考研考博-英語(yǔ)-大連東軟信息學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-大連東軟信息學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thebannersarepacked,theticketsbooked.Theglitterandwhiteoverallshavebeenbought.Thegasmasksjustfitandthemobilephonesareready.Allthatremainsistogettotheparties.

Thisweekwillseeafeastofpan-Europeanprotests.ItstartedonBastilleDay,lastSaturday,withtheFrenchunionsandimmigrantsonthestreetsandthefirstdemonstrationsinBritainandGermanyaboutclimate.ItwillcontinuetomorrowandThursdaywithenvironmentalandpeaceralliesagainstPresidentBush.ButthebigoneisinGenoa,onFridayandSaturday,wheretheG8leaderswillmeetbehindthelinesof18.000heavilyarmedpolice.UnlikePrague,Gothenburg,CologneorNice,GenoaisexpectedtobeEurope’sSeattle,thecomingtogetherofthedisparatestrandsofresistancetocorporateglobalization.

Neithertheprotestersnortheauthoritiesknowwhatwillhappen,butsomethingsarepredictable.Yes,therewillbeviolenceandyes,themassmediawillfocusonit.WhatshouldseriouslyconcerntheG8isnotsomuchtheviolence,thenumbersinthestreetsoreventhattheythemselveslooklikeidiotshidingbehindthebarricades,butthatthedeeprootsofagenuinenewversionofinternationalismaregrowing.

Forthefirsttimeinageneration,theinternationalpoliticalandeconomicconditionisinthedock.Moreover,theprotestersareunlikelytogoaway,theirconfidenceisgrowingratherthanwaning,theiragendasaremerging,theprotestsarespreadinganddrawinginallagesandconcerns.

Nosingleanalysishasdrawnallthestrandsofthedebatetogether.Inthemeantime,theglobalprotest“movement”isdevelopingitsownlanguage,texts,agendas,myths,heroesandvillains,justastheG8leaders,worldbodiesandbusinessestalkincreasinglyfromthesamescript,sotheprotesters’oncedisparatepoliticalandsocialanalysesareconverging.Thelong-termprojectofgovernmentsandworldbodiestoglobalizecapitalanddevelopmentisbeingmirroredbytheglobalizationofprotest.

Butwhathappensnext?Governmentsandworldbodiesareunsurewhichwaytoturn.Howeverwelltheyarepoliced,majorprotestsreinforcetheimpressionofindifferentelites,repressionofdebate,overreactiontodissent,injusticeandunaccountablepower.

Theiroptions―apartfromactuallyembracingthebroadagendabeingputtothem—aretoretreatbehindevenhigherbarricades,repressdissentfurther,abandonglobalmeetingsaltogetheror.morelikely,meetonlyinplacesabletophysicallyresistthemasses.

Brusselsisconsideringbuildingasuperfortressforinternationalmeetings.GenoamaybethelastoftheEuropeansuper-protests.

1.Accordingtothecontext,theword“parties”attheendofthefirstparagraphrefersto（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,economicglobalizationisparalleledby

（

）.

3.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatisBrusselsconsideringdoing?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeetingoftheG8leaders

B.theprotestsonBastilleDay.

C.thecomingpan-Europeanprotests

D.thebigprotesttobeheldinGenoa

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theemergingdifferencesintheglobalprotestmovement

B.thedisappearingdifferencesintheglobalprotestmovement

C.thegrowingEuropeanconcernaboutglobalization

D.theincreaseinthenumberofprotesters

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Meetinginplacesdifficulttoreach

B.Furtherrepressingdissent

C.Acceptingtheprotesters'agenda.

D.Abandoningglobalmeetings

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。結(jié)合上下文可知，這里的“parties”指的是第二段首句提及的“Thisweekwillseeafeastofpan-Europeanprotests.本周將有一場(chǎng)全歐洲的抗議盛宴?！边x項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致，所以正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“Thelong-termprojectofgovernmentsandworldbodiestoglobalizecapitalanddevelopmentisbeingmirroredbytheglobalizationofprotest.各國(guó)政府和世界機(jī)構(gòu)使資本和發(fā)展全球化的長(zhǎng)期項(xiàng)目正在抗議的全球化中得到反映。”這句話的意思是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，即全球抗議運(yùn)動(dòng)正在發(fā)展自己的語(yǔ)言、文字、議程、神話、英雄和壞人，就像G8領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人一樣，世界各地的機(jī)構(gòu)和企業(yè)越來(lái)越多地用同一套說(shuō)辭進(jìn)行對(duì)話。因此，抗議者曾經(jīng)迥然不同的政治和社會(huì)分析正在合并。也就是說(shuō)，他們之間的差異分歧正在逐步消除，因此選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段第一句“Brusselsisconsideringbuildingasuperfortressforinternationalmeetings.布魯塞爾正在考慮為國(guó)際會(huì)議建造一座超級(jí)堡壘?！边@里的超級(jí)堡壘即上一段所提及的“retreatbehindevenhigherbarricades.退到更高的街壘后面去。”也就是在難以到達(dá)的地方見面。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.單選題

Plasticsheetingshouldbewrappedaroundthetreeinwinnerto（）itfromthewindandthefrost.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recover

B.shield

C.shade

D.rescue

【答案】B

【解析】recoverfrom恢復(fù);shield與from庇護(hù),使免遭……;shade不與from搭配,rescuefrom從...中營(yíng)救。句意：應(yīng)該用塑料布把樹裹起來(lái),以防止風(fēng)和霜凍。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.單選題

Thereseemstobeno（

）thereadingpublic’sthirstforbooksaboutthe1960’s；indeed,thenormallevelofinteresthasincreasedrecentlybecauseofaspateofpopulartelevisiondocumentaries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.slaking

B.reference

C.decoration

D.soporific

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。slaking消散，消化；reference參考，提及；decoration裝飾；soporific催眠劑。句意：閱讀群眾對(duì)20世紀(jì)60年代的書籍的渴望并沒(méi)有減少；事實(shí)上，由于受一連串的通俗電視紀(jì)錄片的影響，普遍的興趣還增加了。根據(jù)句意及前后關(guān)系可知A項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

寫給未來(lái)的自己一封信當(dāng)你10年、20年或更多年后回顧過(guò)去時(shí)，你會(huì)吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著時(shí)光的流逝，你也發(fā)生了很大的變化。你的經(jīng)歷、朋友、家庭和工作造就了現(xiàn)在的你。但是再過(guò)幾年你會(huì)在哪里呢？你會(huì)如何變化呢？這樣反思性的寫作，會(huì)是思考未來(lái)你想要什么的一種好的方式。

你也許以前試過(guò)給過(guò)去的自己寫信，向年輕時(shí)的自己傳授一些人生的智慧和觀點(diǎn)，你希望那時(shí)候的自己就能知道這些。現(xiàn)在我們換個(gè)角度看問(wèn)題，如果讓你給未來(lái)的自己寫封信，你會(huì)寫點(diǎn)什么？

想象一下，給5年后的自己寫一封信，當(dāng)5年后你打開那封信時(shí)，你會(huì)產(chǎn)生多少共鳴。這是實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的一種有用的輔助工具，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你給未來(lái)的自己寫信時(shí)，你會(huì)慢慢理清希望自己在人生旅途的那個(gè)特定時(shí)刻變成什么樣子。

當(dāng)你在未來(lái)讀這封信時(shí)，你可以看看有多少事情是像你過(guò)去期望的那樣，你也會(huì)思考為什么會(huì)這樣。很多時(shí)候，我們?cè)O(shè)定目標(biāo)在實(shí)現(xiàn)的過(guò)程中會(huì)受到沿途中各種因素的影響，因?yàn)闀?huì)遇到各種各樣的困難、各種意外情況并需要不斷調(diào)整優(yōu)先級(jí)。

這封信能讓你從宏觀的角度上去看自己最初的愿景，讓你意識(shí)到自己現(xiàn)在的想法和過(guò)去相比有多么不同。

當(dāng)你以后看信時(shí)，你會(huì)把過(guò)去的自己和現(xiàn)在的自己進(jìn)行比較。這會(huì)讓你看清從寫信時(shí)起你發(fā)生了哪些變化，這種體驗(yàn)是非常有趣的。光看看從你寫信開始發(fā)生了哪些變化就很有趣了。

現(xiàn)在就拿出筆和紙，開始給未來(lái)的自己寫封信吧。找個(gè)合適的時(shí)間，想象你在那段時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)是什么樣子，然后開始寫信。想一想你想成為哪種人，你在生活中的位置、那時(shí)你的成就、你會(huì)有什么樣的想法和感覺，諸如此類的內(nèi)容。

寫完信，把它裝到信封里，在信封的封面上寫上日期，把它妥善保管起來(lái)。在自己的日歷中標(biāo)記一下打開這封信的日期。當(dāng)你以后打開信時(shí)，你可能會(huì)更好地洞察自己以及自己過(guò)去的生命歷程。

【答案】Whenyoulookbackonyourselfinthepast10,20,30ormoreyearsagoit’ssurprisingtoseehowmuchyouhavechangedovertime.Yourexperiences,yourfriends,yourfamilyandyourworkhaveallshapedwhoyouarerightnow.

Itisausefulsupplementarytooltobeusedingoalachievement,becausewhenyouwritethelettertoyourfutureself,ithelpscrystallizeexactlyhowyouanticipateyourselftobecomeatthatspecificmomentdowntheroad.

Oftentimes,thegoalswesetandourgoalachievementprocessaresubjectedtoalotofchangesalongtheway,duetovaryingobstacles,unanticipatedcircumstancesandchangingpriorities.

Thelettergivesyouamacro-viewofyourinitialvisionandletsyourecognizehowyourcurrentvisiondiffersfromthepast.

Whenyouopenthislettersometimeinthenearfuture,youmightgainadditionalinsightsaboutyourselfandyourjourneyinthepastfewyearsthatyouwereobliviousto.

5.單選題

Agreatamountofworkhasgoneinto（）theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)refresh“振作，恢復(fù)活力”；B選項(xiàng)restore“恢復(fù)，修復(fù)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)恢復(fù)原貌；C選項(xiàng)renovate“更新，修復(fù)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)整修一新；D選項(xiàng)renew“使更新，使修復(fù)”。句意：為了使大教堂恢復(fù)昔日的輝煌，進(jìn)行了大量的工作。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Itcanbearguedthatmuchconsumerdissatisfactionwithmarketingstrategiesarisesfromaninabilitytoaimadvertisingatonlythelikelybuyersofagivenproduct.Therearethreegroupsofconsumerswhoareaffectedbythemarketingprocess.First,thereisthemarketsegment—peoplewhoneedthecommodityinquestion.Second,thereistheprogramtarget—peopleinthemarketsegmentwiththe“bestfit”characteristicsforaspecificproduct.Lotsofpeoplemayneedtrousers,butonlyafewqualifyaslikelybuyersofveryexpensivedesignertrousers.Finallythereistheprogramaudience—allpeoplewhoareactuallyexposedtothemarketingprogramwithoutregardtowhethertheyneedorwanttheproduct.

Thesethreegroupsarerarelyidentical.Anexceptionoccursoccasionallyincaseswherecustomersforaparticularindustrialproductmaybefewandeasilyidentifiable.Suchcustomers,allsharingaparticularneed,arelikelytoformameaningfultarget,forexample,allcompanieswithaparticularapplicationoftheproductinquestion,suchashigh-speedfillersofbottlesatbreweries.Insuchcircumstances,directselling(marketingthatreachesonlytheprogramtarget)islikelytobeeconomicallyjustified,andhighlyspecializedtrademediaexisttoexposemembersoftheprogramtargetandonlymembersoftheprogramtarget—tothemarketingprogram.

Mostconsumer-goodsmarketsaresignificantlydifferent.Typically,therearemanyratherthanfewpotentialcustomers.Eachrepresentsarelativelysmallpercentageofpotentialsales.Rarelydomembersofaparticularmarketsegmentgroupthemselvesneatlyintoameaningfulprogramtarget.Therearesubstantialdifferencesamongconsumerswithsimilardemographiccharacteristics.Evenwithallthepastdecade’sadvancesininformationtechnology,directsellingofconsumergoodsisrare,andmassmarketing—amarketingapproachthataimsatawideaudience—remainstheonlyeconomicallyfeasiblemode.Unfortunately,therearefewmediathatallowthemarketertodirectamarketingprogramexclusivelytotheprogramtarget.Inevitablypeoplegetexposedtoagreatdealofmarketingforproductsinwhichtheyhavenointerestandsotheybecomeannoyed.

1.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouthighlyspecializedtrademedia?

2.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutdirectselling?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestexemplifiesthesituationdescribedinthelasttwosentencesofthepassage?

4.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthemarketingofindustrialproductslikethosediscussedinthesecondparagraph?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhichofthefollowingistrueformostconsumer-goodsmarkets?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareusedonlyforveryexpensiveproducts.

B.Theyshouldbeusedonlywhendirectsellingisnoteconomicallypossible.

C.Theycanbeusedtoexcludefromtheprogramaudiencepeoplewhoarenotpartoftheprogramtarget.

D.Theyarerarelyusedintheimplementationofmarketingprogramsforindustrialproducts.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisusedinthemarketingofmostindustrialproducts.

B.Itisoftenusedincaseswherethereisalargeprogramtarget.

C.Itisnoteconomicallyfeasibleformostmarketingprograms.

D.Itisusedonlyforproductsforwhichtherearemanypotentialcustomers.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Aproductsuitableforwomenage21-30ismarketedatmeetingsattendedonlybypotentialcustomers.

B.Acompanydevelopsanewproductandmustdevelopanadvertisingcampaigntocreateamarketforit.

C.Anideaforaspecializedproductremainsunexploredbecausemediaexposureoftheproducttoitsfewpotentialcustomerswouldbetooexpensive.

D.Aproductsuitableformenage60andoverisadvertisedinamagazinereadbyadultsofallages.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Themarketsegmentandprogramtargetareidentical.

B.Massmarketingistheonlyfeasiblewayofadvertisingsuchproducts.

C.Themarketingprogramcannotbedirectedspecificallytotheprogramtarget.

D.Morecustomerswouldbeneededtojustifytheexpenseofdirectselling.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theprogramaudienceissmallerthanthemarketsegment.

B.Theprogramaudienceandthemarketsegmentareusuallyidentical.

C.Themarketsegmentandtheprogramtargetareusuallyidentical.

D.Theprogramtargetandtheprogramaudiencearenotusuallyidentical.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Therearethreegroupsofconsumerswhoareaffectedbythemarketingprocess.First…peoplewhoneedthecommodityinquestion.Second…peopleinthemarketsegmentwiththe‘bestfit’characteristicsforaspecificproduct…Finally…allpeoplewhoareactuallyexposedtothemarketingprogram…”，可知有三種消費(fèi)者受到市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷的影響。第一種是真正需要商品的人，第二種是適合某種特殊商品的人，第三種是接觸到營(yíng)銷項(xiàng)目的所有人。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句，“…h(huán)ighlyspecializedtrademediaexisttoexposemembersoftheprogramtargetandonlymembersoftheprogramtarget—tothemarketingprogram.”，高度專業(yè)化的行業(yè)媒體的存在是為了讓營(yíng)銷項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)成員和只有接觸營(yíng)銷目標(biāo)的成員了解營(yíng)銷方案?？膳袛喑龈叨葘I(yè)化的行業(yè)媒體可以用來(lái)把不屬于營(yíng)銷目標(biāo)的人排除在營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃之外。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Evenwithallthepastdecade’sadvancesininformationtechnology,directsellingofconsumergoodsisrare,andmassmarketing—amarketingapproachthataimsatawideaudience—remainstheonlyeconomicallyfeasiblemode.”，盡管在過(guò)去的十年里，信息技術(shù)取得了很大的進(jìn)步，但直接銷售消費(fèi)品還是很少見的，而大眾營(yíng)銷——一種針對(duì)廣大受眾的營(yíng)銷方式——仍然是唯一經(jīng)濟(jì)上可行的模式。可判斷出直接銷售目前仍然不是經(jīng)濟(jì)上可能的模式。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句，“Unfortunately,therearefewmediathatallowthemarketertodirectamarketingprogramexclusivelytotheprogramtarget.Inevitablypeoplegetexposedtoagreatdealofmarketingforproductsinwhichtheyhavenointerestandsotheybecomeannoyed.”，不幸的是，很少有媒體允許營(yíng)銷人員將營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃完全針對(duì)計(jì)劃目標(biāo)。不可避免地，人們會(huì)接觸到大量的營(yíng)銷產(chǎn)品，而他們對(duì)這些產(chǎn)品并不感興趣，而且會(huì)感到厭煩?？膳袛喑鲆环N適合60歲以上男性的產(chǎn)品在各年齡段的成年人都能閱讀的雜志上登廣告，這種現(xiàn)象剛好反映了這一問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Anexceptionoccursoccasionallyincaseswherecustomersforaparticularindustrialproductmaybefewandeasilyidentifiable.Suchcustomers,allsharingaparticularneed,arelikelytoformameaningfultarget…”，在特定工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的客戶可能很少且很容易識(shí)別的情況下，偶爾會(huì)出現(xiàn)例外。這些共有特定需求的客戶很可能形成一個(gè)有意義的目標(biāo)，可判斷出特定工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的細(xì)分市場(chǎng)和營(yíng)銷目標(biāo)是一致的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Mostconsumer-goodsmarketsaresignificantlydifferent.Typically,therearemanyratherthanfewpotentialcustomers.”，大多數(shù)消費(fèi)品的市場(chǎng)都有很大的區(qū)別。通常，這些市場(chǎng)的潛在客戶很多?？膳袛喑龃蠖鄶?shù)消費(fèi)品市場(chǎng)的市場(chǎng)目標(biāo)和營(yíng)銷受眾是不一致的，存在區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Acompleteinvestigationintothecausesoftheaccidentshouldleadtoimprovedstandardsandshould（

）newoperatingprocedures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resultin

B.matchwith

C.subjectto

D.proceedwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。resultin意為“引起，導(dǎo)致”；matchwith意為“與……相配，與……一致”；

subjectto意為“使服從，使遭受”；proceedwith意為“繼續(xù)做……”。

句意：對(duì)事故原因進(jìn)行全面調(diào)查會(huì)導(dǎo)致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)改善和操作新程序的產(chǎn)生。

8.單選題

Shewassoabsorbedinreadingthatnoisecouldnot______her.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dismiss

B.dispatch

C.disperse

D.distract

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)dismiss“解散，解雇，開除”，B項(xiàng)dispatch“派遣，發(fā)送，迅速處理”，C項(xiàng)disperse“分散，使散開”，D項(xiàng)distract“轉(zhuǎn)移，分心”。由beabsorbedin（全神貫注于）和so…that…（如此……以至于……）可知，D項(xiàng)符合。句意：她全神貫注地讀書，喧鬧聲不能使她分心。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Everyonehasamomentinhistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim.Itisthemomentwhenhisemotionsachievetheirmostpowerfulswayoverhim.andafterwardwhenyousaytothisperson“theworldtoday”or“l(fā)ife”or“reality”，hewillassumethatyoumeanthismoment,evenifitisfiftyyearspast.Theworld,throughhisunleashedemotions,imprinteditselfuponhim,andhecarriesthestampofthatpassingmomentforever.

Forme,thismoment—fouryearsinamomentinhistory一wasthewar.Thewarwasandisrealityforme,Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteristics:FranklinDelanoRooseveltisthepresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhealwayshasbeen.TheothertwoeternalworldleadersareWinstonChurchillandJosephStalin.Americaisnot,neverhasbeen,andneverwillbewhatthesongandpoemscallit,alandofplenty.

Nylon,meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare.Therearetoomanyjobsandnotenoughworkers.Moneyisveryeasytoearnbutratherhardtospend,becausethereisn'tverymuchtobuy.Trainsarealwayslateandalwayscrowdedwith“servicemen".ThewarwillalwaysbefoughtveryfarfromAmerica,anditwillneverend.NothinginAmericastandsstillforverylong,includingthepeoplewhoarealwayseitherleavingoronleave.PeopleinAmericacryoften.Sixteenisthekeyandcrucialandnaturalageforahumanbeingtobe,andpeopleofallotheragesarerangedinanorderlymanneraheadofandbehindyouasaharmonioussettingforthesixteen-year-oldsoftheworld.Whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyimpressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyforeseeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.Youdonotforeseeit.TowasteanythinginAmericaisimmoral.Stringandtinfoilaretreasures,Newspapersarealwayscrowedwithstrangemapsandnamesoftowns,andeveryfewmonthstheearthseemstolurchfromitspathwhenyouseesomethinginthenewspapers,suchasthetimeMussolini,whoalmostseemedoneoftheeternalleaders,isphotographedhangingupsidedownonameathook.

1.Whichstatementbestdepictsthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Theauthorstillclearlyremembersthewarbecause（

）.

3.Whichstatementbestdescribestheauthor'sfeelingsaboutthewar?

4.Theauthorthinksthatadultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-oldsbecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Realityiswhatyoumakeofit.

B.Timeislikeariver.

C.Emotionsarepowerful.

D.Everypersonhasaspecialmoment.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasPresident.

B.itwashispersonalrealityandpartofhislife.

C.therewasnotmuchtobuy

D.thewarwouldneverend.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itwaseverrealforhim,yethewasnotactivelyinvolved.

B.Itwasrealforhimbecausehewasasoldieratthattime.

C.Itwasveryunrealtohim.

D.Thewarwasverydisruptivetothepeopleathome.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.adultswouldliketobeyoung

B.sixteen-year-oldsdonotwastethings

C.sixteen-year-oldsreadnewspapers

D.theywillbefightingsoonforadults.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由第一段第一句“Everyonehasamomentinhistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim.每個(gè)人都有屬于自己的歷史時(shí)刻?！焙笪奶岬搅艘粓?chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)樵谠搼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)中有屬于作者的歷史時(shí)刻。答案D

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Forme,thismoment—fouryearsinamomentinhistory—wasthewar.Thewarwasandisrealityforme,Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，四年的歷史時(shí)刻是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在都是現(xiàn)實(shí)，我仍然本能地在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的氛圍中生活和思考。”可知B項(xiàng)“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)人經(jīng)歷也是生活的一部分”正確，答案B。

第3題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thewarwasandisrealityforme,Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在都是真實(shí)的，我仍然本能地想起和生活在那種環(huán)境里?！盇項(xiàng)“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)于作者來(lái)說(shuō)是真實(shí)的，盡管他沒(méi)有積極投身戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中?！狈项}意。答案A

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段“Whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyimpressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyforeseeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.當(dāng)你16歲時(shí)，成年人會(huì)對(duì)你有輕微的印象，甚至?xí)荒銍樀?。他們預(yù)見到你們的軍事未來(lái)，最終解決了這個(gè)難題：為他們而戰(zhàn)?！笨芍赡耆藢?duì)16歲的孩子有印象是因?yàn)樗麄兤诖?6歲的人能夠?yàn)樗麄兌鴳?zhàn)。故D項(xiàng)正確。答案D

10.單選題

Nowscientistscannotrealize（）soonthatexistingscientificknowledgeisnotnearlysocomplete,certainandunalterableasmanytextbooksseemtoimply.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.very

C.too

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】cannot...too...“無(wú)論怎樣……也不過(guò)分”“越……越好”。本句意為：“現(xiàn)有的科學(xué)知識(shí)并不像課本中所說(shuō)的那么完善、肯定、不可改變，對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)科學(xué)家認(rèn)識(shí)得越早越好?！逼渌x項(xiàng)均無(wú)此搭配。

11.填空題

MakingEveryDropCount

AThehistoryofhumancivilizationisentwinedwiththehistoryofthewayswehavelearnedtomanipulatewaterresources.Astownsgraduallyexpanded,waterwasbroughtfromincreasinglyremotesources,leadingtosophisticatedengineeringeffortssuchasdamsandaqueducts.AttheheightoftheRomanEmpire,ninemajorsystems,withaninnovativelayoutofpipesandwell-builtsewers,suppliedtheoccupantsofRomewithasmuchwaterperpersonasisprovidedinmanypartsoftheindustrialworldtoday.

BDuringtheindustrialrevolutionandpopulationexplosionofthe19thand20thcenturies,thedemandforwaterrosedramatically.Unprecedentedconstructionoftensofthousandsofmonumentalengineeringprojectsdesignedtocontrolfloods,protectcleanwatersupplies,andprovidewaterforirrigationandhydropowerbroughtgreatbenefitstohundredsofmillionsofpeople.Foodproductionhaskeptpacewithsoaringpopulationsmainlybecauseoftheexpansionofartificialirrigationsystemsthatmakepossiblethegrowthof40%oftheworld’sfood.Nearlyonefifthofalltheelectricitygeneratedworldwideisproducedbyturbinesspunbythepoweroffallingwater.

CYetthereisadarksidetothispicture,despiteourprogress,halfoftheworld’spopulationsstillsuffers,withwaterservicesinferiortothoseavailabletotheancientGreeksandRomans.AstheUnitedNationsreportonaccesstowaterreiteratedinNovember2001,morethanonebillionpeoplelackaccesstocleandrinkingwater,sometwoandahalfbilliondonothaveadequatesanitationservices.Preventablewater-relateddiseaseskillanestimated10,000to20,0000childreneveryday,andthelatestevidencesuggeststhatwearefallingbehindineffortstosolvetheseproblems.

DTheconsequencesofourwaterpoliciesextendbeyondjeopardizinghumanhealth.Tensofmillionsofpeoplehavebeenforcedtomovefromtheirhomes—oftenwithlittlewarningorcompensation—tomakewayforthereservoirsbehinddams.Morethan20%ofallfreshwaterfishspeciesarenowthreatenedorendangeredbecausedamsandwaterwithdrawalshavedestroyedthefree-flowingriverecosystemswheretheythrive.Certainirrigationpracticesdegradesoilqualityandreduceagriculturalproductivity.GroundwateraquifersarebeingpumpeddownfasterthantheyarenaturallyreplenishedinpartsofIndia,China,theUSAandelsewhere.Anddisputesoversharedwaterresourceshaveledtoviolenceandcontinuetoraiselocal,nationalandeveninternationaltensions.

EAttheoutsetofthenewmillennium,however,thewayresourceplannersthinkaboutwaterisbeginningtochange.Thefocusisslowlyshiftingbacktotheprovisionofbasichumanandenvironmentalneedsastoppriorityensuring‘someforall’，insteadof‘moreforsome’.Somewaterexpertsarenowdemandingthatexistinginfrastructurebeusedinsmarterwaysratherthanbuildingnewfacilities,whichisincreasinglyconsideredtheoptionoflast,notfirst,resort.Thisshiftinphilosophyhasnotbeenuniversallyaccepted,anditcomeswithstrongoppositionformsomeestablishedwaterorganizations.Nevertheless,itmaybetheonlywaytoaddresssuccessfullythepressingproblemsofprovidingeveryonewithcleanwatertodrink,adequatewatertogrowfoodandalifefreefrompreventablewater-relatedillness.

FFortunately—andunexpectedly—thedemandforwaterisnotrisingasrapidlyassomepredicted.Asaresult,thepressuretobuildnewwaterinfrastructureshasdiminishedoverthepasttwodecades.Althoughpopulation,industrialoutputandeconomicproductivityhavecontinuedtosoarindevelopednations,therateatwhichpeoplewithdrawwaterfromaquifers,riversandlakeshasslowed.Andinafewpartsoftheworld,demandhasactuallyfallen.

GWhatexplainsthisremarkableturnofevents?Twofactors:peoplehavefiguredouthowtousewatermoreefficiently,andcommunitiesarerethinkingtheirprioritiesforwateruse.Throughoutthefirstthree-quartersofthe20thcentury,thequantityoffreshwaterconsumedperpersondoubledonaverage;intheUSA，waterwithdrawalsincreasedtenfoldwhilethepopulationquadrupled.Butsince1980,theamountofwaterconsumedperpersonhasactuallydecreased,thankstoarangeofnewtechnologiesthathelptoconservewaterinhomesandindustry.In1965,forinstance,Japanusedapproximately13milliongallonsofwatertoproduce$1millionofcommercialoutput;by1989thishaddroppedto3.5milliongallons(evenaccountingforinflation)—almostaquadruplingofwaterproductivity.IntheUSA,waterwithdrawalshavefallenbymorethan20%fromtheirpeakin1980.

HOntheotherhand,dams,aqueductsandotherkindsofinfrastructurewillstillhavetobebuilt,particularlyindevelopingcountrieswherebasichumanneedshavenotbeenmet.Butsuchprojectsmustbebuilttohigherspecificationsandwithmoreaccountabilitytolocalpeopleandtheirenvironmentthaninthepast.Andeveninregionswherenewprojectsseemwarranted,wemustfindwaystomeetdemandswithfewerresources,respectingecologicalcriteriaandtoasmallerbudget.

【答案】1.xi

2.vii

3.v

4.i

5.ix

6.ii

7.x

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段，“Thehistoryofhumancivilizationisentwinedwiththehistoryofthewayswehavelearnedtomanipulatewaterresources.”，人類文明史與我們學(xué)會(huì)如何運(yùn)用水資源的歷史交織在一起。第一段最后列舉了羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)期對(duì)水資源的控制，建立了發(fā)達(dá)的水利系統(tǒng)，給羅馬人提供了充足的水?？膳袛喑鯝段的主要內(nèi)容為古代的供水系統(tǒng)。選項(xiàng)xi符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第三段，“morethanonebillionpeoplelackaccesstocleandrinkingwater,sometwoandahalfbilliondonothaveadequatesanitationservices.Preventablewater-relateddiseaseskillanestimated10,000to20,0000childreneveryday”，超過(guò)10億人缺乏干凈的飲用水，約25億人沒(méi)有足夠的衛(wèi)生凈水設(shè)備。據(jù)估計(jì)，每天1萬(wàn)至2萬(wàn)名兒童死于與水有關(guān)的可預(yù)防疾病?？膳袛喑鯟段的主要內(nèi)容為水和健康之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。選項(xiàng)vii符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章第四段，“Morethan20%ofallfreshwaterfishspeciesarenowthreatenedorendangeredbecausedamsandwaterwithdrawalshavedestroyedthefree-flowingriverecosystemswheretheythrive.”，超過(guò)20%的淡水魚物種現(xiàn)在受到威脅或?yàn)l臨滅絕，因?yàn)榇髩魏腿∷茐牧怂鼈冑囈陨娴淖杂闪鲃?dòng)的河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。本段還列舉了更多因?yàn)樾藿ㄋ到y(tǒng)而帶來(lái)的環(huán)境影響，可判斷D段的主要內(nèi)容為環(huán)境問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)v符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第五段，“Somewaterexpertsarenowdemandingthatexistinginfrastructurebeusedinsmarterwaysratherthanbuildingnewfacilities”，一些水資源專家現(xiàn)在要求以更明智的方式使用現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，而不是建設(shè)新的設(shè)施，下文繼續(xù)強(qiáng)調(diào)了專家們?cè)谟^念上和措施上提出的轉(zhuǎn)變。可判斷出E段的主要內(nèi)容為科學(xué)家們呼吁對(duì)政策進(jìn)行改變。選項(xiàng)i符合題意。

5.根據(jù)文章第六段，“Fortunately—andunexpectedly—thedemandforwaterisnotrisingasrapidlyassomepredicted…inafewpartsoftheworld,demandhasactuallyfallen.”，出乎意料的是，對(duì)水的需求并沒(méi)有像一些人預(yù)測(cè)的那樣迅速增長(zhǎng)。在世界上的一些地方，對(duì)水的需求實(shí)際上已經(jīng)下降?？膳袛喑鯢段主要提到了人們對(duì)水的需求出現(xiàn)了令人驚訝的下降趨勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)ix符合題意。

6.根據(jù)文章第七段，“Whatexplainsthisremarkableturnofevents?Twofactors:peoplehavefiguredouthowtousewatermoreefficiently,andcommunitiesarerethinkingtheirprioritiesforwateruse.”，如何解釋對(duì)水資源的需求下降（上一段已提及）的這一顯著的轉(zhuǎn)變？?jī)蓚€(gè)因素：人們已經(jīng)知道如何更有效地用水，并且正在重新考慮他們用水的優(yōu)先次序。可判斷出G段主要對(duì)上一段提到的水資源需求下降的解釋。選項(xiàng)ii符合題意。

7.根據(jù)文章第八段，“Butsuchprojectsmustbebuilttohigherspecificationsandwithmoreaccountabilitytolocalpeopleandtheirenvironmentthaninthepast.”，與過(guò)去相比，這些項(xiàng)目必須按照更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建造，必須考慮到當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窦捌洵h(huán)境影響。可判斷出人們對(duì)水資源基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)提出了更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。選項(xiàng)x符合題意。

12.問(wèn)答題

Manygovernmentsaregrowingincreasinglydeterminedtostampoutthathasbeenreferred

A

B

C

toasthe“corruptioneruption”.

D

【答案】試題答案：C;what

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。that不能充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)，分析句子可知從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此將that改為what。

13.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandputyouranswersonAnswerSheet.

皮影戲（ShadowPlay）是中國(guó)民間廣為流傳的傀儡戲之一，兩千年前的西漢時(shí)期誕生在中國(guó)陜西，清代在河北盛極一時(shí)。皮影戲的人物道具用獸皮或紙板剪成，演員在一塊隔亮布后操縱道具進(jìn)行表演。中國(guó)的不少地方戲曲劇種都是從皮影戲中派生而來(lái)。如今，中國(guó)皮影被世界各國(guó)的博物館收藏，還是中國(guó)政府與其他國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人相互往來(lái)時(shí)的饋贈(zèng)佳品。

【答案】AsoneoftheearliestoperaformsandasortofwidespreadpuppetplayinChina,ShadowpuppetrywasborninShaanxi,China,duringtheWesternHanDynasty2,000yearsago,andflourishedinHebeiduringtheQingDynasty.Itscharactersandpropsaremadeofanimalskinsorpaperboardsandthestorywasperformedbyilluminatingtheseimageswiththehelpoflamplight.Whileperforming,theperformersmanipulatethecharactersbehindthewhitecurtain.ManylocaloperasinChinaarederivedfromshadowplay.Nowadays,Chineseshadowpuppetsarecollectedinmuseumsaroundtheworld,andareoftenpresentedasgiftsbytheChinesegovernmenttoleadersofothercountrieswhentheyinteractwitheachother.

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish.

誰(shuí)能否