上海高三英語2019長寧一模

長寧區(qū)2018學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)控試卷高三英語（滿分140（滿分140分，完卷時間120分鐘）2018.12I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Atthedressshop.bestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Atthedressshop.C.Atthehairdressers.'A.Playtheviolin.C.Writeacomposition..A.$4.B.$31.A.Someonewitnessingacrime.C.Someonelookingfortherobber.5.A.Howtocontactthetravelagency.C.Wheretofindtheairlineinformation.6A.Thesuitcasemightbetakenbymistake.C.Thesuitcasedoesnotlookidealinsize.A.ShehasneverbeentoParisbefore.C.ShenremembersverylittleaboutParis.A.Hecan’tshowthewomanthedirection.C.Hehasmetthewomansomewherebefore.A.Ithasbeengivenanewcolour.Ithasbeentradedforanewone.B.Atthebutchers.’Atthegrocerystore.Stayathome.D.Attendtheconcert.$40.D.$69.B.Asalesmanoftheshop.Afriendofthewoman.B.Whetherhersisterhasarrivedsafely.D.Whyhersisterhasrescheduledsuddenly.B.Thesuitcasemightnotbeofgoodquality.D.Thesuitcaseseemsquitecheap-looking.B.SheknowsayoungmanwhocouldbehelpfulD.Shewouldliketotalkaboutitsomeothertime.B.He'snowworkingintheprincipal'soffice.D.Hewon'twaitforhisfriendattheentrance.B.Helenhashaditcheckedrecently.D.Helenhasjustrenteditfromagarage.A.Tomhadbeenpreparingthepartyforlong.TomstoodoutinthejobinterviewinLondon.Tomshouldhavestayedathomefortheexam.Tomeventuallymanagedtoshowupattheparty.Question11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassageA.OriginoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary.C.IntroductionofEnglishdictionaries.A.OriginoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary.C.IntroductionofEnglishdictionaries.A.Itsreliablesources.C.Itswayofinvention.A.ToemphasizethefunctionofadictionaryToillustratethedevelopmentoflanguageB.ProcessofEnglishdictionarypublication.HistoryofWebsterDictionaryofEnglishB.Itsvariousmeanings.D.Itsfrequencyofuse.B.ToIntroducethemeaningofthephrase.D.Torecordtheinventionofnewwords.Question14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassageA.Bypicturingandaddingmaps.C.Bystoringanddevelopingimages.A.Bypicturingandaddingmaps.C.Bystoringanddevelopingimages.A.BanksuseittoofferafastentryC.CompaniesuseitforsecurityA.FlexibleB.NeutralB.Bydrawingandmeasuringpoints.D.Bycomparingandmatchingfaceprints.ItcanonlybeusedwithpermissionD.Itcanbeusedtomeetcustomer'sneeds.PositiveD.CriticalB.ItisnotpracticalD.Itisnotlovesending.B.ItisnotpracticalD.Itisnotlovesending.B.Byrefusingtoacceptit.D.Byleavingitaside.B.Themanisdirectandgrateful.D.Thewomanpicksgiftatrandom.B.Differentopinionsongiftgiving.D.Happymomentsofgettinggifts..A.ItisnotimaginativeC.Itisnottimesaving.A.BygivingittosomeoneelseC.Bytradingitforagiftcard.A.Thewomanhasbeenconvinced.C.Themantrulylovessnowglobes.A.PracticalsuggestionongiftgivingC.Easywaysofbuyingthoughtfulgifts.n.GrammarandVocabularyDirection:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.PlantingPatriotismYoungboysarenoteasilyshocked,but12-year-oldPrestonSharpsureknowsthefeeling.“Yeah,Iwassurprisedandevendisappointed,“Prestonsaid,Preston'smom,AprilSharpIsaid,(21)(see)himlikethisangryandpassionate.”Whatupsethersonsomuchwasvisitinghisgrandpa'sgraveinReddingdCailfzhngathatnoteveryveteran(老兵)inthecemeteryhasaflag.SoApriltoldhimason(22)youaregoingtocomplainaboutsomething,youhavetodosomethingaboutitorletitgo.”NextthingAprilknew,Prestonwastakingonoddjobsandaskingfordonations(23)(buy)flagsandflowersforeveryveteraninhisgrandpa.Andwhnenteiratcemetery(24)(cover),hemovedontoanother,andthenanother.Hereweare,nearlythreeyearsandabout65,000graveslater.Hedoesiteveryweek(25)theweatherislike,rainorshineespeciallyrain."Theywereoutthereintheraindoingtheirjob,(26)(protect)us,“Prestonsaid.Hisdevotionisinfections.Whenwordgetsout(27)PrestonwillbeatacemeteryhehasaFacebookpage,PrestonSharp/VetflagsandFlowerspeople,likeVietnamveteranFredLoveland,feel(28)(oblige)tojoinin,"It'samazingLovelandsaid."Whathe'sdoingbrings9)outbecausewecan'tbelieyeuangmaninthiscountryisdoingwhathedoes."Itisamovementofyoungandold,ofthosewhoservedandthosewhoaresogratefulforwhattheydid,allledbyaproudgrandson(30)sawaninjusticeanddecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox,Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.astonishingB.borderedC.blackoutsD.consequencesE.constantF.estimatedG.explodedH.fascinatedL.processJ.stretchedK.upsettingAurora(極光):wondersordisturbancesCanada,February2017:Istoodinthesnowonafrozenlake,watchingastheskytwistedinfrontofme.Greenbandsoflight31outinthedarkness.Slowlythecolourstwistedandbrokeandreappearedelsewhereuntil,suddenly,awholebandflowedandpulsedacrossthesky,32withdelicateyellow,pinksandpurples.Itwasasdramaticasthunderstorm,yetcalm.Gentle,yet33.Mostofall,itwasagift.ThiswasmyfifthauroratripandthefirsttimeIhadseenfastmovementsandbrightcolours.Thecalmgreenauroraldisplaysthatmanypeopleseearedrivenbya(n)34streamofparticles(微粒)fromthesun,calledthesolarwind.Butwhenthesunthrowsusextrahotfastparticles,thisprocessgoesoverdrive—wegetmuchmoremovementandcolour.Itisglorious!Aurora-spotterslongforit.Butforsome,thewildmovementsoftheheavenscanhaveserious35.Satellites'electronicsareaffectedordamagedbyincomingfastparticlies,36industriesthatrelyonthem.Flightsmayneedtochangecoursetoavoidradio37aroundthepoles,ortoprotectaircrewfromenhancedradiationexposure.Duringasolarstorm,aircrewmayreceivetheirannualradiationlimitoverasingleflight.Stormyspaceweatheraffectsusontheground,too.Alargerstormin1989causeda10-hourelectricalblackoutoverCanada'sQuebecProvince,costingtheeconomya(n)___38___C$10billion.DisturbanceoftheatmospherecausesproblemswithradiobroadcastandGPS.InSeptember2017,ahugesolarflame39justasHurricanelranhittheCaribbean.TheresultantHFradioblackouthelduptheemergencyresponse.Meanwhile,beautifulauroradisplayswereseeninEngland.Placeitsbeautyaside,then,andtheauroral40isnothingotherthanagiantplanetarydisturbance,moreofaworrythanawonderforsomepeople.YetseldomdosuchdisturbanceshavesuchfascinatingsideeffectsasthatoftheauroradancingacrossourArcticskies.Ill.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandDFillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Marmosetmonkeysexistonabranchoftheevolutionarytreethatisdistinctfromtheonethatledtohumans.Buttheyconstantlyastonishresearcherswith___41___behaviorthatseemsprettyhighlyevolved.Theirsocialorganizationand42practicescouldhavebeenthemodelforthephrase”It弋a(chǎn)ketomvilaigemaleandfemalebreed,andtheirbabiesarecarefullylookedafterbyextendedfamilymemberswhothenaren'tfreetobreedthemselves.Anewstudyfurther43themarmoset'sreputationforadmirablecommunityvalues.Researchersreportthatthesecaregiverssharetheirfoodmoregenerouslywithlittleones44thanwhenthey'surroundedbythewatchfuleyesofothercommunitymembers.Incomplexsocietieswhereindividualsbandtogetherfor45protection,researchershavecomeupwithafewwidelyacceptedexplanationsforselflessbehavior.Butspecificacts,likesharingadeliciouscricket(蟋蟀)withabeggingbabymarmoset,seemtoneedmore46explanation.Onepossibilityisthatanindividualpractices47asameansofenhancinghisstatusamongpeers.By48thatheissowellgiftedwithmaterialgoodsthathecangivesomeaway,thisdo-gooderenhanceshispowerwithinthegroup.That,inturn,may49prospectivemates.Theotherexplanationforcharitablebehavior50thatkindnessesextendedtoothersaresimplythefeesofgroupmembership,whichofferssomefuturepromiseofachancetomate.Failuretosharewouldresultinexclusionfromthegroupandalossof51partners.Scientistscallthisthe“paytostaymodel.Importantly,forbothofthesemodelstowork,actsofkindnessmusthavea(n)52.Thatsuggestsyouwouldseemoresharingingroupsettings;awayfromjudgingeyes,acaregivermightbemorelikelytokeepfoodforhimselforherself.Andyet,in2,581testsconductedwith31adultand14babymarmosets,the53appearedtobetrue.Anthropologists(人類學(xué)家)fromtheUniversityofZurichcarefullydocumentedhowoften,ingroupsandinconditionsthatfoundcaregiverandbabyseparatedfromthecrowd,anadultwouldsharehisorhercricket.Whenalonewithababybeggingforataste,adultmarmosetssharedtheircricket85%ofthetime.Wheninagroup,caregiversoffereduptheircricket67%ofthetime."Ourresultsshowthathelpingincommonmarmosetsisnotdrivenbyreputationmanagementor54avoidance,thestudyauthorsreported."Ratherjtisdrivenbyadeep-downmotivationtohelpthatismore55expressedwhenindividualsarealonewithyoung.”41.A.animalB.carefulC.socialD.individual42.A.evolvingB.communicatingCorganizingD.parenting43.AshinesB.damagesC.affectsD.protests44.A.atplayB.inprivateC.onscheduleD.byaccident45.A.adequateB.effectiveC.continualD.mutual46.A.creativeB.complexC.specificD.official47.A.generosityB.wisdomC.independenceD.governance48.A.promisingB.demonstratingC.pretendingD.explaining49.A.countonB.goafterC.appealtoD.benefitfrom50.A.assumesB.confirmsC.enhancesD.concludes51.A.regularB.dominantC.potentialD.previous52.A.atmosphereB.audienceC.feedbackD.judge53.A.statisticsB.expectationC.argumentD.opposite54.A.responsibilityB.punishmentC.arrangementD.difficulty55.A.stronglyB.causallyC.delicatelyD.fearlesslySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheInformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whattoendurebeforepublication?Ittakesalottowriteanovel.Eventhosewhohaven'ttriedwouldsay,“Well,duh!”tothis.Butitmindspaceortheconsiderabletimeittakestowriteanovelthatisasdiscouragingashowmanytimesanywritermustgobacktothedrawingboardforyetanotherdraft.Toreallyreadyanovelforpublication,awritermustspendtimewithhisorherbook.Likeanypromisingrelationship,you,thewriter,mustdateyournovel,takeitouttodinner,meetitsparents,andseeitthroughitsmosttryinganddesperatetimes.Asawriter,youhavetostayupallnightwithyournovelcryingandtalkingandsometimesevenpullingyourhairoutbeforethatperfectmomentofinspirationcantrulyhelpyoucrossthefinishline.FormanypublishedauthorsIknow,myselfincluded,acompletednoveltakesthemabout10,that'sright,1andatleastayearofrealediting.Willyoubespendingeverysinglesecondeditingyournovel?No,ofcoursenot.Justasdraftsneedsomerealtimeonthesurgerytable,theyalsoneedrestintherecoveryroom.Youdon’tnursearelationsbyspendingeverywakingsecondwiththemuntilyoucan'tstandthesightofeachother,andyoucanbybreathingdownitsliteraryneck.However,anovelshouldundergomanydraftsanddifferentkindsofdrafts—beforedeclaringitreadyforanagentoreditortosee.Everyonehastheirownwaytowriteanovel,andnotallcraftadvice(orevencraft“rules”byeveryone,butwhenitcomestothemanydraftsofanovel,therearespecificthingsawritershouldfocusonduringeachrevisiontohelpcreateasmoothtransitionfromtheinitialideatofinalproducts.Peoplearediscouragedfromwritinganovelmainlybecauseitrequires.A.agoodpublisherB.toomuchthinkingC.tonsofworkingtimeD.frequentrevisionsWhatdowritersdointhecourseofcreatinganovel?A.Theyspendeveryminutewiththenovel.B.Theytreatthenovelasalover.C.Theygooutwithsomereadersfordinner.D.Theyhurtthemselvestostayawake.Bybreathingdownitsliteraryneck“inParagraph2,theauthormostprobablymeans.writingcasuallythusfailingtotakereaders'breathawaylettinggoasinglemistakethusannoyingthereadersX-rayingtheworkthusfindingeachliterarymistakestickingtooclosetotheworkthuscausinganxietyWhichofthefollowingismostlikelytocomeafterthelastparagraph?Theimportanceofusingpropertransitionalwordsinwriting.Thewritingexperiencesharedbyfamoussuccessfulwrite.Tipsonhowtomaketendraftstocompleteagoodnovel.Setbackswritersmaysufferifignoringthecraftadvice.

(B)TopSixMostChallengedBooksin2017OfficeforIntellectualFreedom(OIF)intheStatestracked354challenges(formalattemptstoremoveorrestrictTopaccesstolibrarymaterialsandservices)tolibrary,school,anduniversitymaterialsandservicesin2017.Someindividualchallengesresultedinrequeststorestrictorremovemultipletitles.Overall,416booksweretargeted.HerearetheTopSixMostChallengedBooksin201712ThirteenReasonsWhyByJayAsherOriginallypublishedin2007,thisNewYorkTimesbestsellerhasresurfacedasadebatablebookafterNetflixairedaTVseriesbythesamename.Thisyoungadultnovelwaschallengedandbannedinmultipleschooldistricts,foritdiscussesself-killing.DramaWrittenandillustratedbyRainaTelgemeierThisStonewallHonorAward-winning,2012graphicnovelfromamuch-admiredcartoonistwaschallengedandbannedinschoollibrariesbecauseitincludesconfusedsexualorientationcharactersandwasconsidered“confusing.”GeorgeByAlexGinoWrittenforchildren,thisLambdaLiteraryAwardwinnerwaschallenged

andbannedbecauseitincludesatransgenderchild.ToKillaMockingbirdByHarperLeeThisPulitzerPrize-winningnovel,consideredanAmericanclassic,waschallengedandbannedbecauseofviolenceanditsuseoftheN-wordtoinsultblackpeople.TheKiteRunnerByKhaledHosseini12ThirteenReasonsWhyByJayAsherOriginallypublishedin2007,thisNewYorkTimesbestsellerhasresurfacedasadebatablebookafterNetflixairedaTVseriesbythesamename.Thisyoungadultnovelwaschallengedandbannedinmultipleschooldistricts,foritdiscussesself-killing.DramaWrittenandillustratedbyRainaTelgemeierThisStonewallHonorAward-winning,2012graphicnovelfromamuch-admiredcartoonistwaschallengedandbannedinschoollibrariesbecauseitincludesconfusedsexualorientationcharactersandwasconsidered“confusing.”GeorgeByAlexGinoWrittenforchildren,thisLambdaLiteraryAwardwinnerwaschallenged

andbannedbecauseitincludesatransgenderchild.ToKillaMockingbirdByHarperLeeThisPulitzerPrize-winningnovel,consideredanAmericanclassic,waschallengedandbannedbecauseofviolenceanditsuseoftheN-wordtoinsultblackpeople.TheKiteRunnerByKhaledHosseiniThismultigenerationalnovelpraisedbymanycriticswaschallengedandbannedbecauseitincludessexualviolenceandwasthoughtto“l(fā)eadoterrorismand"promoteIslam.”6TheHateUGiveByAngieThomasDespitewinningmultipleawardsandbeingthemostsearched-forbookonGoodreadsduringitsdebut(首秀)year,thisyoungadultnovelwaschallengedandbannedinschoollibrariesandcurricularbecauseofdruguseandoffensivelanguage.60.ThesesixmostchallengedbooksareallA.prizewinnersorwellreceivedbythepublicB.writtenforcuriousyoungadultsinschoolsA.prizewinnersorwellreceivedbythepublicB.writtenforcuriousyoungadultsinschoolsC.bannedandchallengedinnationwidelibrariesD.involvedwithviolenceandaggressivelanguage61.Whichofthefollowingwouldberemovedfromschoollibrariestoavoidmisleadingkidsintoracialism?A.TheHateUGiveB.ToKillaMockingbirdC.TheKiteRunnerD.ThirteenReasonsWayC.TheKiteRunnerD.ThirteenReasonsWaytcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatintheStatesOIFisresponsibleforthechallengesreportedfromlocalschoolsanduniversitiesthegovernmentischallengedbyintellectualfreedominpublicmaterialsandservicesC.issueslikementalillness,druguseandsexeducationreallyconcernthegovernmentD.bestsellersandprizewinnersareoftenquestionedandrejectedbythepublic（C）'sleadingwhhardtoimagine蛹Theterm'darktourism'isfarnewerthanthepractice,whichlongpredatesPompeii'semergenceasadarkattraction.DrPhilipStone,perhapstheworldacademicexpertondarktourism,considerstheRomanColosseumtobeoneofthefirstdarktouristsites,wherepeopletravelledlongdistancestowatchdeathassport.Later,untilthelate18thcentury,theappealwascruelerstillincentralLondon,wherepeoplepaidmoneytositingrandstandstowatchmasshangings.Dealerswouldsellpiesatthesite,whichwasroughlywhereMarbleArchstandstoday.'sleadingwhhardtoimagine蛹Itwasonlyin1996that'darktourism'enteredthescholarlyvocabularyacademicsinGlasgowapplieditwhilelookingatsitesassociatedwiththemurderofJohnF.Kennedy.Thosewhostudydarktourismidentifyplentyofreasonsforthegrowingphenomenon,includingraisedawarenessofitasanidentifiablething.Accesstositeshasalsoimprovedwiththearrivalofcheapairtravel.It'theAuschwitz-BirkenaumemorialandmuseumwouldnowwelcomemorethantwomillionvisitorsayearwereitnotforitsnearnesstoKrakow'snternationalairport.PeterHohenhaus,awidelytravelleddarktouristbasedinVienna,alsopointstothebroaderriseinoff-the-beatentracktourism,beyondtheterritoryofpopularguidebooksandTripAdvisorrankings."Alotofpeopledon'twantmainstreamtourismandthatoftenmeansengagingwithplacesthathaveamorerecenthistorythan,say,aRomanruin,“hesays.and'mosugotoSarajevpeoplerememberthewarbeinginthenewssoitfeelsclosertoonebiography（傳記own'Hohenhausisalsoafanof'beautyindecay',thecontemporaryculturalmovementinwhichurbanruinshavebecomesubjectmatterforexpensivecoffee-tablebooksandathousandInstagram（照片墻）accounts.Thecrossoverwithdeathisclear."I'vealwaysbeendrawntoruinedthingsar-oldsays.Butwhee54likeanytourism,darktourismatitsbestiseducational,theexampleofGrenfellTower（aLondontowerblock,destroyedbyafirein2017with71deaths）hintsattheuneasefeltatsomesites."IreLonelyPlanetBluelistbookhadachapteraboutdarktourismawhileagoandoneoftheruleswasbacktooearly',"Hohenhaussays."I'llbeinterestedtoseeGrenfellTowerupclose.Icanseetheattraction.ButIwouldnotstandinthestreettakingaselfie（自拍）merrily.”.'Darktourism'canbedefinedastourisminvolvingtraveltoplaceshardlyhavingaccesstoinancienttimeswithahistoryevenbeforehumancivilizationhistoricallyrelatedtodeathandtragedyinEuropefamousforcruelbutexcitingsports.Darktourismcameintosightwhen.scholarsfinallyrevealedsecretsaboutsomehistoricaleventspeoplewerenomoresatisfiedwithordinarytouristdestinationsroadtransportationwasabletotakepeoplearoundtheworldresearchersrealizedthesignificanceofsustainabletourism.WhatisimpliedinHohenhaus'wordsinthelastparagraph?Peoplefailtogetlessonsfromdisasterscausingterribleloss.Themediaarepublicizingthemoderncityruinsimproperly.Visitorsarefreetotakeselfieswiththe'beautyofdecaySometouristsshowalackofrespectfordarktouristsites..Whichofthefollowingbestservesasthetitleofthispassage?A.MoralitymirroredintourismB.TourismboomedwithtragediesRankingofdarktourismsitesD.ProperattitudestodarktourismSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Inotherwords,becausewepaidoffandclosedalineofcredit,ourscorestookahit.B.Itisalwaysmoreimportanttoknowhowmuchyouareabletoearnthantoborrow.C.Allittellsyouiswhetheryouaregoodatborrowingmoneyandpayingitback.Believeitornot,thesestandardsallowyoutobepunishedforbecomingdebt-free!ThesearethereasonswhyIhavestoppedworryingaboutmycreditscore.Whileallofthatistrue,itdoesn'ttellthewholestory.WhyIstoppedworryingaboutmycreditscore?Ifyoubelievedeverythingyoureadaboutyourcreditscore,you'dhinkitwasthemostimportantcomponentofyourfinancialhealth.Withoutagoodcreditscoreandhistory,theexpertssay,itqualifyforamortgage(按揭)oracarloan—andmoreexpensiveifyou'reapprovedforaloan,too,becauseyouwon'tgetthebestinterestrates.Inmanystates,badcreditcanevenraiseyourinsurancepayments,costyouarentalapartment,ormakeithardertogethired.67Firstoff,thereareseveralcreditscoresoutthere.Whileit'simportanttocultivateyourcreditscoresbyusingcreditresponsibly,yourFICOcreditscoremaynotbethesameaswhatVantageScorereports,andlendersmayuseadifferentoneentirely,sofocusingononescorecanbeafruitlessexercise.MoreimportantasfinancialreporterDaveRamseynotesonhisblog,yourcreditscoreisnotameasureofyouroverallfinancialhealth.Hewrites:“68―”FICO,themostpopularcredit-scoringagency,usersseveralweightedfactorstodetermineyourcreditscore,includingpaymenthistory(35percent),amountsowed(30percent),lengthofcredithistory(15percent),newcredit(10percent),andcreditmix(10percent).69MyhusbandandIenjoyedsteadycreditscoresabove820forawhile.Butwhenwepaidoffoneofourrentalpropertiesin2017,webothsawourcreditscoresfallby20ormorepoints.Thesuddendroptookplacebecausewecompleteda15-yearloanandreducedtheaveragelengthofourcredithistorytremendously.70That'sblackmail.Iwouldratherbedebt-freethanhaveaperfectcreditscore.Yourcreditscoreiscertainlyimportantwhenyou'restartingoutandlikelytoborrowmoneyforadownpayment(首付)onahomeorsomeotherbigpurchase.Butonceyou'refairlyestablishedfinancially,it'smucheasiertoseeitforwhatitreallyis:ameasureofhowwellyouborrowmoney.N.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Takecareofyourspine(脊柱)Thespinestandsatthecenterofyourhealth,providingyourbodywithstructureandsupport.Italsocontainsyourspinalcord,amassivecollectionofnervesconveyingelectricsignalsfromtherestofyourbodytoyourbrain.Sinceyourspineissocentraltoyourhealth,it'importanttolookafterit.Maintaininggoodposture（姿勢）isoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotokeepyourspinehealthy.Properposturemeansstandingorsittingwhilekeepingyourspinestraight,exceptforitsnaturalcurves.Posturecomesintoplayevenwhenyou'reasleep.Sleepingonyoursideputslessstressonyourspinethanmostotherpositions.Stayingstillfortoolong—evenifyourpostureisgood-canbehardonyourback.Especiallyifyouworkatadeskmostoftheday,itimportanttogetupandstretchperiodically.Exerciseisalsoanimportantfactorinthehealthofyourspine.Stretchcanhelpthemusclesaroundyourspinerelaxandallowbonestoshiftintobetterarrangement.Strengthexerciseslikepushupscanalsohelpbystrengtheningthemusclesaroundyourspine.However,don'overdotheexercise,asrepeatedmotionscanstainthemusclesaroundyourspine.Finally,yourdietaffectsthehealthofyourspinebecausemanyvitaminsarenecessaryforbonesandnerves.Inparticular,Bvitaminsandomega-3fattyacidshelpkeepnerveshealthy,soyoumaywanttoconsidertakingasupplement.AnotherimportantfactorisvitaminD,whichisessentialforstrongbones.VitaminDcancomefromsomefoods,butit'salsoabsorbedfromsunlight,soitmayhelptodosomeofthosebackexercisesoutside.Manyoftheactionsnecessarytokeepyourspinehealthyareidenticaltothoseusedtopreserveyourhealthinotherways.Soprotectourback,andtherestofbodywillbenefit.V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..任何人都不可能輕而易舉獲得成功。（ease）.遇到緊急情況一定要冷靜，否則可能會造成嚴(yán)重后果。（or）.我們只有學(xué)會尊重人際間的差異，才能避免誤會，與他人建立和諧的關(guān)系。（Only）.令教練欣慰的是，整個辯論隊齊心協(xié)力，克服了遇到的各種困難，最終所有的努力都得到了回報。（rewardv.）VI.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)的高三學(xué)生王蕾。學(xué)校正在招募話劇團(tuán)(dramaclub)和機(jī)器人社團(tuán)(robotblub)新成員。你在日記中表達(dá)獲知該消息時的感受，做出選擇，并闡述理由。

長寧區(qū)一模英語試卷參考答案I.ListeningComprehension1-5CDBAB6-10BCAAD11-13CDC14-16DDC17-20AABBII.GrammarandVocabulary21.haveseen22.if/what/wheneverprotecting27.that28.obliged31-35JBAED36-40KCFGI23.tobuy24.wascovered/hadbeencoveredII.GrammarandVocabulary21.haveseen22.if/what/wheneverprotecting27.that28.obliged31-35JBAED36-40KCFGI23.tobuy24.wascovered/hadbeencovered29.us30.who/that25.whatever26.51-55CBDBA63-66CBDB67-70FCDA51-55CBDBA63-66CBDB67-70FCDA41-45CDABD36-50CABCA56-59DBDC60-62ABCSummaryWritingHowcanyoulookafteryourspinetoenjoygoodhealth?First,avoidpoorpostureandlong-termmotionlessnesswhetheryou'restanding,sittingorlying.Second,dosomestretchingandstrengtheningexercise.Finally,keepadietrichinvitaminssupplementedwithsomeextraonesifnecessaryandoutdoorbackexercise.(49)VI.Translation.Itisimpossibleforanyonetoachievesuccesswithease./Nobodycanachievewithease.(3')Keepcalm/Calmdowninemergency,oritcanbringabout/causeseriousconsequences.(3')Onlybylearning/whenwelearntorespectinterpersonaldifferences/differencesbetween(among)peoplecanweavoidmisunderstandingandbuildharmoniousrelationshipswithothers.(4')Tothecoach'srelief,allthedebate/debatingteammembershaveworkedtogether/cooperatedtoovercomevariousdifficultiestheymetwith/encountered/cameacross,andalltheireffortshavefinallybeenrewarded.(5')VI.GuidedWriting略聽力錄音文字ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.M:Howdoyoulikeitcut?W:Nottooshort.Leaveitlonginfront.Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?M:There'saconcerttomorrownight.Wouldyouliketogowithme?W:Whatagoodidea!Ihaven’tbeentooneforalongtime.Q:Whatwillthewomanprobablydotomorrownight?W:Excuseme.IlikedochangethisbluejacketIboughtlastweekforthatblackone.M:Theblueoneis$19andtheblack$50.Q:What’sthepricedifferencebetweenthetwojackets?M:Youwereshoppinginthestorethatnightwhentherobberyoccurred,weren'tyou?W:Me?Thatmustbesomeonewholookedlikeme.Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?W:MysisterwassupposedtocallmewhenshegottoShanghai,butshedidn’t.M:Don'tworry.Herplanewasscheduledtoarriveonlyafewhoursago.Probablyithasjustbeendelayed.Q:Whatisthewomanworriedabout?W:Honey,Ilikethissuitcase.It-catchingasi(eyeostimportantlymuchcheaper.M:Butitmaynotlastaslong.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?M:IneedtotalktosomeonewhoknowsalotaboutParis.Youlivedthere,didn'tyou?W:Oh,butIwasreallyyoungatthetime.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?W:Excuseme.Couldyoutellmewheretheprincipal'sofficeis?M:Imsorry.Imjunsgtavisfriiteindhere.Q:Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman?M:Ilikeyournewcar,Helen.W:Thanks,butitisntnew.Ivehadmyoldonerepaintedatanearbygarage.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutHelenscar?W:TomflewbackfromajobinterviewinLondonlastnight.Andwewerenotexpectinghimattheparty.M:Butheactuallymadeit!Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Forlanguagestudy,thereisnobettertoolthanadictionary!Ithelpsyouunderstandtheusage,themeaningandthespellingofwords.Englishdictionarieshavebeenaroundsince1604.InAmerica,NoahWebsterpublishedhisdictionaryofAmericanEnglishin1828.Butin1857,agroupofmeninLondonputtogethertheOxfordEnglishDictionary.Itwasreleasedin12volumesbetween1888and1928.In1989asecondeditionwaspublished,andanotherisnowinprogress.Languageisalivingthing.Atsomepoint,eachwordinthedictionarywasinvented.Itwasthenusedoftenenoughtobelistedinadictionary.Thesameistruetoday.EditorsfromtheOxfordEnglishDictionaryandotherdictionariesmonitorprintandelectronicmedia.Theylookfornewwordsthathavebecomecommon.Awordorphrasemustbeuse