考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京林業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京林業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

（

）atamusicstorewasoneofLilArmstrong’sfirstprofessionaljobsasayoungpianistwhenshecametoChicagoin1917.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Demonstrationtunes

B.Demonstratingtunes

C.Demonstratetunes

D.Tunesthatdemonstrated

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：LilArmstrong1917年來(lái)到芝加哥時(shí)，作為年輕的鋼琴家的第一份專業(yè)工作是在音樂(lè)商店里演奏曲調(diào)。空格處所填單詞與后面部分一起構(gòu)成名詞短語(yǔ)做整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)。C項(xiàng)demonstrate是動(dòng)詞，不能做主語(yǔ)。A、D兩項(xiàng)中tunes是復(fù)數(shù),而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是was,故排除。

2.單選題

Thefactis,doctor.Ijustcannot（）thisdreadfulcough.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getoutof

B.getridof

C.getdownto

D.getroundto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)getoutof“逃避；避免”；B選項(xiàng)getridof“擺脫，除去”；C選項(xiàng)getdownto“開(kāi)始認(rèn)真考慮；著手處理”；D選項(xiàng)getroundto“抽出時(shí)間來(lái)做；開(kāi)始考慮”。句意：事實(shí)是，醫(yī)生。我就是不能……這可怕的咳嗽。根據(jù)句意，可知是不能擺脫可怕的咳嗽。因此答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

______myreturn,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbebackforseveralhours.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.At

B.On

C.With

D.During

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配題。onone’sreturn表示“在……回來(lái)的時(shí)候”。

4.翻譯題

世界發(fā)展還很不平衡、貧窮和饑荒仍然在一些落后地區(qū)肆虐。環(huán)境污染、毒品走私、跨國(guó)犯罪、嚴(yán)重傳染性疾病等跨國(guó)問(wèn)題日益突出。人類實(shí)現(xiàn)和平和共同發(fā)展的理想還任重道遠(yuǎn)。

【答案】Thebenefitofdevelopmentspreadratherunevenlyintheworldaspovertyandhungerravagenoafewcountries.Manycross-boundaryproblemssuchasenvironmentalpollution,drugtrafficking,transnationalcrimesanddeadlycommunicablediseasehavebecomemoresalient.Allthishasmadeourroadtowarduniversalpeaceandcommondevelopmentabumpyandchallengingone.

5.單選題

Bethworkedhardto（）inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：貝絲在她的訪問(wèn)期間努力地（）當(dāng)?shù)厝酥小?/p>

encounter遭遇，邂逅，遇到；blend混合，協(xié)調(diào)，融入；merge合并，使合并，吞，沒(méi)；adapt適應(yīng)，改變。

選項(xiàng)Bblendinwith為固定搭配，表示“融入，融合”，符合句意。

6.單選題

Thedeteriorationoftheenvironment,bothphysicallyandaesthetically,ismostapparentinourcities.Thedehumanizingeffectsoflifeintheslumsandghettoesparticularly,wherethereislittlehopeforimprovingconditions,haveoftenbeencitedascontributingcausesofurbanriotinganddisturbances.Crimeratesusuallyreachtheirpeakintheseneighborhoods.Suchsymptomsofgeneralpsychologicalmaladjustmentsuggestthatmoderncitiesprovidealessthanidealenvironmentforhumanbeings.

Thereseemstobeabundantevidencethattraditionalculturalpatternsbreakdownincities,andalsothatthehighnumbersofcontactswithindividuals,notpartofone’scircleofregularsocialacquaintancesmayleadtomentaldisturbancedefinedheremerelyasbehaviorgenerallyconsidered“disturbed”bythemajorityofthesociety.Itisimportanttonotethatantisocialbehaviorand“mentalillness”arefoundinallcultures,andthatindeedthesamedisordersrecognizedbyWesternpsychiatristsarefoundeveninprimitivepeoples.Therefore,wecanbereasonablycertainthatlackofanevolutionarily“natural”environmentisnotthesolecauseofsuchbehavior.Nevertheless,thatlackmaywellservetoaggravatetheproblemsofpeoplelivinginourmostcrowded,smoggy,andimpersonalmetropolises.

StanfordpsychologistPGZimbardohasconcludedthaturbanpressuresaretransformingAmericansintopotentialassassins.Hebasedhisconclusionsonexperimentalstudiesoftheconnectionbetweenanonymityandaggression,andonfieldstudiesofvandalism.Henotedanestimated230violenturbanoutbreaksintheperiod1964-1969,andreportedthatin1967vandalsinNewYorkCityalonewrecked360,000paytelephones,broke202,719schoolwindows,anddiddamagetoparksandtransitsystemscostingsome$850,000.Carswereabandonedonstreetsofalargecity(NewYork)andasmallone(PaloAlto,California),andsecretlywatchedtoseeiftherewasadifferenceinvandalismbetweenthetwolocalities.TheNewYorkcarwasvirtuallydemolishedwithinthreedaysby23separateattacksbylootersandvandals,nearlyallinviewofpassersbyandduringthedaytime.ThePaloAltocarwasnotmolestedformorethanaweek.Howmuch(ifany)ofsuchbehaviormightbereducedifdensitywereloweredisunknown,butatleasttheanecdotalevidenceseemstoindicatethathighdensityisafactorinsuchproblems.Crimeratesaresomefivetimesashighinurbanasinruralareas.Thoughsomeofthisdifferencemaybeduetodisparitiesinreporting,notallofitcanbeexplainedonthisbasis.RatesforviolentcrimeshavebeenshowntobepositivelycorrelatedwithactualpopulationdensitiesinAmericancities.Thisgeneralcorrelationheldforstatisticstakeninthreedifferentyears,1940,1950,and1960,inthesamecities.Therisesinassaultandrobberywithhigherdensitywereparticularlystriking,althoughmurderandrapebothalsoreflectedthetrend.Robberyistheonlyoneofthefourthatdoesnotmostcommonlyoccurbetweenacquaintances.Interestingly,crimeratesinthesuburbshavebeenrisinginthepastfewyears,especiallyamongteenagersfromrelativelyaffluentareas,althoughtheircrimesaremoreoftenactsagainstpropertythancrimesofviolence.

1.Accordingtothepassage,mostoftencrimesarecommittedin（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutantisocialbehaviorand“mentalillness”?

3.AccordingtoPGZimbardo’sresearch,（）.

4.Thewriterholdsthat（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofbreakdowninurbanareas?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thesuburbs

B.commercialareasofbigcities

C.theslumsandghettoes

D.theparksandtransitsystems

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareuniqueinmoderncities.

B.Theyaregraverinmetropolises.

C.Theyareneverfoundinprimitivepeoples.

D.Theyresultentirelyfromthelackofa“natural”environment.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thereexistsahigherrateofvandalisminamoredensely-populatedcity

B.whenpopulationdensitiesdecrease,crimeratesgoup

C.thereisnocorrelationbetweenthepopulationdensityandcrimerate

D.suburbanteenagersaremoreapttocommitviolentcrimesthansmallthefts

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.deteriorationoftheenvironmentinamoderncitywillmakeitunfitforpeopletolivein

B.lackofa“natural”environmentresultsinantisocialbehaviorand“mentalillness”

C.deteriorationofenvironmentinametropolisplaysacertainroleincausinghighcrimerates

D.vandalismandotherviolentoutbreakswillneverdisappearinmostcrowdedmetropolises

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Vandalism.

B.Suicide.

C.Rioting.

D.Rape.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Thedehumanizingeffectsoflifeintheslumsandghettoesparticularly,...urbanriotinganddisturbances.”特別是在條件改善希望渺茫的貧民窟和貧民區(qū)，生活的非人道影響經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是城市暴亂和騷亂的原因之一。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“antisocialbehaviorand‘mentalillness’”定位到第二段。根據(jù)“Itisimportant...eveninprimitivepeoples.”反社會(huì)行為和“精神疾病”在所有文化中都存在，而且西方精神病學(xué)家所承認(rèn)的同樣的疾病甚至在原始人中也存在。由此可知選項(xiàng)A和C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“...lackofanevolutionarily'natural'environmentisnotthesolecauseofsuchbehavior.”缺乏進(jìn)化上的“自然”環(huán)境并不是這種行為的唯一原因。由此可知選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段最后一句“l(fā)ackmaywellservetoaggravatetheproblemsofpeoplelivinginourmostcrowded,smoggy,andimpersonalmetropolises.”可知反社會(huì)行為和“精神疾病”在大都市可能會(huì)更嚴(yán)重，選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“PGZimbardo”定位到第三段。根據(jù)“RatesforviolentcrimeshavebeenshowntobepositivelycorrelatedwithactualpopulationdensitiesinAmericancities.”暴力犯罪率已被證明與美國(guó)城市的實(shí)際人口密度呈正相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。原文第一段最后一句為作者的觀點(diǎn)。“moderncitiesprovidealessthanidealenvironmentforhumanbeings.”現(xiàn)代城市為人類提供了一個(gè)不太理想的環(huán)境。也就是說(shuō)大都市環(huán)境的惡化是造成犯罪率升高的一個(gè)重要原因，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)原文可知，破壞他人財(cái)物、暴亂和強(qiáng)奸在文中均有提及，只有選項(xiàng)B（自殺）沒(méi)有提及。

7.單選題

Itisno（

）thatalargenumberofviolentcrimesarecommittedundertheinfluenceofalcohol.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.coincidence

B.correspondence

C.inspiration

D.intuition

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)coincidence“巧合；一致；同事發(fā)生”；B選項(xiàng)correspondence“通信；一致；相當(dāng)”；C選項(xiàng)inspiration“靈感；鼓舞；吸氣；妙計(jì)”；D選項(xiàng)intuition“直覺(jué)；直覺(jué)力”。句意：大量的暴力犯罪都是在酒精的影響下發(fā)生的，這并不是……。綜合選項(xiàng)與句意可知，此處應(yīng)表示“這并不是巧合（偶然）”符合語(yǔ)境。A選項(xiàng)正確的。

8.單選題

Hejoinedacomputerdatingscheme（）butsofarithasn’tasuitablepatter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeby

B.comeacross

C.comeupwith

D.comeroundto

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查了詞組的辨析。comeby“經(jīng)過(guò)”；comeacross“偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；comeupwith“想出”；comeroundto“改變主意”，此處只有使用詞組comeacross表示“偶然”才符合句子的語(yǔ)義邏輯，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：他偶然加入了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)日程計(jì)劃，但是到目前為止它還沒(méi)有一個(gè)合適的模式。

9.單選題

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。onone’sheels是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“緊隨其后”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意：小偷到處逃竄，當(dāng)?shù)鼐旄F追不舍。

10.翻譯題

很多情況下人們談話時(shí)，總是爭(zhēng)著表現(xiàn)自己，這類交談對(duì)雙方鮮有裨益。當(dāng)人們談話時(shí)，不要花時(shí)間思考你接著要說(shuō)什么，而要設(shè)法搞懂他們說(shuō)的是什么，什么樣的經(jīng)歷才使他們說(shuō)了那些話，你從那些話中能學(xué)到什么，你對(duì)說(shuō)那些話的人又能了解到什么等等。長(zhǎng)輩們成長(zhǎng)的世界和你成長(zhǎng)的世界迥然不同，那個(gè)世界也許你不大了解。他們和來(lái)自我國(guó)其他地區(qū)及其他國(guó)家的人們都有重要的觀察事物的方法，它們可以豐富你的生活。

【答案】Inmanycases,peopleinaconversationoftenstrivetorevealoneself,suchconversationwillhavefewbenefitstoeachother.Duringaconversation,don’tspendthetimethinkingaboutwhatyou’regoingtosaynext,insteadtrytounderstandwhatthey’resaying,whatexperienceisbehindtheirremarks,whatyoucanlearnfromthem,etc.Olderpeoplegrowupinaworldwhichisverydifferentfromyours,youmaynotknowverywellaboutthatworld.Boththemandpeoplefromotherpartsofourcountryaswellasfromothernations,haveimportantwaysoflookingatthingswhichcanenrichyourlife.

11.單選題

Afterawholeday’sheavywork，theoldworkerreturnedhome,（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hungryandfeltexhausting

B.hungerandexhausted

C.hungryandhavingbeenexhausted

D.hungryandexhausted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)。題干的主語(yǔ)是theoldworker,空格處填兩個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)前一句“在一天的勞累工作之后”可知這個(gè)老工人是饑餓并且疲憊的。exhausting使筋疲力盡的；exhausted疲憊的。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：在經(jīng)歷一天的勞累工作后，這個(gè)老工人帶著饑餓和疲憊回家了。

12.單選題

Similarcutsare（

）atStanford,whichisplanningtoslash$43millionoverthenexttwoyears.AndColumbiaUniversity,whichfacesa$50milliondeficit,willprobablyfollowsuit,althoughtheheadsof26arts-and-sciencesdepartmentshavethreatenedtoquitifthecutbacksaretooharsh.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lurking

B.looming

C.sagging

D.soaring

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lurk“潛伏；埋伏”；B選項(xiàng)loom“赫然出現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)sag“下跌；松弛；萎靡”；D選項(xiàng)soar“激增；高飛；升空”。句意：斯坦福大學(xué)也……類似的削減，計(jì)劃在未來(lái)兩年內(nèi)削減4300萬(wàn)美元。面臨5000萬(wàn)美元赤字的哥倫比亞大學(xué)(ColumbiaUniversity)可能也會(huì)效仿，盡管26個(gè)藝術(shù)和科學(xué)院系的負(fù)責(zé)人威脅稱，如果削減幅度過(guò)大，他們將辭職。由句意可知B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisacollectionofphotos.

B.Itisanintroductiontomusic.

C.ItisaboutthecityofBruges.

D.ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.

B.Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.

C.WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.

D.WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.

B.TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.

C.TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.

D.ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.

B.Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.

C.Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.

D.Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:Mr.DeKeyzer,I’magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthissubjectmatter?

M:In2006,[6]whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforanewconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Astherehadbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlookingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfearofaloomingdangerbecame[5]thesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.

W:[5]Youwroteinthebook,“Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster;Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat?

M:[7]Itisclearnowthatit’samatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.Thesamegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.

W:Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject?

M:Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.Forexample,thereistheimageofthebridgeintotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea,[8]whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.

W:Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.

5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于《洪水來(lái)臨前》這本書(shū)，男士說(shuō)了什么？錄音開(kāi)頭，男士提到他受邀為新一季音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝以水為主題的照片時(shí)恰巧在海邊工作，因有感于如此美麗的海灘日后有可能因氣候?yàn)?zāi)難而消失于水下，便將這種對(duì)潛在危險(xiǎn)的恐懼作為一個(gè)大型攝影項(xiàng)目的主題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息thesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject（一個(gè)大型攝影項(xiàng)目的主題）可知，男士認(rèn)為MomentsBeforetheFlood是一本照片集，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“它是一本介紹音樂(lè)的書(shū)”和C選項(xiàng)“它是一本關(guān)于布魯日市的書(shū)”只是利用個(gè)別詞來(lái)設(shè)置干擾，與題干不相干，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“一本講述歐洲歷史的書(shū)”，錄音最后雖然提及歐洲的歷史，但歐洲歷史只是其中的一部分內(nèi)容，并不是完全講述歐洲歷史，因此D選項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確。

6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士是什么時(shí)候想到開(kāi)始這個(gè)工作的？錄音開(kāi)頭，女士便詢問(wèn)男士一開(kāi)始是怎樣對(duì)這一主題感興趣的。男士回答當(dāng)時(shí)布魯日市的音樂(lè)廳要求他為新一季音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝一系列以水為主題的照片，B選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)為音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝一系列照片”是對(duì)錄音原文的概括，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“寫關(guān)于比利時(shí)沿海地區(qū)的文章”，錄音只是提及男士受邀為音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝照片時(shí)，他正好在比利時(shí)沿海地區(qū)工作，因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；C選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)在意大利沿海城市度假”在錄音中并沒(méi)有提及；D選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)為布魯日音樂(lè)廳繪畫(huà)”主要錯(cuò)在painting一詞，與原文表述的takesomepictures不符，因此可排除。

7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)當(dāng)氣候?yàn)?zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生什么?錄音開(kāi)頭，女士請(qǐng)男士就書(shū)中的一句話進(jìn)行解釋：“我不想拍攝日后的災(zāi)難情景，我只想在災(zāi)難來(lái)臨前拍下最后的美好”。男士回答道，現(xiàn)在很清楚的是，整個(gè)歐洲海岸線消失在水下只是個(gè)時(shí)間問(wèn)題。C選項(xiàng)中的besubmerged是錄音中disappearsunderwater的同義替換，因此C選項(xiàng)“整個(gè)歐洲海岸將會(huì)被淹沒(méi)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“歐洲豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)將會(huì)完全失去”；B選項(xiàng)“歐洲的海水將會(huì)被嚴(yán)重污染”和D選項(xiàng)“主要的歐洲景點(diǎn)將會(huì)消失”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此可排除。

8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVenice?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于威尼斯，男士說(shuō)了什么？男士最后提及，威尼斯這個(gè)城市一直都被海水威脅著，每天早上游客都要踏著搭建好的木板小道到達(dá)自己的旅店。A選項(xiàng)“早上游客們通過(guò)木制的小路到達(dá)旅館”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“吸引了大批來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)外的游客”；C選項(xiàng)“人們沒(méi)有船就不能四處走動(dòng)”和D選項(xiàng)“水道日益受到污染”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此可排除。

14.單選題

The（

）theyfeltforeachotherwasobvioustoeveryonewhosawthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.affection

B.adherence

C.sensibility

D.sensitivity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)affection“喜愛(ài)；感情；感染；影響”；B選項(xiàng)adherence“堅(jiān)持；依附；忠誠(chéng)”；C選項(xiàng)sensibility“敏感性；識(shí)別力；感覺(jué)”；D選項(xiàng)sensitivity“敏感；敏感性；過(guò)敏”。句意：每一個(gè)看到他們的人都知道他們對(duì)彼此的……。綜合句意和選項(xiàng)可知，此處能讓人看出來(lái)的是對(duì)彼此的“感情”，A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Changingthecomputersystemwouldentailsubstantialperiodsofretraining.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.withhold

B.extend

C.overtake

D.impose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。entail表示“使需要，承擔(dān)，引起”；A項(xiàng)withhold“保留，隱瞞”，B項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”，C項(xiàng)overtake“改善，壓倒”，D項(xiàng)impose“利用，強(qiáng)加”。句意：改變計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)將需要大量的再培訓(xùn)時(shí)間。根據(jù)句意可知，“需要大量的時(shí)間”相當(dāng)于“延長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Henrylookedverymuch（）whenhewascaughtcheatinginthebiologyexam.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discouraged

B.embarrassed

C.disappointed

D.bewildered

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析。discouraged“氣餒的”;embarrassed“尷尬的”;disappointed“失望的,沮喪的”,bewildered“困惑的”。句意:當(dāng)Henry在生物考試中因?yàn)樽鞅妆蛔r(shí),他顯得非常尷尬。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

17.單選題

()，wirelesscommunicationswillincreasinglybecomepartofthefabricofeverydaylife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inyearstocome

B.Sincecomingyears

C.Foryearstocome

D.Overcomingyears

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。Inyearstocome“在未來(lái)的幾年中”；sincecomingyears無(wú)此表達(dá)方式；foryearstocome無(wú)此用法；overcomingyears無(wú)此用法。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Ourgenerationhasmadesuchimmensediscoveriesandachievedsuchundreamedenrichmentsoftheoutsideoflife,thatithaslosttouchwiththeinsideoflife.Ithasforgottenthetruerichesandbeautiesofitsspiritualinheritance:richesandbeautiesthatgofarbeyondourmodernchatteraboutvaluesandideals.Themind'ssearchformorebreadthhasobscuredtheheart'scravingformoredepth.Onceagainmanhasbecomethedupeofhisowncleverness.Andbecauseitisdifficulttoattendtomorethanafewthingsatatime,weleaveoutagreatrangeofexperienceswhichcomesinbyanotherrouteandtellsusofanotherkindoflife.Ourinterestrushesouttothefarthestlimitsoftheuniverse,butweseldomtakeasoundingoftheoceanbeneathourrestlesskeels.Weget,therefore,aqueerfeelingthatweareleavingsomethingout.Knowledgehasgrown;butwisdom,savoringthedeepwonderandmysteryoflife,lingersfarbehind.Thusthelifeofthehumanspirit,whichoughttomaintainabalancebetweentheworldvisibleandtheworldinvisible,isthrownoutofgear.

1.Whichofthefollowingmaybestserveasthetitleofthepassage?

2.Theauthorofthispassageimplieshisconcernoverman's（）

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatmanneedsto（）

4.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthepassage?

5.Whatissomethingthatweareleavingoutaccordingtotheauthor?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Man'sNeedforWisdom.

B.TheInvisibleWorld.

C.TheHeartandMindofMan.

D.TheGrowthofKnowledge.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.inhumanitytoothermen

B.emphasisonthematerialisticinlife

C.explorationsinthefarthestlimitsoftheuniverse

D.lackofknowledgeofthevisibleworld

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.becleverer.

B.learntodomorethanonethingatatime

C.givemoreattentiontothespirit

D.becomemoresocial

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thesoulofmenisrestless.

B.Peoplespendtoomuchtimeinidletalk.

C.Manistooconcernedwiththingsofthespirit.

D.Manshouldsearchformorebreadthinhislife.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Immensediscoveries

B.Undreamedenrichmentsoftheoutsideoflife

C.Wisdom

D.Knowledge

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。這段文章主要講述了人類追求外在物質(zhì)的世界而忽略了內(nèi)在的精神世界的情況。文章的倒數(shù)第二句“Knowledgehasgrown;butwisdom,savoringthedeepwonderandmysteryoflife,lingersfarbehind.”進(jìn)行了點(diǎn)題,人們的知識(shí)增長(zhǎng)了,但智慧卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后,所以人們需要智慧。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)上一題可以知道,文章就是在說(shuō)人類追求外在物質(zhì)的世界而忽略了內(nèi)在的精神世界的情況,所以由此推斷,作者擔(dān)心的是人類過(guò)于關(guān)注物質(zhì)世界。選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。福據(jù)文章中的Ithasforgottenthetruerichesandbeautiesofitsspiritualinheritance?？梢灾雷髡哌€是很希望大家更多的關(guān)注內(nèi)在世界,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文中“Weget,therefore,aqueerfeelingthatweareleavingsomethingout.”我們有一種奇怪的感覺(jué),覺(jué)得我們遺漏了什么。選項(xiàng)B說(shuō)的是表象,選項(xiàng)C和D錯(cuò)誤。所以只有選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文中的倒數(shù)第二句“Knowledgehasgrown;butwisdom,savoringthedeepwonderandmysteryoflife,lingersfarbehind.”由此推斷,人們遺失的是智慧。

19.單選題

Sadly,theGiantPandaisoneofthemanyspeciesnowindangerof（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinction

B.migration

C.destruction

D.extraction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。extinction“滅絕，消滅”；migration“遷移，移民”；destruction“毀滅”；extraction“取出，抽出”。句意：令人悲傷的是，大熊貓現(xiàn)在成了瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物種類之一。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.翻譯題

(1)StanBelin(斯坦?貝林)wasborninthe1930stoanurbanfamilylockedinthegripoftheGreatDepression.Hiswasafracturedfamily,oneinwhichhisparentsfoughtconstantly.Ilivedwithafeelingofimpendingdoom,hesays.Thisfeardrovehimtobeamodelchild.

Stanhasavividmemoryofonceleaningagainstabridgerailingasaboyandgazingatahandsomepartyboatpassingbelow.Hecouldseepeopleondeckenjoyingtheirouting.(2)Itwasasceneofcomfortandluxuryhecouldhardlyhaveimagined.Thatmentalpictureinfluencedtheboy’sideaofsuccess.Hisgoalsbecamemoney,power,andprestige.

Standidwellinschool.Hefoundhisgreatestacademicsuccessinhissciencecourses.Buthelackedtheconfidencetopursueamedicalcareerandturnedtodentistryasaquickerroutetohislife’sgoals.

(3)Hemarriedayoungwomanhehadknownsincehighschool,andforover20yearsStanandJanelivedalifethatmanypeoplewouldenvy.Hisreputationspread,themoneystartedrollinginandhewasappointedtoaprestigiouspositionbyhisstategovernment.Twohealthychildrenwereborn.

(4)Thefamilyhadamagnificenthouse,expensiveautomobilesandtookexoticvacations.

ThecrowningtouchforStancamewhenheboughtaluxuryyachtandsailedtothebridgewhere,asachild,hehadfirstglimpsedwhathehopedwouldbehisfuture.“ItoldJanethestory,”hesays.(5)“AsIspoke,Irealizedthatsomethingwasallwrong.IpossessedeverythingIhadeverdreamedof,butIfeltverysadandhopeless.Whatwasworse,Iknewitwouldneverchange.”

Thenintheearly1980s,adoctorfriendinvitedStantodinner.Thefriendsaidhehadbeenusingcocaineasanantidepressant.Hedescribeditasamarvelousnoaddictivedrug.Standecidedthedrugmightbejustrightforhisowndepression.

【答案】1.斯坦?貝林出生于20世紀(jì)30年代一個(gè)陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條困境之中的城市家庭。

2.這種舒適與奢侈的情景是他無(wú)法想象的。這一情景銘刻在他的腦海里，影響著他對(duì)成功的看法。

3.他娶了一位中學(xué)時(shí)代就認(rèn)識(shí)的女子為妻，20多年來(lái)，他和妻子簡(jiǎn)過(guò)著令人稱羨的生活。

4.他們有華麗的住宅和昂貴的汽車，還常常出國(guó)度假。

5.說(shuō)話時(shí)，我忽然意識(shí)到情況很不對(duì)勁。我已擁有曾經(jīng)夢(mèng)寐以求的一切，但卻感到悲傷無(wú)望。更糟糕的是，我知道這種狀況將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變。

21.單選題

—Hehas（）littletimeforreading.

—Ihaveneverseen（）littleboxes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.such;so

B.so;so

C.so;such

D.such;sucha

【答案】C

【解析】句意:——他讀書(shū)的時(shí)間少得可憐。

——我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那樣小的盒子。

考查副詞辨析。用solittle還是suchlittle取決于little的意思：表示數(shù)量方面的“少”，則用solittle;表示形狀體積的“小”，則用suchlittle.即，句中若出現(xiàn)little（少），much,many,few必須用so,因此，第一句中的little是指“少”，故用so;第二句中的little是形容體積的“小”，故用such。

22.單選題

Asachild,timeusedtomoveasslowlyaslightningbugsdriftinthesummereveningskies,butasanadult,timeis_____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transmitting

B.peripatetic

C.nomadic

D.ephemeral

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)“傳送；輸送”，B項(xiàng)“巡回工作的；流動(dòng)的”，C項(xiàng)“游牧的”，D項(xiàng)“短暫的”。根據(jù)題干中的but，可知前后為對(duì)比，結(jié)合句意：小時(shí)候，時(shí)間總是像夏天傍晚天空中的閃電蟲(chóng)一樣緩慢移動(dòng)，但成年后，時(shí)間是。因此選D項(xiàng)。

23.單選題

Chineseoftenshakemyhandanddon’tletgo.Theytalkawaycontentedly,（

）ofmydiscomfortandstruggletodisengagemyhand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.oblivious

B.patent

C.obvious

D.pernicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。oblivious“不知道的；未覺(jué)察到的”；patent“專利的；顯然的”；obvious“明顯的；顯著的”；pernicious“有害的；惡性的。句意：中國(guó)人經(jīng)常握住我的手不放。他們非常滿意地交流，沒(méi)有察覺(jué)到我的不舒服和試圖解開(kāi)自己的手。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

24.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：在打字的時(shí)候，凱西停下來(lái)梳理一下她柔順的長(zhǎng)發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同時(shí)地；eventually最終，最后；occasionally偶爾。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

25.單選題

Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey'realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.‘It'siniquitous,’theysay,‘thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustry(ifwecancallitthat)shouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it’stheconsumerwhopays...’

Thepooroldconsumer!He’dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc.,fromanadvertisement.

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.Wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybyelawswhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlycloselyprintedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities,

Wemustnotforget,cither,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogrammesisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice!

Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthe‘smallads.’whicharcinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe'hatch,matchanddispatch’columnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonalor'agony'column.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

1.Whatismainideaofthispassage?

2.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardadvertisersis（）.

3.Whydothecriticscriticizeadvertisers?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNotTrue?

5.Thepassageis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Advertisement.

B.Thebenefitsofadvertisement.

C.Advertisersperformausefulservicetocommunities.

D.Thecostsofadvertisement.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.appreciative.

B.trustworthy.

C.critical.

D.dissatisfactory.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseadvertisersoftenbrag.

B.Becausecriticsthinkadvertisementisa“wasteofmoney”.

C.Becausecustomersareencouragedtobuymorethannecessary.

D.Becausecustomerspaymore.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Advertisementmakescontributiontoourpocketsandwemayknoweverything.

B.Wecanbuywhatwewant.

C.Goodqualityproductsdon’tneedtobeadvertised.

D.Advertisementmakesourlifecolorful.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Narration.

B.Description.

C.Criticism.

D.Argumentation.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者在第一段引出廣告這個(gè)話題，接著在接下來(lái)的段落從不同的角度講述了廣告給人們帶來(lái)的便利，表面上看似乎是在講廣告的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但實(shí)際上是在講述廣告服務(wù)于社會(huì)的功能，而且第一段實(shí)際上也有提到廣告的缺點(diǎn)，不全是在講述廣告的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以選項(xiàng)C更為恰當(dāng)。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A選項(xiàng)appreciative“贊賞的”；B選項(xiàng)trustworthy“信任的”；C選項(xiàng)critical“批評(píng)的”；D選項(xiàng)dissatisfactory“不滿意的”。根據(jù)原文可知，作者所提到的大多是廣告積極的一面，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)其的態(tài)度是贊賞的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B“信任的”有點(diǎn)言過(guò)其實(shí)，畢竟作者在第一段也提及了廣告的缺點(diǎn)，所以談不上信任依賴，選B不正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的一、二句“Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey'realwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround.廣告商往往好高騖遠(yuǎn)，也許這就是他們總是招致批評(píng)的原因。批評(píng)者似乎對(duì)他們（廣告商）很氣憤，因?yàn)樗麄兩糜谧晕彝其N，而且有很多錢可以用來(lái)?yè)]霍。”由此可知，批評(píng)者批評(píng)廣告商是因?yàn)閺V告商喜歡吹噓，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“advertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.廣告為我們的口袋做出了積極的貢獻(xiàn)?！笨芍x項(xiàng)A正確；第二段提及“廣告可以提供信息，我們對(duì)家庭用品的了解很大程度上來(lái)自我們讀到的廣告”，也就是說(shuō)我們可以買到自己想買的東西，所以選項(xiàng)B正確；選項(xiàng)C“高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品不需要廣告”在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D“廣告使我們的生活多姿多彩”，在原文第三段的時(shí)候提及，符合原文。所以本題選C。

5.判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)Narration“敘事”；B選項(xiàng)Description“描寫”；C選項(xiàng)Criticism“批判”；D選項(xiàng)Argumentation“議論”。文章首段就是對(duì)廣告的批評(píng)，后面再通過(guò)對(duì)比的手法說(shuō)明廣告的功能，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

26.單選題

Mechanizationhasgradually（）manyoftheranchingandagriculturaljobsonceavailabletotheIndians,andfewindustrieshavebeenattractedtothearea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposed

B.eliminated

C.discarded

D.termin