2018高考試題-英語江蘇卷解析版

2018高考試題——英語江蘇卷解析版.doc絕密★啟用前本試題卷共16頁，81題。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.

C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.910.

B.950.

C.1000.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?A.It’snice.

B.It’swarm.

C.It’scold.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Attendameeting.

B.Givealecture.

C.Leavehisoffice.4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?A.Toohard.

B.Worthtaking.

C.Veryeasy.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Speaklouder.

B.Apologizetoher.

C.Turnofftheradio.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?A.Fivedays.

B.Oneweek.

C.Twoweeks.7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?A.Russia.

B.Norway.

C.India.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?A.Chicken.

B.Fish.

C.Eggs.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Cookdinner.

B.Goshopping.

C.Orderdishes.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.

B.Intheoffice.

C.Athome.11.Whenisthereportdue?A.Thursday.

B.Friday.

C.NextMonday.12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?A.Improveit.

B.Handitinlater.

C.Leaveitwithhim.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.

B.Homeownerandcleaner.

C.Husbandandwife.14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?A.Onewithtwobedrooms.

B.Onewithoutfurniture.

C.Onenearamarket.15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?A.＄350.

B.＄400.

C.＄415.16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?A.OnLakeStreet.

B.OnMarketStreet.

C.OnSouthStreet.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?A.Almost15%.

B.About30%.

C.Over40%.18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.

C.Teawithmilkishealthy.19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?A.Teatasters.

B.Teaexporters.

C.Teacompanies.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Thelifeofteatasters.

B.AfternoonteainBritain.

C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.【答案】1-5ACABC

6-10BABCB

11-15ABCAB

16-20CBAAC第二部分:英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié):單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)請閱讀下面各題,從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.A.however

B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever答案是B。21.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.A.it

B.which

C.what

D.as【答案】D考點：定語從句22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatestpotential.A.accelerate

B.improve

C.perform

D.develop【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：學校應該是鼓勵個體最大限度地發(fā)展?jié)撃艿牡胤健項“加速，加快”；B項“改善，提高”；C項“表現(xiàn)”；D項“發(fā)展”。故選D項?？键c：動詞詞義辨析23.—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?—________?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.A.Whyme

B.Whynot

C.Whatif

D.Sowhat【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：—Jim，周末你能加班嗎？—為什么是我？我連續(xù)工作兩周了。A項“為什么是我？”；B項“為什么不呢?”；C項“要是……會怎樣?”；D項“那又怎么樣?”。只有A項符合語境。故選A項?？键c：交際用語24.Muchtime_____sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.A.beingspent

B.havingspent

C.spent

D.spending【答案】C考點：獨立主格結構25._____LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.A.That

B.Why

C.Where

D.How【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：李白是中國一位偉大的詩人，他的出生地是眾所周知的，但有些人不愿接受這一事實。分析句子結構可知，agreatChinesepoet做LiBai的同位語，is前面是主語從句。比較選項只有where符合句意，where在從句中做地點狀語。故選C項?？键c：名詞性從句26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.A.if

B.unless

C.once

D.when【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起來。A項“如果”；B項“除非”；C項“一旦”；D項“當……時候”。“unlessfullycovered”為“連詞+省略結構”，補充完整為“unlessyouare”。故選B項?？键c：連詞辨析27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramsto_____thecountry’sSilkRoadEconomicBelt.A.applyto

B.caterfor

C.appealto

D.huntfor【答案】B考點：動詞短語辨析28.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.A.didIknow

B.haveIknown

C.doIknow

D.hadIknown【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能會省去我一些麻煩。根據(jù)題干中mighthavesaved可知主句是對過去的虛擬，從句應用ifIhadknown與主句保持一致。if虛擬條件句中含有had時，可將if省去，同時將had提前構成倒裝結構。故選D項?？键c：虛擬語氣29.Thewholeteam_____CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.A.waiton

B.focuson

C.counton

D.callon【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：全隊都指望克里斯蒂亞諾·羅納爾多，他從未讓他們失望。A項“服侍，等待”；B項“集中（注意力）于”；C項“指望”；D項“呼吁，拜訪”。故選C項。考點：動詞短語辨析30.Therealreasonwhyprices____,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.A.were

B.willbe

C.havebeen

D.hadbeen【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：過去和現(xiàn)在價格一直居高不下的真正原因很復雜，簡短的討論解釋這一問題無法讓人滿意。根據(jù)題干中“andstillare”的提示可知過去價格也居高不下，故用一般過去時，表示過去的狀態(tài)。故選A項?？键c：時態(tài)31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensive

B.complicated

C.conscious

D.crucial【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：警官決定對這起案件進行一次徹底全面的審查。A項“綜合的，全面的，有理解力的”；B項“復雜的”；C項“有意識的”；D項“至關重要的”。故選A項?？键c：形容詞詞義辨析32.Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A.judgments

B.adjustments

C.comments

D.achievements【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：為了與國家的足球改革相適應，一些學校必須做出調整。A項“判斷，決斷”；B項“調整”；C項“評價，評論”；D項“成就”。故選B項?？键c：名詞詞義辨析33.—Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?—Well,youknowhe’s_______.A.anearlybird

B.awetblanket

C.aluckydog

D.atoughnut【答案】B考點：英語俗語34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.A.thanksto

B.regardlessof

C.asidefrom

D.butfor【答案】D考點：介詞短語辨析35.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______.A.requests

B.excuses

C.apologies

D.regrets【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的媽媽道歉?！蚁脒@樣做，但是我擔心她對我的道歉不滿意。A項“請求”；B項“借口”；C項“道歉”；D項“遺憾，后悔”。故選C項?？键c：名詞詞義辨析第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)請閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso

37tomeandhadsuchabig

38onhowIsawlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto

39myowncancerexperience?I’manambitious

40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化療),eventhoughI’mavery

41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor

43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme

45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.It

46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently

48onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)50ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa51onmyface.Heunfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe

54topickupmypenagain.I

55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”36.

A.tastes

B.ideas

C.notes

D.memories37.

A.amazing

B.shocking

C.amusing

D.strange38.

A.strike

B.push

C.challenge

D.impact39.

A.learnfrom

B.goover

C.getthrough

D.referto40.

A.reader

B.writerC.editor

D.doctor41.

A.positive

B.agreeable

C.humorous

D.honest42.

A.mood

B.position

C.state

D.way43.

A.advice

B.reference

C.protection

D.treatment44.

A.viewed

B.knew

C.noticed

D.wondered45.

A.while

B.because

C.although

D.providing46.

A.cameout

B.workedout

C.provedout

D.turnedout47.

A.naturally

B.merely

C.hopefully

D.actually48.

A.deciding

B.investing

C.working

D.relying49.

A.became

B.helped

C.missed

D.visited50.

A.patient

B.operator

C.fan

D.publisher51.

A.sign

B.smile

C.mark

D.mask52.

A.showedup

B.setoff

C.felldown

D.passedaway53.

A.since

B.but

C.so

D.for54.

A.guidance

B.trust

C.opportunity

D.inspiration55.

A.promised

B.swore

C.thought

D.replied【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.C40.B41.A42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.D48.C49.A50.C51.B52.D53.B54.D55.C46.D考查動詞短語。除此之外，他是一位八十歲的作家。A項“出現(xiàn)，出版”；B項“鍛煉，解決，制定”；C項“證明是合適的，令人滿意的”；D項“證明是，結果是”。itturnedoutthat是固定搭配，意為“結果是……，結果證明……”故選D項。47.D考查副詞。句意：事實上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在寫一本新書。A項“自然地”；B項“僅僅”；C項“有希望地”；D項“事實上”。故選D項。48.C考查動詞搭配。根據(jù)句意可知，他目前在寫一本新書。A項decideon“決定，確定”；B項investon“投資，花時間在……上”；C項workon“從事，忙于”；D項relyon“依賴，依靠”。故選C項。49.A考查動詞。句意：我們總是在許多時候見到對方，成了朋友。A項“成為”；B項“幫助”；C項“錯過”；D項“拜訪”。故選A項。50.C考查名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，他的確是Bernie的粉絲。A項“病人”；B項“操作員，接線員”；C項“粉絲”；D項“出版商”。故選C項。51.B考查名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，他的舉動感染了我，使我在生活中面帶微笑。A項“標志，跡象，征兆”；B項“微笑”；C項“標記”；D項“面罩”。故選B項。52.D考查動詞短語。句意：他補充說道Jason因為不愿說謊沒掙到錢。A項“出現(xiàn)，露面”；B項“出發(fā)，動身”；C項“跌倒”；D項“去世（死的委婉表達）”。故選D項。53.B考查連詞。句意：他去年不幸死于癌癥，但給我留下了深刻的印象。A項表示時間；B項表示轉折；C項表示結果；D項表示原因。故選B項。54.D考查名詞。句意：他激勵我重新拾起紙筆。A項“指導”；B項“信任”；C項“機會”；D項“鼓舞，激勵，啟發(fā)”。故選D項。55.C考查名詞。句意：我對自己說：“如果他能做到，我也能?！盇項“承諾”；B項“鄭重發(fā)誓”；C項thinktooneself“自言自語”；D項“回答”。故選C項。考點：記敘文閱讀第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)請閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.A.withcareandrespect

B.withreliefandpleasureC.withcautionandcalmness

D.withattentionandobservation57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.【答案】56．A57．C考點：應用文閱讀BIntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste,theconcentration(含量)ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigherin

So-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包裝)itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(動機)forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap(氣泡墊)thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat_________.A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetalsD.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended_________.A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersC.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theincreaseine-waste.

B.Thecreationofe-waste.C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.

D.Themanagementofe-waste.【答案】58．B59．B60．D考點：科普說明文閱讀CSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相關)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.A.academicrequirements

B.socialexpectationsC.financialrewards

D.internalneeds62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.

B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.

D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.

B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.

D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteer

B.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC.HowtoKeepVolunteers’Interest

D.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities【答案】61．D62．B63．C64．A考點：議論文閱讀DFreedomandResponsibilityFreedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece,inAthens(雅典),alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian’sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent”,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butoncemanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.TheDigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatman’sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.

B.Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.

D.Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho________.A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusiness

B.seekgainsastheirprimaryobjectC.behavewithinthelawsandvaluesystems

D.treatotherswithkindnessandpity67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.D.Theauthorisproudofman’scapacity.70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.【答案】65．D66．C67．A68．B69．A70．D考點：歷史文化類說明文閱讀第四部分:任務型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)請閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意:請將答案寫在答題卡上相應題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞。Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,education,andhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ordividetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.Whatnewsstoriesdoyouread?Divisionofnewsstories