大學(xué)高級(jí)英語(yǔ)(1)修辭格

修辭格匯總2022-4-27PAGEPAGE3一、詞語(yǔ)修辭格simile明喻① Telephonepolesand20-inch-thickpinescrackedlikegunsasthewindssnappedthem.② …,andblowndownpowerlinescoiledlikeblackspaghettiovertheroads③ Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.④ ...amemorythatseemedphonographic⑤ MostAmericanrememberMarkTwainasthefatherof...⑥ oneblinkedbeforethemasoneblinksbeforeamanwithhisfaceshotaway.⑦ acrazylittlechurchjustwestofJeannette,setlikeadormer-windowonthesideofabareleproushill;…⑧ …asteelstadiumlikeahugerattrapsomewherefurtherdowntheline.⑨ Youlookliketheyoungramatthetimeofbutting.⑩ “Gettingtheconstructiongoingwaslikeconductinganorchestra,”Mortensonsays.? GonewasthefiercefervorofthedayswhenBryanhadsweptthepoliticalarenalikeaprairiefire.? TheoratorialstormthatClarenceDarrowandDudleyFieldMaloneblewupinthelittlecourtDaytonsweptlikeafreshwindthroughtheschoolsandlegislativeofficesoftheUnitedStates,metaphor暗喻① thelastthisintermezzocametoanend…② …ontheirlowsidestheyburythemselvesswinishlyinthemud.③ MarkTwain MirrorofAmerica④ sawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight...⑤ mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart⑥ Allwouldresurfaceinhisbooks...thathesoakedup...⑦ Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemand...⑧ ...theepidemicofgoldandsilverfever...⑨ Twainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfame...⑩ MarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwritingmuscles...? TheDuchessofCroydonkeptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind.? Hervoicewasawhiplash.? Wecanbattendownandrideitout? Windandrainnowwhippedthehouse.? ItisthatofaPresbyteriangrinning.? Thecrowdseemedtofeelthattheirchampionhadnotscorchedtheinfidelswiththehotbreathhisoratoryasheshouldhave.? accusedBryanofcallingforadueltothedeathbetweenscienceandreligion.? ThenthecourtbrokeintoastormofapplausethatsurpassedthatforBryan.? HerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica,thecenterofitsmostlucrativeandcharacteristicactivity,…? Andoneandalltheyarestreakedingrime,withdeadandeczematouspatchesofpaintpeepingthroughthestreaks.Whenithastakenonthepatinaofthemillsitisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.andabubbleofhappinessroseupsoforcefullythathecouldn’tkeepittohimself.

Agrinsmoldered,thenignitedatthecenterofhisthickbeard.Theairhadthefresh-scrubbedclaritythatonlycomeswithaltitude.BeyondKorpheK2,theicepeaksoftheinnerKarakoramknifedrelentlesslyintoadefenselesssky.（（3）metonymy借代，轉(zhuǎn)喻...hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickaxesynecdoche提喻Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead...personification擬人① Thehurricanetorethreelargecargoshipsfromtheirmooringsandbeachedthem.② Amomentlater,thehurricane,inonemightyswipe,liftedtheentireroofoffthehouseandskimmedit40feetthroughtheair.③ …itseizeda600,000-gallonGulfportoiltankanddumpedit3.5milesaway.④ Americalaughedwithhim.⑤ ...toliterature'senduringgratitude...⑥ Thegraveworldsmilesasusual...⑦ Bitternessfedontheman...⑧ Americalaughedwithhim.⑨ Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife.⑩ BeyondKorpheK2,theicepeaksoftheinnerKarakoramknifedrelentlesslyintoadefenselesssky.transferredepithet移就① Apartmentsthereheldahurricanepartytowatchthestormfromtheirspectacularvantagepoint.② Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulder.③ Theobesebodyshookinanappreciativechuckle.④ Duringhisvisitshehadkeptrespectfuldistancefromthemosque,andKorphe’sreligiousleader.hyperbole夸張① WhatIalludetoistheunbrokenandagonizingugliness,thesheerrevoltingmonstrousness,ofeveryhouseinsight.② HerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica,…,theboastandprideof therichestandnationeverseenonearth③ Herewaswealthbeyondcomputation,almostbeyondimagination.④ …sotheyhavethemostloathsometownsandvillageseverseenbymortaleye.⑤ ...cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand...endlesssummeroffreedom...⑥ Thecastofcharacters...-acosmos.⑦ Thetrialthatrockedtheworld⑧ HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld.oxymoron矛盾修飾法DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,"victoriousdefeat."euphemism委婉語(yǔ)① …amotleybandofConfederateguerrillaswhodiligentlyavoidedcontactwiththeenemy.② ...men'sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggleirony反語(yǔ)① Hiroshima—the“l(fā)iveliest”cityinJapan② Iawardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.③ Whenithastakenonthepatinaofthemillsitisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.④ Itisasifsometitanicandaberrantgenius,uncompromisinglyinimicaltoman,haddevotedallingenuityofHelltothemakingofthem.(hyperbole)⑤ Itisincrediblethatmereignoranceshouldhaveachievedsuchmasterpiecesofhorror.⑥ …untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcenturysarcasm諷刺，挖苦①Obviously,iftheywerearchitectsofanyprofessionalsenseordignityintheregion,theywouldhaveperfectedachalettohugthehillsides—achaletwithahigh-pitchedroof,tothrowofftheheavywintersnows,butstillessentiallyalowandclingingbuilding,widerthanitwastall.②Myfriendtheattorney-generalsaysthatJohnScopesknowswhatheisherefor,"Darrowdrawled."Iknowwhatheisherefor,too.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotry(頑固)are,anditisamightystrongcombination.③Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.④Theylikeitasitis:besideit,theParthenonwouldnodoubtoffendthem.ridiculeWordsoractionsintendedtoevokecontemptuouslaughteratorfeelingstowardapersonorthing愚弄有意激起對(duì)某人或某事的蔑視的笑或看不起的感情而說(shuō)的話或做的事① Afterpainfullydesigninganderectingit,theymadeitperfectintheirownsightbyputtingacompletelyimpossiblepenthousepaintedastaringyellow,ontopofit.② Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassisted...③ Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.④ Bryanmoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.pun雙關(guān)①DARWINISRIGHT–INSIDE.allusion典故IimaginedthestoriesofordinaryblackpeoplemergingwiththestoriesofDavidandGoliath,MosesandPharaoh,theChristiansinthelion'sden,Ezekiel'sfieldofdrybones.Litotes語(yǔ)輕意重法間接肯定法)Thecountryitselfisnotuncomely,despitethegrimeoftheendlessmills.二、結(jié)構(gòu)修辭格parallelism排比① IchosetorunforthepresidencyatthismomentinhistorybecauseIbelievedeeplythatwecannotsolvethechallengesofourtimeunlesswesolvethemtogether-unlessweperfectourunionbyunderstandingthatwemayhavedifferentstories,butweholdcommonhopes;...② DidIknowhimtobeanoccasionallyfiercecriticofAmericandomesticandforeignpolicy?Ofcourse.DidIeverhearhimmakeremarksthatcouldbeconsideredcontroversialwhileIsatinchurch?Yes.DidIstronglydisagreewithmanyofhispoliticalviews?Absolutely.③ ThemanImetmorethantwentyyearsagoisamanwhohelpedintroducemetomyChristianfaith,

amanwhospoketomeaboutourobligationstoloveoneanother;tocareforthesickandliftupthepoor.HeisamanwhoservedhiscountryasaU.S.Marine;whohasstudiedandlecturedatsomeofthefinestuniversitiesandseminariesinthecountry,andwhoforoverthirtyyearsledachurchthatservesthecommunitybydoingGod'sworkhereonEarth-byhousingthehomeless,ministeringtotheneedy,providingdaycareservicesandscholarshipsandprisonministries,and reachingouttothosesufferingfromHIV/AIDS.④Likeotherpredominantlyblackchurchesacrossthecountry,Trinityembodiestheblackcommunityinitsentirety-thedoctorandthewelfaremom,themodelstudentandtheformergang-banger.Likeotherblackchurches,Trinity'sservicesarefullofraucouslaughterandsometimesbawdyhumor.anticlimax反高潮“Seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,atownknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters”.antithesis對(duì)比① OncertainlevelsoftheAmericanrace,indeed,thereseemstobeapositivelibidofortheugly,asotherandlessChristianlevelsthereisalibidoforthebeautiful.② TheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow③ ...betweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare.④ ...aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever⑤ Therockslookedmorelikeanancientruinthanthebuildingblocksofanewschool.⑥ Longafterallthoseramsaredeadandeatenthisschoolwillstillstand.⑦ ...thatwemayhavedifferentstories,butweholdcommonhopes;thatwemaynotlooktheandwemaynothavecomefromthesameplace,butweallwanttomoveinthesamedirection...⑧ I'vegonetosomeofthebestschoolsinAmericaandlivedinoneoftheworld'spoorestnations.⑨ Thechurchcontainsinfullthekindnessandcruelty,thefierceinte