英文疾病介紹-Hypertension(高血壓病)-課件

高血壓病高血壓病WhatIsHypertension?Hypertension(HTN)isachronic（[?kr?nik]慢性的）medicalconditioninwhichthebloodpressureinthearteries（[?ɑ:t?riz]動脈

）iselevated([?el??ve?t?d]提高的).WhatIsHypertension?HypertensDiagnosis（[?dai?ɡ?n?usis]診斷

）LeadtoHypertension高血壓systolicbloodpressure≥140diastolicbloodpressure≥90EitherofthemDangerZonesystolic

bloodpressure≤120diastolicbloodpressure≤80BothofthemNormalbloodpressure正常血壓范圍AwarningsignIfyourBPare120/80orhigherbutbelow140/90ItiscalledPre-hypertension高血壓前期Diagnosis（[?dai?ɡ?n?usis]診斷）HypertensionEssentialHypertension原發(fā)性高血壓（高血壓?。?0–95%SecondaryHypertension繼發(fā)性高血壓5–10%①primaryoressentialhypertension:highbloodpressurewithnoobviousunderlying(潛在的,根本的)medicalcause.②SecondaryHypertension:Highbloodpressurethatiscausedbyanothermedicalcondition(醫(yī)療條件)ormedication(藥物).

ClassificationOfHypertensionPrimaryorEssentialHypertensionBenign（bi?nain

）

Hypertension(ChronicHypertension)良性/緩進性高血壓Malignant（[m??liɡn?nt

）Hypertension(AcceleratedHypertension)惡性/急進性高血壓HypertensionEssentialHypertenChronickidneydiseaseHyperparathyroidism([ha?p?p?r?'θa?r??d?z?m])renalarterystenosis([st?'n??s?s])birthcontrolpills,dietpills,coldmedications,Migraine([?ma??gre?n])Medications.PregnancyDisordersoftheadrenalglandSecondaryHypertension腎上腺功能紊亂慢性腎疾病甲狀旁腺功能亢進癥腎動脈狹窄避孕丸、節(jié)食丸、感冒藥、偏頭痛藥孕婦ChronicHyperparathyroidismrenaCausesOfHypertensionGenes（遺傳因素）Diet（膳食因素）SocialAndMentalCondition（社會心理應激因素）Stress（壓力）Anger（憤怒）Frightened（驚嚇）Others（其它因素）Obesity（[???bi:s?ti:]肥胖癥）Smoke（吸煙）OlderAge（老齡）Inactivity（缺乏鍛煉）Race（種族）CausesOfHypertensionGenes（遺傳Whoisatrisk?Anyonecanhavehighbloodpressure.Somepeoplearemorelikelytohavehighbloodpressureincluding:AfricanAmericans(moresensitivetosalt)Peopleoverage55PeoplewithafamilyhistoryofhighbloodpressureWhoisatrisk?AnyonecanhaveWhoisatrisk?Yourchancesofhavinghighbloodpressurearehigherifyou:AreoverweightEatfoodshighinsaltDonotgetregularexerciseSmokeDrinkalcoholheavilyUnderStress,anger,frightenedorsadinalongtimeWhoisatrisk?YourchancesofHypertensionSymptoms

Highbloodpressureissometimescalledasilentkiller(無癥狀殺傷者)becauseitmayhavenooutwardsymptomsforyears(可能沒有外在癥狀長達數(shù)年).

Infact,oneinfivepeoplewiththeconditiondon‘tknowtheyhaveit.Internally([?n?t?:n?l?],在體內(nèi)地),itcanquietlydamagetheheart,lungs,bloodvessels,brain,andkidneysifleftuntreated.It’samajorriskfactorforstrokes(中風/腦卒中)andheartattacks(心臟病).HypertensionSymptoms HighblPathologicalChanges(病變)Leftventricleinhypertensiveheartdisease.左心室壁明顯增厚PathologicalChanges(病變)Leftvhypertensivecerebralhemorrhage（高血壓病腦出血）：Internalcapsule(內(nèi)囊)orBasalganglia([?beis?l][?ɡ??ɡli?],基底神經(jīng)節(jié))insteadofbloodclots(被血凝塊代替).Hypertensiveretinopathy([reti?n?p?θi],視網(wǎng)膜病變)

（高血壓性視網(wǎng)膜病變）hypertensivecerebralhemorrhaComplications(并發(fā)癥)Whenbloodpressureisnotwellcontrolled,youareatriskfor:Bleedingfromtheaorta([e???:t?],主動脈出血),thelargebloodvesselthatsuppliesbloodtotheabdomen([?b?d??m?n]),pelvis([?pelv?s]),andlegs(給腹部、骨盆和腿部供血的大血管)Chronickidneydisease(慢性腎疾病)Heartattackandheartfailure(心臟病和心力衰竭)Poorbloodsupplytothelegs(下肢供血不足)Stroke(中風/腦卒中)Problemswithyourvision(視覺障礙)Complications(并發(fā)癥)WhenbloodpTreatmentTheDASHDiet

--DietaryApproaches(飲食療法)toStopHypertension--involveseatingmorefruits,vegetables,whole-grainfoods(全谷類食物),low-fatdairy(低脂奶),fish,poultry(禽肉),andnuts(堅果).Youshouldeatlessredmeat(紅肉),saturatedfats(飽和脂肪),andsweets(甜食).Exercise

TreatmentTheDASHDiet--DietPreventionAdultsover18shouldhavetheirbloodpressurecheckedregularly.Lifestylechangesmayhelpcontrolyourbloodpressure.Exerciseoften.Eatfoodslowinsalt.Loseweightorkeepweightatahealthylevel.Donotsmoke.Limitalcohol.世界高血壓日5月第二個周末（星期六）PreventionAdultsover18shoul高血壓病高血壓病WhatIsHypertension?Hypertension(HTN)isachronic（[?kr?nik]慢性的）medicalconditioninwhichthebloodpressureinthearteries（[?ɑ:t?riz]動脈

）iselevated([?el??ve?t?d]提高的).WhatIsHypertension?HypertensDiagnosis（[?dai?ɡ?n?usis]診斷

）LeadtoHypertension高血壓systolicbloodpressure≥140diastolicbloodpressure≥90EitherofthemDangerZonesystolic

bloodpressure≤120diastolicbloodpressure≤80BothofthemNormalbloodpressure正常血壓范圍AwarningsignIfyourBPare120/80orhigherbutbelow140/90ItiscalledPre-hypertension高血壓前期Diagnosis（[?dai?ɡ?n?usis]診斷）HypertensionEssentialHypertension原發(fā)性高血壓（高血壓病）90–95%SecondaryHypertension繼發(fā)性高血壓5–10%①primaryoressentialhypertension:highbloodpressurewithnoobviousunderlying(潛在的,根本的)medicalcause.②SecondaryHypertension:Highbloodpressurethatiscausedbyanothermedicalcondition(醫(yī)療條件)ormedication(藥物).

ClassificationOfHypertensionPrimaryorEssentialHypertensionBenign（bi?nain

）

Hypertension(ChronicHypertension)良性/緩進性高血壓Malignant（[m??liɡn?nt

）Hypertension(AcceleratedHypertension)惡性/急進性高血壓HypertensionEssentialHypertenChronickidneydiseaseHyperparathyroidism([ha?p?p?r?'θa?r??d?z?m])renalarterystenosis([st?'n??s?s])birthcontrolpills,dietpills,coldmedications,Migraine([?ma??gre?n])Medications.PregnancyDisordersoftheadrenalglandSecondaryHypertension腎上腺功能紊亂慢性腎疾病甲狀旁腺功能亢進癥腎動脈狹窄避孕丸、節(jié)食丸、感冒藥、偏頭痛藥孕婦ChronicHyperparathyroidismrenaCausesOfHypertensionGenes（遺傳因素）Diet（膳食因素）SocialAndMentalCondition（社會心理應激因素）Stress（壓力）Anger（憤怒）Frightened（驚嚇）Others（其它因素）Obesity（[???bi:s?ti:]肥胖癥）Smoke（吸煙）OlderAge（老齡）Inactivity（缺乏鍛煉）Race（種族）CausesOfHypertensionGenes（遺傳Whoisatrisk?Anyonecanhavehighbloodpressure.Somepeoplearemorelikelytohavehighbloodpressureincluding:AfricanAmericans(moresensitivetosalt)Peopleoverage55PeoplewithafamilyhistoryofhighbloodpressureWhoisatrisk?AnyonecanhaveWhoisatrisk?Yourchancesofhavinghighbloodpressurearehigherifyou:AreoverweightEatfoodshighinsaltDonotgetregularexerciseSmokeDrinkalcoholheavilyUnderStress,anger,frightenedorsadinalongtimeWhoisatrisk?YourchancesofHypertensionSymptoms

Highbloodpressureissometimescalledasilentkiller(無癥狀殺傷者)becauseitmayhavenooutwardsymptomsforyears(可能沒有外在癥狀長達數(shù)年).

Infact,oneinfivepeoplewiththeconditiondon‘tknowtheyhaveit.Internally([?n?t?:n?l?],在體內(nèi)地),itcanquietlydamagetheheart,lungs,bloodvessels,brain,andkidneysifleftuntreated.It’samajorriskfactorforstrokes(中風/腦卒中)andheartattacks(心臟病).HypertensionSymptoms HighblPathologicalChanges(病變)Leftventricleinhypertensiveheartdisease.左心室壁明顯增厚PathologicalChanges(病變)Leftvhypertensivecerebralhemorrhage（高血壓病腦出血）：Internalcapsule(內(nèi)囊)orBasalganglia([?beis?l][?ɡ??ɡli?],基底神經(jīng)節(jié))insteadofbloodclots(被血凝塊代替).Hypertensiveretinopathy([reti?n?p?θi],視網(wǎng)膜病變)

（高血壓性視網(wǎng)膜病變）hypertensivecerebralhemorrhaComplications(并發(fā)癥)Whenbloodpressureisnotwellcontrolled,youareatriskfor:Bleedingfromtheaorta([e???:t?],主動脈出血),thelargebloodvesselthatsuppliesbloodtotheabdomen([?b?d??m?n]),pelvi