Unit 3知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總及習(xí)題八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)

Unit3知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總與習(xí)題Ⅰ.匯總atthetimeof意為“在...的時(shí)候”，后+名詞，常作過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。go相關(guān)詞組①gooff（鬧鐘等）發(fā)出響聲；②goback回去；③goby經(jīng)過(guò)，過(guò)去；④goahead開(kāi)始，進(jìn)行；⑤gothrough瀏覽，翻閱，通過(guò)；⑥gowrong出毛病，有故障；⑦goover檢查，復(fù)習(xí)；pickup接電話，≈answerthephone;picksb.up①（開(kāi)車）接某人；②讓人搭車；③逮捕（某人）......picksth.up①舉起，拿起，提起；②（偶然）得到，學(xué)會(huì)聽(tīng)到......when&while&aswhen意為“當(dāng)...的時(shí)候”，可以表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可以表示一段時(shí)間；主從句動(dòng)作：可同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可先后發(fā)生；從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：可以使延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),主句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。TomwaswatchingTVwhenIcameinhisroom.while表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Theyarrivedwhenwewerehavinglunch.as意為“一邊...一邊...”；表示主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；還說(shuō)明正在發(fā)展或變化的情況，有“隨著”的意思，表示時(shí)間的推移。IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.

lightn.①[u]光,光線,光亮;發(fā)光體,光源,（尤指）電燈;②[c]（具有某種顏色和特性的）光adj.[light-lighter-lightest]充滿亮光的,明亮的;有自然光的;淺色的;淡色的;輕的;輕便的;不太重的;輕柔的,柔和的,太用力的v.點(diǎn)燃;點(diǎn)火;開(kāi)始燃燒；燃起來(lái);照亮；使明亮with+名詞/代詞+adj./adv./介詞短語(yǔ)等againstprep.意為“依；碰；撞”，也意為“反對(duì)，逆著”diedown意為“逐漸變?nèi)酰饾u消失”fallasleep&go/gettosleepfallasleep指入睡，尤指無(wú)意識(shí)或在不適合的場(chǎng)合睡著。go/gettosleep指入睡，指有意識(shí)地去睡覺(jué)asleep&sleepy&sleepingasleep意為“睡著的”，常跟在be動(dòng)詞后座表語(yǔ)Thegirlwasasleep.sleepy意為“瞌睡的，困倦的”，常做表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)Ifeelsleepnow.sleeping意為“睡著的”，常做定語(yǔ)Themanwanttobuyasleepingbag.rise&raiserise不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“上升，升高”，表示人或事物本身由低處移向高處Thesunrisesintheeast.raise及物動(dòng)詞，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)把某物從較低處抬到較高處；也可以用于提高價(jià)格、聲譽(yù)、地位、工資等。Thebossraisedhissalary.[工資]break...apart意為“把...折斷；把...分開(kāi)”apartprep.意為“分開(kāi)，分離”remember&forgetremembertodosth.記得去做某事sth.未做doingsth.記得做過(guò)某事sth.已做forgettodosth.忘記去做某事sth.未做doingsth.忘記做過(guò)某事sth.已做restn.①剩余部分,殘留,其余；②其余的人,其他事物,其他；③休息,休息時(shí)間therestof意為“其余的，剩下的”。做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與therestof所修飾的名詞一致。v.休息，放松insilence&silentlyinsilence意為“沉默，無(wú)聲，靜靜地”，一般修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Hesatinsilence.silently意為“沉默，無(wú)聲，靜靜地”，一般修飾非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Hesatdownsilently.tellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話truthn.[u]意為“實(shí)情，事實(shí)”trueadj.意為“真實(shí)的”not與all，every，always，both以及由every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞連用是，不管not在其前還是在其后，都表示部分否定。Noteverythinggoeswellhere.這兒并非一切都好。Ⅱ.unit3語(yǔ)法——過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)ⅰ.定義——主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；表示過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：IwashavingatalkwithLiHuaatthattime.那時(shí)，我正在跟李華談話。IwaswatchingTVathomelastnight.昨晚我一直在看電視。ⅱ.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)——（was/were+V.-ing，即be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+動(dòng)詞ing）1.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+doing(V.ing)+其他.E.g.I/He/She?was?watching?TV?at?eight?last?night.Theywere?having?breakfast?at?seven?this?morning.2.否定句：主語(yǔ)+was/werenot+doing(V.ing)+其他.E.g.I/He/She?wasnot(wasn’t)?watching?TV?at?eight?last?night.Theywerenot(weren’t)?having?breakfast?at?seven?this?morning.3.一般疑問(wèn)句：Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+doing(V.ing)+其他.E.g.WasI/He/She?watching?TV?at?eight?last?night.肯定回答：Yes,I/she/hewas.否定回答：No,I/she/hewas(wasn’t).Werethey?having?breakfast?at?seven?this?morning.肯定回答：Yes,theywere.否定回答：No,theywerenot(weren’t).4.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+doing(V.ing)+其他？E.g.Whatwashe/she/itdoing?at?eight?last?night.Whatwereyou/theydoing?at?eight?last?night.ⅲ.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法1.表示在過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間或某一段時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。E.g.Iwashavingabathwhenthephonerang.我正在洗澡，突然電話鈴響了。2.表示在過(guò)去短期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的情況，這種情況通常不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期如此。E.g.IthappenedwhileIwaslivinginEastboumelastyear.這件事發(fā)生于去年我住在伊斯特本的時(shí)候。3.表示為過(guò)去的將來(lái)安排好的活動(dòng)和事件。這類用法在沒(méi)有明確上下文的情況下，通常會(huì)連用一個(gè)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。E.g.HesaidthathissisterwasgettingmarriednextDecember.他說(shuō)他妹妹12月結(jié)婚。用arrive,come,go,leave等動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描寫行程安排，也通常有含有將來(lái)意義。e.g.FourofthemwerecomingforSundaylunch.他們有四個(gè)人將在星期天來(lái)吃午飯。ⅳ.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.at+具體時(shí)刻+過(guò)去時(shí)間（e.g.atfiveclockyesterday）E.g.HewaswatchingTVat9:00pmyesterday.2.atthistime+過(guò)去時(shí)間（e.g.atthistimeyesterday）E.g.HewaswatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.3.過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間段（e.g.fromninetotenlastnight）E.g.HewaswatchingTVfromninetotenyesterday.4.atthattime/moment（e.g.atthattime/momentlastnight）E.g.HewaswatchingTVatthattime/momentyesterday.5.when&while引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句E.g.HewaswatchingTVwhen/whilehismotherwentdownstairsyesterday.昨天當(dāng)他媽媽下樓的時(shí)候，他正在看電視。ⅴ.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作；e.g.Ireadabookyesterday.我昨天讀完了一本書(shū)。（已讀完）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：未完成的動(dòng)作：e.g.Iwasreadingabookyesterday.我昨天正在讀一本書(shū)。（未讀完）2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：通常只說(shuō)明過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生某事；過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：側(cè)重在動(dòng)作的持續(xù)時(shí)間，而不僅僅時(shí)說(shuō)明事實(shí)：e.g.Itrained/wasrainingallnight.該例句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)都可以，意義無(wú)差別，只是用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)更加突出下雨時(shí)間持續(xù)之久。3.當(dāng)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)同事出現(xiàn)在句中時(shí)，通常是表示較短的動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。e.g.IbrokeaglasswhileIwascookingthedinner.4.注意一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間順序：e.g.①Whenwearrived,shewasmakingsomecoffee.②Whenwearrived,shemadesomecoffee.句①表示，我們到達(dá)時(shí)，她正在煮咖啡；句②表示，我們到達(dá)以后，她才煮咖啡。

Unit3練習(xí)Ⅰ.SectionA習(xí)題ⅰ.根據(jù)首字母和句意完成單詞1.Acaraccident(發(fā)生)toKenlastnight.2.WhileJimwasridingquickly,(突然)abikecamefromthecornerofthestreet.3.Thenews(報(bào)道)thatthefirewasputoutthismorning.4.There’snothing(奇怪的)inthearea.EverythingisOK.5.Istood(倚，靠)thewall.6.Thegirltookataxihomebecauseitrainedh.7.Thecarwasinbadshapefromhatree.8.ThelintheroomwassodarkthatIcouldn’tseeclearly.9.Althoughmyfriendgotupearly,hestillmthebus.10.Ididn’tknowtheanswertothequestion,andmycousindidn’tknowit,e.ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thestrongwind(blow)whenatalltreefelldown.2.TheSmiths(have)dinneratthetimeofthestorm.3.Ididn’tseeacar(come)justnow.4.Whilehe(pick)upthephone,hisfather(look)throughtheInternetlastnight.5.Onthegroundarelotsof(fall)leaves.6.Howcanwehelpeachotherintimesof(difficult)?7.It(rain)(heavy)atsixyesterday.8.Rubbishand(break)windowswereeverywhere.

ⅲ.翻譯短語(yǔ)1.發(fā)出響聲2.接電話3.進(jìn)人夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，睡著4.逐漸變?nèi)酰饾u消失5.洗熱水澡6.立刻，馬上7.確定，確信8.使……緊密9.一片混亂，亂糟糟10.使……分裂，破壞ⅳ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子1.--“當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)的時(shí)候，你在做什么?”--Whatyouwhentherainstormcame?--“我在看電視節(jié)目。”--ItheTVshow.2.Ben正在幫他母親做飯，這時(shí)雨開(kāi)始猛烈地敲打窗戶。Benwashelpinghismothermakedinnerwhentherainstartedtothewindow.3.當(dāng)大約早上3點(diǎn)風(fēng)慢慢減弱的時(shí)候，他終于睡著了。Hefinallywhenthewindwasat3:00a.m.

4.他們出去，發(fā)現(xiàn)四周一片狼藉。Theywentoutandfoundtheneighborhood.5.他們與鄰居們一起打掃小區(qū)。Theyjoinedtheneighborstohelptheneighborhoodtogether.6.雖然暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了很多東西，但它拉近了鄰里間的距離。Althoughthestormmanythings,itbroughtneighbors.ⅴ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Johnwastakingphotoswhenitsnowedyesterday.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）Johnwhenitsnowedyesterday?2.Theyhadbreakfastathomeyesterday.（用at8o’clockthismorning轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)態(tài)）They.3.Theroadwasicybecauseitsnowedhardfromthenightbefore.（改為同義句）Theroadwasicyfromthenightbefore.4.WhenGinaleftthehouse,herfatherwassleeping.（用while改為同義句）Ginaleftthehousehisfather.5.Therewasnolightoutside.Itfeltlikemidnight.（改為同義句）Itfeltlikemidnight.

Ⅱ.SectionB習(xí)題ⅰ.根據(jù)首字母和句意完成單詞1.TheP.E.teacherwaswatchinghis(學(xué)生)playingontheplayground.2.WhenIgottoschool,I(意識(shí)到)Ihadleftmyhomeworkathome.3.(最近),Ihaveimprovedmygradesalot.4.Thewholecitywas(完全地)coveredwithsnow.5.Peopleenjoythebsunshineonthebeachinsummer.6.Hedidn’ttellthet,sowecouldn’ttrusthim.7.Theboyhadtworkingouttheproblemswithoutothers’help.8.Hemadehiswtothehospitalatoncewhenheheardhisfriendwashurt.9.L,nobodywashurtintheaccident.10.ThiswasanimportanteinAmericanhistory.ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Itwas(happy)dayofmylife.2.Myheartbeatso(quick).IthoughtIwouldstop(breathe).3.Iwaitedforthem(call)outthewinner.4.WhileI(play)thepiano,everyonesatstillandlistened.5.Ihadtrouble(think)clearlyafterthatbecauseIwasafraid.6.WhenIwaitedforthebus,Isawagirl(come)bywithsomeflowers.7.Pleasetelluswhat(happen)lastnight.8.Itwashardforthechildren(clean)upthedirtyneighborhood.9.Onthatday,Dr.MartinLutherKing(kill).10.Wewere(surprise)toseeherplaythepianosowell.

ⅲ.翻譯短語(yǔ)1.在路邊2.沉默，無(wú)聲3.前往某處4.拆毀，破壞，毀壞5.對(duì)……有意義6.說(shuō)實(shí)話7.想清楚8.做某事有困難9.也，還10.起初，首先ⅳ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子1.她等著有人路過(guò)。Shesomeoneto.2.Robert和他的朋友靜靜地走回家。Robertandhisfriendswalkedhome.3.在那之后我那么害怕以至于幾乎想不清楚了。IwasscaredIcouldhardlyafterthat.4.Kate認(rèn)為關(guān)于這件事她的朋友沒(méi)有和她說(shuō)實(shí)情。Katedidn’tthinkherfriendwasabouttheevent.5.當(dāng)?；@球賽開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，她仍然在趕往學(xué)校的路上。Whentheschoolbasketballcompetitionstarted,shewasstilltoschool.6.當(dāng)鈴響的時(shí)候，我們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上正玩得開(kāi)心。Weontheplaygroundwhenthebellrang.7.他們?nèi)匀挥浀卯?dāng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息的時(shí)候他們?cè)谧鍪裁础heystillrememberwhatwhentheyheardthenews.8.我的老師每周兩次來(lái)聽(tīng)我彈鋼琴。Myteachercametwiceaweektomethepiano.ⅴ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Sheamoviewhenaplanehitthetower.A.waswatchingB.iswatchingC.watchedD.watches2.Writeabouttheeventhappened.A.whenandwhatB.whenandwhereC.whereandwhatplaceD.whereandwhat3.Katesawadogthesideoftheroad.A.atB.inC.toD.by4.The