華東師大二附中-高一英語閱讀訓(xùn)練1+答案

華東師大二附中-高一英語閱讀1+答案LtD2021ReadingComprehensionandClozeTestICloze(30%)(A)Moreandmoreshoppersarebuyingonlinethesedays,allowingthemtoavoidsalespeopleandlonglinesatcheckoutcounters.Inspiteofonlineconvenience,,therearesomeitems—likeclothes—thatcustomerspreferto53beforebuying.Inlightofthis,twocompaniesfindingwaystomodernizestoresand54thegapbetweenonlineandin-storeretail(零售).Asoftwarecompanythatalsohappenstoselldesignerjeans,Hointerhascreatedfastandpainlessshopping 55 foritscustomers.ShopperswalkintoaHointerstoreselectoneofthemanypairsofjeansdownfrombars.Thentheypointtheirsmartphonesatthetagand57theHointerapp,afterwhichtheyselectthesizeandpress“tryon.〞Theappthendirectsthemtoaspecificdressingroom.German-maderobotsbringoutthejeansanddeliverthemthroughachutetothedressingroominabout30seconds.Immediatelyafter59pairsofjeansdroppedthroughanotherchute,the“outbox,〞theydisappearfromthelistintheapp.PurchasesatHointeraremadewithaswipe(刷卡)eractingwithasalespersonisoptional!ThisallowsHointertohirefewerpeoplefocusontheirultimategoal:developing thatsupportsaretailrevolution.Men’sclothingretailerBonobosamorepersonalizedshoppingexperience.Althoughitis—infact—onlineretailer,Bonoboshasdecidedtoopenahandfulofbrick-and-mortarstorescalledGuideshops.Shoppersmakea(n) 62onlinebeforearrivingataGuideshop,wheretheyreceiveone-on-one63fromafittingguide.Becausetheseshopshavelimitedinventories (存貨),shoppersaren’tabletotakehometheoutfitsselect.Butguideshelpshoppersmakeonlinepurchasesbeforetheyleave,afterwhichtheitemswillbe64tocustomersinonetwodays.WhileHointerfocusesonconvenience,BonobosGuideshopsfocusonservice.Butbotheffortshaveonething65:givingclothingretailersanewlookforthe21stcentury.A.respectable B. considerateC.aggressive D.violentA.however B.thereforeC.anyway D.moreoverA.convince B.guaranteeC.ensure D.examineA.break B.bridge shallow D.deepenA.experience B.mall C.direction D.principleA.hiding B.hanging storing D.labelingA.start B.upload save D.downloadA.desired B.well-designedC.promoted D.well-preparedA.qualified B.wantedC.chosen D.unwanted60.A.employmentC.technologyB.D.efficiencymarket61.to62.A.comeupwithC.lookedupA.decisionD.B.lookedbroughtupB.appointmentC.contribution D.impressionA.contact B.instructionC.notice D.attentionA.presented B.packagedC.delivered D.transferredA.inconclusion B.incommonC.asusual D.ingeneral(B)TelemedicineisthenameforwhendoctorsgiveadvicetopatientsbytelephoneortheInternet,orwhenhealthcareprovidersruralareasconnectwithspecialistsinbigcities.Telemedicinehas51foralongtime,buttheriseofsmartphones,tabletPCsandcamera-equipped computers is 52telemedicinetonewlevels.SomehealthcaresystemsintheUnitedStatesnow 53Virtual UrgentCare.Patientsadoctorbyvideochatwithouthavingtoleavehome.DianaRae,anurseeducatorintheFranciscanHealthSystemrecently 54howVirtualUrgentCareworks.SheusediPadtabletandskype—thevideochatservice.DoctorGreenhasthepatientdescribeher55;thenthedoctorperformsaphysicalexambydemonstratingwhathewantsherdo.DoctorGreendecidesthattheproblemisacommon 56 .Formedicine,heprescribes(開藥方)anantibiotic(抗生素).Hesaysabout3outof4patientshave problems that can be treated likethis—throughVirtualUrgentCare,whichmeansavideochatcould 58 avisittothedoctor’soffice.“Patients’safetyisreallyimportantus.Soifwefeelitisnot59forpatienttobetreatedinthismanner,we’regoingtosuggestother60forthem,Green.TheFranciscanHealthSystemisbasedinTacoma,Washington.It 61 $35forthiskindofvirtualhousecall,whichismuchlessthanthecostofgoingtoanemergencyroom,adoctor’sofficeorancareclinic.Aftertryingthevideoconference,DianaRaesaysshewouldbe 62 topaythe$35whenshewasrecentlyhomewithabadcold.wouldhavepaidtwicethatforthe 63 ofgettingtakencareofwithouthavingtositinawaitingroom,wait,andget 64everyoneelse’sgerms,〞Raesaid.FranciscanoperateshospitalsandclinicsandhasadealwithacompanycalledtoaddeffectiveurgentcarebySkypeorphone.Carenaisoneofseveralcompaniesdoingthiskindofworkaroundthecountry.Butacompanyofficialsaysstateruleshavenotkept 65 withdevelopmentstelemedicine.A.rested B.existed survived D.vanishedA.keeping B.occupying striking D.raisingA.offer B.advertise prohibit D.criticizeA.predicted B.published demonstrated D.claimedA.symptoms B.emotions medicines D.coughsA.mistake B.infection C.experience D.senseA.heart B.security C.drugD.healthA.pay B.cancel replace D.includeA.necessary B.smart C.hardD.safeA.hospitals B.doctors alternatives D.networksA.charges B.costs C.paysD.providesA.happy B.reluctant excited D.surprisedA.delight B.convenience significance D.embarrassmentA.infectedwith B.exposedtoC.shockedat D.fascinatedbyA.contact B.company progress D.communicationVocabulary(20%)(A)A.spreadB.formaC.chanceD.founE.objecldtiveF.G.H.I.J.K.experidiviseconomrespreplaclassenceionsicalectcedroomTheideaoftheyouthhostel startedwith

one

man:

Richard

Schirrmann(1874-1961),aGermanschoolteacher,whofeltthattherewasaneedforovernightaccommodationforhisstudentsinordertheycouldseenewthingsandhavenewexperiencesoutsidethe 41.Hefeltthatonelearnsbyobserving,andtriedtomakehisdreamcometrueinthe1909,whenhestartedprovidingaccommodationforhisstudentsininns,farmhousesandthelike.ThefirstyouthhostelwasopenedSchirrmann’sownschoolinAltena,afterwhichitwas42byapermanenthostelAltenaCastle.Schirrmannwentonto43theGermanYouthHostelAssociationintheyear1919.Bythistime,theideaoftheyouthhostelhad 44 farandwide,overthelandsofEuropeandfurther.Andthen,intheyear1932,a(n) 45organizationcalledtheInternationalYouthHostelwasfoundedinAmsterdam,whichconsistedofyouthhostelsfromGermany,Poland,theNetherlands,Norway,Britain,Ireland,France,P.F.ProductionsCzechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium.RichardSchirrmannbecameitschairmanin1933.TheideaoftheyouthhostelisforyoungpeoplewhoareonnaturetripstogetaccommodationinexchangezhucanqiforsomemoneyandahelpinghandwiththedomesticchoresThesehostelsweresaidtobuildcharacterandasenseofindependence,astheyouthwhostayedinthemgotthe47toseehowotherpeoplelivedaswellashelptodowork.Youthhostelsarealsoplacestomeetandmakenewfriends.Theyhavenoclass 48andeveryonehastodotheirshare.Here,wealthandpositiondoesnothelpyou49,butfriendlinessdoes.ThefriendlierP.F.Productionsyouare,themoreyoulearnfromthe50ofstayinginahostel.(B)A.breaksD.permanentB.viewingE.positionedC.textingF.connectedG.physicalH.symptomsK.simplyI.complainingA.breaksD.permanentB.viewingE.positionedC.textingF.connectedG.physicalH.symptomsK.simplyI.complainingJ.effectivelyChancesareyou’llseeplentyofthemwiththeirheadsdown,tappingthescreensoftheirtabletsor 41 onsmartphones.Whilethesefolksmaybemakinggooduseoftheirtimebystaying 42,theirbodiesarepayingaheavypriceforsuchconvenience.Ashand-helddevicessuchassmartphonesandtabletsarebecomingmorecommon,usersarereportingsomenew 43 problems.Floridachiropractor(脊椎按摩師)DeanFishmanbegannoticinganincreasedofhispatients 44 ofneckandshoulderpain.Hetracedthese 45 totheoveruseofhand-helddevices,specificallytheactionofbendingtheneck,andcreatedtheterm“TextNeck.〞Asifthepainfulsymptomsweren’tbadenough,FishmanwarnsthatanuntreatedcaseofTextNeckcouldleadto 46 spinal(脊柱的)damage.HefoundedtheTextNeckInstituteinanefforttotreatandeducatethosesufferingfromTextNeck.Treatmentsofferedthereincludechiropractic care, physical therapy,massagetherapyandexerciseplanning.InordertoavoidorreducethepossibilityofgettingTextNeck,usethefollowingbasic principles:Avoidawkwardpositioning.Don’t(濫用)yourneck,andstayawareofhowyourbodyis 47 inrelationtothedevice.Takefrequent 48 whenusinganykindofmobiledevice.Whenusingatablet,useacasethatbackupthedeviceatcomfortable 49angle.Forthosewho 50 can’ttaketheirofftheirdevices,thereisanironictwistdownloadingaspecial)couldhelp.Dr.FishmanhasreleasedanappcalledtheTextNeckIndicatorApp,whichmeasurestheangleofyoursmartpphone.Whentheangleisappropriate,agreenlightappearsintheuppercornerofyourscreen.Butwhentheangleputsyouatriskforneckthelightturnsred,obligingyoutoadjustyourangle.Reading(25%)(A)Foreseeingatimewhenapatient’sowncellsmaybeharvested,multiplied,andfashionedintoareplacementorgan,P.F.ProductionsresearchersinBostonhavesuccessfullytransplantedlaboratorybladdersintosixdogs.Foracentury,physicianshavereplaceddiseasedordamagedbladdersbyremovingsectionsofaperson’sintestines(腸子)andshapingthemintoasubstitutebladder.Whiletheprocedureofferssomerelieftopatients,complicationsoftendevelopbecausenaturedesignsintestinaltissueforapurpose—absorbingnutrients—otherthanholdingwasteliquidofthebody.“Youstartabsorbingstuffthatshouldberemoved,〞saysAnthonyAtalaoftheChildren’sHospitalinBoston.Otherphysicianshaveturnedtohuman-madematerialstocreateartificialbladders,butthoseeffortshavealsorunintoproblems.P.F.ProductionsConsequently,tobuildabetterbladder,Atalaandhiscolleaguesdecidedtotheorgan’sowncells.Toturnthecellsintoanorgan,theresearchersfirstformplasticwhichbreakdownnaturallyintobladder-shapedshell.Theythencoatitsoutsideandinsidewithlayersofcellsneeded.Totestthisstrategy,Atala’sgroupobtainedbladdertissuefromdogsanditintoorgans.Afterremovingthedogs’bladders,theinvestigatorsimplanted(移植)theartificialonescomingfromthedogs’owncells.Withinamonth,theorgansbegantoperformlikenormalbladders.Withinthreemonths,theplasticshellshadbrokendownnaturally,andtheimplantedorganswerehardtodistinguishfromnaturalones.Bloodvesselsquicklygrewthem.Moreover,nervesseemtoformproperconnectionswiththeneworgans,allowingthedogstoregainnormalcontrolofbladders.Somedogshavehadtheartificialbladdersfornearlyayearwithoutanyproblems.Whilethebladdersofdogscloselyresemblethoseofpeople,Atalawarnsmoretestingofthistransplantstrategymustoccurbeforeartificialbladdersarereadyfortheclinic.Thetraditionalmethodofshapingofintestinesintoasubstitutebladder .bringsthepatientalotofsufferingsallowsthepatienttoabsorbthingspreventsthepatientfromabsorbingnutrientsworsensboththefunctionofintestinesandthebladderTheartificialbladdersimplantedindogs .workedperfectlyaslongasmonthsdidnotworkproperlyuntilaftermonthprovedtobeabletoworkforyearsbegantoworkaswellasanormalinafewweeksWhyisitsuggestedthatmoreshouldbemade?Humanbladdersmaywellbedifferentfromdogs’.Dogs’bladderscanbeimplantedhumanbodies.Whatsuitsdogs’bladderswillsuithumanbladders.Artificialbladdersgrownindogsbeusedforhumanbeings.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?ThehistoryofmakingartificialP.F.Productionsbladders.Thewayofturningintestinesbladders.Theprospectofmanufacturingplasticbladders.Thepossibilityofmakingbladdersfromtheirowncells.(B)ThereportfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticswasjustasgloomyasUnemploymentinJanuaryjumpedtoa16-yearhighof7.6percent,as598,000jobswereslashedfromU.S.payrollsintheworstsingle-monthdeclinesinceDecember,1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,thereisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.ButWashingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.Collectively, we rely on theunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofanarrayofdatathatwetoassessifwe'redoingwellordoingbadly,andthatintumshapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporatebudgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsaren'tanobjectivemeasureofreality;they are simply a bestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisamyth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthedifficult.First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60,000homes.Thereisanothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthe"payroll"thatassesses400,000businessesbasedontheirreportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydouble-countsomeone:ifyouareonepersonwithtwojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesn'tcapturethenumberofself-employed,andsosaysabouthowmanypeoplearegeneratingindependentincome.Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly.peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthesubjectissex,moneyoremployment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyou'reemployed,andyousayyes,you'reemployed.Ifyousayno,however,itmaysurprisetolearnmatyouareonlyunemployedityou'vebeenactivelylookingtorworkinthepast four weeks: otherwise, youare"marginallyattachedtothelaborforce"andnotactuallyunemployed.Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinoursociety.Buttheideathatstatisticiansthencaptureanobjectiverealityisn'tjustimpossible.Italsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicansandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,butamorecrucialconcernisthatbothbasing major policy decisions onguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofrawdatawithacriticaleyeandanopenmind.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?TheU.S.economicsituationisfrombadtoworse.Washington is taking measurestoprovidemorejobs.TheU.S.governmentisslashingjobsfromitspayrolls.TherecenteconomiccrisishastheU.S.bysurprise.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatistics?Theyformasolidbasisformaking.[B]Theysituation.

represent the currentTheysignalfutureeconomictrends.Theydonotfullyreflectreality.Oneproblemwiththepayrollsurveythat .itdoesnotincludeallbusinessesit fails to count in self-employeditmagnifiesthenumberofjoblessitdoesnottreatallcompaniesequallyThehouseholdsurveycanbefaultythat .peopletendtoliewhentalkingthephonenoteverybodyiswillingorreadyrespondsomepeoplewon'tprovidetruthfulinformationthedefinitionofunemploymentistoobroadAttheendofthepassage,thesuggeststhat .statisticiansimprovetheirassemblingmethodsdecisionmakersviewthestatisticswithacriticaleyepoliticianslistenmorebeforepolicydecisionsDemocratsandRepublicanscooperatecrucialissues(C)Atsomepointin2021,someone,probablyineitherAsiaorAfrica,madethedecisiontomovefromthecountrysidetothecity.Thisnamelesspersonpushedthehumanoverahistoricthreshold,foritwasinthatyearthatmankindbecame,forthefirsttimeinitshistory,apredominantlyurbanspecies.Itisatrendthatshowsnosignofslowing.Demographers()reckonthatthree.quartersofhumanitycouldbecity-dwellingby2050,withmostoftheincreasecominginthetownsofAsiaandAfrica.Migrantstocitiesattractedbyplentifuljobs,accesstohospitalsandeducation,andtheabilitytoescape the boredom of a farmer'sagriculturallife.Thosefactorsaremorethanenoughtomakeupforthesqualor(diseaseandspectacularpovertythatthosesamemigrantsmustoftenatfirstendurewhentheybecomeurbandwellers.ItisthecitythatinspiresthelatestbookfromPeterSmith.Hismainthesisisthatthebuzzofurbanlife,andtheopportunitiesitoffersforco-operationandcollaboration,iswhatattractstothecity,whichinturnmakescitiesintotheenginesofart,commerce,scienceandprogress.Thisishardlyrevolutionary,butitispresentedinacharmingformat.MrSmithhaswrittenabreezyguidebook,withaseriesofshortchaptersdedicatedtospecificaspectsofurbanity-parks,thevariousschemesthathavebeenputforwardovertheyearsforbuildingtheperfectcity.Theresultisasortofhigh-quality, unusually rigorouscoffee—tablebook,designedtobedippedintoratherthanreadfrombeginningtoend.Inthechapteronskyscrapers,forexample,MrSmithtouchesonconstructionmethods,therevolutionaryinventionoftheautomaticlift,thepracticalitiesoflivingintheskyandthelikelihoodascitiesbecomemorecrowded,apartmentlivingwillbecomethenorm.Butthereisalsotimeforbriefdiversionsontobizarreground,suchasadiscussionoftheskyscraperindex(whichholdsthataboominskyscraperconstructionisafoolproofsignofanimminentrecession).Oneobviouscriticismisthatthepriceofbreadthisdepth;manyOfMrSmith'sessaysraiseasmanyquestionsastheyanswer.Althoughthatcanindeedbefrustrating,thisisprobablytheonlytotreatsograndatopic.Thecityisbuildingblockofcivilizationandofalmosteverythingpeopledo;aguidebooktothecityisreally,therefore,aguidebooktohowlargeandever.growingchunkofhumanitychoosestolive.MrSmith'sbookservesasanexcellentintroductiontoavastsubject,andwillsuggestplentyoffurtherlinesinquiry.Inwhatwayistheyear2021historic?Forthefirsttimeinhistory,peopleoutnumberedruralpeople.Aninfluentialfig