開(kāi)。RayAtlee在他的家鄉(xiāng)克林頓待了15分鐘后，迫不及待的想要離開(kāi)?！庇纱丝赏茢啵琑ayAtlee很明顯屬于第二類人，說(shuō)明他沒(méi)有快樂(lè)的童年，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第六段首句“Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容“在這個(gè)圣經(jīng)國(guó)度的深處，星期天除了去教堂、坐在門廊上、拜訪鄰居、按照神的旨意休息和放松外，幾乎什么也不做，這在鎮(zhèn)上還是不成文的規(guī)矩?！笨芍x項(xiàng)B符合原文；根據(jù)第二段三四句“Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)沒(méi)有任何的區(qū)域劃分。土地所有者可以在沒(méi)有許可證、沒(méi)有檢查、沒(méi)有通知毗鄰?fù)恋厮姓叩那闆r下建造任何東西，什么都不做。”由此可推斷，這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)是傳統(tǒng)的，選項(xiàng)C正確；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以本題選D。

3.判斷推斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Heparkedandwalkedtohismother'sgrave,somethinghehadn'tdoneinyears.他停好車之后走到母親的墳?zāi)骨?，這是他多年來(lái)從未做過(guò)的事?！币约暗箶?shù)第三段“...sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,...他一邊喝著劣質(zhì)的速溶茶，一邊接受有關(guān)如何安葬他父親的指示。又即將給予許多命令、規(guī)定和指示...”說(shuō)明父親對(duì)他的嚴(yán)厲。由此可推斷，Ray和他父母的關(guān)系是疏遠(yuǎn)的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.”根據(jù)家庭會(huì)議的時(shí)間可推測(cè)出Ray的父親很守時(shí)，選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段提及的父親書(shū)房里的劣質(zhì)速溶茶“badinstanttea”可推測(cè)他的父親很節(jié)儉；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather(whousedtobeajudge)wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.”可推斷出他的父親占主導(dǎo)地位，選項(xiàng)D正確；只有選項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以本題選A。

2.單選題

Themoretimescientistsspenddesigningcomputersthemoretheymarvelatthehumanbrain.Tasksthatbaffle（難住）themostadvancedsupercomputer—recognizingaface,readingahandwrittennote一arechild'splayforthe3-poundorgan.Mostimportant,unlikeanyconventionalcomputer,thebraincanlearnfromitsmistakes.Researchershavetriedforyearstoprogramcomputerstoimitatethebrain'sabilities,butwithoutsuccess.Nowagrowingnumberofdesignersbelievetheyhavetheanswer:ifacomputeristofunctionmorelikeapersonandlesslikeanover-growncalculatoritmustbebuiltmorelikeabrain,whichdistributesinformationacrossavastinterconnectedwebofnervecells,orneurons.

Conventionalcomputersfunctionbyfollowingachainlikesequenceofdetailedinstructions.Althoughveryfast,theirprocessorscanperformonlyonetaskatatime.Thisapproachworksbestinsolvingproblemsthatcanbebrokendownintosimplerlogicalpieces.Theprocessorsinaneural-networkcomputer,bycontrast,formanetworkmuchlikethenervecellsinthebrain.Sincetheseartificialneuronsareinterconnected,theycanshareinformationandperformtasksatthesametime.Thistwo-dimensionalapproachworksbestatrecognizingpatterns.

Insteadofprogramminganeural-networkcomputertomakedecisions,itsmakertrainsittorecognizepatternsinanysolutiontoaproblembyrepeatedlyfeedingexamplestothemachine.

Neuralnetworkscomeinallshapesandsizes.Untilnowmostexistedassoftwaresimulations（模擬品）becauseredesigningcomputerchipstookalotoftimeandmoney.Byexperimentingwithdifferentapproachesthroughsoftwareratherthanhardware,scientistshavebeenabletoavoidcostlymistakes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatthemostadvancedsupercomputer（）.

2.WhatisNOTtrueofaconventionalcomputer?

3.Themainfeatureofaneural-networkcomputeristhat（）.

4.Theexpression"thistwo-dimensionalapproach"inthesecondparagraphrefersto（）.

5.Scientistsusesoftwareratherthanhardwareintheirexperimentsbecause（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.canrecognizeafaceandreadahandwrittennote

B.canlearnfromitsmistakes

C.weighsonly3pounds

D.cannotdistributeinformationacrossaninterconnectedwebofnervecells

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itmustbeprogrammedbeforeitworks.

B.Itcanonlysolveoneproblematatime.

C.Itisgoodatsolvingoneproblematatime.

D.Itistrainedtorecognizepatternsinsteadofmakingdecisions.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itsprocessorsactasaninterconnectedwebofneurons

B.itisprogrammedtomakedecisions

C.itsnetworksareofallshapesandsizes

D.itsneuronsareartificial

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theconventionalcomputerandtheneuralcomputer

B.makingdecisionsandrecognizingpatterns

C.sharinginformationandperformingtasks

D.thecomputerandthehumanbrain

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.itcanavoidredesigningcomputerchips

B.itcansavealotoftimeandmoney

C.itcanavoidmakingmistakes

D.itismorelikethehumanbrain

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句"ifacomputeristofunctionmorelikeapersonandlesslikeanover-growncalculatoritmustbebuiltmorelikeabrain,whichdistributesinformationacrossavastinterconnectedwebofnervecells,orneurons."可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)D指的是neural-networkcomputer而不是傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段第四句"Theprocessorsinaneural-networkcomputer,bycontrast,formanetworkmuchlikethenervecellsinthebrain."相比之下,神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算機(jī)中的處理器形成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)很像大腦中的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知,"thistwo-dimensionalapproach"指的是上文提到的shareinformationandperformtasks。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Byexperimentingwithdifferentapproachesthroughsoftwareratherthanhardware,scientistshavebeenabletoavoidcostlymistakes."通過(guò)用軟件而不是硬件來(lái)試驗(yàn)不同的方法,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)能夠避免代價(jià)高昂的錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.單選題

ThePortuguesegiveagreatdealofcredittoonemanforhavingpromotedseatravel,thatman（）

PrinceHenrythenavigator,wholivedinthe15th

century.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.named

C.being

D.called

【答案】B

【解析】考查分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與主句主語(yǔ)一致,

若不一致時(shí),

則要加上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：葡萄牙人非常贊賞一個(gè)人,

因?yàn)樗龠M(jìn)了海上旅行,

這個(gè)人就是生活在15世紀(jì)的航海家亨利王子。

4.單選題

Freudderivedpsychoanalyticknowledgeofchildhoodindirectly;he（）childhoodprocessesfromadultmemory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reconstructed

B.incorporated

C.obstructed

D.fostered

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。reconstruct“重現(xiàn)，改造”；incorporate“包含，吸收”；obstruct“阻塞，妨礙”；foster“培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育”。句意：弗洛伊德間接性地推斷出了兒童精神分析知識(shí)，從成年人的記憶中修復(fù)了兒時(shí)的記憶。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Theseveranceofchurchandstateisabasicprincipleofourgovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.integration

B.discrimination

C.separation

D.exposition

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。severance“分離；斷絕；隔離”；A選項(xiàng)integration“集成；整合”；B選項(xiàng)discrimination“歧視；區(qū)別，辨別”；C選項(xiàng)separations“分開(kāi)；間隔”；D選項(xiàng)exposition“博覽會(huì)；闡述；展覽會(huì)”。句意：政教分離是我國(guó)政府的一項(xiàng)基本原則。severance在這里是“分離”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theincreaseinstudentnumbers（）manyproblemsfortheuniversities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forces

B.presses

C.provides

D.poses

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。force強(qiáng)迫，迫使；press逼迫；provide提供；pose造成，形成。句意：學(xué)生人數(shù)的增加給大學(xué)造成了許多問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

7.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itsbenefits.

B.ltseffects.

C.ltsdisadvantages.

D.ltsusefulness.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.lthelpstosimplifythetask.

B.ltmakestheclinicalinformationsystemsmorecomplex.

C.Itismoredifficultwithoutclinicalinformationsystem.

D.ltissimplertocarrythetaskout.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareforcedtobebrief.

B.Theysavedoctor'stime.

C.Theytendtobelongbutmeaningless.

D.Theyarewelcomedbydoctors.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

【解析】第1題:對(duì)于臨床信息系統(tǒng)，對(duì)話中的描述是“Complexclinicalinformationsystemsmakesimpletasksdifficulttocarryout（復(fù)雜的臨床信息系統(tǒng)使得簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)難以執(zhí)行）”，這是在說(shuō)它的缺點(diǎn)，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:這個(gè)女性提到醫(yī)生對(duì)于這個(gè)軟件的抱怨“Complexclinicalinformationsystemsmakesimpletasksdifficulttocarryout（復(fù)雜的臨床信息系統(tǒng)使得簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)難以執(zhí)行）”，說(shuō)明這個(gè)軟件其實(shí)使得臨床信息系統(tǒng)更加復(fù)雜了，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:最后一句說(shuō)到“Thesenotesareoftenexcessivelylongandlackingmeaning（計(jì)算機(jī)生成的臨床記錄一般都很長(zhǎng)而且毫無(wú)意義）”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合文意。

8.單選題

We（）thatweareunabletoattendthereceptionon18September.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regret

B.sympathize

C.beg

D.apologize

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。A選項(xiàng)regret“感到遺憾，惋惜，后悔”，B選項(xiàng)sympathize“同情，贊同，支持”，C選項(xiàng)beg“懇求，祈求，哀求”，D選項(xiàng)apologize“道歉，謝罪，認(rèn)錯(cuò)”。句意：很抱歉我們不能參加9月18日的招待會(huì)。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Onenight,whentelevisionbeganbroadcastingaboringTVshow,Isaidtomywife,“Theprogrammeisevenlessinterestingthantheadvertisement,orcommercials.Letushaveachange.

Mywife,whohappenedtohavearemotecontrolinherhand,consentedimmediately,switchedtoanotherchannelandenjoyedanadvertisementofriceflourwithme.Justatthemoment,Ifoundthatwewerenolongerasdisgustedwiththecommercialsaswehadbeenbefore.

ThenextdaywhenItoldmyexperiencetomycolleagues,they,tomysurprise,allhadthesamefeeling.Afewevensangseveralofthecommercialssongs.

Afewyearsago,whenadvertisementsbegantoappearintheChinesemedia,mostpeople,includingmyself,wereagainstthepractice.Somesighed,“ThesocialistTV,newspaperhasstartedimitatingthewesternbourgeoismediatool!”Whathaschangedtheaudience’smentalityinonlyseveralyears'time?

First,Chineseadvertisementhaveimprovedtheiradvertisingandtheiradvertisingtechniques,atthebeginning,thelanguageofadvertisementwassimple,themusicinsipidandtheimagescoarseandcrude.Later,somebetterforeignadvertisementscametoChineseTVandnewspapers.

“Wherethereisamountain,thereisaroad;wherethereisaroad,thereisaToyota”.ThewordsoftheJapaneseadvertisementpublicizingtheToyotacarareveryabsurdbutimpressiveandeasytomemorize.“Nestlecoffeeistastyindeed.”TheAmericanadvertisementpromotingthesaleoftheNestlebrandcoffeehasbecomeanewhouseholdphraseinChina.Gradually,Chineseadvertisementsalsohavelearnedhowtodressthemselvesup.Theyhavestrangeandhumorousassociations,charming,deepmalevoices,colorfulimagesandsongsthatarepleasingtotheearandeasytolearn.Forthesereasons,thecommercialsforSantanacars,FudacolourfilmandOrientbeverageshavesuccessfullyattractedaTVaudience.

Second,lifeneedsadvertisements.Everythinginmodemsocietyislinkedtoinformation,whilethemainfunctionofadvertisementsistodisseminateinformationoncommodities,services,culture,employment,studentenrollmentandevenmarriage.

Ofcourse,onecanobtainsuchinformationbylisteningtohearsayandmakingon-the-spotinvestigation,buttheinformationprovidedbyadvertisementsisdoubtlessthemostdirect,comprehensiveanddetailed.

Associetyadvances,people'sdemandshavebecomemoreandmorediversified,andthecommoditiesandservicesprovidedbysocietyhavealsobecomemoreandmorediversified.

Ontheotherhand,aslivingtempoquickens,peoplehavelessleisuretime.Iftheywanttospendtimefindingsuitablecommodities,serviceandemploymentopportunities,theyhavetorelyonadvertisements.So,unconsciously,peoplehavechangedtheirhatredforadvertisementstoanacceptanceandutilizationofthem.

But,duetocertainconditionsinChina,theChinesedonothaveagreatneedforadvertisementforthetimebeing.

1.WhydidChineseadvertisementplayanunpopularroleatthebeginning?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Comparedwithbefore,whatdidIfoundsuddenly?

4.Whatdoestheword"absurd"meaninthepassage?

5.TheadvantagesofadsareasfollowsEXCEPT（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseadswerenotwellmadeandtheyarenotattractive.

B.Becausewatchingadsisconsideredtobewastingourtime.

C.Becausepeoplearenotfamiliarwithadsandtheycan’tacceptit.

D.BecauseChinaisasocialistcountry.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mostpeoplelikeadvertisementsatthebeginning.

B.WesternbourgeoismediaarebetterthanChinesemedia.

C.ChinesemedialikestoimitatetheWest.

D.Fewpeoplewereinfavorofadvertisementswhenitappearedseveralyearsago.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.CommercialsarebetterthanTVshows.

B.WealllikecommercialsbetterthanTVshows.

C.TVshowsarenolongerattractive.

D.Wenolongerhatetoseecommercialsasbefore.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.interesting

B.funny

C.ridiculous

D.unpractical

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.adscandisseminateinformationtoaudience

B.adscanprovidesthemostdirect,comprehensiveanddetailedinformation

C.adsaren’tmadebylisteningtohearsay

D.adscanbringushappiness

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“為什么中國(guó)廣告一開(kāi)始不受歡迎？”文章第五段第一句話提到在開(kāi)始的時(shí)候廣告語(yǔ)檢點(diǎn)，音樂(lè)平淡，畫(huà)面粗糙（thelanguageofadvertisementwassimple,themusicinsipidandtheimagescoarseandcrude），因此選項(xiàng)A“因?yàn)閺V告制作不好，沒(méi)有吸引力”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)文章可知下列哪項(xiàng)是真的？”文章第四段第一句話提到“幾年前，當(dāng)廣告開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)在中國(guó)媒體上時(shí)，大多數(shù)人，包括我自己都反對(duì)這種做法”（Afewyearsago,whenadvertisementsbegantoappearintheChinesemedia,mostpeople,includingmyself,wereagainstthepractice），因此選項(xiàng)D“幾年前廣告出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候很少人喜歡”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“與以前比，我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們不再像以前那樣討厭廣告了”（Ifoundthatwewerenolongerasdisgustedwiththecommercialsaswehadbeenbefore），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.詞義題。題目問(wèn)的是“文章中absurd是什么意思？”文章第六段提到日本豐田汽車的廣告語(yǔ)“Wherethereisamountain,thereisaroad;wherethereisaroad,thereisaToyota”（有山的地方就有路，有路的地方就有豐田），可以推測(cè)這種說(shuō)法是“荒誕的”，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)的是“除了下列哪項(xiàng)，其他都是廣告的優(yōu)勢(shì)？”文章倒數(shù)第五段提到廣告的功能是傳播商品、服務(wù)、文化、就業(yè)、招生甚至婚姻方面的信息（themainfunctionofadvertisementsistodisseminateinformationoncommodities,services,culture,employment,studentenrollmentandevenmarriage），因此可知選項(xiàng)A是廣告的一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，排除；文章倒數(shù)第四段提到人們可以通過(guò)其他途徑來(lái)獲取信息，但是廣告提供的信息無(wú)疑是最直接、最全面、最詳細(xì)的（buttheinformationprovidedbyadvertisementsisdoubtlessthemostdirect,comprehensiveanddetailed），由此可知選項(xiàng)B與C是廣告的兩個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)。綜上，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.翻譯題

Theatomicnumber(原子序數(shù))isequaltothenumberofelectronsperatomor,whatisequivalent,thenumberofprotons(質(zhì)子)pernucleus.

【答案】原子序數(shù)等于每個(gè)原子的電子數(shù)或者相當(dāng)于每個(gè)原子核的質(zhì)子數(shù)。

11.寫作題

Youarerequiredtowriteabout200wordsonthefollowingtopic“TheSignificanceoftheSpringFestivalGala”.

【答案】

TheSignificanceoftheSpringFestivalGala12.寫作題

Livinginanincreasinglycomplexsociety,wefacevariouskindsofcrises.Somepeopleviewcrisesasopportunitiesandencouragethemselvestoconfrontthem,othershavenegativeattitudestowardsthem.Nowyouaresupposedtowriteanessayinnofewerthan300wordstoyouropinionontheissue.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

【答案】【參考范文】

Itiswell-knownthatweexistinadynamicworldwithvariouscrises.Whenwearefacedwiththem,somepeoplewillseethemaspreciouschancesandconfrontthempositively,whileotherswillchoosetoescapeandfacethemnegatively.Personally,Ithinkcrisescanmakeushardyenoughtosurvivewhateveradversitiesinourlaterlife,anditisimportanttoconfrontthemwithhopeandconfidence.Eventhoseseriouscrises,ifhandledproperly,canbeturnedtoablessingtous,too.

Firstly,asfarasanationisconcerned,crisescanberenderedbeneficial.TakeWenchuanearthquakewhichshookmostofSichuanforexample.ThecrisishascostChinesealot.Housescollapsed,bridgesbrokedownandmanyaffectedareaswerecutofffromtheoutsideworld.Nearlyamillionpeoplelosttheirhomes,tenthousandsofpeoplewereinjuredandanothertenthousandsofpeoplewerekilled.Butoursufferingswon’tgoinvainifweconfrontitpositively.Scientistsaremoredeterminedtoimprovethemeansbywhichweforecastearthquakeswithmoreaccuracy.Weshouldbuildhouseswhichcansurvivethedestructiveearthquakes.Andwealsoshouldbetterthemechanismtofacetheemergenciesandcrisis.

Secondly,crisessometimescontributetoourlifetreasureinawaythatfewcanimagineifwehavehopeandconfidence.Theycanweatherusandmakeusstrongenoughtofaceourselveswhenwefeelweak.Eric,myuncleisacaseinpoint.Hehadhardtimeinhischildhoodgoingthroughsuchafataldisease.Buthedidn’tgiveupthehopeofliving.Eventually,hewassavedbydoctors.Eversincethenhehasbeensogratefultotheworldthathehasbeendoingwhateverhecantogivebackinthesamemeasuretootherfellows.Andnowheislivingahappyandsuccessfullife.

Asawell-knownancientChinesenotiongoes,thepastlessonsifnotforgottencanbegoodteachersforusall.Insteadofavoidingcrises,weshouldtakethelessonsfromcrisesandregardthemasachancefornewgrowth.

13.單選題

Somedonors,batteredbysomanyappealsforhelp,mayfindthemselvesbattlingcompassion

（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indolence

B.fatigue

C.vacuum

D.leave

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indolence“懶散，懶惰，無(wú)痛”；B選項(xiàng)fatigue“疲勞，疲乏，雜役”；C選項(xiàng)vacuum“真空，空缺，空白，真空吸塵器”；D選項(xiàng)leave“離開(kāi)，許可，同意，休假”。compassionfatigue“同情疲勞”。句意：一些捐助人，在如此多的求助面前不堪一擊，可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在與同情疲勞作斗爭(zhēng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

VI.LitigationProcedure

Methodsofservingprocessincivilcaseshavebothevolvedanderoded.InmedievalEngland,arrestofthedefendantwascommonattheoutsetofcivilactionsatlaw.Althougharrestcertainlyprovidednotice,itsprimarypurposewastoaccomplishthecourt’sassertionofphysicalpoweroverthedefendant.Eventually,arrestatthecommencementofacivilactionwasdeferred.Arrestwasthenreplacedwithsubjectiontothecourt’spowerbypersonaldeliveryofprocess,whichservedasthefoundationforonemodernservicemethodwhereaUnitedStatesMarshalpersonallyhandsthesummonstoadefendant.

Theideathatonlyagovernmentalofficer,suchasaUnitedStatesMarshalordeputy,couldbetheserverwaseventuallyabandonedinfavorofallowingtheservertobeanypersonthatisatleasteighteenyearsoldandnotapartytothelawsuit.Eventherequirementthatadefendantpersonallyreceivethesummonswasdilutedbytheadditionofanalternativemethodallowingasummonsandcomplainttobeleftatthedefendant’s“dwellingorusualplaceofabodewithsomeoneofsuitableageanddiscretionwhoresidesthere.”

Fromtherecipient’sperspective,thesummoningcourt’sassertionofpowerhasgraduallywornaway.Asoneexpertinthefieldaptlydescribed:“TheawesomeimpactofthesheriffarrivinginarmorandonhorsebacktodeliverawritinmedievalEnglandandtheauthorityofthesovereignsealedinthehot,redwaxofearliertimeshasbeenreplacedbyablandmanilaenvelopecarryingapostagestampthatmaycelebratenotionsofloveorpoetry.”

Althoughmostmodernservicemethodsarewelcomeimprovementstothoseofearlieryears(i.e.,notneedingtoarrestalldefendantsineverycivilaction),thisArticlearguestheservicemethodauthorizedbyRule7004(b)(1)oftheFederalRulesofBankruptcyProcedureviolatesadefendant’sdueprocessrightsundertheFifthAmendment.Rule7004(b)(1)allowsasummonsandcomplainttobeservedby“firstclassmailpostageprepaid...totheindividual’sdwellinghouseorusualplaceofabodeortotheplacewheretheindividualregularlyconductsabusinessorprofession.”Thereisnoacknowledgementofreceipt,nocertifiedmailing,andnowaiverdocumentthatmustbesignedandreturned.Otherthanthedefendant’sresponse,ifany,thereisnowaytoknowwhetherthedefendantreceivedthesummonsandcomplaint.

71.ThedefendantinacivilcaseintheUnitedStateshadbeennotifiedaboutthecaseinthefollowingwayBUT___.

72.Thelastsentenceinthe3rdparagraphmeansthat___.

73.AccordingtoRule7004(b)(1),adefendantinabankruptcycaseisservedby___.

74.TheproblemoftheRule7004(b)(1)forservingasummonsisthefollowing,except___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.personaldeliveryofthesummonsbyUSMarshal

B.personaldeliveryofthesummonsbyanyoneabove18notapartytothelawsuit

C.summonsandcomplaintbeleftatthedefendant’sdwelling

D.arrested

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.summoningprocessisthecourt’sassertionofpower

B.deliveryofasummonsisnolongerasseriousasbefore

C.thereshouldbeaspecialformofsummoning

D.asummonsmaybesentwithablandmanilaenvelopetogetherwithaloveletter

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.registeredmail

B.personaldelivery

C.firstclassmail

D.firstclassmailpostagetobepaid

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thedefendantisnotnotified

B.Thereisnoacknowledgementofreceipt

C.Nowaiverdocumentthatmustbesignedandreturned

D.Nowaytoknowwhetherthedefendantreceivedthesummonsandcomplaint

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】71.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段InmedievalEngland,arrestofthedefendantwascommonattheoutsetofcivilactionsatlaw.Althougharrestcertainlyprovidednotice,itsprimarypurposewastoaccomplishthecourt’sassertionofphysicalpoweroverthedefendant.（在中世紀(jì)的英國(guó)，逮捕被告在民事訴訟開(kāi)始時(shí)是很常見(jiàn)的。雖然逮捕確實(shí)提供了通知，但其主要目的是實(shí)現(xiàn)法院對(duì)被告人的實(shí)際權(quán)力的主張）可知逮捕是在中世紀(jì)的英國(guó)而不是美國(guó)，D選項(xiàng)“逮捕”符合題意；第二段Theideathatonlyagovernmentalofficer,suchasaUnitedStatesMarshalordeputy,couldbetheserverwaseventuallyabandonedinfavorofallowingtheservertobeanypersonthatisatleasteighteenyearsoldandnotapartytothelawsuit.（認(rèn)為只有政府官員，比如美國(guó)法警或副警長(zhǎng)才能成為傳送者的想法最終被放棄，轉(zhuǎn)而允許傳送者是任何年滿18歲的人，且不是訴訟的一方）可知A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)法警親自交付傳票”和B選項(xiàng)“18歲以上的非訴訟方的個(gè)人送達(dá)傳票”符合美國(guó)民事案件中傳送法院傳票的方法，排除；第二段Eventherequirementthatadefendantpersonallyreceivethesummonswasdilutedbytheadditionofanalternativemethodallowingasummonsandcomplainttobeleftatthedefendant’s“dwellingorusualplaceofabodewithsomeoneofsuitableageanddiscretionwhoresidesthere.”（甚至要求被告親自收到傳票的要求也因增加了另一種方法而被淡化了，這種方法允許將傳票和申訴留在被告的“由具有適當(dāng)年齡和自由裁量權(quán)的人居住在那里的住所或通常居住的地方”）可知C選項(xiàng)“傳票和申訴留在被告住所”符合美國(guó)民事案件中傳送法院傳票的方法，排除。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

72.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段最后一句“TheawesomeimpactofthesheriffarrivinginarmorandonhorsebacktodeliverawritinmedievalEnglandandtheauthorityofthesovereignsealedinthehot,redwaxofearliertimeshasbeenreplacedbyablandmanilaenvelopecarryingapostagestampthatmaycelebratenotionsofloveorpoetry.”（“在中世紀(jì)的英格蘭，警長(zhǎng)身穿盔甲騎馬前來(lái)遞交令狀，君主的權(quán)威在炎熱的天氣里被封印，這種可怕的影響，早期的紅蠟已經(jīng)被一個(gè)平淡的馬尼拉信封所取代，信封上貼著郵票，可以慶祝愛(ài)情或詩(shī)歌的概念?！保┙Y(jié)合第三段第一句Fromtherecipient’sperspective,thesummoningcourt’sassertionofpowerhasgraduallywornaway.（從接受者的角度看，傳喚法院的權(quán)力主張已逐漸消磨殆盡）可知現(xiàn)在的法院傳票已經(jīng)不像以前一樣有儀式感和嚴(yán)肅感，選B選項(xiàng)“傳票的送達(dá)不再像以前那樣嚴(yán)肅”，D選項(xiàng)“傳票可以和一封情書(shū)連同一個(gè)乏味的牛皮紙信封一起寄出”明顯不符合原文，排除；A選項(xiàng)“傳喚程序是法院對(duì)權(quán)力的主張”和C選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該有一種特殊的召喚形式”第三段未涉及，第三段只是在描述法院傳票不再像以前那樣嚴(yán)肅，沒(méi)有提出其他建議。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

73.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“Rule7004(b)(1)”定位到原文第三段Rule7004(b)(1)allowsasummonsandcomplainttobeservedby“firstclassmailpostageprepaid...”（規(guī)則7004（b）（1）允許傳票和申訴通過(guò)“預(yù)付一等郵資的郵件……”）可知選D選項(xiàng)“第一類郵件的郵資預(yù)付”；A選項(xiàng)“掛號(hào)郵件”，B選項(xiàng)“個(gè)人支付”和C選項(xiàng)“第一類郵件”不符合原文。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

74.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“Rule7004(b)(1)”定位到原文第三段Thereisnoacknowledgementofreceipt,nocertifiedmailing,andnowaiverdocumentthatmustbesignedandreturned.Otherthanthedefendant’sresponse,ifany,thereisnowaytoknowwhetherthedefendantreceivedthesummonsandcomplaint.（沒(méi)有回執(zhí)，沒(méi)有掛號(hào)信，無(wú)需簽署并返還的棄權(quán)文件。除了被告的答復(fù)（如果有的話），沒(méi)有辦法知道被告是否收到傳票和申訴）可知A選項(xiàng)“被告未被通知”并不是關(guān)于送達(dá)傳票的第7004(b)(1)條規(guī)則的問(wèn)題；B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有回執(zhí)”，C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有必須簽署和返還的放棄文件”以及D選項(xiàng)“無(wú)法得知被告是否收到傳票和投訴”和原文相符。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairly