考研考博-英語-宜春學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宜春學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

—Doyouregretpaying500dollarsforyournecklace?

—No.Iwouldgladlypay（）forit.

問題1選項

A.twotimesasmuch

B.twiceasmany

C.twiceasmuch

D.astwiceasmuch

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你后悔花500美元買這條項鏈嗎？不！即使價格再貴一倍，我也會愿意買。

語法題。考查倍數(shù)。倍數(shù)比較的表達(dá)為:倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+as?！皟杀丁睉?yīng)該用“twice”。句中的比較級是修飾“錢”,因此形容詞應(yīng)該用“much”。

2.單選題

ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity_______shockandangerthroughouttheworld.

問題1選項

A.tempted

B.provoked

C.summoned

D.enveloped

【答案】B

【解析】tempted引誘,誘導(dǎo);provoked激起,引起;summoned傳喚,召集;enveloped包圍,包封,遮蓋。句意：紐約雙子塔的毀壞在全世界引起了震驚和憤怒。選項B符合句意。

3.單選題

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluent(富裕的)SocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeservingrich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedUtopian(烏托邦式的)possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity(肥胖癥).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

問題1選項

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

問題2選項

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

問題3選項

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.Healthcareandeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

問題4選項

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

問題5選項

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith（為什么越來越多的財富不能帶來越來越多的幸福呢？這個問題至少可以追溯到1958年約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯出版的《富裕社會》），說明約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在《富裕社會》一書中提出了為什么財富不能帶來幸福的問題。因此B選項“為什么富裕并不能保證幸福”正確。A選項“為什么統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)不能說明經(jīng)濟(jì)的真相”，C選項“今天如何能促進(jìn)幸?！保珼選項“經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮的背后是什么”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.（在加爾布雷斯看來，物質(zhì)主義太盛行，會滋生不滿情緒。），說明加爾布雷斯認(rèn)為人們感覺不滿意的原因是物質(zhì)主義的肆虐。因此D選項“物質(zhì)主義在現(xiàn)代社會肆意橫行”正確。A選項“公共開支沒有像預(yù)期的那樣被削減”，B選項“政府已被證明是一種必要的罪惡”不是加爾布雷斯認(rèn)為人們不滿的觀點(diǎn)，所以A,B錯誤。C選項“他們對另一次大蕭條心存恐懼”，由原文可知，現(xiàn)代社會的美國已經(jīng)消除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的不幸：貧窮、疾病和寒冷，對經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的恐懼不會成為他們不滿的原因，所以C錯誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants（人們感覺“財政緊張”，因為增長的收入滿足不了他們越來越多的需求），說明物質(zhì)追求超出了人們的收入。因此A選項“他們的物質(zhì)追求已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了他們的收入”正確。B選項“他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降”，C選項“財富的分配在富人和窮人之間是不平衡的”，D選項“衛(wèi)生保健和教育費(fèi)用在某種程度上已經(jīng)失去了控制”在文中均沒有提及，所以B,C,D錯誤。

4.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“thedisposableAmerican”可以定位到文章第五段Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.（人們把工作的穩(wěn)定性看作是他們生活水平的一部分。隨著企業(yè)裁員的增加，這部分已經(jīng)被侵蝕。路易斯?烏奇捷利在他的同名書中寫道，越來越多的工人認(rèn)為自己變成了“被遺棄的美國人”。），說明人們把工作穩(wěn)定當(dāng)作生活水平的一部分，而被解雇的人越多，這種工作安全感也就削弱了，“被遺棄的美國人”在文中是指“沒有穩(wěn)定工作的工人”。因此D選項“不再有穩(wěn)定工作的工人”正確。A選項“那些把工作的穩(wěn)定性看作是他們生活水平的一部分的人”，B選項“因富裕而產(chǎn)生烏托邦思想的人”，C選項“在美國政治中沒有什么發(fā)言權(quán)的人”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第七段第二句Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.（但是，對增長的追求導(dǎo)致了新的焦慮和經(jīng)濟(jì)沖突，擾亂了社會秩序。），說明追求富裕可能帶來新的焦慮和經(jīng)濟(jì)沖突。因此C選項“新的沖突和抱怨”正確。A選項“重新獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)保障”，B選項“一種自我實現(xiàn)的感覺”，D選項“痛苦和反社會行為”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,D錯誤。

4.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.

Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminateD.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyusingthewordeventuallyinPara.1?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof___.

4.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEXCEPT___.

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

問題1選項

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

問題2選項

A.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid

B.Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”

C.Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians

D.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet

問題3選項

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問題4選項

A.tousereligiousthemes

B.toportrayonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.toproduceartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.tocreateworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問題5選項

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章尾段第一句“ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.”，中文翻譯為：歐洲音樂復(fù)興與其說是一套特定的音樂技巧，不如說是一場普遍的文化運(yùn)動和一種精神狀態(tài)?？梢耘袛郈選項“歐洲文藝復(fù)興是一種包括音樂風(fēng)格變化在內(nèi)的文化發(fā)展。”正確。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵字“eventually”可以定位到原文第一段“Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.”，中文翻譯為：1855年，歷史學(xué)家朱爾斯?米歇萊(JulesMichelet)在他的《法國歷史》中首次使用了這個詞，隨后被文化歷史學(xué)家、藝術(shù)歷史學(xué)家和音樂歷史學(xué)家采用，所有這些歷史學(xué)家都在1450-1600年的150年間將其應(yīng)用于歐洲文化。關(guān)鍵詞“eventually”意為“最后；終于”因此可知A選項：音樂歷史學(xué)家在其他歷史學(xué)家之后才使用“文藝復(fù)興”這個詞正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“thatthinkersoftheRenaissance”可定位到原文第一段“Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.”，中文翻譯為：對這些學(xué)者來說，這意味著回歸人類，而不是靈魂價值。判斷C選項“對人類價值的文化強(qiáng)調(diào)”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A選項“使用宗教主題”，C選項“創(chuàng)作出人們會覺得有吸引力的藝術(shù)作品”以及D選項“創(chuàng)作容易理解的作品”可定位到原文第二段“Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.”，中文翻譯為：藝術(shù)家和作家現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向世俗和宗教題材，力求使他們的作品易于理解和吸引人?？芍狟選項“只描繪人類經(jīng)歷中令人愉快的部分”未提及，符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文尾段“Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.”，中文翻譯為：此外，音樂在這一個半世紀(jì)里變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國家以不同的速度變化——我們不能定義一個單一的文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格。判斷出D選項“在文藝復(fù)興時期，音樂從未長時間保持不變?！闭_。

5.單選題

AnewstudyfromtheCenterforInformationandResearchonCivicLearningandEngagement(CIRCLE)atTuftsUniversityshowsthattoday'syouthvoteinlargernumbersthanpreviousgenerations,anda2008studyfromtheCenterforAmericanProgressaddsthatincreasingnumbersofyoungvotersandactivistssupporttraditionallyliberalcauses.Butthere’snoeasywaytoseewhatthosefiguresmeaninreallife.Duringthepresidentialcampaign,BarackObamaassembledaraciallyandideologicallydiversecoalitionwithhismessageofhopeandchange;astherealityoflifeunderanewadministrationsettlesin,someofthosesupportersmightbecomedisillusioned.AsthenationmovesfurtherintotheObamapresidency,willpoliticallyengagedyoungpeoplecontinuetosupportthepresidentandhisagenda,orwilltheygraduallydriftaway?

ThewritersofGenerationO(shortforObama),anewNewsweekblogthatseekstochroniclethelivesofagroupofyoungObamasupporters,wanttoanswerthatquestion.Forthenextthreemonths,MichelleKremerand11otherObamasupporters,ages19to34,willblogaboutlifeacrossmainstreamAmerica,withonetwist:bytyingalloftheirideasandexperiencestothenewpresidentandhisadministration,thebloggerswilltrytostartaconversationaboutwhatitmeanstobeyoungandpoliticallyactiveinAmericatoday.MalenaAmusa,a24-year-oldwriteranddancerfromSt.Louisseestheprojectasawaytopreservehistoryasithappens.Amusa,whoistravelingtoIndiathisspringtofinishabook,thentoSenegaltoteachEnglish,hasongoingconversationswithherfriendsabouthowtheObamapresidencyhaschangedtheirdailylivesandhopestoputsomeofthoseideas,alongwithherglobalperspective,intoherposts.She’sexcitedbecause,assheputsit,“Idon'thavetowaituntil15yearsfromnow”tomakesenseoftheworld.

HenryFlores,apolitical-scienceprofessoratSt.Mary’sUniversity,creditsthisyoungergeneration’spoliticalstrengthtotheirembraceoftechnology.“TheInternetexposesthemtomorethinking,”hesays,“andgroupsthatarelike-mindedindifferentpartsofthecountrystarttocometogether.”That’sexactlywhattheGenerationObloggersarehopingtodo.Theresultcouldbeagroupofyoungpeoplethat,liketheirboomer(二戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的美國人)parents,growsupwithastrongsenseofpurposeandshedstheimageofapathy(冷漠)they’veinheritedfromGenerationX(60年代后期和70年代出生的美國人).It’snosmallchallengeforablogrunbyagroupofordinary—ifambitious—youngpeople,butthemembersofGenerationOareuptothetask.

46.WhatisthefindingofanewstudybyCIRCLE?

47.WhatisamainconcernofthewritersofGenerationO?

48.WhatwilltheGenerationObloggerswriteaboutintheirposts?

49.Whataccountsfortheyoungergeneration’spoliticalstrengthaccordingtoProfessorHenryFlores?

50.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutGenerationX?

問題1選項

A.Moreyoungvotersaregoingtothepollsthanbefore.

B.Theyounggenerationsupportstraditionallyliberalcauses.

C.YoungvotersplayedadecisiveroleinObama’selection.

D.YoungpeopleinAmericaarenowmorediverseideologically.

問題2選項

A.HowObamaisgoingtoliveuptoyoungpeople’sexpectations.

B.WhetherAmericaisgoingtochangeduringObama’spresidency.

C.WhetheryoungpeoplewillcontinuetosupportObama’spolicy.

D.HowObama'sagendaisgoingtoaffectthelifeofAmericans.

問題3選項

A.TheirowninterpretationofAmericanpolitics.

B.PolicychangestotakeplaceinObama’sadministration.

C.Obama’spresidencyviewedfromaglobalperspective.

D.TheirlivesinrelationtoObama’spresidency.

問題4選項

A.Theirembraceofradicalideas.

B.TheirdesiretochangeAmerica.

C.TheirutilizationoftheInternet.

D.Theirstrongsenseofresponsibility.

問題5選項

A.Theyarepoliticallyconservative.

B.Theyrejectconventionalvalues.

C.Theydaretotakeupchallenges.

D.Theyareindifferenttopolitics.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】46.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…showsthattoday'syouthvoteinlargernumbersthanpreviousgenerations,anda2008studyfromtheCenterforAmericanProgressaddsthatincreasingnumbersofyoungvotersandactivistssupporttraditionallyliberalcauses.”，可知CIRCLE的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越多的年輕選民和活動人士支持傳統(tǒng)的自由主義事業(yè)?？膳袛喑鰠⒓油镀钡哪贻p選民比以往更多。選項A符合題意。

47.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“AsthenationmovesfurtherintotheObamapresidency,willpoliticallyengagedyoungpeoplecontinuetosupportthepresidentandhisagenda,orwilltheygraduallydriftaway?”，可知隨著美國進(jìn)一步進(jìn)入奧巴馬的總統(tǒng)任期，參與政治的年輕人是否會繼續(xù)支持總統(tǒng)和他的議程，這是個問題。緊接著第二段第一句提到《新聞周刊》新開的博客“O一代”想要回答這個問題。可判斷出“O一代”主要思考的問題是年輕人是否會繼續(xù)支持奧巴馬的政策。選項C符合題意。

48.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“ThewritersofGenerationO(shortforObama),anewNewsweekblogthatseekstochroniclethelivesofagroupofyoungObamasupporters”，可知《新聞周刊》新開的博客O一代旨在記錄一群年輕的奧巴馬支持者的生活。可判斷出他們將會把奧巴馬執(zhí)政期間年輕人的生活記錄其中。選項D符合題意。

49.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…creditsthisyoungergeneration’spoliticalstrengthtotheirembraceoftechnology.‘TheInternetexposesthemtomorethinking,’hesays…”，可知Henry把年輕一代的政治力量歸功于他們對科技的擁抱，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓他們有更多的思考機(jī)會。可判斷出年輕一代的政治力量來自于他們對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的運(yùn)用。選項C符合題意。

50.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…growsupwithastrongsenseofpurposeandshedstheimageofapathythey’veinheritedfromGenerationX.”，可知他們帶著強(qiáng)烈的使命感長大，擺脫了他們從X一代那里繼承來的冷漠形象?？膳袛喑鯴一代對待政治是漠不關(guān)心的冷漠的態(tài)度。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

You’llhavetochangeyour（

）oflifenowthatyouhavegotababy.

問題1選項

A.form

B.mold

C.mood

D.mode

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。form意為“形狀，形式”；mold意為“模型，壓?！?；mood意為“心情”；mode意為“方式，風(fēng)格，樣式”。由changeyour____oflife（改變你的生活____）可知D選項最符合邏輯，modeoflife表示“生活方式”。

句意：既然你有了孩子，你就必須改變你的生活方式。

7.單選題

Hewaseasilyhurtbecausehisfeelingswerevery（）.

問題1選項

A.sensible

B.sensational

C.sensitive

D.senseless

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他很容易受傷，因為他很敏感。

考查形容詞辨析。sensible明智的；合乎情理的；能感覺到的;sensational轟動的；聳人聽聞的;sensitive敏感的；senseless愚蠢的;無意識的。根據(jù)前半句句意“他很容易受傷”可知C項符合句意。

8.單選題

Organisedvolunteeringandworkexperiencehaslongbeenavitalcompaniontouniversitydegreecourses.Usuallyitisleftto（1）todeducethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduate'sresume,（2）nowtheUniversityofBristolhaslaunchedanawardtoformalisetheachievementsofstudentswho（3）timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLuSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasingly（4）jobmarketbyhelpingthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside（5）qualifications.

"Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunch,butwefoundthattheydidn't（6）appreciatethevalueofwhattheydid（7）thelecturehall,"saysJeffGoodman,directorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity."Employersaremuchmore（8）thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor（9）andsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicant'sskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexplainwhythoseskillsare（10）tothejob."

Studentswhosign（11）fortheawardwillbeexpectedtocomplete50hoursofworkexperienceor（12）work,attendfourworkshopsonemploy-abilityskills,takepartinanintensiveskills-relatedactivity（13）,crucially,writeasummaryoftheskillstheyhavegained.（14）effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho（15）bestonthesportsfieldcantaketheSportingPLuSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlysportsaccomplishments.

Theexperiencedoesnothavetobe（16）organised."We'renotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskills,"saysGoodman."（17）,onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso（18）negotiationskills.Wetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividuallives."

Goodmanhopesthe（19）willenableactivestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-active（20）totakeupactivitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.

問題1選項

A.advisors

B.specialists

C.critics

D.employers

問題2選項

A.which

B.but

C.unless

D.since

問題3選項

A.divide

B.devote

C.deliver

D.donate

問題4選項

A.harmonious

B.competitive

C.resourceful

D.prosperous

問題5選項

A.artistic

B.technical

C.academic

D.interactive

問題6選項

A.dominantly

B.earnestly

C.necessarily

D.gracefully

問題7選項

A.outside

B.along

C.over

D.through

問題8選項

A.generous

B.considerate

C.enlightening

D.demanding

問題9選項

A.origin

B.initial

C.popularity

D.potential

問題10選項

A.relevant

B.responsive

C.reluctant

D.respective

問題11選項

A.out

B.off

C.away

D.up

問題12選項

A.casual

B.elective

C.domestic

D.voluntary

問題13選項

A.or

B.thus

C.so

D.and

問題14選項

A.Occasional

B.Exceptional

C.Informative

D.Relative

問題15選項

A.perform

B.convey

C.circulate

D.formulate

問題16選項

A.roughly

B.randomly

C.formally

D.fortunately

問題17選項

A.Forinstance

B.Inessence

C.Incontrast

D.Ofcourse

問題18選項

A.demonstrated

B.determined

C.operated

D.involved

問題19選項

A.device

B.section

C.scheme

D.distraction

問題20選項

A.attendants

B.agents

C.members

D.peers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:A

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)上下文推斷，此處填選項D雇主最符合原文。

第2題:根據(jù)上句的Usually推斷，此處應(yīng)該是表轉(zhuǎn)折。

第3題:devotetimetodosth.花費(fèi)（投入）時間去做某事。

第4題:根據(jù)上文可推斷出就業(yè)市場是競爭激烈的，選項B符合原文。

第5題:academicqualifications學(xué)歷證書，為固定搭配。

第6題:根據(jù)句意：“我們的學(xué)生非?；钴S，但我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們并不一定欣賞課堂之外的活動”選項C更恰當(dāng)。

第7題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)上一段的“activitiesoutsidetheircourses”可推斷出，此處也應(yīng)該為outside。

第8題:根據(jù)句意：“雇主相對于過去來說要求更加苛刻?！边x項D正確。

第9題:根據(jù)第一段可知，雇主過去常常尋找潛力股，選項D符合原文。

第10題:relevantto與...相關(guān)，這里是解釋為什么技能與工作相關(guān)。

第11題:考查介詞搭配。signup指注冊，報名；這里指報名參加獎項的學(xué)生。signoff停止；signout退出；signaway不是固定搭配。

第12題:voluntarywork指志愿工作。

第13題:根據(jù)上下文可知，此處應(yīng)該為連詞and表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。

第14題:根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)指異常努力將獲得杰出成就獎。

第15題:performbest表現(xiàn)極好的。句意：那些在運(yùn)動場上表現(xiàn)最好的人可以獲得“運(yùn)動加分獎”。

第16題:根據(jù)句意：這種體驗不需要正式的組織，選項C更符合原文。

第17題:forinstance例如，比如。根據(jù)下文可知是對上一句的舉例說明，選項A正確。

第18題:根據(jù)上下文：“一名學(xué)生帶頭與一位難以相處的房東打交道，因此展現(xiàn)出了談判技巧。”選項A更恰當(dāng)。

第19題:根據(jù)上下文可知，此處應(yīng)用scheme更恰當(dāng)。句意：Goodman希望這項計劃能夠讓積極的學(xué)生填補(bǔ)他們的經(jīng)驗中的任何空白。

第20題:根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)該指同學(xué)。句意：并鼓勵不那么活躍的同學(xué)在學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域之外開展活動。

9.單選題

Theuseofdeferential（敬重的）languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewoman,whichdominatesconservativegendernormsinJapan.Thisidealpresentsawomanwhowithdrawsquietlytothebackground,subordinatingherlifeandneedstothoseofherfamilyanditsmalehead.Sheisadutifuldaughter,wife,andmother,masterofthedomesticarts.ThetypicalrefinedJapanesewomanexcelsinmodestyanddelicacy;she“treadssoftly（謹(jǐn)言慎行）intheworld,”elevatingfemininebeautyandgracetoanartform.

Nowadays,itiscommonlyobservedthatyoungwomenarenotconformingtothefemininelinguistic（語言的）ideal.Theyareusingfeweroftheverydeferential“women’s”forms,andevenusingthefewstrongformsthatareknownas“men’s.”This,ofcourse,attractsconsiderableattentionandhasledtoanoutcryintheJapanesemediaagainstthedefeminizationofwomen’slanguage.Indeed,wedidn'thearabout“men’slanguage’，untilpeoplebegantorespondtogirls'appropriationofformsnormallyreservedforboysandmen.Thereisconsiderablesentimentaboutthe“corruption”ofwomen’slanguage---whichofcourseisviewedaspartofthelossoffeminineidealsandmorality-andthissentimentiscrystallizedbynationwideopinionpollsthatareregularlycarriedoutbythemedia.

YoshikoMatsumotohasarguedthatyoungwomenprobablyneverusedasmanyofthehighlydeferentialformsasolderwomen.Thishighlypolitestyleisnodoubtsomethingthatyoungwomenhavebeenexpectedto“growinto”—afterall,itisasignnotsimplyoffemininity,butofmaturityandrefinement,anditsusecouldbetakentoindicateachangeinthenatureofone'ssocialrelationsaswell.Onemightwellimaginelittlegirlsusingexceedinglypoliteformswhenplayinghouseorimitatingolderwomen—inafashionanalogoustolittlegirls’useofahigh-pitchedvoicetodo“teachertalk”or“mothertalk”inroleplay.

ThefactthatyoungJapanesewomenareusinglessdeferentiallanguageisasuresignofchange---ofsocialchangeandoflinguisticchange.Butitismostcertainlynotasignofthe“niasculization”ofgirls.Insomeinstances,itmaybeasignthatgirlsaremakingthesameclaimtoauthorityasboysandmen,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingthattheyaretryingtobe“masculine”.KatsueReynoldshasarguedthatgirlsnowadaysareusingmoreassertivelanguagestrategiesinordertobeabletocompetewithboysinschoolsandout.Socialchangealsobringsnotsimplydifferentpositionsforwomenandgirls,butdifferentrelationstolifestages,andadolescentgirlsareparticipatinginnewsubculturalforms.Thuswhatmay,toanolderspeaker,seemlike“masculine”speechmayseemtoanadolescentlike“l(fā)iberated”or“hip”speech.

1.Thefirstparagraphdescribesindetail（

）.

2.Whatchangehasbeenobservedintoday’syoungJapanesewomen?

3.Howdosomepeoplereacttowomen’sappropriationofmen’slanguageformsasreportedintheJapanesemedia?

4.AccordingtoYoshikoMatsumoto,thelinguisticbehaviorobservedintoday'syoungwomen

（

）.

5.TheauthorbelievesthattheuseofassertivelanguagebyyoungJapanesewomenis（

）.

問題1選項

A.thestandardssetforcontemporaryJapanesewomen

B.theConfucianinfluenceongendernormsinJapan

C.thestereotypedroleofwomeninJapanesefamilies

D.thenormsfortraditionalJapanesewomentofollow

問題2選項

A.Theypaylessattentiontotheirlinguisticbehavior.

B.Theusefewerofthedeferentiallinguisticforms.

C.Theyconfusemaleandfemaleformsoflanguage.

D.Theyemployverystronglinguisticexpressions.

問題3選項

A.Theycallforacampaigntostopthedefeminization.

B.Theseeitasanexpressionofwomen’ssentiment

C.Theyacceptitasamodemtrend.

D.Theyexpressstrongdisapproval.

問題4選項

A.mayleadtochangesinsocialrelations

B.hasbeentrueofallpastgenerations

C.isviewedasasignoftheirmaturity

D.isaresultofrapidsocialprogress

問題5選項

A.asuresignoftheirdefeminizationandmaturation

B.anindicationoftheirdefianceagainstsocialchange

C.oneoftheirstrategiestocompeteinamale-dominatedsociety

D.aninevitabletrendoflinguisticdevelopmentinJapantoday

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一句就點(diǎn)明主旨:Theuseofdeferential（敬重的）languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewo