考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門(mén)醫(yī)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門(mén)醫(yī)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

ItisverystrangebutIhadan（）thattheplanewouldcrash.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration啟發(fā)靈感的人（或事物）,靈感;intuition直覺(jué),直覺(jué)力；imagination想象力;incentive動(dòng)機(jī)。句意：這很奇怪,但是直覺(jué)告訴我這架飛機(jī)會(huì)墜毀。

2.單選題

Thereisno（）evidencethatpeoplecancontroltheirdreams,atleastinexperimentalsituationsinalab.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rigid

B.solid

C.smooth

D.harsh

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rigid“嚴(yán)格的”；B選項(xiàng)solid“可靠的”；C選項(xiàng)smooth“光滑的”；D選項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)酷的”。句意：沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)表明人們可以控制自己的夢(mèng)，至少在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的實(shí)驗(yàn)情況下是這樣。本句表示可靠確鑿的證據(jù)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Hewas（）forhisyearsofservicetothecompanywithagrandfarewellpartyandseveralpresents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.awarded

B.rewarded

C.warded

D.safeguarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。award“授予，判定”；reward“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞”；ward“避開(kāi)，保衛(wèi)，守護(hù)”；safeguard“保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)”。句意：他因數(shù)年對(duì)公司的貢獻(xiàn)而獲得獎(jiǎng)賞，公司為他舉行了一個(gè)隆重的歡送會(huì)還有幾樣禮物。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.填空題

Europe’ssocialservicesfaceachallengingtime.AngelaMerkelisfondofsayingthatEuropehas7%oftheworld’spopulation,25%ofitswealthand50%ofitswelfarespending.(66)

Thefirstchallengeistotapourcollectiveintelligence.Therearemanytoolsavailabletoinvolvemorepeopleinthedesignandimplementationofsocialcarepolicies,throughplatformssuchas.Attheirbest,thesedrawontheexperiencesandexpertiseofserviceusersandfrontlineworkerstohelpsolveproblems.Theyputpeopleatthecentreofdesigningsocialservices.

Thesecondchallengeistocommittoexperimentation.(67)Somegovernments,withFinlandandCanadaatthevanguard,areexploringalternativestotop-downnationalpolicies.They—alongwithScotlandandtheNetherlands—aretrialinginnovativeschemessuchasuniversalbasicincome,inthehopethattheywillfindasimpler,fairerwayofsupportingcitizenswithoutdiscouragingthemfrompaidemploymentorvoluntarywork.

Third,governmentsneedtomakethemostofdigitaltechnology.(68)

Fourth,governmentsneedtobesmarteraboutdata.(69)Somelocalauthoritiesareshowingwhatcanbedone.Hackneycouncil,forexample,isworkingwithXanthuratodevelopanartificialintelligencemodelthatcanidentifychildrenatincreasedriskofendingupinstatutorychildren’ssocialcare,sotheycangetbettersupport—improvinglivesandsavingmoney.

(70)India’sbiometricidentitycardAadhaarhastransformedaccesstofinancialservicesforpoorercommunities,butithasalsomadeitpossibleforthegovernmenttoofferloansdirecttocitizensthatcanberepaidthroughthetaxsystem.

A.We’reusedtotheintegrationoftechnologywitheverydayactivitiessuchasshopping,travelandtransport,butsimilarplatformscanalsobeusedforpublicservices.

B.Nooneknowswhatsocialcaremodelswillworkbestin10or20years’time—theonlywaytofindoutisbyexperimenting.

C.Aroundtheworldtherearemanyexamplesofevenmoreradicalchangethatprovethepublicsectorcaninnovatewherethere’sthewill.

D.Ifthecontinentistoavoidacontinuedperiodofstagnationandausterity,itwillneedtoexploremoreradicaloptions.

E.Dataisattheheartofprivatesectorbusinessmodels,butgovernmentsandNGOshavebeenmuchslowertorealisehowdatacanhelpthem.

F.Theseinnovationsallhaveasharedethos:aspiritoflearningbydoing,testingideasoutonasmallscaleandthenimprovingthem.

【答案】66.D

67.B

68.A

69.E

70.C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.We’reusedtotheintegrationoftechnologywitheverydayactivitiessuchasshopping,travelandtransport,butsimilarplatformscanalsobeusedforpublicservices.A.我們習(xí)慣于將技術(shù)與購(gòu)物、旅行和交通等日?；顒?dòng)相結(jié)合，但類(lèi)似的平臺(tái)也可用于公共服務(wù)。

B.Nooneknowswhatsocialcaremodelswillworkbestin10or20years’time—theonlywaytofindoutisbyexperimenting.B.沒(méi)有人知道在10年或20年后，什么樣的社會(huì)護(hù)理模式是最有效的，唯一的方法就是通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)。

C.Aroundtheworldtherearemanyexamplesofevenmoreradicalchangethatprovethepublicsectorcaninnovatewherethere’sthewill.C.在世界各地，有許多更激進(jìn)的變革的例子，證明公共部門(mén)可以在有意愿的地方進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。

D.Ifthecontinentistoavoidacontinuedperiodofstagnationandausterity,itwillneedtoexploremoreradicaloptions.D.如果大陸要避免持續(xù)的停滯和緊縮，它就需要探索更多的激進(jìn)選擇。

E.Dataisattheheartofprivatesectorbusinessmodels,butgovernmentsandNGOshavebeenmuchslowertorealisehowdatacanhelpthem.E.數(shù)據(jù)是私營(yíng)部門(mén)商業(yè)模式的核心，但政府和非政府組織在意識(shí)到數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助他們方面卻慢得多。

F.Theseinnovationsallhaveasharedethos:aspiritoflearningbydoing,testingideasoutonasmallscaleandthenimprovingthem.F.這些創(chuàng)新都有一個(gè)共同的精神：在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)的精神，在小范圍內(nèi)測(cè)試想法，然后改進(jìn)它們。

66.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)和詞匯銜接。

【解題思路】文章開(kāi)頭說(shuō)到“歐洲的社會(huì)服務(wù)面臨著挑戰(zhàn)（faceachallengingtime）?！?，下文分別介紹了面臨的具體挑戰(zhàn)和可以探索的措施，由此可知空格處應(yīng)該是對(duì)于這些挑戰(zhàn)和措施的總起句，同時(shí)D選項(xiàng)中的“continent（大陸）”與上文的“Europe（歐洲）”相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此D選項(xiàng)“如果大陸要避免持續(xù)的停滯和緊縮，它就需要探索更多的激進(jìn)選擇。”正確。

67.【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯銜接。

【解題思路】本段開(kāi)頭說(shuō)到“第二個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是致力于實(shí)驗(yàn)（experimentation）?！?，B選項(xiàng)中的“byexperimenting（通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)）”和上文的“experimentation（實(shí)驗(yàn)）”相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有人知道在10年或20年后，什么樣的社會(huì)護(hù)理模式是最有效的，唯一的方法就是通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)?！闭_。

68.【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯銜接。

【解題思路】本段開(kāi)頭說(shuō)到“政府需要充分利用數(shù)字技術(shù)（digitaltechnology）。”，A選項(xiàng)中的“technology（技術(shù)）”和上文的“數(shù)字技術(shù)（digitaltechnology）”相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此A選項(xiàng)“我們習(xí)慣于將技術(shù)與購(gòu)物、旅行和交通等日?；顒?dòng)相結(jié)合，但類(lèi)似的平臺(tái)也可用于公共服務(wù)?！闭_。

69.【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯銜接。

【解題思路】本段開(kāi)頭說(shuō)到“政府需要更聰明地處理數(shù)據(jù)（data）?！?，E選項(xiàng)中的“Data（數(shù)據(jù)）”和上文的“besmarteraboutdata（更聰明地處理數(shù)據(jù)）”相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此E選項(xiàng)“數(shù)據(jù)是私營(yíng)部門(mén)商業(yè)模式的核心，但政府和非政府組織在意識(shí)到數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助他們方面卻慢得多?！闭_。

70.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)。

【解題思路】上文介紹的是歐洲的情況，本段以位于歐洲之外的印度為例進(jìn)行論證，C選項(xiàng)中的“Aroundtheworldtherearemanyexamples（在世界各地，有許多例子）”與下文的“India（印度）”相對(duì)應(yīng)，起到了銜接作用。因此C選項(xiàng)“在世界各地，有許多更激進(jìn)的變革的例子，證明公共部門(mén)可以在有意愿的地方進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。”正確。

5.單選題

Alltheyearshehasbeen______betweenoptimismanddespair.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vibrating

B.swinging

C.fluctuating

D.waving

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vibrate“(使)振動(dòng)，顫動(dòng)，擺動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)swing“(使)擺動(dòng)，搖擺”，指意見(jiàn)、態(tài)度或感情的搖擺；C選項(xiàng)fluctuate“（價(jià)格或數(shù)量）波動(dòng)，漲落，起伏”；D選項(xiàng)wave“揮手，擺手”。根據(jù)betweenoptimismanddespair可知選B。句意：一年來(lái)她一直在樂(lè)觀和絕望之間搖擺。

6.單選題

Thequantumtheorystates（

）,aslight,isgivenoffandabsorbedindefiniteunitscalledquantaorphotons.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.energythat

B.thatitisenergy

C.itisenergy

D.thatenergy

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。states是謂語(yǔ)，后面接一個(gè)句子做賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句需要一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞that,另外賓語(yǔ)從句還缺少主語(yǔ)，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：量子理論認(rèn)為，能量，比如光，是以量子或光子的基本單位來(lái)釋放和吸收的。

7.單選題

Acomputerprogramcanprovideinformationinwaysthatforcestudentsto（）learninginsteadofbeingmerelyofknowledge.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shoreup/reservoirs

B.accedeto/consumers

C.participatein/recipients

D.compensatefor/custodians

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)及名詞辨析。shoreup“支持，支撐，加固”；reservoir“水庫(kù)，蓄水池”；accedeto“加入，同意，就任”；consumer“消費(fèi)者，用戶(hù)，顧客”；participatein“參與，參加”；recipient“接受者，受體”；compensatefor“賠償，補(bǔ)償”；custodian“管理人，監(jiān)護(hù)人”。句意：計(jì)算機(jī)程序可以通過(guò)迫使學(xué)生參與學(xué)習(xí)而非僅是知識(shí)接受者的方式來(lái)提供信息。因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.翻譯題

很多人認(rèn)為沒(méi)有兄弟姐妹的孩子很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢缘玫轿镔|(zhì)享受和別人的注意。但是想一想獨(dú)生子女沒(méi)有隱私父母總是感覺(jué)自己有權(quán)知道發(fā)生在他或她生活中的一切。身為獨(dú)生子女的第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是缺少某些優(yōu)勢(shì)，而這恰恰是有兄弟姐妹的孩子所擁有的。獨(dú)生子女無(wú)法因?yàn)槭虑槌鲥e(cuò)而責(zé)備兄弟姐妹，或是索要哥哥姐姐以前曾被給予的特權(quán)。此外，獨(dú)生子女也失去了兄弟姐妹的陪伴。結(jié)果就是孤獨(dú)，以及在日后的生活中交朋友也會(huì)遇到麻煩，因?yàn)樗麄儚奈磳W(xué)過(guò)與兄弟或姐妹相處。

【答案】Manypeoplebelievethatchildrenwithoutsiblingsareverylucky,becausetheyhaveaccesstohighermaterialcomfortandmoreattentions.However,singlechildren,generallyspeaking,arenotentitledtoprivacyrightbecauseparentsalwaysthinktheymustlearnaboutwhattheirchildrenhavemetanddone.Beingsinglechildren,theywillbelackofsomeadvantagesthatthosehavingsiblingspossess,suchasblamingsiblingsforhavingdonewrongandclaimingsomeprivilegeswhichelderbrothersorsistershaveaswellasbeingaccompaniedbythem.Asaresult,fortheyfeellonelyandhavenoexperiencesgettingalongwithsiblings,singlechildrenwillencounterdifficultyinmakingfriendsinthefuture.

9.單選題

Johnwasnotselected（）;hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：John并不是被（）選擇的；他被選來(lái)承擔(dān)這份工作是因?yàn)樗麚碛械墓ぷ鹘?jīng)驗(yàn)最豐富。

deliberately故意地，謹(jǐn)慎地，慎重地；alternatively非此即彼，二者擇一地；momentously重大地；arbitrarily隨意地，武斷地。D選項(xiàng)“隨意地”符合句意。

10.單選題

ThesculpturallegacythatnewUnitedStates______itscolonialpredecessorswasfarfromarichone,andinfact,in1776sculpturesasanartformwasstillinthehandsofartisansandcraftspeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inheritedfrom

B.inheritedin

C.adaptedto

D.adoptedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)inheritedfrom“從……繼承……”；B選項(xiàng)inheritedin非固定搭配；C選項(xiàng)adaptedto“適應(yīng)于”；D選項(xiàng)adoptedto“采用”。句意：新美洲從其殖民前輩那里______的雕塑遺產(chǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是豐富的，事實(shí)上，在1776年，雕塑作為一種藝術(shù)形式仍然在工匠和手藝人手中。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，A選項(xiàng)inheritedfrom“從……繼承……”搭配legacy“遺產(chǎn)”比較合理，意指從先輩那里繼承的雕塑藝術(shù)遺產(chǎn)，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

TheChinesepresenceinthecoloniesstirredmanyAustraliananxieties.AustraliancolonistslikedtothinkofthemselvesasBritish,buttheybegantoseetheywereBritishinstrangegeo-politicalsurroundings.TheysuspectedAustraliamightbeonagreatChinesefloodplain.ItwasclearlywellwithinreachofChineseinfluence.California,anothergoldrushsociety,hadalsoexperiencedasubstantialinfluxofChinese.TherealizationgrewthatAustraliashouldnotlookjusttoBritain.ItsharedstrategicinterestswithotherwhitecommunitiesinthePacific,especiallywithAmerica.Butthepacificwasacontestedocean.Fromthe1880s,itwasincreasinglyapparentthatChinaandJapanwerealsonearbyPacificnations.

(1)ThepresenceofsomanyChineseintensifieddebateonthepotentialcharacterofAustraliansociety.Potentconcernshaddevelopedaboutcivicvaluesingoldrushcommunities,concernsaggravatedbyAustralia'sconvictorigins.Goldwasaseductive,richlymythologizedsubstance.ItsdiscoveryintheAustraliancoloniespublicizedtheirpotentialmorethananythingelsehadyetdone.Goldattractedayoung,cosmopolitan,ambitious,predominantlywhitemalepopulation,oftenimbuedwithadvanceddemocraticviews.YetasDavidGoodmanhasshown,thisinfluxstirredanxietiesaboutthemoralstabilityofthesegold-seekingcommunities.Agold-obsessedsocietyappearedapoorfoundationforastableculturedsociety.Manysocialcommentatorsfoundtheprospectthatworkingmencouldgainsuddenwealthinthiswayverydisturbing.Wouldpeoplestillvalueachievementswroughtbysteadylabourandindustrioushabits?Whatwouldhappentomoralvalues?(2)Therewasanothermoredisturbingthought.IfAustraliacouldproduceonlytheserough,uncivilizedcommunities,mightitnotlosethemoralauthoritybywhichAustralians,claimingtherightsofasuperiorculture,soughtexclusiveaccesstothecontinent?WereAustraliansstillworthyoftheirimmenseopportunities?

QuestionsoftenureandentitlementwereintensifiedbythedispossessionoftheAustralianAborigines.OneofthemainjustificationsusedatthattimefortakingoverAboriginallandcamefromthebeliefthattheywereaprimitive,nomadicpeoplewithnofixedsettlementsorhabitsofagriculture.Itwasthoughtthattheydidnotvaluetheirlandandhadnocapacitytodevelopit(3)Oneofthetroublingparadoxesofgoldseekingpopulationswasthattheyalsowereahighlymobilewanderingtribe,insomewayssimilartotheAboriginestheysoughttodisplace.AnxietiesaboutthecontinuityofwhitesettlementinAustraliaintensifiedimpulsestovilifyAboriginesandtokeepAsiansout.Themajorquestionrevolvedaroundentitlementtotheland.(4)Inthebluntlanguageofthelatenineteenthcentury,ifwhitehadreplacedblackbecauseblackwasnotdevelopingthecontinent,whyshouldyellownotreplacewhiteonpreciselythesamegrounds?IfEuropeancommunitiesinAustraliawerenotseentobecivilizedandproductive,thecaseforsoletenureofAustraliabywhitesmightbeseriouslyweakened.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）這么多中國(guó)人的出現(xiàn)加劇了這場(chǎng)關(guān)于澳大利亞社會(huì)潛在性格的爭(zhēng)論。淘金社區(qū)的公民價(jià)值觀引起了人們強(qiáng)烈的關(guān)注,這種關(guān)注又因澳大利亞人原本就是罪犯的后裔而變得更為嚴(yán)重。黃金是一種充滿(mǎn)誘惑而又富有神話色彩的物質(zhì)。

（2）還有另一種更令人不安的思想。如果澳大利亞只能形成這些粗俗而又不文明的社區(qū),那么對(duì)于聲稱(chēng)享有優(yōu)等文化權(quán)利的澳大利亞人來(lái)說(shuō),難道不會(huì)丟失他們建立在找到通往澳洲大陸的獨(dú)有途徑上的那份道德權(quán)威嗎？澳大利亞人仍然值得擁有巨大的機(jī)遇嗎？

（3）淘金社區(qū)的人們有一個(gè)令人煩惱的悖論,即他們也是高度漂移的部落,這在某些方面類(lèi)似于他們?cè)噲D取代的土著居民。因?yàn)閾?dān)憂白人殖民者在澳大利亞定居的連續(xù)性,促使他們對(duì)土著居民進(jìn)行誹謗和驅(qū)逐亞洲人。

（4）用十九世紀(jì)末生硬的語(yǔ)言來(lái)講,如果白人取代黑人是因?yàn)楹谌藳](méi)有發(fā)展澳洲大陸,那么為什么依據(jù)同樣的理由黃色人就不應(yīng)該去取代白人呢？如果在澳大利亞的歐洲社區(qū)不被看作是文明并富有成效的,完全由白人統(tǒng)治澳大利亞的狀況就有可能被嚴(yán)重削弱。

12.單選題

Assoonasweenteredthehouse,wefeltanintangiblesenseofgloomandhopelessness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.untouchable

B.unconscious

C.imponderable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞intangible意為“無(wú)形的，觸摸不到的；難以理解的”；A選項(xiàng)“untouchable”意為“達(dá)不到的；不可批評(píng)的；不可捉摸的”；B選項(xiàng)“unconscious”意為“無(wú)意識(shí)的；失去知覺(jué)的；不省人事的；未發(fā)覺(jué)的”；C選項(xiàng)“imponderable”意為“無(wú)重量的；無(wú)法計(jì)算的”；D選項(xiàng)“unjustifiable”意為“不合道理的；不能分辯的；辯護(hù)不了的”。句意：我們一走進(jìn)房子，就感到一種難以言喻的陰郁和絕望。由題干可知，senseofgloomandhopelessness（憂郁和絕望的感覺(jué)）是無(wú)法觸摸的，所以可以推測(cè)出intangible在此處最可能是“觸摸不到的”的意思，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中untouchable具有“不可捉摸的”的意思，與此相近。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness（）leftuntreated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.after

B.if

C.since

D.unless

【答案】B

【解析】考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，如果從句和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，則從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞可以一同省略，此句省略了theillnessis。句意：這種疾病如果不加以治療，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致完全失明。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filledpain-freelifeequalstohappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappinessthenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.

Asaresult,manypeopleavoidtheveryattemptsthatarethesourceoftruehappiness.Theyfearthepaininevitablybroughtbysuchthingsasmarriage,raisingchildren,professionalachievement,religiouscommitment,andself-improvement.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment,forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,excitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.

Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon'tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenwillneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowinguporofplayingwithagrandchild.

Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizations.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyinganewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,abachelorresistsmarriagechieflybecause.

2.Raisingchildren,intheauthor’sopinion,is.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthatenvysometimesstemsfrom.

4.Tounderstandwhattruehappinessis,onemust.

5.Whatistheauthortryingtotellus?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.heisreluctanttotakeonfamilyresponsibilities

B.hebelievesthatlifewillbemorecheerfultoremainsingle

C.hefindsmorefunindatingthaninmarriage

D.hefearsitwillputanendtoallhisfunadventureandexcitement

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.amoralduty

B.arewardingtask

C.athanklessjob

D.asourceofinevitablepain

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hatred

B.misunderstanding

C.prejudice

D.ignorance

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.haveasmuchfunaspossibleduringone’slifetime

B.makeeveryefforttoliberateoneselffrompain

C.putupwithpainunderallcircumstances

D.beabletodistinguishhappinessfromfun

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.iItispainthatleadstohappiness

B.Onemustknowhowtoattainhappiness

C.Itisimportanttomakecommitments

D.Happinessoftengoeshandinhandwithpain

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第三段最后兩句提到單身生活充滿(mǎn)著樂(lè)趣、冒險(xiǎn)以及興奮，而婚姻雖然偶爾也會(huì)有這些，但是不再是主要的特征（Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,excitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures），由此可知在他們看來(lái)，婚姻會(huì)影響他們的精彩生活，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第四段提到?jīng)]有孩子的夫妻無(wú)法感受到那種看著自己孩子慢慢長(zhǎng)大的喜悅感（Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenwillneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowinguporofplayingwithagrandchild），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章最后一段最后一句話提到它把我們從嫉妒中解放出來(lái)，我們現(xiàn)在能夠理解那些玩得開(kāi)心的人實(shí)際上可能并不幸福（Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall），由此推測(cè)出之所以會(huì)嫉妒是因?yàn)檎`解：以為那些看起來(lái)開(kāi)心的人是真的幸福，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一段第一句話提到理解并且接受真正的幸福與樂(lè)趣無(wú)關(guān)是最自由的認(rèn)識(shí)之一(Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizations)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。在作者看來(lái)，幸福與痛苦是分不開(kāi)的，并不是完全沒(méi)有痛苦的人生就是幸福的人生（Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filledpain-freelifeequalstohappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

Itwouldbewrong（）thatfactor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tonotconsider

B.nottoconsider

C.toconsidernot

D.tobeconsidering

【答案】B

【解析】考查不定式的否定形式。由于不定式的否定形式為not+to+動(dòng)原，所以選項(xiàng)A、C、D均錯(cuò)誤，B選項(xiàng)正確。句意：不考慮那個(gè)因素將是錯(cuò)誤的。

16.翻譯題

Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispartwith5sentencesunderlined.YouarerequiredtotranslatethosesentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.ReadthefollowingshortpassagescarefullyandONLYtranslatethe5sentencesthatareunderlined.

(1)ElNinoisanintermittentdisruptionoftheclimatesystemcenteredintheequatorialPacificthathaseffectsonshort-termclimatearoundthePacificbasin.

TounderstandElNino,itisnecessarytounderstandthenormaltrade-windsysteminthetropicalPacific.(2)Thesunheatstheequatorialregionsmorestronglythantherestoftheglobe,soairtendstorisefromthesurfacethere,replacedbyinflowfromthesubtropics.TheCoriolisEffectturnstheseinflowstotherightinthenorthernhemisphereandtotheleftinthesouthern,resultinginthegreattrade-windbeltsthatblowequatorwardandwestwardoverthewidthofthetropicalPacific.(3)Intheocean,thesewindstendtopushthesurfacewatertowardsthewest,sosealevelatIndonesiaisabout50cmhigherthanattheSouthAmericancoast,whichgivesanideaofthepowerandsteadinessofthetradewinds.Assurfacewaterispushedwest,coolersubsurfacewaterisdrawnuptothesurfaceintheeasternequatorialPacific.Thisupwelledwaterisnutrientrich,andsupportsalargepopulationofmarineandbirdlife,aswellasanimportantfisheryoffthecoastofPeruandEcuador.(4)Then,duringitsjourneywest,surfacewaterisheatedbythesuntotemperaturesofabout29℃overahugeareawestofthedateline,knownasthewestPacificwarmpool,wheretheoceanisroughly6℃higherthanwhenthewatercametothesurfaceintheeast.Thisairisalsoveryhumidduetoitslongpassageoverthetropicalocean,andwhenitrisesinthewestheavyprecipitinisproducedoverIndonesiaandSoutheastAsia.

Thewarmpoolisoneofthemajordrivingforcesofworldclimate.Itswarmthstrengthenstherisingmotioninthewestandtherebyreinforcesthewestwardwindsofthetradewindsystem.(5)Therising,moisture-ladenairpumpsheatandwatervaporintotheupperatmosphere,whereitcanbecarriedgreatdistances.Thehugesourceofheathelpssetthepathofthejetstreamsthatcontroltemperate-zoneweather,muchasalargerockinastreamdeterminesthepatternofwaterflow,includingwaverymotionsthatextendwelldownstreamoftherock.Therefore,whenthewarmpoolchangesshapeorposition,theeffectsrippleoutwardtoaffectmuchoftheworld’sweather.

【答案】1.厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象是一種以赤道太平洋為中心的氣候系統(tǒng)的間歇性中斷，對(duì)太平洋盆地周?chē)亩唐跉夂虍a(chǎn)生影響。

2.太陽(yáng)對(duì)赤道地區(qū)的加熱要比地球上其他地區(qū)強(qiáng)烈得多，所以那里的空氣往往會(huì)從表面上升，取而代之的是來(lái)自亞熱帶的流入。

3.在海洋中，這些風(fēng)傾向于將表層海水推向西部，因此印度尼西亞的海平面比南美洲海岸高出約50厘米，這讓我們了解了信風(fēng)的力量和穩(wěn)定性。

4.然后，在它向西航行的過(guò)程中，地表水在一個(gè)巨大的國(guó)際日期變更線以西的區(qū)域被太陽(yáng)加熱到約29攝氏度，這片區(qū)域被稱(chēng)為西太平洋暖池，那里的海洋溫度比海水到達(dá)東方表面時(shí)大約高出6攝氏度。

5.上升的充滿(mǎn)水分的空氣將熱量和水蒸氣抽到高層大氣中，在那里它們可以被帶去很遠(yuǎn)的地方。

17.單選題

Theworld-famousBritishMuseumwhichhousesa(n)（

）collectionofvaluablebooks,paintings,worksofarts,etc.attractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.immersible

B.miscellaneous

C.overwhelming

D.unified

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。immersible“可浸入的”；miscellaneous“混雜的，各種各樣的”；overwhelming“巨大的，壓倒性的”；unified“統(tǒng)一的”。句意：世界著名的大英博物館收藏了大量有價(jià)值的書(shū)籍、畫(huà)作及藝術(shù)作品，每年吸引了上百萬(wàn)游客。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

Youmayhaveseenthiswhenyoutriedtoopenanewbankorcreditcardaccountandyouwerepresentedwithsomemultiplechoicequestionsaskingyoutoverifywhereyougotyour（

）orcarloan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complication

B.revenue

C.mortgage

D.chasm

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥；混亂；復(fù)雜化”；B選項(xiàng)revenue“稅收收入；收益”；C選項(xiàng)mortgage“抵押；按揭”；D選項(xiàng)chasm“峽谷；分歧”。句意：當(dāng)你嘗試開(kāi)立一個(gè)新的銀行或信用卡賬戶(hù)時(shí)，你可能已經(jīng)看到了這一點(diǎn)。你會(huì)被問(wèn)到一些選擇題，要求核實(shí)你的汽車(chē)貸款或……是從哪里來(lái)的。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.問(wèn)答題

Identityisabouthowwedefinewhoweare.Literally,bothidentityandtheselfmean“thesameas”.Inculturaltheoryidentityisusedtodescribetheconsciousnessofselffoundinthemodernindividual.Themodernselfisunderstoodtobeautonomousandself-critical.TheGermanphilosopherG.W.F.Hegelsawindividualism,therighttocriticismandautonomyofactionasthethreemaincharacteristicsofmodernsubjectivity.Thisself-reflexiveaspectofidentitymeansthat,inthemodernage,identityisunderstoodtobeaproject.Itisnotfixed.Theautobiographicalthinkingthatcharacterizesmodernidentitycreatesacoherentsenseofapastidentity,butthatidentityhastobesustainedinthepresentandremadeinthefuture.Theconstantremakingofidentityrevealsthatthesenseofselfistosomeextentanillusion,becausethemakingoftheselfrequiresaconstantinteractionwiththenot-selfornon-identity:theexternalworld.

InmodemWesternsocieties,certainidentitieshavebeenprivilegedoverothers.Menhavebeenprivilegedoverwomen.WhiteEuropeanshavebeenprivilegedovernon-whites.Certainmodesofsexualbehaviorhavedefinednormalagainstdeviantsexualidentities.“Identitypolitics”isthetermusedtodescribetheemergenceintothepoliticalarenaofidentitiesotherthanthoseofwhite,European,heterosexualmen.TheassertionofalternativeidentitieshasfollowedanumberofdifferentstrategieswhichJonathanDollimoredividesintofourtypesof“reversediscourses”:(1)theassertionofapositiveidentityasnormalandnaturalasthedominant“norm”;(2)theassertionofanegativeidentity,whichisabnormal,butcanbeexplainedandassimilatedbyrecoursetolegitimating(forexample,medicalorscientific)discourses;(3)theassertionofadifferentidentityasmorenaturalandnormalthanthedominantnorm;(4)thestrategyoftransgression,wheretheverycategoriesthatdefinewhatisnormalandabnormalaresubverted.Thefirstofthesefourcanbedescribedasessentialiststrategies.Theyassertoppositionalidentityasessentiallyunchangeable.Anexamplewouldbetheculturalmovementknownas“negritude”whichemergedattheendoftheFrenchEmpire.Oneofitsleadingproponents,LeopoldSenghorarguedthatAfricancultureis“moresensitivetotheexternalworld,tothematerialaspectofbeingsandthings”.However,theresultofsuchstrategiesisoftenanti-essentialist.AnassertiveAfricanculturewillinfactchangethenatureofbothAfricanandEuropeanidentities.Thefourthreversediscourseisexplicitlyanti-essentialist.Identityisunderstoodtobeperformative,notbasedonanyessentialcharacteristics,butratherisaperformancebasedonculturalexpectations.Dollimore’sexampleofananti-essentialistidentityisOscarWilde,whofamouslyarguedfortheprimacyofcultureinhisstatementthat“l(fā)ifeimitatesart”.

Oneofthemostinterestingdevelopmentsinidentitypoliticsemergingfromthisinsighthasbeenqueerpolitics.Thishasdevelopedfromlesbianandgaypolitics;butqueerpoliticsresiststhedivisionofsexualityintoabinaryoppositionofessentialisthomosexualorheterosexualidentities.Instead,JudithButlerarguesthatidentitiesaretheproductsofthediscoursesthatdefinesexuality.Weperformmasculinityorfemininity,homosexualityorheterosexualityaccordingtoascriptalreadywrittenastheculturalconventionsofoursociety.Inthisview,identitiesareculturalconstructionsratherthanpre-set.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whydoestheauthorsaythat“inthemodernage,identityisunderstoodtobeaproject”inParagraph1?

3.Inwhoseinterestsistheterm“identitypolitics”putforwardinParagraph2?

4.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofOscarWildeinParagraph2?

5.Whatistheauthorlikelytotalkaboutinthefollowingparagraph?

【答案】1.Thepassageisabout(thedefinitionof)identity.

2.Becausethepastidentityhastobesustainedinthepresentandremadeinthefuture.

3.PeoplewhoarenotprivilegedinmodernWesternsociety.

4.Becausehearguedfortheprimacyofcultureinhisstatement,whichsubvertedtheverycategoriesthatdefinewhatisnormalandabnormal.

5.Thefollowingparagraphwilldiscusstheinfluencesonidentitiesthatsocialculturebrings.

20.單選題

Competentresearcherscitethemostauthoritativesource,butwhatcountsasauthoritativeagainvariesbyfield.Notetheauthoritieswhomresearchersinyourfieldcitemostoften,whatprocedurestheytrust,whatrecordstheyregularlycite.Ifyouaredealingwithprimarysources(originaltextsofbooks,plays,diaries,andsoon),besurethatyoureditionisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.Thereareon-lineelectroniceditionsofShakespearesosloppilyeditedthatusingthemwouldlabelyouasincompetent.

Whenstudentsareunfamiliarwithorcan’tfindauthoritativesecondarysourcesscholarlyjournalsandbooks——theyoftenresorttotertiarysources:textbooks,articlesinencyclopedias,mass-circulationpublications.Ifthesearetheonlysourcesavailable,sobeit,butneverassumethattheyareauthoritative.Beespeciallycautiousaboutbooksoncomplexissuesintendedformassaudiences.Authorswhowritefortheordinaryreaderaboutbrainsorblackholesareusuallycompetent,sometimesdistinguishedresearchers.Buttheymustalwayssimplify,sometimesoversimplify,andarealwaysoutofdate.Soifyoustartyourresearchwithapopularbook,lookatthedatesofthejournalscitedinitsbibliography.

Authorityalsodependsonbeingcurrent,butagain,differentfieldsjudgecurrencyindifferentways.Inthesciences,out-of-datamightbeamonthago.Inthehumanities,ascholarmightjudgeasreliableabookmorethanacenturyold.Thebestwaytojudgecurrencyistoskimdatesinbibliographiesofrecentjournalarticles.Whatseemstobethecutoffdate?Assumethatmosttextbooksandreferencebooksareout-of-date.

1.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageistotellstudents（）.

2.Theauthorswouldprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

3.Accor