考研考博-英語(yǔ)-共青科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-共青科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thesecretarywasharshly（）byherbossformisplacingsomeimportantfiles.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rebuked

B.teased

C.washed

D.accused

【答案】A

【解析】本題是動(dòng)詞辨析題。rebuked“指責(zé)”；teased“取笑，戲弄”；washed“洗滌”；accused“控告”，根據(jù)for后面的內(nèi)容“誤放了重要文件”，可知這位秘書(shū)會(huì)被老板責(zé)備，此處應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞rebuke的過(guò)去分詞rebuked，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。句意為：這位秘書(shū)因?yàn)檎`放了重要文件而被老板嚴(yán)厲指責(zé)了。

2.單選題

Sleepisafunnything.We’retaughtthatweshouldgetsevenoreighthoursanight,butalotofusgetbyjustfineonless,andsomeofusactuallysleeptoomuch.AstudyoutoftheUniversityofBuffalolastmonthreportedthatpeoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozing(睡)soundly.

Doctorshavetheirownspecialsleepproblems.Residents(住院醫(yī)生)arefamouslysleepdeprived.WhenIwastrainingtobecomeadoctor,itwasnotunusualtowork40hoursinarowwithoutrest.Mostofustookitinstride,confidentwecouldstilldeliverthehighestqualityofmedicalcare.Maybeweshouldn’thavebeensosureofourselves.AnarticleintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpointsoutthatinthemorningafter24hoursofsleeplessness,aperson’smotorperformanceiscomparabletothatofsomeonewhoislegallyintoxicated.Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.

“Icouldtellyouhorrorstories,”saysJayaAgrawal,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalStudentAssociation,whichrunsawebsitewhereresidentscanpostanonymousanecdotes.Someareterrifying.“Iwasoperatingafterbeingupforover36hours,”onewrites.“Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.

“PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork,”writesanother.“Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhitaconveniencestoreontheroadside.”“Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,”writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep”.

Agrawal’sorganizationissupportingthePatientandPhysicianSafetyandProtectionActof2001,introducedlastNovemberbyRepresentativeJohnConyersJr.ofMichigan.Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimit.Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.Dr.CharlesBinkley,aseniorsurgeryresidentattheUniversityofMichigan,agreesthatsomethingneedstobedonebutbelieves“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”.

TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown.Ifyou’reworriedaboutthepeopletreatingyouoralovedoneyoushouldfeelfreetoaskhowmanyhoursofsleeptheyhavehadandifmore-restedstaffersareavailable.Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibility(不出錯(cuò))andgettheresttheyneed.

1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

2.Whatdoestheauthorimplyspeakingofthesleepproblemsthatdoctorsface?

3.WhatistheauthorspurposeofwritingParagraphs3and4?

4.WhatdoesDr.CharlesBinkleymeanby“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”inParagraph5?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Strokeisoftenassociatedwithsleep.

B.Toomuchsleepcanbeasharmfulaslackofsleep.

C.Peoplewhosleeplessthan8hoursadayaremorepronetoillness.

D.Poorsleepqualitymaybeasignofphysicaldisorder.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Doctorstendtoneglecttheirownsleepproblems.

B.Doctorsoftenneedlittlesleeptokeepthemenergetic.

C.Doctors’sleepisdeprivedbyresidents.

D.Sleepdepriveddoctorsareintoxicated.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowthehostilitydoctorshaveagainsttheirpatients.

B.Toexemplifythedangerdoctorsfacecausedbylackofsleep.

C.Toentertaintheaudiencewithsomeanecdotes.

D.Todiscussthecauseofdoctors’sleepproblems.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theregulationsaboutworkweekandworkshiftaretoospecific.

B.Lawcannotforceadoctortosleepwhilehisconsciencecan.

C.Doctorsshouldnotabidebygovernment’sregulations.

D.Thegovernmentisinterferingtoomuch.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Patientsarefacingmorerisksiftheirdoctorsarenotadequately-rested.

B.Peopleconcernedhavetherighttoremovetheirdoctorsfromtheirpositions.

C.Pilotsandtruckdriversworkinsaferenvironmentsthanthatofdoctors.

D.Patientscanchoosethesleepinghoursoftheirdoctors.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句peoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozingsoundly.（那些每天睡眠時(shí)間超過(guò)8小時(shí)但仍然感到疲勞的人死于中風(fēng)的可能性是正常人的近三倍，這可能是由于一種潛在的疾病使他們無(wú)法睡得安穩(wěn)所致。），可知睡得足夠久卻疲憊的人可能是因?yàn)榛加屑膊?，D選項(xiàng)“睡眠質(zhì)量差可能是身體紊亂的跡象”正確；這里沒(méi)有說(shuō)到中風(fēng)和睡眠的關(guān)系，A選項(xiàng)“中風(fēng)常與睡眠有關(guān)”錯(cuò)誤；這里沒(méi)有說(shuō)到睡眠過(guò)多的危害，B選項(xiàng)“睡眠過(guò)多和睡眠不足一樣有害”錯(cuò)誤；文中沒(méi)有說(shuō)到睡眠少就容易生病，C選項(xiàng)“每天睡眠少于8小時(shí)的人更容易生病”錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。作者提出住院醫(yī)生睡眠不足的問(wèn)題，然后對(duì)醫(yī)生在睡眠不足的情況下提供的服務(wù)質(zhì)量提出質(zhì)疑，最后一句說(shuō)Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.（奇怪的是，那些認(rèn)為在酒精影響下進(jìn)行手術(shù)就可以被解雇的外科醫(yī)生對(duì)于在睡眠不足的情況下進(jìn)行手術(shù)往往毫不猶豫。），可知作者認(rèn)為睡眠不足和醉酒沒(méi)什么兩樣，D選項(xiàng)“睡眠不足的醫(yī)生像喝醉了一樣”正確；沒(méi)有提到醫(yī)生對(duì)自己睡眠不足這個(gè)情況的態(tài)度，A選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生往往忽視他們自己的睡眠問(wèn)題”錯(cuò)誤；醫(yī)生不能醉酒做手術(shù)，而睡眠不足如同醉酒，所以醫(yī)生也需要充足的睡眠，B選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生通常需要很少的睡眠來(lái)保持精力充沛”錯(cuò)誤。這一段主要在表達(dá)醫(yī)生睡眠不足會(huì)影響服務(wù)質(zhì)量，并且明確表示住院醫(yī)生睡眠被剝奪，不符合題干中“第一段暗含什么”的條件，也不是表達(dá)的主要內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)“住院醫(yī)生的睡眠被剝奪”錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。作者列出了睡眠不足對(duì)醫(yī)生的影響，比如第三段的最后一句Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.（我真的是站著睡著了，臉差點(diǎn)被埋在傷口里。）和第四段PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork…Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhitaconveniencestoreontheroadside.（幾乎我認(rèn)識(shí)的每個(gè)外科住院醫(yī)生都在下班回家的路上睡著了……我知道有三個(gè)人撞到了停著的車。另一輛撞到了路邊的一家便利店。），最后總結(jié)說(shuō)“Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,”writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep”.（“你自己的病人變成了你的敵人?！钡谌齻€(gè)人寫(xiě)道，因?yàn)樗麄兪恰白璧K你睡好幾個(gè)小時(shí)的唯一因素”。），表達(dá)醫(yī)生因?yàn)槁殬I(yè)的關(guān)系缺乏睡眠，在這里作者用大量篇幅舉例來(lái)闡述醫(yī)生缺乏睡眠的危險(xiǎn)，B選項(xiàng)“舉例說(shuō)明缺乏睡眠給醫(yī)生帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)”正確；這里只是表達(dá)因?yàn)橐尾?，醫(yī)生缺乏睡眠，A選項(xiàng)“顯示醫(yī)生對(duì)病人的敵意”錯(cuò)誤；娛樂(lè)讀者不是主要目的，而是舉例表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)“用一些軼事來(lái)娛樂(lè)讀者”錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“討論醫(yī)生出現(xiàn)睡眠問(wèn)題的原因”不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二、三句Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimit.Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.（它的關(guān)鍵條款模仿了紐約州的規(guī)定，包括每周80小時(shí)的工作時(shí)間和24小時(shí)的輪班限制。然而，大多數(shù)醫(yī)生抵制這種干預(yù)。），可知醫(yī)生不贊同法案中對(duì)醫(yī)生工作時(shí)間如此具體和死板的規(guī)定，認(rèn)為睡眠的時(shí)間段不是能夠用法律規(guī)定的，不想連睡眠都要受法律束縛，D選項(xiàng)“政府干擾過(guò)多”正確。A選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于工作周和輪班的規(guī)定太具體了”和B選項(xiàng)“法律不能讓醫(yī)生睡覺(jué)，但是他的意識(shí)可以”：不是表達(dá)的主要意思。C選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生不應(yīng)該遵守政府的規(guī)定”：文中沒(méi)有這樣的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown…Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibilityandgettheresttheyneed.（在美國(guó)，飛行員和卡車司機(jī)的工作時(shí)間都有嚴(yán)格的控制。但除非也給醫(yī)生制定這樣一套規(guī)定，否則病人只能聽(tīng)天由命……就醫(yī)生而言，他們必須放棄一貫不出錯(cuò)的姿態(tài)，而得到他們需要的休息。），可知醫(yī)生需要充足的休息來(lái)保證工作任務(wù)的質(zhì)量，A選項(xiàng)“如果醫(yī)生沒(méi)有得到充分的休息，病人將面臨更多危險(xiǎn)”正確；這里說(shuō)的是飛行員和卡車司機(jī)的工作時(shí)間問(wèn)題，而不是工作的安全性，C選項(xiàng)“飛行員和卡車司機(jī)的工作環(huán)境比醫(yī)生更安全”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“有關(guān)人員有權(quán)解除其醫(yī)生的職務(wù)”和D選項(xiàng)“病人可以選擇醫(yī)生的睡眠時(shí)間”文中沒(méi)有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

BecauseJenkinsneither_______nordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothsidesadmirehisjournalistic_______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticizes...acumen

B.attacks...neutrality

C.confronts...aptitude

D.dismisses".flair

【答案】B

【解析】criticizes...acumen批評(píng)敏銳;attacks...neutrality攻擊中立性;confronts...aptitude遭遇能力;dismisses…flair解散資質(zhì)。句意：由于Jenkins既不攻擊也不為管理層或罷工工人辯護(hù),雙方都?xì)J佩他的作為新聞工作者的中立。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.翻譯題

直到不久前，韓國(guó)以外還很少有人知道“江南”這個(gè)位于首爾東南部的一個(gè)上流社區(qū)，這里的居民數(shù)量約占首爾人口總數(shù)的5%。然后，樸載相橫空出世。更具體地說(shuō)，應(yīng)該是這位韓國(guó)流行歌手的單曲《江南Style》橫空出世。這首歌今年夏季在YouTube上紅透半邊天。整個(gè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到處都是模仿它的視頻，從澳大利亞到秘魯都有以《江南Style》為主題的快閃活動(dòng)；喝著燒酒簽下美國(guó)唱片合約，占據(jù)美國(guó)電視黃金時(shí)段；甚至還有人深入分析騎馬舞。但對(duì)于很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，那個(gè)老問(wèn)題仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么樣的？江南區(qū)不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小眾的精品時(shí)裝店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街區(qū)。在這里你會(huì)找到前衛(wèi)的國(guó)際品牌概念商店，還有本土?xí)r裝大牌。這里的商店都價(jià)格不菲，但要像樸載相所說(shuō)的那樣“穿得優(yōu)雅、舞得奔放”，就得花這個(gè)代價(jià)。奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首爾江南區(qū)修道山上，是韓國(guó)歷史最悠久的寺廟之一。盡管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超過(guò)了佛教，但在16世紀(jì)中葉，在普雨(Bowoo)大禪師的指導(dǎo)下，奉恩寺作為韓國(guó)主要的禪宗佛教中心開(kāi)始興旺起來(lái)。如果你想獲得一些點(diǎn)化，可以參加一個(gè)為期兩天的住寺活動(dòng)，主要是一些修身養(yǎng)性的活動(dòng)，比如齋飯、茶道和冥想等。

【答案】Untilrecently,fewpeopleoutsideofSouthKoreahadheardofGangnam,anupscaleneighborhoodinSeoul’ssoutheastthathousesroughly5%ofthecapital’spopulation.Then,asingernamedPsyhasmadethewholeworldamazing.

Morespecifically,theK-popmusician’s‘GangnamStyle’,whichwentviralonYouTubeoverthesummer.Videosof‘GangnamStyle’imitationshowcanbeseenallovertheinternet.‘GangnamStyle’flashmobsfromAustraliatoPeru.HavingsignedaUnitiedStatesrecorddealwithhisshochu;Psy’s‘GangnamStyle’dominatesAmericanTVprimetime.Andevendrawoutofanin-depthanalysesofthathorsedance.

Butformany,thequestionstillremains:WhatgoesoninGangnam,anyway?

There’sfullofbrandnamesinGangnam.Butforarangeofupscale,nicheboutiques,headtothedistrictsofCheongdamandShinsa.Thisiswhereyou’llfindfashion-forwardinternationalconceptstoresalongsidehome-grownhavensofchic.Storesherearen’tcheap,butthat’sthepriceyoupayto‘dressclassy,anddancecheesy,’asPsyputsit.

Bongeunsa,locatedinGangnamConventMountain,istheoldesttime-honoredtempleinSouthKorea.ThoughBuddhismwasmorepopularthanConfucianismearlyinLidynasty,undertheguidanceofBowoomaster,BongeunsabegantoprosperasSouthKorea’smainZenBuddhistCenterinthemid-16thcentury.

Ifyouwanttogetsomeenlightenment,youcantakepartinatwo-dayAbbotActivities,mainlyincludingself-cultivationactivities,suchasvegetarianfood,ateaceremonyandmeditation.

5.單選題

Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople（

）harmthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethan

B.otherthan

C.betterthan

D.ratherthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:發(fā)展核科學(xué)是給人們?cè)旄?，而不是危害人們?/p>

短語(yǔ)辨析。Morethan多于，超出;otherthan除了;betterthan超過(guò)，多于;ratherthan而不是。故選D。

6.單選題

Anearrevolutionhasoccurredoverthepastdecadeinourunderstandingoftheimpactsofclimatechange.Boththenaturalscienceandtheeconomicsunderlyingpredictionsofclimate-changeimpactshavealtereddramatically.Climatescientistshavereducedthemagnitudeofpredictedwarming,suggestingmilderfutureclimatescenarios.Ecologistshaveshiftedfrompredictingecosystemcollapsetopredictingthatnetprimaryproductivitywilllikelyincreaseoverthelongrun.Andeconomistsarenolongerpredictinglargedamages,butratheramixtureofdamagesandbenefits.

Thesechangesaresodramaticthatitisnotclearwhethertheneteconomiceffectsfromclimatechangeoverthenextcenturywillbeharmflilorhelpful.Thenewresearchfurthersuggeststhateffectsarelikelytovaryacrosstheplanet.Wenowexpecttemperateandpolarcountriestoenjoysmalleconomicgains,whereastropicalcountriesaremorelikelytosuffereconomiclosses.

Ofcourse,wehavenotbanishedalluncertainty,whichwillalwayshauntfutureprojectionsofoutcomes.Thedynamicsofecosystemsarepoorlyunderstood;carboncyclesmaychangeovertime;polaricemaygenerateunwelcomesurprises;andtheeffectsofchangeontropicalregionshavenotyethadthethoroughstudytheyrequire.Nonetheless,therecentscientificandeconomicfindingscreateanewperspectiveonthegreenhouse-gasproblem,andthisnewvision,inturn,callsfornewstrategiesandnewpoliticaloutcomes.

Thereductionindamage-estimatesremovestheurgencytoengageincostlycrashabatementprograms.Ourinitialperspectiveongreenhousegasessuggestedthatwewererapidlyapproachingtheedgeofacliff.Thosefearsnowappearunfounded,fortheimpactsfromclimatewarmingseemtoberelativelysmallforthenextcentury.Therewillbedamagestobesure,buttheywillbeoffsetbybenefits.Thenetexpectedeffectnowisclosertozeroratherthanto2percentofGDP.Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.

1.Theoverallpurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe“newperspective”(Para.3)istheresultofashiftfrom

（

）.

3.Theauthorofthepassagewouldmostlikelyagreethat

（

）.

4.Theauthorassumesthatthereader（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pointoutflawsincurrentmethodsofclimateanalysis

B.raiseawarenessofthepotentiallydevastatingimpactofglobalwarming

C.proposesanewmethodforstudyingtheeffectsofglobalwarming

D.suggestpolicychangesinlightofrecentscientificfindings

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.scientificanalysistoeconomicanalysis

B.dreadfulpredictionstomoderatepredictions

C.afocusonthepasttoafocusinthefuture

D.afocusonpolarregionstoafocusontropicalregions

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.governmentsshouldactswiftlytocurbgreenhousegasemissions

B.itisunclearwhethercarbondioxidecontributestoglobalwarming

C.economicanalysisshouldbeconsideredwhenformulatingapolicyfordealingwithglobalwarming

D.theimpactsfromglobalwarmingwillbeveryhighinthecomingcentury

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isconcernedmorewiththebenefitsofpoliciesthantheircosts

B.isconcernedwithcurbingtheemissionsofgreenhousegases

C.iswillingtoconsiderlong-termeconomiceffects

D.hasaweaknessforinefficientcarsandappliance

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。定位到最后一段中“Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.因此，新的減排政策應(yīng)著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，而且應(yīng)是廉價(jià)和具有成本效益的。”可知與D項(xiàng)“政策的改變應(yīng)以最近的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)為依據(jù)”正確。A項(xiàng)“指出當(dāng)前氣候分析方法的不足”；B項(xiàng)“提高對(duì)全球變暖潛在破壞性影響的認(rèn)識(shí)”；C項(xiàng)“提出了一種研究全球變暖影響的新方法”D項(xiàng)“根據(jù)最近的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)建議政策的改變”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第三段中的Nonetheless,therecentscientificandeconomicfindingscreateanewperspectiveonthegreenhouse-gasproblem...盡管如此，最近的科學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn)溫室氣體問(wèn)題上有一個(gè)新的視角?？芍猲ewperspective是由于therecentscientificandeconomicfindings而產(chǎn)生的，結(jié)合第一段中“Climatescientistshavereducedthemagnitudeofpredictedwarming,…Ecologistshaveshiftedfrompredictingecosystemcollapsetopredictingthatnetprimaryproductivitywilllikelyincreaseoverthelongrun.Andeconomistsarenolongerpredictinglargedamages,butratheramixtureofdamagesandbenefits.氣候科學(xué)家已經(jīng)降低了預(yù)測(cè)的變暖幅度……生態(tài)學(xué)家已經(jīng)從預(yù)測(cè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)崩潰轉(zhuǎn)向預(yù)測(cè)，凈初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)期增加。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們不再預(yù)測(cè)損失會(huì)很大，而是預(yù)測(cè)損失和收益的混合體?？芍狟項(xiàng)“從可怕的預(yù)測(cè)到溫和的預(yù)測(cè)”相符。

3.判斷推理題。定位到最后一段中“Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.因此，新的減排政策應(yīng)著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，而且應(yīng)是廉價(jià)和具有成本效益的?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)“在制定應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖的政策時(shí)，經(jīng)濟(jì)分析應(yīng)該被考慮到”正確。由“Thereductionindamage-estimatesremovestheurgencytoengageincostlycrashabatementprograms.損失估算的減少消除了實(shí)施代價(jià)高昂的墜機(jī)事故消除計(jì)劃的緊迫性”可知A項(xiàng)“各國(guó)政府應(yīng)迅速采取行動(dòng)，遏制溫室氣體排放”不對(duì)，B項(xiàng)“目前還不清楚二氧化碳是否對(duì)全球變暖有貢獻(xiàn)”沒(méi)有提及。由“Thosefearsnowappearunfounded,fortheimpactsfromclimatewarmingseemtoberelativelysmallforthenextcentury.現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，這些擔(dān)憂似乎毫無(wú)根據(jù)，因?yàn)闅夂蜃兣瘜?duì)下個(gè)世紀(jì)的影響似乎相對(duì)較小?？芍狣項(xiàng)“未來(lái)一個(gè)世紀(jì)，全球變暖的影響將是巨大的”不對(duì)。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段中“Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.因此，新的減排政策應(yīng)該從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)，應(yīng)該是便宜的和具有成本效益的?？芍狢項(xiàng)“作者假定讀者愿意考慮長(zhǎng)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響”正確。

7.單選題

SomeAfricanAmericanshavehadaprofoundimpactonAmericansociety,changingmanypeople’sviewsonrace,historyandpolitics.ThefollowingisasamplingofAfricanAmericanswhohaveshapedsocietyandtheworldwiththeirspiritandtheirideals.

MuhammadAliCassiusMarcellusClaygrewupadevoutBaptistinLouisville,Kentucky,learningtofightatage12afterapoliceofficersuggestedhelearntodefendhimself.Sixyearslater,hewasanOlympicboxingchampion,goingontowinthreeworldheavyweighttitles.Hebecameknownasmuchforhisswagger（趾高氣揚(yáng)）outsidetheringashismovementinit,convertingtoIslamin1965,changinghisnametoMuhammadAliandrefusingtojointheU.S.Armyonreligiousgrounds.AliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerendedandhedevelopedParkinson’sdisease,evenlightingtheOlympictorchatthe1996AtlantaOlympicsandconveyingthepeacefulvirtuesofIslamfollowing

theSeptember11terroristattacks.

W.E.B.DuBoisBomWilliamEdwardBurghardtDuBoisin1868,thisMassachusettsnativewasoneofthemostprominent,prolificintellectualsofhistime.Anacademic,activistandhistorian,DuBoisco-foundedtheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP),edited“TheCrisis”magazineandwrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarlyarticles.Inperhapshismostfamouswork,“TheSoulsofBlackFolk,”publishedin1903,hepredicted“theproblemof20thcenturywouldbetheproblemofthecolor-line.’’

MartinLutherKingJr.TheRev.MartinLutherKingJr.isconsideredoneofthemostpowerfulandpopularleadersoftheAmericancivilrightsmovement.Hespearheaded(帶頭，做先鋒)amassive,nonviolentinitiativeofmarches,sit-ins,boycottsanddemonstrationsthatprofoundlyaffectedAmericans’attitudestowardracerelations.HewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.

MalcolmXBlackleaderMalcolmXspokeoutabouttheconceptsofraceprideandblacknationalismintheearly1960s.Hedenouncedtheexploitationofblackpeoplebywhitesanddevelopedalargeanddedicatedfollowing,whichcontinuedevenafterhisdeathin1965.Interestintheleader

surgedagainafterSpikeLee’s1992movie“MalcolmX”wasreleased.

JackieRobinsonIn1947,JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrierbyjoiningtheBrooklynDodgers,becomingthefirstblackbaseballplayerintheU.S.majorleagues.Afterretirementfrombaseballin1957,heremainedactiveincivilrightsandyouthactivities.In1962,hebecamethefirstAfrican-AmericantobeinductedintotheBaseballHallofFame.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMuhammadAli?

2.Theitalicizedword“prolific”(Line2,Para.3)issynonymousto（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

4.Whatiscommonamongthecelebritiesmentionedinthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeatitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heneverservedinthearmy.

B.Helearnedtofightatanearlyage.

C.Hispopularitydecreasedafterhisretirementfromboxing.

D.Helovespeace.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.smart

B.skilled

C.productive

D.pioneering

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.W.E.B.DuBoiswasengagedinthecauseofpromotingthestatusofcoloredpeople.

B.JackieRobinsonwasdeniedbyU.S.majorbaseballleaguesthroughouthislife.

C.MartinLutherKingJr.washighlyawardedforhiscontributionstothecivilrightsmovements.

D.MalcolmXdirectlyorindirectlyinspiredinterestinleadershipevenafterhisdeath.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Eachachievedenormoussuccessinhis/herfieldandwashighlyrecognized.

B.Eachwasdevotedtohis/hercausebutdidn’twinrecognitionuntildeath.

C.Allwereactiveandfamousinseveralfieldsintheirlifetime.

D.Alllovedpeaceandremainedactiveincivilrightsactivities.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.LifeofFamousAfricanAmericans

B.InfluenceofFamousAfricanAmericans

C.PoliticalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

D.CulturalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。原文第二段尾句指出Aliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerended(Ali在運(yùn)動(dòng)生涯結(jié)束后仍然很受歡迎)。C選項(xiàng)說(shuō)從拳擊退役后，他的聲望下降了,與原文不符。

2.語(yǔ)義題。Prolific形容intellectuals,原文第三段第二句wrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarly

articles可知，這里要表達(dá)的是“豐富的才能,足智多謀”，productive最相符。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到Jackie段落，JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrier...firstblackbaseballplayer(JackieRobinson打破了膚色障礙,成為第一個(gè)黑人棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員)。B選項(xiàng)與此不符。

4.細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。文中提到的每個(gè)名人在其領(lǐng)域都取得了巨大的成就并且被高度認(rèn)可。

5.主旨大意題。本文只介紹了一些非裔美國(guó)人在政治和文化方面的生平事跡，但是并沒(méi)有著重于他們帶來(lái)的影響。

8.單選題

Becausethemonkeysunderstudyarehabituatedtothepresenceofhumanbeings,theytypicallydisregardhumanobserversandgoabouttheirbusiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.welcome

B.ignore

C.disrespect

D.avoid

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)楸谎芯康暮镒右呀?jīng)習(xí)慣了人類的存在，它們通常不理會(huì)人類的觀察，只顧自己的事。A選項(xiàng)welcome“歡迎”；B選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視，不理睬”；C選項(xiàng)disrespect“失禮，不敬”；D選項(xiàng)avoid“避免”。disregard意為“忽視，無(wú)視”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistcontinuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable,hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes,forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago,howeveroneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries,theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

1.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit（

）.

2.Purescience,leadingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,

（

）.

3.Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mayleadtoantiscientific,“impure”results

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturalscience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).（為了使解釋盡可能簡(jiǎn)單，假設(shè)科學(xué)被定義為分類知識(shí)）可知選D。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段可知，根據(jù)不同的目的，科學(xué)分為純科學(xué)與應(yīng)用科學(xué)。純科學(xué)是為了滿足好奇心，應(yīng)用科學(xué)是將知識(shí)用于特殊目的。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的howeveroneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell（然而，人們應(yīng)該記住，顯微鏡的構(gòu)造必須先于細(xì)胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)）及兩種科學(xué)的定義，可知顯微鏡屬于純科學(xué)，細(xì)胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)屬于應(yīng)用科學(xué)，即純科學(xué)先于應(yīng)用科學(xué)，因此B選項(xiàng)“必然先于應(yīng)用科學(xué)，導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，根據(jù)不同的目的，科學(xué)分為純科學(xué)與應(yīng)用科學(xué)。純科學(xué)是為了滿足好奇心，應(yīng)用科學(xué)是將知識(shí)用于特殊目的。由題干中的“interestedin”可知屬于為了滿足好奇心，因此選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries（許多致力于純科學(xué)的科學(xué)家并不為忽視他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的實(shí)際方面而被指責(zé)）可知A選項(xiàng)“從事理論研究的科學(xué)家不應(yīng)被指責(zé)忽略其發(fā)現(xiàn)的實(shí)際方面”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)的目的與定義，以及兩種不同科學(xué)家研究科學(xué)的目的，因此A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)與科學(xué)家的本質(zhì)”符合題意。

10.單選題

Marysatatthetable,lookedattheplateand（

）herlips.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.smacked

B.opened

C.parted

D.separated

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。句意:瑪麗坐在桌旁，盯著盤(pán)子里的美食垂涎三尺。

Smackone’slips“舔（或砸）嘴唇（表示贊賞、滿意或垂涎）；發(fā)讒”。

11.單選題

Inmostcasesimpoverishedmothershavesymptomsofanxietybecauseofthe（

）theymustcopewithintheirdailylives,ratherthanbecauseoftruementalhealthissues.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversity

B.substance

C.depletion

D.trauma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。adversity意為“困境，不幸”；substance意為“物質(zhì)，材料”；depletion意為“消耗，用盡”；trauma意為“創(chuàng)傷”。

句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，貧困的母親有焦慮的癥狀，因?yàn)樗麄儽仨殤?yīng)對(duì)日常生活中的不幸，而不是因?yàn)檎嬲男睦斫】祮?wèn)題。

12.單選題

Businesstravelersusedtobethecashcowsofthehotelbusiness.Armedwithcorporatecreditcardsandexpenseaccounts,they'dhappilylaydownhundredsofdollarspernightfortheprivilegeofaGodivachocolateontheirpillowandasunkenwhirlpooltubintheirbathroom.Butjustasprolongedcorporatebelttighteninghasforcedroadwarriorstousebudgetairlines,moreandmoreofthemarenoweschewingfive-starlodginginfavorofcheaperaccommodations.Indeed,earlierthisyeartheU.S.-basedNationalBusinessTravelAssociationreleasedfiguresshowingthat61percentofcorporatetravelmanagersplannedtobooktheirpeopleintolower-pricedhotelsinthecomingyear.

Here'sthegoodnews:penny-pinchingistranslatingintobetterdealsatcheapandup-markethotelsalike.Servicesatmiddle-markethotelsarerisingtoaccommodateanewwaveofmoredemandingcorporatecustomers.Andluxuryhotelsareworkinghardertokeepbusinesstravelerscoming,offeringlowerrates,specialpackagesandextraservices.Eventhoughbusiness-travelvolumeissettorisebymorethan4percentin2004afterthreedismalyears,hotelswillcontinuetobeunderpressureinlargepartbecauseaweakdollarisforcingAmericanbusinesstravelerstosearchforvalue.

Someofthebestd