考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津國(guó)土資源和房屋職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津國(guó)土資源和房屋職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theoriginalelectionsweredeclared（

）bytheformermilitaryruler.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.void

B.vulgar

C.surplus

D.extravagant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。void意為“無(wú)效的，空的”；vulgar意為“庸俗的，粗俗的，粗野的”；surplus意為“過(guò)剩的”；extravagant意為“奢侈的，揮霍的，過(guò)分的”。

句意：最初的選舉被先前軍事統(tǒng)治統(tǒng)治者宣布無(wú)效。

2.單選題

Hewillbeconsideredtohavenothinglessthanfullacquaintancewiththenatureofthethingandtoshareintheknowledgeofit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.limitationt

B.remarkt

C.ownershipt

D.understanding

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。acquaintance表示“了解，相識(shí)”；A項(xiàng)limitation“限制”，B項(xiàng)remark“注意，言辭”，C項(xiàng)ownership“所有權(quán)，物主身份”，D項(xiàng)understanding“理解”。句意：他將被認(rèn)為完全了解事物的性質(zhì)，并分享對(duì)它的知識(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.問(wèn)答題

Humanbeingsarepayingalotformedicineandarenotgettingallthat(A)theythinktheyare(B)paying(C)aguaranteeto(D)endlessbetterment.

【答案】試題答案：C;payingfor

【解析】考查固定搭配。payfor（為……而付出，因……而付出）中的pay為不及物動(dòng)詞，for表示原因。

4.單選題

ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare’stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguage,aswellasvariouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.

ItisvirtuallyimpossibletoestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguage.ThepurposesforwhichEnglishislearnedandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttodefineandstillmoredifficulttoassesswhatconstitutesanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.

ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresent-dayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besidesservingtheinfiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofthemostimportantworksinscience,technology,andotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedforsuchpurposesasmeteorologicalandairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthedissemination（傳播）ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerceindustry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforaccesstothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentintheWest.

26.Thereareabout260millionpeoplewhocanspeak__________.

27.Accordingtothispassage,theEnglishlanguagemightbeused

__________.

28.Theauthorseemstobewondering__________.

29.“thesecountries”（Para.3）mostprobablyrefersto__________.

30.Acommonlanguageisnecessaryforsomemulti-lingualcountries__________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Englishinitsregionalvariety

B.Englishinitsstandardvariety

C.Englishasasecondlanguage

D.Englishasaworkinglanguage

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.foronlyonereasonthatEnglishisbecominganinternationallanguage

B.mainlybypeoplefromtheAmericancontinentandtheEuropeancontinent

C.asanofficiallanguageinaninternationalconferenceontheAmericanculture

D.inscienceandtechnologyaswellasinculturalandhistoricalstudiesofallcountries

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whatmakesupone’sadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglish

B.whyEnglishcanservesomanyneedsofvariouspeople

C.howtorelatethetechnologicalproblemsinairportcommunications

D.whenEnglishbecamesowidelyused

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopingcountrieswhichusedtobecolonies

B.theformerBritishcolonieswhichnowaredeveloping

C.thecolonizedcountrieswhichbecomeasstrongasBritain

D.thedevelopingcountrieswhicharestillcolonizedbyBritain

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.forbothinternalandinternationalcommunications

B.foraccesstothedevelopmentinothercountries

C.forhigherefficiencyofthegovernmentandbetterlifeofthepublic

D.forwidercommunicationsamongcolonialnations

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第一段第二三句，Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguage…“今天，據(jù)估計(jì)大約有2.6億人把英語(yǔ)作為母語(yǔ)使用，主要分布在美國(guó)、加拿大、英國(guó)、愛(ài)爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞和新西蘭。除了在這些地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)變體外，還有許多地區(qū)和社會(huì)的英語(yǔ)變體”，由此可知答案選B選項(xiàng)“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)”。

A選項(xiàng)“具有地域多樣性的英語(yǔ)”，見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)，由此可知這里錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“英語(yǔ)作為第二語(yǔ)言”，文章沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選。

D選項(xiàng)“作為工作語(yǔ)言的英語(yǔ)”，文章沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選。

27.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第三段第二句話Besidesservingtheinfiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofthemostimportantworksinscience,technology,andotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.“除了滿足以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的需求外，在科學(xué)、技術(shù)和其他領(lǐng)域，一些最重要的著作也是用英語(yǔ)寫成的，而且這些著作并不總是由以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人寫成的”，從這里可知D選項(xiàng)“（被用）在科學(xué)和技術(shù)以及所有國(guó)家的文化和歷史研究中”正確；

A選項(xiàng)“英語(yǔ)成為國(guó)際語(yǔ)言只有一個(gè)原因”，定位到第二段最后一句ThepurposesforwhichEnglishislearnedandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttodefineandstillmoredifficulttoassesswhatconstitutesanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.“學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的目的和學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的環(huán)境是如此不同，很難定義，更難以評(píng)估什么構(gòu)成了每一種情況下的充分的工作知識(shí)?！睆倪@里可知人們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的目的不同，也就導(dǎo)致英語(yǔ)成為國(guó)際語(yǔ)言的原因是多種因素綜合起來(lái)的，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，這里屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)“主要是來(lái)自美洲大陸和歐洲大陸的人”，定位到第一段第二句話mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.“主要分布在美國(guó)、加拿大、英國(guó)、愛(ài)爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞和新西蘭”從這里可知B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，非洲大陸也有很多國(guó)家講英語(yǔ)，這里屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“作為美國(guó)文化國(guó)際會(huì)議的官方語(yǔ)言”，定位到第三段第三句Itiswidelyusedforsuchpurposesasmeteorologicalandairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthedisseminationofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.“它被廣泛用于氣象和機(jī)場(chǎng)通信、國(guó)際會(huì)議以及通過(guò)許多國(guó)家的無(wú)線電和電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播信息等目的”，從這里可以看出不止是美國(guó)，很多國(guó)家在開(kāi)國(guó)際會(huì)議時(shí)都用的是英語(yǔ)，這里屬于以偏概全。

28.主旨大意題。關(guān)注首末兩段中心句，第一段中心句是第二句thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguage,aswellasvariouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.“這種語(yǔ)言有許多地區(qū)和社會(huì)變體，在口語(yǔ)和書(shū)面形式中也有不同程度的用法”，這是文章的中心句，這段說(shuō)明英語(yǔ)的廣泛使用；第三段中心句是ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresent-dayimportanceasaworldlanguage“對(duì)英語(yǔ)的廣泛需求的主要原因是它作為一種世界語(yǔ)言在當(dāng)今的重要性”，這段講的是為什么很多人會(huì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)的原因。結(jié)合兩者可知作者主要是弄清楚B選項(xiàng)“為什么英語(yǔ)能滿足不同人的需求”。

A選項(xiàng)“是什么構(gòu)成了一個(gè)人足夠的英語(yǔ)工作知識(shí)”，作者已經(jīng)在第二段最后一句說(shuō)明了itisdifficulttodefineandstillmoredifficulttoassesswhatconstitutesanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.“定義每種情況下的充分工作知識(shí)是困難的，更困難的是評(píng)估”，所以這里不能選，屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“如何聯(lián)系機(jī)場(chǎng)通訊中的技術(shù)問(wèn)題”，文章沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)英語(yǔ)變得如此廣泛使用時(shí)”，見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)，文章的主要內(nèi)容是為什么英語(yǔ)被廣泛使用的原因，不是時(shí)間，這里屬于反向干擾。

29.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.從這里可以看出“這些國(guó)家”指的是以前被英國(guó)殖民過(guò)的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，B選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)展的前英國(guó)殖民地”是其同義替代選項(xiàng)，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)；

A選項(xiàng)“曾經(jīng)是殖民地的發(fā)展中國(guó)家”，見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)，以前是殖民地但不一定是英國(guó)的殖民地，屬于偷換概念。

C選項(xiàng)“成為和英國(guó)一樣強(qiáng)大的殖民地國(guó)家”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“仍然被英國(guó)殖民的發(fā)展中國(guó)家”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

30.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第三段最后一句話Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerceindustry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforaccesstothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentintheWest.“這些國(guó)家中有許多人口使用多種語(yǔ)言，在政府、商業(yè)、工業(yè)、法律和教育等方面的內(nèi)部交流以及國(guó)際交流和了解西方的科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展都需要一種語(yǔ)言?！睆倪@里可以知道答案選A選項(xiàng)“用于國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際交流”。

B選項(xiàng)“為了和其他國(guó)家的發(fā)展接軌”文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

C選項(xiàng)“為了更高的效率和更好的公眾生活”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“殖民國(guó)家之間更廣泛的交流”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.單選題

Recently,JapaneseimportsofmanufacturedgoodsfromChinahavesurgedandthereputationofChineseproductshasimprovedsubstantially,givingrisetoconcernthatChinawillsoonreplaceJapanasthe"factoryoftheworld".AnobjectiveevaluationofChina'sindustrialstrength,however,suggeststhatthereisstillalongwaytogobeforeitwillbecomeatrulyadvancedindustrialcountryonparwithJapan.

Firstofall,thehighproportionoflabor-intensiveproductsinChina'sexportsmeansthatitstradestructureistypicalofanewlyindustrializingeconomy(NIE).

Thisisdifferentfromthatofdevelopedcountries,wherethemajorexportitems,suchasmachinery,aretechnology-intensive.AlthoughChinaisincreasingitsshareoftheglobalmarketformanufacturedgoods,includingsomeinformation-technology(IT)productsthatareclassifiedashigh-tech,Chineseexportsarestillhighlyconcentratedinlower-endproducts.Intheeaseoftelevisions,forinstance,Japanspecializesinhigh-definitionandotherhigher-endmodels,whileChinaproducesstandardmodelswhoseunitvaluesaremuchlower.

ReflectingChinasemphasisonprocessingtrade,goods"madeinChina"containlargenumbersofoverseascomponents,someofwhicharemadeinJapan.AccordingtoofficialChinesestatistics,increasingexportsbyUSS1millionrequiresimportingintermediategoodsandcomponentsworth$500,000,whichdonotformpartofChina'sgrossdomesticproduct(GDP).Moreover,theproportionofthisimportedcontentishigherforhigh-techthanforlow-techproducts.Acomputerlabeled"madeinChina"islikelytocontainalargeportionofimportedcontentsincludinganIntelcentralprocessingunit(CPU),MicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystem,andaliquidcrystaldisplaymadeinJapanorSouthKorea.

Inaddition,approximatelyhalfofChina'sexportsareproducedbysubsidiariesofforeigncompanies,towhichdividends,interestcharges,royaltiesandotherfeesmustbepaid.EvenamongChinesecompanieswithnocapitalrelationswithoverseascompanies,themajorityoftheirexportsareprocessedunderOEM(originalequipmentmanufacturing)contractsandsoldwithforeignbrandnames.Thusonlyaverysmallpercentageofthevalue-addedofproductslabeled"madeinChina"isactually"madebyChina".ThelattercorrespondstotheconceptofChina'sgrossnationalproduct(GNP),andexcludesimportchargesonintermediategoodsandinvestmentincomepaidtooverseascountries.

Chinaissoheavilydependentonforeignpartnersthatithasyettodevelopitsownedge-cuttingtechnologyandinternationallyrecognizedbrandnames.Ontopofthis;Chinesecompaniesareinferiortotheiroverseascounterpartsinvirtuallyeveryaspect,beitcapital,humanresources,orbusinessmanagement.Asaresult,Chinahasnooptionbuttolooktocheaplaborforitsexportcompetitiveness.Indeed,themajorityofChinascontributiontothevalue-addedofitsexportslieswiththecostoflabor,andtheverylowwagesinChina,averaginglessthan$100amonth,implythatthiscontributionmustbeverysmall.Assuch,thecommonassumptionthatChinesegoodsarecompetitivebecausethecountry'swagelevelsarelowholdstrueonlyforlabor-intensiveproductsanddoesnotnecessarilyapplytoindustryasawhole.Instead,China'slowwagesshouldbeinterpretedasareflectionofthefactthatitslaborproductivityispoor.ItiswhenChina'swagelevelsapproachthoseofJapan,reflectingariseinproductivity,whichChinawillreallybecomeaformidablecompetitorforJapan.

1.Whydoestheauthorsay"thereisstillalongwaytogobeforeitwillbecomeatrulyadvancedindustrialcountryonparwithJapan"?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,what'sthedifferencebetweenproductslabeled"madeinChina"andthoselabeled"madebyChina'?

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecompetitivenessofJapan'sproducts?

4.Theword“subsidiaries”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.China'stradestructureisstilllaggingbehindthatofdevelopedcountries.

B.China'sexportgoodsarenotascompetitiveasJapan's.

C.WithoutforeignhelpandadvancedtechnologyChinacannotproducemostofitsproducts.

D.Chinaisstillfacedwiththeproblemsofbackwardtradestructure,low-techandlabor-intensiveproducts.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Productslabeled"madeinChina"arehigh-techproductswhilethelatterarenot.

B.WhetherChinaisthemanufactureroftheoriginalpartofproductsandsellsthoseproductswithChinesebrandnames.

C.WhetherChinesecompaniesaresubsidiariesofforeigncompanies.

D.WhetherChinesecompaniesaredependentonforeignpartners.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Japandoesn'texportlower-endproducts.

B.Japanisthe'factoryoftheworld".

C.Japan'smajorexportitemsarehigh-techproductsandcompetitiveinbusinessmanagement.

D.Japandoesn'tputstressonprocessinggoods.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.furnishingaids

B.asumofmoney

C.assistants

D.affiliates

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Chinaisn'taDevelopedCountry.

B.So-called'MadeinChina'Label.

C.JapanWon'tFear'MadeinChina'Label.

D.ChinaWillReplaceJapanastheFactoryofWorld.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段和第三段，“Firstofall,thehighproportionoflabor-intensiveproductsinChina'sexports…Chineseexportsarestillhighlyconcentratedinlower-endproducts.”，可知二三段總結(jié)了中國(guó)工業(yè)發(fā)展的問(wèn)題，包括勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品占比重過(guò)高，中國(guó)出口仍高度集中于低端產(chǎn)品。可推斷出中國(guó)仍然面臨貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)落后、科技含量低、勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品等問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“ReflectingChinasemphasisonprocessingtrade,goods"madeinChina"containlargenumbersofoverseascomponents,someofwhicharemadeinJapan.”，可知“中國(guó)制造”的商品含有大量海外零部件，其中一些是日本制造的，這反映出中國(guó)對(duì)加工貿(mào)易的重視。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Thusonlyaverysmallpercentageofthevalue-addedofproductslabeled"madeinChina"isactually"madebyChina".”，可知產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)不在中國(guó)。可推斷出中國(guó)制造和中國(guó)創(chuàng)造的區(qū)別在于中國(guó)是否是原裝產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)商，并銷售那些有中國(guó)品牌的產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Japanspecializesinhigh-definitionandotherhigher-endmodels,whileChinaproducesstandardmodelswhoseunitvaluesaremuchlower.”，可知日本生產(chǎn)高清和高端機(jī)型。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Chinaissoheavilydependentonforeignpartnersthatithasyettodevelopitsownedge-cuttingtechnologyandinternationallyrecognizedbrandnames.”，可知中國(guó)嚴(yán)重依賴外國(guó)合作伙伴，以至于尚未開(kāi)發(fā)出自己的尖端技術(shù)和國(guó)際知名品牌?？赏茢喑鋈毡镜闹饕隹诋a(chǎn)品是高科技產(chǎn)品，在企業(yè)管理方面具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“…approximatelyhalfofChina'sexportsareproducedbysubsidiariesofforeigncompanies,towhichdividends,interestcharges,royaltiesandotherfeesmustbepaid.”，可知中國(guó)大約一半的出口產(chǎn)品是由外國(guó)公司的子公司生產(chǎn)的，必須向這些子公司支付股息、利息、特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)和其他費(fèi)用。可知subsidiaries意思為子公司。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.主旨題。文章第一段提出中國(guó)很快取代日本成為“世界工廠”的觀點(diǎn)，接下里討論了中國(guó)工業(yè)發(fā)展過(guò)程中面臨的問(wèn)題，最終得出結(jié)論中國(guó)成為高端科技的工業(yè)國(guó)還需要更多的時(shí)間和努力，所以目前中國(guó)可能還不是日本的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手和威脅因素。可推斷出日本無(wú)懼“中國(guó)制造”是符合整個(gè)文章意思的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Today’scollegestudentsaremorenarcissistic（自戀的）andself-centeredthantheirpredecessors,accordingtoacomprehensivenewstudybyfivepsychologistswhoworrythatthetrendcouldbeharmfultopersonalrelationshipsandAmericansociety.

“Weneedtostopendlesslyrepeating‘You’respecial’andhavingchildrenrepeatthatback,”saidthestudy’sleadauthor,ProfessorJeanTwengeofSanDiegoStateUniversity.“Kidsareself-centeredenoughalready.”“Unfortunately,narcissismcanalsohaveverynegativeconsequencesforsociety,includingthebreakdownofcloserelationshipswithothers,”hesaid.Thestudyassertsthatnarcissists“aremorelikelytohaveromanticrelationshipsthatareshort-lived,atriskforinfidelity,lackemotionalwarmth,andtoexhibitgame-playing,dishonesty,andover-controllingandviolentbehaviors”.Twenge,theauthorof“GenerationMe:WhyToday’sYoungAmericansAreMoreConfident,

Assertive,Entitled—andMoreMiserableThanEverBefore”,saidnarcissiststendtolackempathy,reactaggressivelytocriticismandfavorself-promotionoverhelpingothers.

Someanalystshavecommendedtoday’syoungpeopleforincreasedcommitmenttovolunteerwork.ButTwengeviewedeventhisphenomenonskeptically,notingthatmanyhighschoolsrequirecommunityserviceandmanyyouthsfeelpressuretolistsuchendeavorsoncollegeapplications.

Campbellsaidthenarcissismupsurgeseemedsopronounced（非常明顯的）thathewasunsureiftherewereobviousremedies.“Permissivenessseemstobeacomponent,”hesaid.“Apotentialantidotewouldbemoreauthoritativeparenting.Lessindulgencemightbecalledfor.”

Yetstudents,whileacknowledgingsomelegitimacytosuchfindings,don’tnecessarilyacceptnegativegeneralizationsabouttheirgeneration.

HanadyKader,aUniversityofWashingtonsenior,saidsheworkedunpaidlastsummerhelpingresettlerefugeesandconsidersmanyofherpeerstobecivic-minded.Butsheisdismayed（氣餒，灰心）bythecompetitivenessofsomestudentswhoseemprematurelyfocusedoncareerstatus.“We’re

encouragedalottobeindividualsandgooutthereanddowhatyouwant,andnobodyshouldstandinyourway,”Kadersaid.“Icanseegoalsandambitionsgettinginthewayofotherthingslikerelationships.”

KariDalane,aUniversityofVermontsophomore,saysmostofhercontemporariesarepoliticallyactiveandnotoverlyself-centered.“Peopleareworriedaboutthemselves—butinthesenseofwherethey’regoingtofindaplaceintheworld,”shesaid.“Peoplewanttolooktheirbest,haveagoodtime,butitdoesn’tmeanthey’renotconcernedabouttherestoftheworld.”

Besides,someoftheresponsesonthenarcissismtestmightnotbeworrisome,Dalanesaid,“Itwouldbemoredepressingifpeopleanswered,‘No,I’mnotspecial’.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,anarcissisticpersonmay（）.

2.Theitalicizedword“commended”（Line1,Para.3）means（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Itisimpliedthat（）.

5.Itispropertobe（）whenyouhearsomeonesay“I’mspecial”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hatecriticism

B.bedishonesttohis/herpartner

C.beunwillingtohelpothers

D.alltheabove

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.praised

B.criticized

C.recommended

D.disfavored

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Narcissismmayresultinbadconsequences.

B.Collegestudentsareactivetoparticipateinvolunteerwork.

C.Somepeopledoubtwhetherthereareremediestocounterthenarcissismupsurge.

D.Somecollegestudentsareoverlyengagedinself-promotion.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.boththeresearchersandcollegestudentsareworriedaboutthetrendofnarcissism

B.theresearchersandcollegestudentsdisagreeonthefindingsofthestudy

C.theresearchersandcollegestudentsdisagreeonsomeofthefindingsofthestudy

D.collegestudentsarepessimisticabouttheirfuture

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.objective

B.pessimistic

C.optimistic

D.worried

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞narcissistic定位到原文第二段第四句，原文指出at?risk?for?infidelity,?lack?emotional?warmth，and?to?exhibitor?game-playing，dishonesty是選項(xiàng)C，B，A的同義表達(dá)。

2.語(yǔ)義題。第三段第一行句中,研究人員commended的是increased?commitment?to?volunteer?work(年輕人參加志愿活動(dòng)的責(zé)任心增加),所以應(yīng)該是肯定的態(tài)度。句后But?Twenge?viewed?even?this?phenomenon?skeptically(Twenge對(duì)此現(xiàn)象持否定懷疑態(tài)度)更加斷定,commended為肯定,選項(xiàng)A與之對(duì)應(yīng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段首句unsure?if?there?were?obvious?remedie可知不明確的是是否有明顯的治療法，而不是沒(méi)有治療法，而且之后文章舉了一些治療法的例子。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。關(guān)鍵詞collegestudents體現(xiàn)到文章第五段acknowledging?some?legitimacy?to?such?findings,don't?necessarily?accept?negative?generalizations?about?their?generation,因此研究者和學(xué)生只是部分意見(jiàn)不符。

5.態(tài)度題。文章最后一句說(shuō)到It?would?be?more?depressing?if?people?answered,?‘No,?I’m?not?special’(如果有人回答，不，我不特別，這可能更讓人沮喪)，由此判斷，當(dāng)聽(tīng)人說(shuō)I’m?not?special，應(yīng)該持積極樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。

7.問(wèn)答題

Iwasfinallyabletoconvincehimofitsvalue.(Ifinallysucceeded)

【答案】Ifinallysucceededinconvincinghimofitsvalue.

8.單選題

Bethworkedhardto（）inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：貝絲在她的訪問(wèn)期間努力地（）當(dāng)?shù)厝酥小?/p>

encounter遭遇，邂逅，遇到；blend混合，協(xié)調(diào)，融入；merge合并，使合并，吞，沒(méi)；adapt適應(yīng)，改變。

選項(xiàng)Bblendinwith為固定搭配，表示“融入，融合”，符合句意。

9.單選題

Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor（1）toconsidertheroleofgovernment.Governmenthasapowerful（2）ontheeconomyinatleastfourways:

DirectServices.Thepostalsystem,forexample,isafederalsystem（3）theentirenation,asisthelargeandcomplexmilitaryestablishment.Conversely,theconstructionand（4）ofmosthighways,the（5）oftheindividualstates,andthepubliceducationalsystems,despitealargefundingrolebythefederalgovernment,areprimarily（6）forbycountyorcitygovernments.Policeandfireprotectionandsanitation（7）arealsotheresponsibilitiesoflocalgovernment.

RegulationandControl.Thegovernmentregulatesandcontrolsprivate（8）inmanyways,forthe（9）ofassuringthatbusinessservesthebest（10）ofthepeopleasawhole.Regulationisnecessaryinareaswhereprivateenterpriseisgranteda（11）,suchasintelephoneorelectricservice,orinotherareaswherethereislimitedcompetition,aswithrailroadsorairlines.Publicpolicypermitssuchcompaniestomakeareasonable（12）,butlimitstheirabilitytoraiseprices（13）,sincethepublicdependsontheirservices.Oftencontrolis（14）toprotectthepublic,asforexample,whentheFoodandDrugAdministrationbansharmfuldrugs,orrequiresstandardsof（15）infood.Inotherindustries,governmentsetsguidelinestoensurefaircompetitionwithoutusingdirectcontrol.

StabilizationandGrowth.Branchesofgovernment,includingCongressandsuchentitiesastheFederalReserveBoard,attempttocontroltheextremesofboomandbust,ofinflationanddepression,by（16）taxrates,themoneysupply,andtheuseofcredit.Theycanalso（17）theeconomythroughchangesintheamountofpublicspendingbythegovernmentitself.

DirectAssistance.Thegovernmentprovidesmanykindsofhelpto（18）andindividuals.Forexample,tariffs（19）certainproductstoremainrelativelyfreeofforeigncompetition;importsaresometimestaxedsothatAmericanproductsareableto（20）betterwithcertainforeigngoods.Governmentsupportsindividualswhocannotadequatelycareforthemselves,bymakinggrantstoworkingparentswithdependentchildren,byprovidingmedicalcarefortheagedandtheindigent,andthroughsocialwelfaresystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.economy

B.horror

C.magnifier

D.element

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.elevation

B.emotion

C.effect

D.election

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.dripping

B.serving

C.diverging

D.clamping

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.clearance

B.combustion

C.commence

D.maintenance

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.commonplace

B.responsibility

C.conductivity

D.consequence

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.consoled

B.compacted

C.paid

D.bracketed

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.services

B.boycotts

C.budgets

D.charters

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.banquet

B.boom

C.arena

D.enterprise

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.assertion

B.purpose

C.asset

D.assumption

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.admiration

B.interests

C.adoption

D.accuracy

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.monopoly

B.acceptance

C.abolition

D.morality

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.proximity

B.blend

C.breast

D.profit

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.fairly

B.unfairly

C.friendly

D.unnecessarily

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.exercised

B.broadened

C.bankrupted

D.exemplified

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.faculty

B.quantity

C.quality

D.fragment

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.applauding

B.assessing

C.ascending

D.adjusting

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.affect

B.accommodate

C.adhere

D.affirm

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.beverage

B.businesses

C.bondage

D.botany

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.perplex

B.permit

C.perturb

D.plunder

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.compensate

B.confront

C.console

D.compete

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】1.考查邏輯關(guān)系。element“元素、要素”;magnifier“放大鏡”;horror“恐怖”;economy“經(jīng)濟(jì)”。文章開(kāi)頭第一句就講到消費(fèi)者與生產(chǎn)者會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生影響，由此可以推出文章接下來(lái)要講另一個(gè)影響因素，只有D符合題意。

2.考查詞匯辨析。elevation”海撥，提高”;emotion“情感、情緒”;election“選舉”;powerfuleffect“強(qiáng)大的影響力”,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.考查邏輯關(guān)系。drip”滴下”;diverge“偏離、分叉”;clamp“夾住”。郵政系統(tǒng)屬于服務(wù)行業(yè)，故選擇B“服務(wù)”。

4.考查名詞詞義辨析。clearance“清除”;combustion“燃燒、氧化”;commence“開(kāi)始，著手”；maintenance“維修；維護(hù)”高速公路除了建設(shè)，還需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行保養(yǎng)，才保證正常使用。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。commonplace“老生常談、司空見(jiàn)慣的事”;conductivity“導(dǎo)電性”;consequence“結(jié)果，后果”。高速公路建設(shè)與保養(yǎng)問(wèn)題，涉及一個(gè)歸屬與責(zé)任權(quán)的問(wèn)題，句中提到individualstates（各個(gè)州）。由此可知選B（責(zé)任）符合題意。

6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。console“安慰”;compact“壓縮、壓緊”;bracket“把...歸入同一類”。句中提到thepubliceducationalsystems,despitealargefundingrolebythefederalgovernment（公共教育系統(tǒng)大多數(shù)的資金由聯(lián)邦政府提供）。由此可知，接下來(lái)繼續(xù)談?wù)撡M(fèi)用的承擔(dān)問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C（支付）符合題意。

7.考查固定搭配。boycott“聯(lián)合抵制”;budget“預(yù)算”;charter”憲章、特許狀”；

service“局、部”。Policeandfireprotectionandsanitation

Services（警察局、消防部門、衛(wèi)生局）。故選擇A。

8.考查名詞詞義辨析。banquet“宴會(huì)”;boom“興旺，繁榮”;arena“舞臺(tái)”；enterprise“企業(yè)”。文章是講政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮的作用，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展很大程度上取決于企業(yè)的發(fā)展，句中business:此處理解為企業(yè)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析。assertion“斷言、聲明”;asset“資產(chǎn)，財(cái)產(chǎn)”;assumption“假定，假設(shè)”。政府實(shí)施對(duì)企業(yè)的管理是為了達(dá)到某一目的，故選擇B（目的，企圖）。

10.考查名詞詞義辨析。admiration”欽佩，贊賞”;adoption“采用，收養(yǎng)”;accuracy“精確度，準(zhǔn)確性”。政府指導(dǎo)企業(yè)的發(fā)展，讓企業(yè)在盈利的同時(shí)，也需要滿足全社會(huì)的利益，故選擇B（利益）。

11.考查名詞詞義辨析。acceptance“接受”;abolition”廢除，廢止”;morality“道德，品行”。企業(yè)為了個(gè)人利益難免會(huì)壟斷某個(gè)行業(yè)，Regulationisnecessaryinareas：政府在某些行業(yè)采取調(diào)控是有必要的。故得知選擇A（壟斷）。

12.考查名詞詞義辨析。proximity“接近，鄰近”;blend“混合”;breast“胸懷，乳房”。

企業(yè)要生存就必須盈利，故選擇D（利潤(rùn)）。

13.考查副詞詞義辨析。fairly“公平地”;friendly“友好的”;unnecessarily“不必要地”。企業(yè)為了賺得更多的利潤(rùn)，會(huì)打價(jià)格戰(zhàn)，會(huì)惡意提高價(jià)格，故選擇B（不公平地）。

14.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。broaden“擴(kuò)大，變寬”;bankrupt“破產(chǎn)”;exemplify”例證，例示”。control此處理解為調(diào)控，而這一行為是需要實(shí)施，故選擇A（運(yùn)用，執(zhí)行）。

15.考查名詞詞義辨析。faculty“科，系”;quantity“量，數(shù)量”;fragment“碎片，片段”。theFoodandDrugAdministrationbansharmfuldrugs,orrequiresstandardsof65infood：食品藥品管理局禁止生產(chǎn)有害藥品，提出食品加工的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，由此可知選擇C（質(zhì)量）。

16.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。applaud“贊同，鼓掌”;assess“評(píng)定，估計(jì)”;ascend“上升，攀登”。...controltheextremesofboomandbust,ofinflation...：調(diào)控經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱和過(guò)度衰退，抑制通貨膨脹。要解決這些問(wèn)題需要采用一些經(jīng)濟(jì)手段，如：調(diào)整稅率，貨幣發(fā)行量（themoneysupply）,故選擇D（調(diào)整）。

17.考查名詞詞義辨析。accommodate“適應(yīng)，調(diào)解”;adhere“堅(jiān)持”;affirm“肯定，斷言”。運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)手段（調(diào)整稅率、貨幣發(fā)行量），會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生一定影響，故選擇A（影響）。

18.考查名詞詞義辨析。beverage“飲料”;bondage“束縛，奴役”;botany“植物學(xué)”。individual:個(gè)人，政府要保證個(gè)體利益也需要照顧全局，由此可以得知選擇B（企業(yè)）。

19.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Perplex“困惑，為難”;perturb“擾亂”;plunder”搶奪，搶劫”。tariffscertainproductstoremainrelativelyfreeofforeigncompetition;為了企業(yè)的更好的發(fā)展，可以允許減免某些企業(yè)的稅收，故選擇B（允許）。

20.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。compensate“補(bǔ)償、賠償”;confront“面對(duì)，遭遇”;console“安慰，慰藉”。...Americanproducts...withcertainforeigngoods（美國(guó)產(chǎn)品、外國(guó)產(chǎn)品），可得知國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)品與外國(guó)產(chǎn)品為了爭(zhēng)得市場(chǎng)，必然存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，故選D（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)）。

10.單選題

TheshiftfromthemorepoliticaltothemoreindividualisticviewoflibertymaybeseeninhowtheconstitutionalguaranteeswithrespecttospeechandthepressaretypicallyspokenofintheUnitedStatestoday.Restraintsuponspeakingandpublishing,andindeeduponactiongenerally,arefewerthanatanytimeinthehistoryofthecountry.Thisabsenceofrestraintsisreflectedaswellintheverytermsinwhichtheserightsandprivilegesaredescribed.Whatwouldoncehavebeenreferredtoas“freedomofspeechandofthepress”(drawinguponthelanguageoftheFirstAmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates)isnowoftenreferredtoas“freedomofexpression”.

Tomakemuchoffreedomofexpressionistoencouragealiberationoftheselffromtheconstraintsofthecommunity.Itevencanassumethattheselfhas,intrinsictoitorsomehowavailabletoit,independentofanysocialguidance,intimationsofwhatitisandwhatitwants.