考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解_第1頁
考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解_第2頁
考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解_第3頁
考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解_第4頁
考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩385頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

These______attacksdisturbedusandweconsultedaphysician.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recurrent

B.sinister

C.affected

D.morbid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)recurrent“復(fù)發(fā)的,周期性的”,B項(xiàng)sinister“陰險(xiǎn)的,兇兆的”,C項(xiàng)affected“受到影響的,做作的”,D項(xiàng)morbid“病態(tài)的,由病引起的,恐怖的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息weconsultedaphysician“我們咨詢了醫(yī)生”可知attack表示“疾病發(fā)作”;所以空格處填入recurrent符合句意。句意:這些反復(fù)發(fā)作的癥狀困擾著我們,我們?nèi)タ戳酸t(yī)生。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Inspiteofthe______economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)gloomy“黑暗的;沮喪的;陰郁的”;B選項(xiàng)miserable“悲慘的;痛苦的;卑鄙的”;C選項(xiàng)shadowy“幽暗的,朦朧的;鮮為人知的,神秘莫測(cè)的”;D選項(xiàng)“昏暗的,朦朧的;晦澀的,不清楚的;隱蔽的;不著名的,無名的”。gloomy的程度較miserable輕,大概是那種看上去挺消沉的感覺;miserable則是很明顯能看出傷心難受的感覺;shadowy表示黑漆漆的看不清(比如晚上在外面走著看到遠(yuǎn)處一個(gè)模糊不清的影子這類),是感官上的形容詞;obscure則是用來表達(dá)某些概念事物鮮為人知,或者難以理解這種抽象的形容詞。句意:盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展前景不容樂觀,但制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)量卻稍有增加。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Oneofthemostdangerousdrugsforpregnantwomentoconsumeisalcohol.Becausealcoholis(1)quicklyintothebloodandpassesquicklyintothe(2)andmembranes,thehumanfetusisparticularly(3)toitseffect.Infact,thenegativeeffectsonafetusareso(4)thatbabiesbornafter(5)toalcoholaresaidtobesufferingfromfetalalcohol(6).

(7)apregnantwomandrinksalcohol,thealcohol,ispassedintothebloodstreamalmost(8).Moreover,becausethebloodstreamofthefetusis(9)thatofthemother,thealcoholpassesdirectlyintothefetusaswell.(10),what’smore,the(11)ofalcoholinthefetusisexactlythesameasinthemother.

Forthemother,thisconcentrationisnotaproblembecauseherlivercan(12)oneounceofalcoholfromhersystemperhour.However,thefetus’liverisnotcompletely(13).Therateatwhichitisableto(14)thealcoholfromthebloodofthefetusismuchslower.(15),thealcoholwillbereturnedtothemother’ssystembypassingacrosstheplacenta,butthisprocessisslow.Bythetimethis(16),majorneurologicaldamagemayhavealready(17).Researchhasshownthataslittleasonedrinkofalcoholcanproducesignificant,(18)damagetothefetus.

Babiesbornafterexposuretoalcoholgenerally(19)facialdistortion,inabilitytoconcentrate,anddifficultyinremembering.Simplyspeaking,itis(20)thatpregnantwomenavoidalcohol.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conferred

B.delivered

C.endowed

D.injected

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tissue

B.muscle

C.fabric

D.liver

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.accessible

B.resistant

C.vulnerable

D.immune

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.pronounced

B.accurate

C.severe

D.harsh

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.adaptation

B.infection

C.exposure

D.contraction

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.affection

B.impact

C.consequence

D.syndrome

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.After

B.As

C.When

D.Because

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.simultaneously

B.immediately

C.directly

D.frequently

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.tiedto

B.similarto

C.fixedupon

D.linkedto

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.Besides

B.And

C.Rather

D.Likewise

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.condensation

B.function

C.concentration

D.poison

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.distinguish

B.remove

C.abandon

D.discriminate

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.developed

B.cultivated

C.nurtured

D.grown

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.eliminate

B.prevent

C.distance

D.relieve

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.Eventually

B.Practically

C.Virtually

D.Gradually

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.takeseffect

B.takesplace

C.hasimpact

D.prevailsover

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.experienced

B.arisen

C.emerged

D.occurred

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.irreversible

B.perceivable

C.incomprehensible

D.unimaginable

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.reveal

B.exhibit

C.involve

D.perform

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.desirous

B.hopeful

C.imperative

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:C

【解析】第1題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)confer“授予;給予”,B項(xiàng)deliver“傳遞;投遞”,C項(xiàng)endow“賦予;天生具有”,D項(xiàng)inject“注入;注射”,根據(jù)題干可得,“酒精被傳輸?shù)窖豪铩贝鸢笧锽,其他選項(xiàng)均沒有這個(gè)搭配。

第2題:本題考查了名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)tissue“組織;紙巾”,B項(xiàng)muscle“肌肉”,C項(xiàng)fabric“織物;建構(gòu)”,D項(xiàng)liver“肝臟”,空格后的單詞“membranes”是膜的意思,那么我們可以看出,通過了細(xì)胞膜,那么就會(huì)到組織里,而其他的選項(xiàng)都是題干中沒有明顯暗示的,只有A選項(xiàng)還能從題干中推斷出來。

第3題:本題考查了形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)accessible“易接近的;可進(jìn)入的;可理解的”,B項(xiàng)resistant“抵抗的,反抗的;頑固的”,C項(xiàng)vulnerable“易受攻擊的,易受……的攻擊;易受傷害的”,D項(xiàng)immune“免疫的;免于……的”,根據(jù)前文的描述,我們可以知道,胎兒對(duì)于酒精應(yīng)該是抵抗力更加弱的,因此答案為C,翻譯為:所以胎兒面對(duì)酒精尤其脆弱。

第4題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)pronounced“顯著的;斷然的;講出來的”,B項(xiàng)accurate“正確的;準(zhǔn)確的”,C項(xiàng)severe“嚴(yán)重的”,D項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)厲的;嚴(yán)酷的”,這一題的解題關(guān)鍵就是對(duì)詞義的掌握,從前后文的描述我們都能看出酒精對(duì)于胎兒的影響是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于母體的,因此它的影響應(yīng)該是“顯著的”。答案為A。

第5題:本題考查了名詞詞組。A項(xiàng)adaptation“適應(yīng);改編”,B項(xiàng)infection“感染;傳染;影響”,C項(xiàng)exposure“暴露;曝光”,D項(xiàng)contraction“收縮,緊縮”,這一題的解題關(guān)鍵是聯(lián)系全文,可能一開始考生并不能確定答案,但是我們看到最后一段的第一句“Babiesbornafterexposuretoalcoholgenerally…”,這一句就是呼應(yīng)本空,暗示了我們答案為C,句意為:接觸酒精對(duì)胎兒的負(fù)面影響如此明顯……。

第6題:本題考查了名詞詞組。A項(xiàng)affection“喜愛,感情”,B項(xiàng)impact“影響;效果”,C項(xiàng)consequence“結(jié)果;后果”,D項(xiàng)syndrome“綜合癥”,本題也要結(jié)合上下文,上文說到胎兒接觸的負(fù)面影響非常明顯,那么我們可以得到,這里要選的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)消極的詞匯,排除A,那么胎兒究竟會(huì)得什么,根據(jù)選項(xiàng)我們不難得出是酒精綜合癥,而不是單純的一個(gè)結(jié)果,因此答案為D。

第7題:本題考查了連詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)After“在……之后”,B項(xiàng)As“當(dāng)……”,C項(xiàng)When“當(dāng)……”,D項(xiàng)Because“因?yàn)椤?,根?jù)句意我們可以排除A、D,因?yàn)榉g應(yīng)該是:當(dāng)孕婦飲酒時(shí),酒精幾乎同時(shí)進(jìn)入她的血液。所以不是A,那么我們需要區(qū)分B、C兩個(gè)“當(dāng)……”,when和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、短暫性動(dòng)詞連用,as只和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用;且as一般表示主從句兩個(gè)句子同時(shí)發(fā)生,而when有時(shí)類似于before和after,因此這一題選B更好。

第8題:本題考查了副詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)simultaneously“同時(shí)地”,B項(xiàng)immediately“立即”,C項(xiàng)directly“直接地”,D項(xiàng)frequently“頻繁地,經(jīng)常地”,根據(jù)上下文,這一空呼應(yīng)22題的當(dāng)……,應(yīng)該是“當(dāng)孕婦飲酒時(shí),酒精幾乎同時(shí)進(jìn)入她的血液”,因此答案為A。

第9題:本題考查了副詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)tiedto“依賴;依靠”,B項(xiàng)similarto“相似”,C項(xiàng)fixedupon“固定在”,D項(xiàng)linkedto“鏈接到;把……和……連接”,前后文說的是:此外,由于胎兒的血液與母親的血液______。根據(jù)前文的邏輯,嬰兒的血液應(yīng)該是和媽媽的連在一起的,應(yīng)該是嬰兒依靠母親的血液,因此答案為A。

第10題:本題考查了連詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)Besides“除……之外”,B項(xiàng)And“和;并且;還有”,C項(xiàng)Rather“而不是”,D項(xiàng)Likewise“同樣地;也”,“and,what’smore”就是還有的意思,其他代入語義都不通。

第11題:本題考查名詞詞義和句意。A項(xiàng)condensation“冷凝;凝結(jié);壓縮”,B項(xiàng)function“功能;函數(shù);職責(zé)”,C項(xiàng)concentration“濃度;集中;濃縮”,D項(xiàng)poison“毒藥;極有害的思想;抑制劑”,本題想表達(dá)的就是胎兒體內(nèi)的酒精濃度和母親體內(nèi)的完全一樣,從而表達(dá)胎兒在酒精面前的脆弱,答案為C,并且在下一段的開頭也有提示,“Forthemother,thisconcentrationis…”提示了這一空應(yīng)該與之呼應(yīng);并且酒精濃度也是一個(gè)常見的表達(dá)。

第12題:本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義。A項(xiàng)distinguish“區(qū)分;辨別”,B項(xiàng)remove“移動(dòng),遷移”,C項(xiàng)abandon“遺棄;離開”,D項(xiàng)discriminate“歧視;區(qū)別;辨別”,這句話的句意是:對(duì)母親來說,這個(gè)量不是問題,因?yàn)樗母闻K每小時(shí)可以_____一盎司的酒精;我們不難看出,這句話想表達(dá)的是,母親體內(nèi)的器官可以定時(shí)移除這些酒精,但是胎兒因?yàn)榘l(fā)育不完全不可以,因此答案為B。

第13題:本題考查形容詞詞義。A項(xiàng)developed“發(fā)達(dá)的(國家或地區(qū));成熟的”,B項(xiàng)cultivated“用于耕種的;有教養(yǎng)的”,C項(xiàng)nurtured“培育;養(yǎng)育”,D項(xiàng)grown“長大的;成年的”,本題想要表達(dá)的是胎兒的解酒能力不像他們的媽媽一樣,原因就是他們的身體還不是成熟的,D項(xiàng)不對(duì),并沒有說一定要成年,只是現(xiàn)在胎兒的身體和器官發(fā)育還不成熟。

第14題:本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義。A項(xiàng)eliminate“消除;排除”,B項(xiàng)prevent“預(yù)防,防止”,C項(xiàng)distance“疏遠(yuǎn);把……遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩在后面”,D項(xiàng)relieve“解除,減輕”,要解答這句話必須要理解句意,它是和上文的母親的情況形成對(duì)比,描述的是:這個(gè)比率從胎兒血液中清除酒精的速度要慢得多。因此這里選擇A。

第15題:本題考查副詞詞義。A項(xiàng)eventually“最后;終于”,B項(xiàng)practically“實(shí)際地;幾乎”,C項(xiàng)virtually“事實(shí)上;幾乎;實(shí)質(zhì)上”,D項(xiàng)gradually“逐步地;漸漸地”,知道詞義之后我們一個(gè)個(gè)代入題干的空格,可以得出應(yīng)該是:最終,酒精會(huì)通過胎盤回到母親的身體系統(tǒng)。這也是根據(jù)我們的常識(shí)可以得出的,胎兒的所有養(yǎng)分都和母親互通。

第16題:本題考查了詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)takeseffect“生效;起作用”,B項(xiàng)takesplace“發(fā)生;舉行”,C項(xiàng)hasimpact“有影響”,D項(xiàng)prevailsover“勝過;占優(yōu)勢(shì)”,前文講的是酒精最終會(huì)回到母體,但是在這個(gè)發(fā)生之前,已經(jīng)對(duì)胎兒造成損傷了,這一空只要知道詞組和上下文的意思應(yīng)該不難做出答案。

第17題:本題考查了動(dòng)詞詞義。A項(xiàng)experienced“經(jīng)驗(yàn);經(jīng)歷”,B項(xiàng)arisen“出現(xiàn);上升”,C項(xiàng)emerged“浮現(xiàn);擺脫”,D項(xiàng)occurred“發(fā)生;出現(xiàn);存在”,通過題干我們可以翻譯出句意為:到這個(gè)時(shí)候,嚴(yán)重的神經(jīng)損傷可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。答案為D。

第18題:本題考查了形容詞的詞義。A項(xiàng)irreversible“不可逆的;不能取消的;不能翻轉(zhuǎn)的”,B項(xiàng)perceivable“可知覺的,可感知的”,C項(xiàng)incomprehensible“費(fèi)解的;無限的;不可思議的”,D項(xiàng)unimaginable“不可思議的;難以想象的”,句意為:研究表明,少量的酒精就能對(duì)胎兒造成嚴(yán)重的、不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的傷害。答案為A。

第19題:本題考查了動(dòng)詞的詞義。A項(xiàng)reveal“透露;揭露”,B項(xiàng)exhibit“展覽;顯示;提出”,C項(xiàng)involve“包含;牽涉;使陷于”,D項(xiàng)perform“執(zhí)行;完成;演奏”,句意為:在酒精環(huán)境下出生的嬰兒通常會(huì)表現(xiàn)出面部扭曲、無法集中注意力和記憶困難。這里的exhibit是指的會(huì)出現(xiàn)這些癥狀,其他代入均不符合句意。

第20題:本題考查了形容詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)desirous“渴望的;想要的”,B項(xiàng)hopeful“有希望的;有前途的”,C項(xiàng)imperative“必須的,有必要的”,D項(xiàng)optimistic“樂觀的”,很明顯全文都在說孕婦喝酒對(duì)于胎兒的危害,因此:孕婦避免飲酒是必要的。答案為C。

4.單選題

Thethieves(

)thewastepaperallovertheroomwhiletheyweresearchingforthering.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spread

B.scratched

C.scattered

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spread傳播,散布;scratch搔,抓;scatteralloverthefloor滿地皆是;burn燃燒。句意:小偷找鉆戒的時(shí)候,把廢紙弄得滿屋都是。由“searchingforthering”可知小偷為了找到戒指會(huì)滿屋子翻箱倒柜,把廢紙弄得到處都是。答案C

5.單選題

Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderobjectivelyselectedfacts;Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovideinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.

However,theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshouldconfinethemselves(1)the"facts":Thisinsistence

(2)twoquestions:Whatarethefacts?Arethebarefactsenough?

Astothefirstquestion,considerhowaso-called"factual"storycomesabout.Thereportercollects

(3)

fiftyfacts;outofthesefiftyhisspace(4)

beingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsten

(5)

heconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshall

(6)

theleadofthepiece.(Thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonot

(7)

eyondthefirstparagraph.)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeimpact,

(8)

onpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.

Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called"factual"or"objective"story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlike

(9)

involvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,calling

(10)

theirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralism"arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.by

C.through

D.to

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.raises

B.rises

C.arises

D.rouses

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.speak

B.state

C.remark

D.say

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.agreement

B.assignment

C.allotment

D.arrangement

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.which

C.how

D.whether

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.determine

B.involve

C.constitute

D.organize

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.progress

B.prolong

C.prospect

D.proceed

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.rather

B.than

C.or

D.instead

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.this

C.these

D.those

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.up

B.off

C.upon

D.for

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。confinesb.to“將某人限定在…內(nèi)”,答案D

第2題:考查固定搭配。此空意為提出問題raisequestions,答案A

第3題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。say做副詞用,前后用逗號(hào)隔開,表示“大約、例如”,答案D

第4題:考查名詞辨析。agreement協(xié)議;arrangement安排;assignment分派指定的任務(wù);allotment分配、配發(fā)。由上下文可知此空意為“分配”,答案C

第5題:考查連詞辨析。此處由which引導(dǎo)定語從句,答案B

第6題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。determine決定、下決心;involve包含、牽涉;constitute組成,構(gòu)成;organize組織。句意:編輯要從這十個(gè)事實(shí)選一個(gè)構(gòu)成總領(lǐng)。答案C

第7題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。progress進(jìn)步;prolong延長;prospect勘探;proceed繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。句意:讀者不會(huì)繼續(xù)再讀下一段。答案D

第8題:考查固定搭配。whether…or…“不管…還是…”

第9題:考查代詞辨析。those指代judgments

第10題:考查詞組辨析。callup征召…入伍;calloff取消;callupon號(hào)召,要求,拜訪;callfor要求、需要。句意:記者和編輯會(huì)結(jié)合調(diào)查資源、大環(huán)境背景和新聞中立性原則……答案C

6.單選題

Bethworkedhardto()inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:貝絲在她的訪問期間努力地()當(dāng)?shù)厝酥小?/p>

encounter遭遇,邂逅,遇到;blend混合,協(xié)調(diào),融入;merge合并,使合并,吞,沒;adapt適應(yīng),改變。

選項(xiàng)Bblendinwith為固定搭配,表示“融入,融合”,符合句意。

7.單選題

Onceyougettoknowyourmistakes,youshould()themassoonaspossible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectify

B.reclaim

C.refrain

D.reckon

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)rectify“糾正”;B選項(xiàng)reclaim“開拓;回收再利用;改造某人”;C選項(xiàng)refrain“節(jié)制,克制;避免;制止”;D選項(xiàng)reckon“測(cè)算,估計(jì);認(rèn)為”。句意:一旦你認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤,那么你應(yīng)該盡可能快地糾正它們。結(jié)合句意,A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.FergusClydesdale,headofthedepartmentoffoodscienceandnutritionattheUniversityofMassachusetts-Amherst,saysbluntlythatifthedangersfrombacteriallycontaminatedchickenwereasgreatassomepeoplebelieve,“thestreetswouldbelitteredwithpeoplelyinghereandthere”.

Thoughthepublicincreasinglydemandsno-riskfood,thereisnosuchthing.BruceAmes,chairmanofthebiochemistrydepartmentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,pointsoutthatupto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.Sayshe,“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves,theyemploychemicalwarfare.”Andmanynaturallyproducedchemicals,thoughoccurringintinyamounts,proveinlaboratoryteststobestrongcarcinogens—asubstancewhichcancausecancer.Mushroomsmightbebannediftheywerejudgedbythesamestandardsthatapplytofoodadditives.DeclaresChristinaStark,anutritionistatCornellUniversity:“We’regotfarworsenaturalchemicalsinthefoodsupplythananythingman-made.”

Yettheissuesarenotthatsimple.WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.Theyunconsciouslyandunwillinglytakeintoomuchoftoomanydangerouschemicals.Iffoodalreadycontainsnaturalcarcinogens,itdoesnotmakemuchsensetoadddozensofnewman-madeones.Thoughmostpeoplewillwithstandthesmallamountsofcontaminantsgenerallyfoundinfoodandwater,atleastafewindividualswillprobablygetcanceronedaybecauseofwhattheyeatanddrink.Tomakegoodfoodandwatersuppliesevenbetter,theGovernmentneedstotightenitsregulatorystandards,stiffenitsinspectionprogramandstrengthenitsenforcementpolicies.Thefoodindustryshouldmodifysomelong-acceptedpracticesorturntolesshazardousalternatives.Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.Theproblemsthatneedtobetackledexistallalongthefood-supplychainfromfieldstoprocessingplantstokitchens.

1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheAmerican’sviewoftheirfood?

2.Theauthorconsidersitimpossibletoobtainno-riskfoodbecause().

3.Bysaying“theyemploychemicalwarfare”(Paragraph2,Line4),BruceAmesmeans().

4.Thereductionofthepossiblehazardsinfoodultimatelydependson().

5.Whatisthemessagetheauthorwantstoconveyinthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyoverstatethegovernment’sinterferencewiththefoodindustry.

B.Theyareoveroptimisticaboutthesafetyoftheirfood.

C.Theyoverestimatethehazardsoftheirfood.

D.Theyoverlooktherisksofthefoodtheyeat.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.nofoodisfreefrompollutionintheenvironment

B.pesticidesarewidelyusedinagriculture

C.manyvegetablescontaindangerousnaturalchemicals

D.almostallfoodshaveadditives

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.plantsproducecertainchemicalstocombatpestsanddiseases

B.plantsabsorbusefulchemicalstopromotetheirgrowth

C.farmersuseman-madechemicalstodissolvethenaturalchemicalsinplants

D.farmersusechemicalstoprotectplantsagainstpestsanddiseases

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thegovernment

B.theprocessor

C.theconsumer

D.thegrower

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Eatinganddrinkinghavebecomemorehazardousthanbefore.

B.Immediatemeasuresmustbetakentoimprovefoodproductionandprocessing.

C.Healthfoodisnotadreaminmodernsociety.

D.Thereisreasonforcautionbutnocauseforalarmwithregardtofoodconsumption.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段第一句“ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.許多美國人對(duì)圍繞食品的大多數(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)持有嚴(yán)重扭曲和夸大的看法?!笨芍狢項(xiàng)“他們高估了食物的危害?!迸c原文相符;A項(xiàng)“他們夸大了政府對(duì)食品工業(yè)的干預(yù)”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);B項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)食品的安全性過于樂觀?!?,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);D項(xiàng)“他們忽略了他們所吃食物的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?!?,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第二段第二句“…upto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.……高達(dá)植物重量10%的成分是天然殺蟲劑?!笨芍狝項(xiàng)“沒有一種食物是不受環(huán)境污染的”與原文相符。B項(xiàng)“農(nóng)藥在農(nóng)業(yè)中被廣泛使用”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);C項(xiàng)“許多蔬菜包含危險(xiǎn)的天然化學(xué)物質(zhì)”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);D項(xiàng)“幾乎所有的食品都含有添加劑”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第二段第三句“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves...因?yàn)橹参餂]有頜或牙齒來保護(hù)自己……”可知這里的“theyemploychemicalwarfare它們使用化學(xué)武器”代指“植物產(chǎn)生某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)來對(duì)抗蟲害和疾病”,由此知A項(xiàng)“植物產(chǎn)生某種化學(xué)物質(zhì)來對(duì)抗病蟲害”與原文相符。B項(xiàng)“植物吸收有用的化學(xué)物質(zhì)來促進(jìn)它們的生長”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);C項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民使用人造化學(xué)物質(zhì)溶解植物中的天然化學(xué)物質(zhì)”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);D項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民使用化學(xué)藥品保護(hù)植物免受病蟲害”,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.也許最重要的是,消費(fèi)者將不得不更好地學(xué)習(xí)如何正確處理和烹飪食物?!笨芍狢項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者”正確。A項(xiàng)“政府”;B項(xiàng)“加工者”;D項(xiàng)“種植者”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章最后一段第二句“WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.雖然美國人沒有理由害怕坐在餐桌前吃飯,但他們完全有理由要求顯著改善食品和水安全?!笨芍狣項(xiàng)“關(guān)于食物消費(fèi),有理由謹(jǐn)慎,但沒有理由驚慌。”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“飲食變得比以前更危險(xiǎn)?!?,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);B項(xiàng)“必須立即采取措施改善食品生產(chǎn)和加工?!?,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá);C項(xiàng)“健康食品在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)不再是一個(gè)夢(mèng)?!?,原文并沒有相關(guān)表達(dá)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivity,atthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaundermin/mum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthcenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,however,especiallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiodicitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchasfossilrecordsofthethicknessofancienttreerings.Thesestudies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycycle,oreventoconfirmthecycle’spastexistence

Ifconsistentandreliablegeological,orarchaeologicalandclimatologicalevidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistantpastcouldhefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportantissueinsolarphysics:howtomodelsolaractivity.Currently,therearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.ThefirstsupposesthattheSun'sinternalmotions(causedbyrotationandconvection)interactwithitslarge-scalemagneticfieldtoproduceadynamo,adeviceinwhichmechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamagneticfield.InshorttheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.Thealternative,explanationsupposesthattheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenitformed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun'smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.ModemsolarobservationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresentcyclicalSolar-activityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

1.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon(

).

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolaractivityisaccurate?

3.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenthandearlyeighteenth-centuryChineserecordsareimportantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheargumentinfavorofthefirstmodelwouldbestrengthenedifwhichofthefollowingwerefoundtobetrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

D.outlinethespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshasnotyetbeensolvedandfaulttheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodemphysicists

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inbothmodelscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

B.Inbothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeingdependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

C.InonemodeltheSun’smagneticfieldisthoughttoplayaroleincausingsolaractivity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

D.Inonemodelsolaractivityispresumedtobeunrelatedtoterrestrialphenomena,whereasintheothermodelsolaractivityisthoughttohaveobservableeffectsontheEarth.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredicatedwereincorrect.

B.TheysuggestthattheMaunderminimummightbevalidonlyforEurope.

C.TheyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusuallycoldweatherworldwideatthetimeoftheMaunderminimum.

D.TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetimeoftheMaunderminimumdidnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Episodesofintensevolcaniceruptionsinthedistantpastoccurredincycleshavingverylongperiodicities.

B.Atthepresenttimethegloballevelofthunder-stormactivityincreasesanddecreasesincycleswithperiodicitiesofapproximately11years.

C.Inthelastcenturythelengthofthesunspotcyclehasbeenknowntovarybyasmuchas2yearsfromitsaverageperiodicityof11years

D.Hundredsofmillionsofyearsago,solar-activitycyclesdisplayedthesameperiodicitiesasdopresent-daysolar-activitycycles.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章主要講解的是人們將太陽活動(dòng)極小期與歐洲16世紀(jì)至19世紀(jì)初期不同尋常的低溫聯(lián)系起來,但是太陽活動(dòng)極小的真實(shí)性還有待考察,如果同意可靠的地質(zhì)、考古和氣象證據(jù)能夠與遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代的太陽活動(dòng)周期掛鉤,也許可以幫助理解和確定太陽活動(dòng)的兩種模式。A選項(xiàng)“指出有關(guān)太陽活動(dòng)的兩種相對(duì)的科學(xué)理論并對(duì)其各自的地質(zhì)依據(jù)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)”,B選項(xiàng)“簡(jiǎn)要概述近期科學(xué)在太陽物理學(xué)方面的發(fā)展并且就他們對(duì)未來氣候研究的影響做出評(píng)價(jià)”,C選項(xiàng)“討論將地球上的各種現(xiàn)象與太陽活動(dòng)聯(lián)系起來的困難性并指出問題的解決方法影響著我們對(duì)太陽物理活動(dòng)的理解”,D選項(xiàng)“概述有關(guān)太陽物理的問題之所以一直沒解決的原因并且對(duì)現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)家過度理論化的方法進(jìn)行指責(zé)”,C選項(xiàng)周期。

2.推理判斷題。文章對(duì)太陽活動(dòng)的兩種模式的介紹主要集中在文章的第三段。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.簡(jiǎn)而言之,太陽大范圍的磁場(chǎng)是自給自足的,因此與之相關(guān)的太陽活動(dòng)周期將會(huì)在幾十億年內(nèi)維持基本不變?!笨芍诘谝环N模式中,太陽活動(dòng)的周期是與太陽大范圍的磁場(chǎng)相關(guān)的并且太陽活動(dòng)周期是可以長期維持基本不變的。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.在這種模式中,與太陽磁場(chǎng)相關(guān)的太陽機(jī)制變化更快,因此,太陽活動(dòng)周期的特點(diǎn)也會(huì)在很長一段時(shí)間后有所變化”可知在第二種模式中太陽活動(dòng)的周期也是和太陽磁場(chǎng)相關(guān)的,但是太陽活動(dòng)周期是會(huì)有所變化的。所以A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,排除;B選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)文章中沒有提及,排除。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.太陽活動(dòng)極小期的真實(shí)性還有待考證,特別是中國當(dāng)時(shí)肉眼觀察到的太陽活動(dòng)的記錄又與其相矛盾?!笨芍狝選項(xiàng)‘他們認(rèn)為,蒙德極小值所依據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)是不正確的。’是中國17世紀(jì)末期至18世紀(jì)早期的記錄的重要性的原因。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.簡(jiǎn)而言之,太陽大范圍的磁場(chǎng)是自給自足的,因此與之相關(guān)的太陽活動(dòng)周期將會(huì)在幾十億年內(nèi)維持基本不變。”可知選項(xiàng)D“數(shù)億年前太陽活動(dòng)的周期性特征和如今太陽活動(dòng)的周期性相同”是對(duì)第一種模式的支持。

10.問答題

Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain”sufferswithcivilization’severystepinsearchof

A

reality.Sciencecannotreallyexplainelectricity,magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbe

measuredandpredicted,butoftheirnaturenomoreisknownaboutthemodemscientistthanto

B

C

D

Thaleswhofirstspeculatedontheelectrificationofamber.

【答案】試題答案:C;to

【解析】考查介詞搭配。beknownto意為“為……所知”。

11.單選題

Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed(1)extendingman’sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctions

(2)

fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein

(3)

andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.

Thesmallerandneweruniversitiesdonot

(4)

thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe

(5)

researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.

(6)

mostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityis

(7)

tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin(8)

withthelatestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.

Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto

(9)

theknowledgeneededfortheirchosen

(10)

.Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshouldnotbethe

(11)

one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenandwomen

(12)

judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowledge.

Forthisreason,they

(13)

studentstomeetotherswithdiffering

(14)

andtoreadwidelyto

(15)

theirunderstandinginmanyfieldsofstudy.

(16)

asecondaryschoolcourse,astudentshouldbeinterestedenoughinasubjecttoenjoygainingknowledgeforitsown

(17)

.Heshouldbepreparedto

(18)

everyefforttostudyhischosen

(19)

indepth.Heshouldhaveanambitiontomakesome

(20)

contributiontoman’sknowledge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.by

C.to

D.in

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.turns

B.range

C.moves

D.varies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.prospect

B.place

C.control

D.favor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.occupy

B.possess

C.involve

D.spare

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.maximum

B.medium

C.virtual

D.vast

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.But

B.As

C.While

D.For

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.essential

C.functional

D.optional

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.coordination

B.accordance

C.touch

D.grasp

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.accept

C.endure

D.ensure

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.procession

B.profession

C.possession

D.preference

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.typical

B.true

C.mere

D.only

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.on

D.through

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.prompt

B.provoke

C.encourage

D.anticipate

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.histories

B.expressions.

C.interests

D.curiosities

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.broaden

B.lengthen

C.enforce

D.specify

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.amid

B.after

C.over

D.upon

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.object

B.course

C.effect

D.sake

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.make

C.suffer

D.pay

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.field

B.scope

C.target

D.goal

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.radical

B.truthful

C.meaningful

D.initial

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:C

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。動(dòng)詞aim后面一般可以跟兩個(gè)介詞,aimat或者aimto,如果是后者的話,后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形,根據(jù)extending可知此處用at,aimat“針對(duì);旨在”,因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(2)考查動(dòng)詞詞組??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵翰煌髮W(xué)對(duì)這些功能的重視程度不一樣。varyfrom…to…“因……而異”,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(3)考查固定搭配。thepeopleincharge“負(fù)責(zé)人”,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(4)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句子缺少一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞,主語是universities,賓語是thestafforrequirement,根據(jù)主語跟賓語的關(guān)系,可知possess“擁有”符合要求。

(5)考查形容詞詞義辨析。maximum“最高的;最多的”;medium“中間的,中等的”;virtual“實(shí)質(zhì)上的”;vast“巨大的,大量的”。Smallerandneweruniversities(小規(guī)模并且是新建的大學(xué))與后文的largerinstitutions(較大的機(jī)構(gòu))形成對(duì)比,空格處是較大機(jī)構(gòu)做的事情,因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(6)考查邏輯連接詞??崭裉幮韪鶕?jù)上下文填入一個(gè)邏輯連接詞。前面提到新建的小規(guī)模的大學(xué)因缺乏人力物力無法做大量的研究項(xiàng)目,后面提到大部分專家認(rèn)為科研很重要,二者是有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(7)考查固定搭配。natural“自然的”;essential“基本的,必要的”;functional“功能的”;optional“可選擇的,隨意的”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵捍蟛糠謱<艺J(rèn)為搞科研對(duì)于教師和學(xué)生及時(shí)了解最新信息非?!?,由此可知,科研對(duì)于教師和學(xué)生來說是非常有必要的,beessen

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論