考研考博-英語-天津?yàn)I海汽車工程職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津?yàn)I海汽車工程職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.woulddo

B.wouldhavedone

C.did

D.haddone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。under引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非真實(shí)條件句，表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用wouldhavedone，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：在他的所作所為受到表揚(yáng)后，他說，“在更艱苦的條件下，我會(huì)做得更好?！币虼耍擃}選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One’sphysicalassetsandliabilitiesdon’tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmorethan1,000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so-beautifulpeople.Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion:Looksdomatter,morethanmostofusrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysicallyattractiveindividualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheirparents,soughtoutasfriends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossibleexceptionofwomenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelytobehired,paidwell,andpromoted.

Onceagain,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpieties（虔誠）whileactingjustthecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.Theygiveeachmemberofagroup-collegestudents,orteachersorcorporatepersonnelmangers—apieceofpaperrelatinganindividual’saccomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapersallsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowastrikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsomeanunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtoratetheindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthtothelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.Inthephrase,borrowedfromSappho,thatthesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatisbeautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.AUtahStateUniversityprofessor,whoisanauthorityonthesubject,explains:Intermsoftheircareers,theimpactofphysicalattractivenessonmalesisonlymodest.Butitspotentialimpactonfemalescanbetremendous,makingiteasier,forexample,forthemoreattractivetogetjobswheretheyareinthepubliceye.Onanothernote,though,thereisenoughliteraturenowforustoconcludethatattractivewomenwhoaspire（追求）tomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.

1.Accordingtothepassage,peopleoftenwronglybelievethatinpursuingacareerasamanager_______.

2.Theresultofresearchcarriedoutbysocialscientistsshowthat______.

3.Experimentsbyscientistshaveshownthatwhenpeopleevaluateindividualsoncertainattributes________.

4.“Goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen”（Line1，Para.5）meansthat______.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthebusinessworld______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aperson’spropertyordebtsdonotmattermuch

B.aperson’soutwardappearanceisnotacriticalqualification

C.womenshouldalwaysdressfashionably

D.womenshouldnotonlybeattractivebutalsohigh-minded

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peopledonotrealizetheimportanceoflookingone’sbest

B.womeninpursuitofmanagerialjobsarenotlikelytobepaidwell

C.good-lookingwomenaspiretomanagerialpositions

D.attractivepeoplegenerallyhaveanadvantageoverthosewhoarenot

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyobservetheprinciplethatbeautyisonlyskin-deep

B.theydonotusuallyactaccordingtotheviewstheysupport

C.theygiveordinary-lookingpersonsthelowestratings

D.theytendtobasetheirjudgmentontheindividual’saccomplishments

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.attractivewomenhavetremendouspotentialimpactonpublicjobs

B.good-lookingwomenalwaysgetthebestofeverything

C.beingattractiveisnotalwaysanadvantageforwomen

D.attractivewomendonotdoaswellasunattractivewomeninmanagerialpositions

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.handsomemenarenotaffectedasmuchbytheirlooksasattractivewomenare

B.physicallyattractivewomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallydoquitewell

C.physicallyattractivemenandwomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallygetalongquitewell

D.goodlooksareimportantforwomenastheyareformen

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.”，可知很多人誤解地認(rèn)為美是膚淺的。后一句“Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.”，說明女性應(yīng)該讓自己看起來最好才是作者想要表達(dá)的正確觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.”，照片上的人越漂亮，評(píng)價(jià)就越高，說明外貌是一個(gè)優(yōu)勢。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段，“thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjustthecontrary.”，說明我們嘴上說著虔誠的話，但是實(shí)際行動(dòng)卻是相反的，也就是不會(huì)根據(jù)自己支持的觀點(diǎn)行事。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.語義題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“…womenwhoaspiretomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.”說明有足夠的研究表明外表有吸引力的女性不如外表沒有吸引力的女性工作那么出色。所以外表并不總是能帶來優(yōu)勢。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.”，說明在事業(yè)中，外貌的吸引力對(duì)女性的影響大于男性。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.寫作題

Directions:Answerthefollowingquestionwithnolessthan50words.RemembertowriteyouranswerclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.（5%）

WhoisConfucius（孔子）？

【答案】略

4.單選題

AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis（）intothefloorbetweenthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dejected

B.ejected

C.injected

D.projected

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deject“使……沮喪；使……灰心”；B選項(xiàng)eject“噴射；驅(qū)逐，逐出”；C選項(xiàng)inject“注入；注射”；D選項(xiàng)project“計(jì)劃；發(fā)射；放映”。句意：隨著新材料被注入到非洲和南美之間的地板上，它們正在相互遠(yuǎn)離，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Mintisanherbthatiswellknownforthearomaticoildistilledfromallpartsoftheplant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.valuable

B.fragrant

C.medicinal

D.flavorful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：薄荷是一種藥草，因其各個(gè)部位可蒸餾芳香油而聞名。aromatic意為芳香的。valuable有價(jià)值的，貴重的；fragrant芬芳的，芳香的；medicinal藥用的；有益的；flavorful可口的，充滿……味道的。選項(xiàng)B與之意思最為相近。

6.翻譯題

1.從科學(xué)和藝術(shù)的區(qū)別看,管理應(yīng)該更像藝術(shù)。管理心理學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn),一個(gè)人的管理能力同他年輕時(shí)負(fù)面的生活經(jīng)歷有正相關(guān)。正是根據(jù)上述對(duì)管理的認(rèn)識(shí),可以得出這樣的結(jié)論,MBA的文憑不是管理者的執(zhí)業(yè)證書,拿到MBA證書的人必須與學(xué)工程、法律、電腦的人,以及第一線的工段長們競爭管理者的職位。

2.按時(shí)喝一杯香味濃郁的熱咖啡會(huì)幫助女性變得更勇敢,聰明,做出更自信的決定,重要的是會(huì)勝過男同事,來自英國的心理生理學(xué)家證實(shí),咖啡對(duì)女性和男性在壓力狀況下的作用是完全不同的。喝了咖啡的男人出汗,爭吵,把工作一個(gè)接一個(gè)搞砸。但是喝了咖啡的女人卻神采奕奕地從這些困境中解脫出來。

3.此時(shí)工作人員必須做好三件事情。首先,確認(rèn)反應(yīng)堆里的燃料依然處于冷卻狀態(tài),以防止燃料進(jìn)一步受損。保持燃料冷卻需要隨時(shí)將其置于水中。第二是反應(yīng)堆系統(tǒng)壓力要在警戒線以下。第三,由于反應(yīng)器內(nèi)部的蒸汽會(huì)和燃料包殼發(fā)生反應(yīng),產(chǎn)生氫氣,所以要確保疏通氫氣,以免氫氣聚集引發(fā)再發(fā)爆炸。

ChooseONLYONEtextformthefollowingandtranslateitintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovidedifmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】1.Intermsofthedifferencesbetweenscienceandart,managementshouldbemorelikeanart.Themanagementpsychologistsdiscoverthataperson’smanagementcapacityhasapositiverelationshipwithhisnegativelifeexperienceofyouthtime.Accordingtotheacknowledgmentofmanagementabove,wecandrawaconclusionthatadiplomaofMBAisnotthepracticingcertificateofamanager,andpeoplewhoobtainthecertificateofMBAmustcompeteforthemanagerialpositionswithengineers,lawyers,computertechniciansandfront-linesectionchiefs.

2.Drinkingacupoffragranthotcoffeeregularlycanhelpfemalestobecomebraver,smarter,andmakemoreconfidentdecisions.Thekeypointisthatitcanhelpfemalestosurpassmalecolleagues.Britishphysiologicalpsychologistconfirmthatcoffeehascompletelydifferentaffectsonwomenandmenunderpressure.Menwhodrinkcoffeesweat,argueandmessupjobsoneafteranotherwhilewomencangetoutofdilemmaswitharadiantlook.

3.Theoperatorsmustdothreethingswellatthispoint.First,makesurethatthefuelinthereactorremainscooltopreventanyfurtherdamagetothefuel.Andthatrequiresplacingthefuelinwateratalltimes.Thesecondthingtheyhavetodoistoensurethatpressureofthereactorsystemshouldbebelowtheriskinglevels.Thethirdthingtheyhavetodoistoensurethatthehydrogen,whichwillbeproducedbecauseofthereactionsbetweenthesteaminthereactorandthefuelcladding,doesn’taccumulatetoavoidanotherexplosion.

7.單選題

Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen’s.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinite-structuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses—thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargerandprobablyricherinnervefibersthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis“What?”，and,ifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinborn,aresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforword-handling,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetterconnections.

Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“l(fā)anguagesubjects”andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan’tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassageitiscommonlybelievedthatbraindifferencesarecausedby______factors.

3.“thesedifferences”inparagraph5refertothosein_______.

4.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorproposesmoreworkon______.

5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.

B.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.

C.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.

D.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.biological

B.psychological

C.physical

D.social

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.skillsofmenandwomen

B.schoolsubjects

C.thebrainstructureofmenandwomen

D.activitiescarriedoutbythebrain

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebrainstructureasawhole

B.thefunctioningofpartofthebrain

C.thedistinctionbetweenthesexes

D.theeffectsofthecorpuscallosum

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Tooutlinetheresearchfindingsonthebrainstructure.

B.Toexplainthelinkbetweensexandbrainstructure,

C.Todiscussthevariousfactorsthatcausebraindifferences.

D.Tosuggestnewareasinbrainresearch.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.（心理學(xué)家把這個(gè)問題看作是一件沮喪的是或是一個(gè)笑話）可知A選項(xiàng)表述不正確；由第一段中的Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.（但他們急忙指出，不同并不等于好或壞）可知B選項(xiàng)表述不正確；由第三段中的Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.（這是第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)女性和男性大腦之間的結(jié)構(gòu)差異，它必須具有一定的意義）可知D選項(xiàng)表述不正確。通過排除法排除A、B、D選項(xiàng)，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.（我們傾向于認(rèn)為，正是社會(huì)的影響產(chǎn)生了這些差異）可知選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.（但要在此基礎(chǔ)上解釋男女技能的實(shí)際差異并非易事）可知選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing（我們也不知道這兩部分是如何通過胼胝體相互作用的。但這種顯著的差異肯定會(huì)有一定的影響，因?yàn)檫@種差異存在于大腦中與智力有關(guān)的部分，我們應(yīng)該尋找智力加工的差異）可知選D。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了男性和女性的結(jié)構(gòu)存在差別，科學(xué)家對(duì)這種差別所做的研究，因此A選項(xiàng)“概述腦結(jié)構(gòu)的研究成果”符合題意。

8.單選題

Earthquakesarethemostlethalofallnaturaldisasters.Whatcausesthem?Geologistsexplainthemintermsofatheoryknownasplatestectonics.Continentsarefloatingapartfromeachother,thisisreferredtoasthecontinentaldrift.Aboutsixtymilesbelowthesurfaceofthesea,thereisasemi-moltenbedofrockoverwhichplates,orslabs,carrycontinentsandseafloorsatarateofseveralinchesayear.Astheplatesseparatefromeachother,anewseafloorisformedbythemoltenmatterthatwasformerlybeneath.Volcanicislandsandlargemountainrangesarecreatedbythistypeofmovement.ThecollisionofplatecausesgeographicalinstabilitysuchasthatinCaliforniacalledtheSanAndreasFaultlocatedbetweenthePacificandNorthAmericaplates.Theplatesthereareconstantlypushingandpullingadjacentplates,therebycreatingtremorsandapotentialforearthquakesinthearea.

Geologistswouldliketobeabletopredictearthquakesaccurately.Usinglaserbeams,seismographs,gravity-measuringdevices,andradiotelescopes,theyarepresentlystudyingtheSanAndreaFaulttodeterminetherateofstainandtheamountofgroundslippage.Calculationsindicatethatsometimewithinthenexttenyears:Californiawillbestruckbyamajorearthquake.

Inspiteofthegeologiststheoryofplatetectonics,therearestillgapsinman’sunderstandingandknowledgeofthecausesofearthquakes.Powerfulearthquakeshaveoccurredinplaceswhereplateboundariesarehundredsofmilesaway.Inthe1800s,NewMadrid,MissouriandCharleston,SouthCarolina,wereshakenbyearthquakesthatnoonehadforeseen.

Certainareasoftheworldarequakeprone,Italy,Yugoslavia,andAlgeriahaveexperiencedmanyquakes.InNovember1980,Napleswasstruckbyanespeciallydevastatingquake.ChinaandJapanhavealsohitbyhorrendous(terrible)quakes.In1923,TokyoandYokohamawerereducedtorubblebygigantictremorsthatwerefollowedbyfires,tornadoes,andfinallyathirly-four-foottsunami,ortidalwave,whichwascausedbytheEarth’sdropintothewatersofTokyoBay.Morethan150,000peoplediedinthatearthquake.

Whateffectshavegeologistspredictionsofearthquakehad?TheChineseinHaichengin1974werewarnedthatanearthquakemightoccurwithinthenextyearortwo.Withthehelpofamateurseismologistsobservationsofanimalbehaviorandtheriseandfallofwaterinwellsandmeasurementsofradioactivegasinwater,professionalgeologistswereable,inJanuary1975,topredictanearthquakewithinthenextsixmonths.OnFebruary4,Haichengwasdestroyed,butbecauseitsresidentshadbeenevacuated,veryfewpeoplewerekilled.InCalifornia,whereearthquakeisanever-presentmenace,buildingcodesnowrequirequakeproofstructures,andCivilDefenseunitshaveintensifiedtheirtraininginhowtodealwithdisastershoulditstrikeor,perhapsmoreaccurately,whenitstrikes.Shouldpredictionsofaquakewithinthenexttenyearsbeaccurate,manyCaliforniansmaybeabletosaveboththeirlivesandtheirproperty.

1.Continentaldriftistheconceptthat（

）.

2.Ifpredictionsarecorrect,California（

）.

3.Californiansarepreparingforanearthquakeby（

）.

4.Napleswas（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.continentsaredrawingnearertoeachother

B.continentsareseparating

C.continentsare60milesapartfromeachother

D.newcontinentsaredevelopingbeneaththesea

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Willbestruckbyanearthquakeinthenexttenyears

B.Willbesavedfromearthquakewithintenyears

C.IsunstableasaresultoftheSanAndreasFault.

D.Hasnothingtofear

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Savingtheirproperty

B.Buildingstrongerhousesandpracticingtechniquestohandleemergencies

C.IgnoringtheSunAndreasFault

D.movingtoanotherstate

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.notdamagedmuchbyanearthquake

B.struckbyahorrendousearthquake

C.struckbyanearthquakealongtimeage

D.preparedforanearthquake

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.BuildingcodesinCalifornia

B.ObservationofanimalbehaviorinChina

C.Causeandpredictionofearthquake

D.Devastatingearthquakes

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘大陸漂移說是怎樣一個(gè)概念？’根據(jù)文章第—段第四句“Continentsarefloatingapartfromeachother,thisisreferredtoasthecontinentaldrift.“大陸之間是相互分離的，這被稱為大陸漂移?！保訠選項(xiàng)“大陸是分離開的”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘如果預(yù)言是正確的，加利福尼亞會(huì)怎樣？’根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“Calculationsindicatethatsometimewithinthenexttenyears:Californiawillbestruckbyamajorearthquake.計(jì)算表明，在未來10年內(nèi)的某個(gè)時(shí)候，加利福尼亞將遭受一次大地震的襲擊?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“將在接下來的10年內(nèi)受到地震的打擊”正確；根據(jù)文章最后一段“Shouldpredictionsofaquakewithinthenexttenyearsbeaccurate,manyCaliforniansmaybeabletosaveboththeirlivesandtheirproperty.如果對(duì)未來十年地震的預(yù)測是準(zhǔn)確的，許多加州人也許能夠挽救他們的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)?！?，確定B選項(xiàng)“可以使它在接下來的10年內(nèi)免遭地震”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“由于圣安徳烈亞斯斷層它會(huì)不穩(wěn)定”和D選項(xiàng)“沒有什么需要害怕的”文中沒有提及，排除；所以A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘加利福尼亞人為了應(yīng)對(duì)地震正在做什么準(zhǔn)備？’根據(jù)文中最后一段最后一句“InCalifornia,whereearthquakeisanever-presentmenace,buildingcodesnowrequirequakeproofstructures,andCivilDefenseunitshaveintensifiedtheirtraininginhowtodealwithdisastershoulditstrikeor,perhapsmoreaccurately,whenitstrikes.在加州，地震是一種無處不在的威脅，建筑規(guī)范現(xiàn)在要求防震結(jié)構(gòu)，民防部隊(duì)已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)了如何應(yīng)對(duì)地震襲擊的訓(xùn)練，或者更準(zhǔn)確地說，當(dāng)?shù)卣鹨u擊時(shí)如何應(yīng)對(duì)?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“建造更堅(jiān)固的房子和練習(xí)處理緊急事件的技巧”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘那不勒斯是怎樣的？’根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“InNovember1980,Napleswasstruckbyanespeciallydevastatingquake.1980年11月，那不勒斯發(fā)生了一場毀滅性的地震。”，確定B選項(xiàng)“遭受了可怕的地震”正確。

5.主旨大意題。題干詢問‘這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是…？’文章一直圍繞著地震發(fā)生的原因和預(yù)測這個(gè)話題展開描述的，所以C選項(xiàng)“地震發(fā)生的原因和預(yù)測”正確；文章只是說加州為了應(yīng)對(duì)地震采取了建筑法規(guī)等措施，所以A選項(xiàng)“加利福尼亞的建筑法規(guī)”錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“中國對(duì)于動(dòng)物行為的觀察”，屬于文章的一部分細(xì)節(jié)信息描述，不是主主旨題，所以不正確；文中只是舉例了一些毀滅性的地震，但這個(gè)不是文章主題，所以選項(xiàng)D“毀滅性的地震”不正確；C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

9.單選題

Ofvariouspartsofthespeechcontest,unplanned（

）speechisthemostdifficultpartformostcontestants.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneous

B.spontaneity

C.prepared

D.synthetic

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的，自然的”；B選項(xiàng)spontaneity“自發(fā)性，自然性”；C選項(xiàng)prepared“準(zhǔn)備好的”；D選項(xiàng)synthetic“綜合的，合成的”。由關(guān)鍵詞“unplanned無準(zhǔn)備的”可知spontaneous符合題意，句意為：在口語競賽的不同環(huán)節(jié)中，無準(zhǔn)備即興演講對(duì)于大多數(shù)選手來說都是最難的。選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。

10.單選題

Anyonenotpayingtheregistrationfeebytheendofthismonthwillbe______tohavewithdrawnfromtheprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contemplated

B.deemed

C.acknowledged

D.anticipated

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.contemplated考慮，思量B.deemed認(rèn)為，視為

C.acknowledged承認(rèn)（屬實(shí)）D.anticipated預(yù)料，預(yù)期

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“凡在本月底前未繳納報(bào)名費(fèi)者將被______退出該課程”可知，bedeemedto（被認(rèn)為，被視為）符合句意，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】凡在本月底前未繳納報(bào)名費(fèi)者將被視為退出該課程。

11.單選題

Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlestthey（

）bythelocalbandits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beattacked

B.mustbeattacked

C.wereattacked

D.wouldbeattacked

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由“l(fā)est”引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，意思是“唯恐，以免”，與之有相同用法的還有“forfearthat/inorderthat/sothat”，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用(should/could/might)+動(dòng)詞原形。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.翻譯題

在學(xué)問上打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)將使你終生受益。在學(xué)習(xí)的初級(jí)階段，學(xué)校所有科目中最重要的是語言和數(shù)學(xué)。語言是閱讀和交流的工具，中文不好，你就不能很好地表達(dá)自己；沒有很好的掌握一門外語，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難吸收外國的新知識(shí)。數(shù)學(xué)能訓(xùn)練人的邏輯思維。其他學(xué)科也各有用處，很難說哪一門更重要。比如，體育和音樂教育對(duì)于促進(jìn)人的智力發(fā)展同樣是重要的。

Thefirstbeginningsofthetheorymaybepromptedbycasualobservationandexperience.Inthesefirstprobestowardtheory,descriptionoffactsmakesupmostshareoftheeffort.Increasingsophisticationandrigorleadstoagrowingconcernwithtestingtentativetheoriesusingcarefullyselecteddataandavarietyofstatisticaltechniques.Intheselaterdevelopments,thesubjectmatterofadisciplinebecomesincreasinglytheoreticalanddeductive,ratherthanempiricalanddescriptive.

【答案】Layingasolidfoundationforstudywillworkforallyourlife.Intherudimentarystageoflearning,themostimportantsubjectsinschooleducationarelanguageandMathematics.Languageisatoolforreadingandcommunication.Ifyouarepoorinyourmotherlanguage,youcannotexpressyourselfwell.Andyouwillfindit’sdifficulttoabsorbnewknowledgefromothercountrieswithoutmasteringaforeignlanguage.Mathematicscantrainpeople’slogicalthinking.It’shardtotellwhichsubjectismoreimportant,forothersubjectsalsohavetheirownadvantages.Forinstance,physicalandmusiceducationmakecontributiontoourintelligencedevelopment.

不經(jīng)意的觀察和經(jīng)歷可能會(huì)促進(jìn)理論的開始。在探究理論之初，描述事實(shí)構(gòu)成了這種探索努力的最大部分。隨著理論不斷變得復(fù)雜和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，人們開始使用精心挑選的數(shù)據(jù)和各式各樣的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法來測試嘗試性的理論。在隨后的發(fā)展中，學(xué)科的主題變得理論化，并且具有推導(dǎo)性，不再是經(jīng)驗(yàn)和描述的。

13.單選題

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsagowhichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolencecallsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceasedwomansaidtome,“IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It’smyfaultthatshedied.”Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,“IfonlyIhadn’tinsistedonmymother’sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,theabruptchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It’smyfaultthatshe’sdead.”

Whenthingsdon’tturnoutaswewouldlikethemto,itisverytemptingtoassumethathadwedonethingsdifferently,thestorywouldhavehadahappierending.Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldhaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourreadinesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementisthenotionthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsoffeelingmaylieinourchildhood.Psychologistsspeakoftheinfantilemythofomnipotence.Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtoitstasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.

1.Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywoman?

2.Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen’sfuneralsprobablybecause（

）.

3.Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirlovedonesbecause

（

）.

4.Inthecontextofthepassage,“...theworldmakessense”(Line2,Para.4)probablymeansthat

（

）.

5.Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesinceinfancythat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.

B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.

C.Theyweren’taccustomedtothechangeinweather.

D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hewantedtoconsolethetwofamilies

B.hewasanofficialfromthecommunity

C.hehadgreatsympathyforthedeceased

D.hewaspriestofthelocalchurch

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldn’tfindabetterwaytoexpresstheirgrief

B.theybelievethattheywereresponsible

C.theyhadneglectedthenaturalcourseofevents

D.theydidn’tknowthingsoftenturnoutintheoppositedirection

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.everythingintheworldispredetermined

B.theworldcanbeinterpretedindifferentways

C.there’sanexplanationforeverythingintheworld

D.wehavetobesensibleinordertounderstandtheworld

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.everybodyisattheircommand

B.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmystery

C.everystoryshouldhaveahappyending

D.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段的OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife(那是在一月，我連著為兩位年邁的老人主持葬禮,正如圣經(jīng)中所說，這兩位老人都是在經(jīng)歷了漫長和完整的人生之后的身體正常耗盡)可知選項(xiàng)A“兩位老人終其天年”與文章意思相符。

2.判斷推理題。題目是問“作者需要為兩位老人辦理喪事的原因有可能是什么。選項(xiàng)A:因?yàn)樽髡呦氚参窟@兩個(gè)家，B:因?yàn)樽髡呤悄莻€(gè)社區(qū)的公務(wù)人員，C:因?yàn)樽髡邔?duì)死者懷有無限同情和D:因?yàn)樽髡呤钱?dāng)?shù)亟烫玫哪翈?，并且根?jù)原文Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”as...中的關(guān)鍵詞officiate“主持宗教儀式”和onsuccessivedays“連續(xù)”可知極有可能的原因是選項(xiàng)D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirloved定位至第三段:Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.,而后面緊接著說到原因:Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter(當(dāng)他們的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃引起了壞的結(jié)果時(shí)，他們就會(huì)相信如果當(dāng)初采取不同的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，如將母親留在家里以及將計(jì)劃延期，那么結(jié)果就會(huì)好很多)，由此可知人們通常會(huì)對(duì)至親的去世感到內(nèi)疚是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為自己對(duì)于至親的去世負(fù)有貴任，即選項(xiàng)B。

4.語義題。第四段主要是對(duì)我們常常會(huì)感到自責(zé)的原因之一的介紹，根據(jù)這—段中的Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.“一方面是因?yàn)槲覀兎浅Ｏ嘈攀澜缱杂衅涞览?，也就是說世間的一切都有某發(fā)生存在的原因”可知theworldmakessense意思是世間的一切都有其發(fā)生存在的原因，故答案選項(xiàng)為C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.“通常，我們都沒有從那個(gè)嬰兒時(shí)期形成的觀念中擺