2023年人教版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)第二部分考點(diǎn)培優(yōu)訓(xùn)練考點(diǎn)四必修第一冊(cè)Unit3SportsandFitness

四必修第一冊(cè) Unit3SportsandFitness（限時(shí)60分鐘）i.閱讀理解ATherearemanywayswecanenjoysport一watchingitonTVorasmartphone,attendinganeventatastadiumorevenplayingthegame.Butforthosewhoenjoygettingcompetitivewiththeircomputergaming,therearerealistic-lookinggamestobeplayedwithoutleavinghome.Andpeople'sinterestinthistypeofsport-ifthat'swhatwecancallit-hasgonetoanewlevel.Initially,grabbingacontrollerandplayingagamewasanindividualactivity.Butaround20yearsagocomputersbecamecheaperandtheInternetbecamefaster,whichmadeitmucheasierfbrmorepeopletogetinvolvedwithcomputergaming.Thisledtogamersconnectingwitheachotheraroundtheworld,sotheycouldgohead-to-headonline.Italsobecameaspectatorsport,withpeoplewatchingothersplay.Thewholeexperiencehasbeengiventhename“esports“一ElectronicSports.Now,hugeesportstournamentstakeplaceallovertheworldinbigarenas（競(jìng)技場(chǎng)）withlargecrowds.Diehardenthusiasts,whohavebecomefirst-rateplayers,arenowwell-known—someplaytogetherinteams.Itstopstarscanearnmillionsofdollarsayear,withoutevenbreakingintoasweat!Andfansfromaroundtheworldtuneintowatchtheactiononline.Theglobalaudienceisnowestimatedatmorethan200millionandgrowing.Annualprofitsfromesports,currentlyaround650milliondollarsforevents,continuetorisewithbillionsmorethroughthevideogamessales.Famousfootballclubsarenowtryingtogetinontheaction.England'sFootballAssociation,fbrexample,launcheditsfirstesportsteamthisyear,knownastheeLions.Itrecruited（招募）FIFA19playerstorepresentthemattheFIFAeNationsCup.MarkBullingham,theFA'schiefcommercialandfootballdevelopmentofficer,said,“TheFApridesitselfonbeingamodern,innovativeorganizationthattriestoengageandinspireallgenerationsoffootballfans.9,Butwhilethisvirtualversionoffootballmightgivefootballersachancetogetclosertotherealgame,somemightarguethelackofphysicalactivitymeansitshouldn'tbecalledasport一andthebiggestwinnersarethecompanieswhopromoteandsellesports.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了“電子競(jìng)技”的歷史與現(xiàn)狀。從它的發(fā)展歷程中,可以看到這是一項(xiàng)飛速上升發(fā)展的新興“體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”。Whatcontributedmosttothepopularityofesports?Thesupportfromthepublic.CheapercomputersandfasterInternet.Theadvancedsportsequipment.People'spreferencefbrindividualactivities.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。原文第二段介紹了“電子競(jìng)技”從無(wú)到有的歷史進(jìn)程，起初玩游戲純粹是個(gè)人娛樂(lè)，于是引起質(zhì)變，人們能夠“聯(lián)機(jī)二逐漸發(fā)展出了電子競(jìng)技，因而B(niǎo)選項(xiàng)“CheapercomputersandfhsterInternet”(更便宜的電腦和更快的互聯(lián)網(wǎng))兩大關(guān)鍵因素，與原句契合。故選B。WhatcanweinferaboutesportsfromParagraph3?Theyhavebecomeabigindustry.Theymakeplayersgetricheasily.Theywillreplacetraditionalsports.Theyhaveagreatimpactonothersports.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，可直接定位至第三段，這一段列舉了大量的數(shù)字，如高級(jí)玩家的年收入可以達(dá)到成百上千萬(wàn)美元(millionsofdollarsayear),電子競(jìng)技的觀眾規(guī)模超過(guò)兩億，并持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)(morethan200millionandgrowing)等。且根據(jù)最后一句可推知，電子競(jìng)技已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)龐大的產(chǎn)業(yè),A項(xiàng)正確。故選A.WhydoestheauthormentiontheFAinParagraph4?Toexplainwhyithasbecomeinterestedinesports.Totellreadersitistakingtheleadinhostingesports.Tostatetheofficersareproudofitsachievementsinesports.Toshowfamousfootballclubsaregettinginvolvedinesports.【解析】選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中舉了英國(guó)足協(xié)（EnglancTsFootballAssociation）參與電子競(jìng)技的具體情況作為例子（文中提示詞“fbrexample"），可知，作者提及英國(guó)足協(xié)，目的就是印證本段第一句話，即：著名的足球俱樂(lè)部正在加入到電子競(jìng)技的行列中來(lái)。故選D。Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?TheRiseofEsportsTheAdvantagesofEsportsEsportsTeams:FamousforStarPlayersEsportsTournaments:ExcitingandFantasticEvents【解析】選A。主旨大意題?？v觀全文，作者圍繞著“電子競(jìng)技”展開(kāi)，講述著它的過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在與將來(lái)，并且字里行間表明了這是一個(gè)欣欣向榮的行業(yè)。如第三段用大量數(shù)字說(shuō)明這一產(chǎn)業(yè)的龐大，并說(shuō)明其利潤(rùn)“continuetorise”（繼續(xù)上升中），全文處處在說(shuō)明著“TheRiseofEsports”（電子競(jìng)技的騰飛），概括準(zhǔn)確,A項(xiàng)是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。Butaround20yearsagocomputersbecamecheaperandtheInternetbecamefaster,whichmadeitmucheasierformorepeopletogetinvolvedwithcomputergaming.分析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，it作形式賓語(yǔ)，“fbrmorepeopletogetinvolvedwithcomputergaming”是真正的賓語(yǔ)。翻譯：但是大約20年前，電腦變得更便宜，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)變得更快，這使得更多的人更容易參與電腦游戲。B（2022.邯鄲模擬）Kitesurfingisasportthattakesplaceonthesurfaceofwater,ontopofboardsthataresimilarindesigntowakeboards（尾波滑水板）,withthesurferpulledbyakite.Thepopularityofkitesurfinghasgrown,althoughitisratherdifficulttomaster.Kitesurfingusesthesame

equipmentaskiteboarding,butisgenerallygivenmoretoridingontopofwaves,ratherthanonsmallerlakesorothercalmbodiesofwater.Earlyexperimentsinkitetransportationtookplacethroughthe19thcentury,andatthedawnofthe20thcenturySamuelCodycrossedtheEnglishChannelusingkitesandasmallboat.Kitesurfingitselfhowever,wasn'treallybomuntilthelate1970s.Beginninginthatdecade,morepeoplebecameinvolvedinusingkitesforpersonaltransportandsport.Kitetechnologyitselfadvancedenormouslyduringthe1970s,withkitesbecomingmuchmorecontrollable.Theearlykitesurfingwasratheraccidental,butinnovatorscontinuedtodevelopthetechnologytomakeiteasiertocontrolandsafer.Bythelate1990s,kitesurfingwasbecomingpopularoffthecoastofMaui,Franceandthroughouttheworld.In1997,aspecialkitesystemwasbuiltspecificallyfbrkitesurfing,whichhelpedkitesurfingintothemainstream.Becauseofthehighspeedsandthedangers,itisgenerallyrecommendedthatwould-bekitesurferstakeatleastafewbasicclassestolearnthefundamentals.Themainattractionofkitesurfingisthepotentialforamazingtricks.Thekiteallowsthesurfertoexperienceenormousjumps,flyingthroughtheairforlargedistancesbeforehittingthewaterinacontrolledfashion.Likeskateboarding,kitesurfingmakesuseofanumberofboardgrabs,withcomplextrickspossibleduetothelongperiodoftimethesurfercanremainintheair.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了風(fēng)箏沖浪的出現(xiàn)、發(fā)展以及特點(diǎn)。WhatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinParagraph1?Whatiskitesurfing.Wheretogokitesurfing.Howtoenjoykitesurfing.Whypeoplelikekitesurfing.【解析】選A。段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Kitesurfingisasport”（風(fēng)箏沖浪是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)）以及“Kitesurfingusesthesameequipment.可知，本段是對(duì)風(fēng)箏沖浪的概念進(jìn)行解釋。故選A。6.Inthe19thcentury,peopleintendedtousekitefor.B.experimentD.transportationB.experimentD.transportationC.entertainment【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Earlyexperimentsinkitetransportationtookplacethroughthe19thcentury”可知，風(fēng)箏運(yùn)輸?shù)脑缙趯?shí)驗(yàn)貫穿了整個(gè)19世紀(jì)。所以當(dāng)時(shí)的人們?cè)噲D把風(fēng)箏作為交通工具使用。故選D。Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?Kitesurfingoftenleadstoaccidents.Mauiishometokitesurfing.Kitecontrolisthekeytokitesurfing.Kitesurfingcameintobeinginthe1990s.【解析】選Co推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“butinnovatorscontinuedtodevelopthetechnologytomakeiteasiertocontrolandsafer”以及"In1997,aspecialkitesystemwasbuiltspecificallyforkitesurfing,whichhelpedkitesurfingintothemainstream.”可知，風(fēng)箏的控制是風(fēng)箏沖浪的關(guān)鍵。故選C。Whatismostcharmingforpeoplesurfing?A.Itspotentialfortricks.Itslongtimeintheair.Itsspeedacrossthewater.D.Itsbigdistanceoverthewater.【解析】選Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Themainattractionofkitesurfingisthepotentialforamazingtricks.”可知，風(fēng)箏沖浪最吸引人的地方是它潛在的驚人絕技。故選A?！鹃L(zhǎng)難句分析】Kitesurfingisasportthattakesplaceonthesurfaceofthewater,ontopofboardsthataresimilarindesigntowakeboards,withthesurferpulledbyakite.分析：句中第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾sport,第二個(gè)that也是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾boards,最后with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。翻譯：風(fēng)箏沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)是一項(xiàng)發(fā)生在水面上的運(yùn)動(dòng)，滑板頂端設(shè)計(jì)與尾波滑水板類似，劃水者被風(fēng)箏拉著進(jìn)行沖浪。U.完形填空Around50Marsmissionshavebeenlaunchedgloballysofarsince1960.Yetmorethanhalfofthemhave1toreachtheplanetsome55millionkilometersawayfromtheEarth.SoafterChina9sMarsprobe,Tianwen-1,was2onJuly232020,therewasan3waittolearnitsprogress.Thecraftlanded4onthesurfaceoftheplanetonSaturday.Thenewshasbeenmetwithboth5andcelebrationinthecountry.Thelandingwas6exactlyasplanned,whichhasmadeChinathelatestmemberofthecluboftheworld'spioneering7,andshowsthatChinahas8thetechnologiesonitsown.Itisthecan-dospiritthathasplayedakeyroleinChina'sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentinrecentdecades9somefailurestoexploreouterspace.Chinamadeitsearly10inrocketandspacetechnologiesstartingfromthe1960s11thecountryremainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry.12,thecountryhasmadethemostofwhatithadoverthepastmorethansixdecades,makingeffortstomoveaheadintheaerospacecause.In2021,ChinasentTianheintospace,13aseriesoflaunchesthatwillcompletethebuildingofthestationaround2022.Alltheseachievementshave14greatlytothepeacefuluseofouterspace.15itsMarsmission,ChinahasworkedwithEuropeanpartnersandothersandwillhelppushhumankindtotravelfasterandfartherinthefuture.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文講述了中國(guó)成功發(fā)射“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”，“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”成功著陸火星是中國(guó)空間技術(shù)發(fā)展的巨大飛躍。A.begunB.failedC.attemptedD.succeeded【解析】選Bo考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，其中一半以上未能到達(dá)距離地球約5500萬(wàn)千米遠(yuǎn)的行星。A.begun開(kāi)始;B.failed失敗;C.attempted嘗試;D.succeeded成功。根據(jù)上下文以及“Yet(但是)”可知，超過(guò)一半的火星任務(wù)失敗(failed)了。故選Bo

A.transported B.discoveredC.launched D.settled【解析】選c?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此在中國(guó)的火星探測(cè)器“天問(wèn)T”于2020年7月23日發(fā)射后，人們焦急地等待著了解它的進(jìn)展。A.transported運(yùn)輸；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);C.launched發(fā)射;D.settled解決。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文“Thecraftlanded...onSaturday."可知,“天問(wèn)T”是2020年7月23日發(fā)射(launched)的。故選C.A.anxiousB.awareC.awkwardD.amazing【解析】選Ao考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在中國(guó)的火星探測(cè)器“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”于2020年7月23日發(fā)射后，人們焦急地等待著了解它的進(jìn)展。A.anxious焦急的;B.aware有意識(shí)的;C.awkward令人尷尬的：D.amazing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”發(fā)射之后，所有人都在“焦急(anxious)”等待它的進(jìn)展。故選A.A.suddenly B.safelyC.calmly D.obviously【解析】選Bo考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：該飛行器于周六在火星表面安全著陸。A.suddenly突然地;B.safely安全地;C.calmly安靜地;D.obviously明顯地。根據(jù)下文“Thenewshasbeenmetwithbothandcelebrationinthecountry”可知，飛行器安全地(safely)著陸在火星表面。故選瓦A.protestB.regretC.pity D.relief【解析】選D。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)消息讓全國(guó)都感到寬慰和喜慶。A.protest反對(duì);B.regret后悔;C.pity遺憾;D.relief寬慰。根據(jù)上文，飛行器安全著陸火星的消息令人寬慰(relief).故選D。A.carriedawayB.carriedoffC.carriedoutD.carriedonC.carriedoutD.carriedon【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”的著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這使中國(guó)成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂(lè)部的最新成員，也表明中國(guó)已經(jīng)自主開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù)。A.carriedaway帶走;B.carriedoff奪走;C.carriedout實(shí)行;D.carriedon繼續(xù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，飛行器安全著陸，它的著陸是按計(jì)劃實(shí)行的(carriedout),故選CoA.explorers B.applicantsC.officials D.editors【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:“天問(wèn)T”的著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這使中國(guó)成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂(lè)部的最新成員，也表明中國(guó)已經(jīng)自主開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù)。A.explorers探險(xiǎn)者;B.applicants申請(qǐng)人C.officials官員;D.editors編輯。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，飛行器安全地著陸在火星表面是一次太空探險(xiǎn)，中國(guó)已然躋身于世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者(explorers)的行列。故選A。A.borrowed B.selectedC.developed D.removed【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”的著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這使中國(guó)成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂(lè)部的最新成員，也表明中國(guó)已經(jīng)自主開(kāi)發(fā)技術(shù)。A.borrowed借；B.selected選擇C.developed開(kāi)發(fā);D.removed移開(kāi)。由“onitsown”可知，此次火星著陸技術(shù)是中國(guó)自主研發(fā)的(developed)。故選C。A.withoutB.beyondC.except D.despite【解析】選Do考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：近幾十年來(lái)，盡管在探索外太空方面出現(xiàn)了一些失敗，但中國(guó)的科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展始終保持著積極進(jìn)取的精神。A.without沒(méi)有，缺乏;B.beyond超出；C.except除 之外；D.despite盡管。根據(jù)句意邏輯可知，“somefailurestoexploreouterspace”與主句之間有讓步關(guān)系，太空探索盡管(despite)遇到失敗，樂(lè)觀進(jìn)取的精神在科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展方面仍起著關(guān)鍵的作用。故選D。A.promisesB.impacts

C.inventionsD.breakthroughsC.inventionsD.breakthroughs【解析】選Do考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從上世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始，中國(guó)在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期突破，當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)家。A.promises承諾；B.impacts影響；C.inventions發(fā)明：D.breakthroughs突破。根據(jù)句意可知，中國(guó)在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期的突破(breakthroughs)。故選D。A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which【解析】選Bo考查關(guān)系副詞。句意：從上世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始，中國(guó)在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期突破，當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)家。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“thecountryremainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾其前的先彳亍詞“the1960s”，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用when引導(dǎo)，故選B。A.ThusB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.However【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：然而，中國(guó)已經(jīng)充分利用了它在過(guò)去60多年里所擁有的，努力向前推進(jìn)航天事業(yè)。A.Thus因此；B.Therefore因止匕；C.Furthermore此外；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文“thecountryremainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry”可知，止匕處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用“However二故選DeA.gettingoffB.cuttingoffC.startingoff D.puttingoff【解析】選Co考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:2021年，中國(guó)將“天和”送入太空，開(kāi)啟了一系列發(fā)射，這些發(fā)射將在2022年前后完成空間站的建設(shè)。A.gettingoff下車；B.cuttingoff切斷；C.startingoff開(kāi)始；D.puttingoff推遲。根據(jù)上下文，隨著天和核心艙進(jìn)入太空，開(kāi)始了(startingoff)一系列的空間站建設(shè)的發(fā)射任務(wù)。故選&A.appealedB.contributedC.respondedD.belonged【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞搭配辨析。句意：這些成就為和平使用外太空作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。A.appealed(to)呼吁，吸引;B.contributed(to)促成;C.responded(to)響應(yīng);D.belonged(to)屬于。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，所有這些成就極大地促成(contributed)外太空的和平使用。故選B。A.UponB.BeforeC.DuringD.After【解析】選C?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。句意：在火星任務(wù)中，中國(guó)與歐洲伙伴和其他國(guó)家合作，將幫助推動(dòng)人類在未來(lái)走得更快、更遠(yuǎn)。A.Upon在 上；B.Before在 之前；C.During在……期間;D.After在……之后。根據(jù)句意，在火星任務(wù)實(shí)施期間(During),中國(guó)已經(jīng)和其他國(guó)家一起合作來(lái)探索太空。故選C。m.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)(2022.錦州模擬)OnabeautifulThursdayofthisApril,AmyandAlanGreentooktheirdaughterAbbeyoutforawalkintheneighborhood.Ontheirwayback,AmypickedupakiteforAbbeyfromtheDollarTree,bluewithrainbows—therearealotofrainbowsdecoratinghomesaroundtheregionthesedays,whichhelpsmakelifelessdullduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Intheafternoon,Abbeytookthekiteoutforitsfirstflight.Atfirst,thewindwasperfect.Ittookthekitehighinthesky.However,suddenly,thewindbecamemuchstrongerandwhippedthekiteoutofAbbey'shandsinamoment.Itsailedfartherandfartherandfinallygotstuckonthepowerlinesnexttoabigtree,wrappingitselfoverandoveragainaroundthewires.Sincethekitewastoohighforthemtoreach,theGreenscoulddonothingaboutit.Worriedlessaboutthekitethanthepotentialdangeritmightpresenttothelines,AmycalledNationalGridtoreporttheincident.Aboutonehourlater,Mike,aworkerfromthepowercompanyarrived.Hecarefullyunwoundthekitelinefromthewires.Afterabout10minutes9effort,hesuccessfullyfreedit.Butunfortunately,asthekitewaswrappedsotightly,therewassomeunpreventabledamage.Still,hepresenteditatthedoortoAlanGreen.Asheleft,henoticedAbbey