自然拼讀法的基本規(guī)則全面總結(jié)

自然拼讀法的根本規(guī)章(全面總結(jié)〕48個(gè)國(guó)際音標(biāo)長(zhǎng)元音/ɑ://.://.://i://u:/短元音/.//.//.//.//.//e/ /. //e.//a.//..//..//e.//../ /../ /a./輕輔音/p//t//k//f//θ/ /s/濁輔音/b//d//g//v//e//z/輕輔音/.//h//ts//t.//tr/濁輔音/.//r//dz//d.//dr//m//n//.//j//.//w/48個(gè)英語音標(biāo)如同60是相當(dāng)大的；語音學(xué)問:字母：語言的書寫形式；元音字母只有 a,e,i(y),o,u音素：音的最小的單位；英語中有48個(gè)音素，即20個(gè)元音音素和28個(gè)輔音音素.語中有20個(gè)元音；要音；英語中有28輔音；音節(jié)：由元音音素和輔音音素構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位；含有一個(gè)元音音素的聲音片段就是一個(gè)音節(jié)；例如：

hi,mom ，first 單音節(jié)詞，stu”dent ，tea”cher ，un”der”stand

多音節(jié)詞；音節(jié)的劃分對(duì)于單詞的讀音至關(guān)重要，我們所要學(xué)習(xí)的自然拼讀發(fā)音規(guī)律，其實(shí)都是針對(duì)單音節(jié)單詞的， 對(duì)于多音節(jié)單詞，我們要先把單詞劃分成為一個(gè)一個(gè)的音節(jié)，然后在對(duì)每個(gè)音節(jié)應(yīng)用自然平度發(fā)音規(guī)律；開音節(jié)：①輔音+元音輔音+enamebikehomedue;+he，go，hi；閉音節(jié)：①輔音+元音+bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;②元音+輔音it；重讀音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~中發(fā)音特別嘹亮的音節(jié)；字母或字母組合與音素之間的對(duì)應(yīng)規(guī)章大揭秘〔1〕b[b],p[p],m[m],f[f],d[d],t[t],n[n],l[l],g[g],k[k],h[h],r[r],v[v],w[w],z[z],dr[dr]dress ,tr [tr]tree,ts[ts]cats②音形不一樣的字母 ：c [k] [s] call,city，g[g] [d.]get,geography , j[d.

]jacket,enjoy, x [ks] [gz]box,exam, y [j]yellow, s [s] [z]some,always③最常見的輔音字母組合的拼讀 ：sh [. ] shoe,finish, ch [t.]chair,teacherth[ θ][e] think,brother, ph[f]photo, ck[k]black , kn[n]know,knife,ng[.]long,

qu[ kw]question,queen,

tch [t.]watch,catch,

wh [w][h]what,who,wr[r]write,wrong,ds[dz]bedsbl-[bl]blue,br-[br]bread,gl-[gl]glass,gr-[gr]great,kl-[kl-]clean,kr-[kr]cross,fl-,fr-,pl-,pr-,sk-,sl-,sm-,sn-,sp-,st-,str-,sw-⑤常見輔音詞尾：-ple[-pl]apple ,-ble[-bl]table , -tle/ttle[-tl]little,-dle/ddle [-dl]middle,-cle[-kl]uncle,[-zn]lesson,season

-ften[-fn]often,

-son/sson[-sn]-ven[-vn]seven⑥另外，單詞中有些時(shí)候輔音字母會(huì)不發(fā)音 ；bt,m后，不發(fā)音doubt,climb,tombgn前不發(fā)音sign,design,resignh在詞首不發(fā)音hour,honorl在f,k,m前一般不發(fā)音calf,talk,clam, 在could 里也沒有發(fā)音⑦另仍需特說明一下輔音字母y的發(fā)音：y在詞首時(shí)，通常發(fā)輔音[j]yesyellowy通常發(fā)元音音素/a./my,sky,cryy在一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)一些的單詞詞尾時(shí)，這個(gè)單詞里面沒有其他元音時(shí)，元音音素/i:/baby,city,hurry,cherry〔2.〕元音字母的讀音：

y通常發(fā)①開音節(jié)的拼讀：A發(fā)字母本身音[ei]age,ate,name,cake,lake,take, late,came,bate,date,face,gate,hate,,race,same,tame,wake,gave,famous,lady,bake等；E發(fā)字母本身音[i:]be,these,me,he,she,we,等；I發(fā)字母本身音[ai]I,bike,China,like,fine,five,kite,nice,wide,Friday,ride,white,write,Chinese,ice,line,mine,life,idea,nine, 等；O發(fā)字母本身音[..]ago,radio,go,photo,rode,old,told,hold,cold,home,those,kilo,so,homework,phone,also,no,note,robot,nose,hope,joke,close,stone,clothes,broken 等；U發(fā)字母本身音[ju:]cute,bute,mute,fume,men,pupil,argue,use, 等；②閉音節(jié)的拼讀：A發(fā)[. ]口型要打大at,bad,band,apple ，fat,has,am,and,cat,cap,bag,had,grand,carry,back,ran,badly,angry,sad,flat,map,mat,van,man,swam,catch,hand,fantastic,thank,black,panda,that,happy,activity,drank,dragon,taxi, 等；E發(fā)[e] when,met,them,smell,tell,ball,clever,every,help,better,west,then,yes,fell,desk,red,yellow,pencil,bed,bedroom,dress,festival,get,telephone,egg,went,leg,twenty,next,let,men 等I發(fā)[i] lift,big, dinner, fish, listen, it,is,six,this, in,sister,his,him, little, river,picnic, think, city,with, finish, sit,chick, skip, miss,nothing,pink,picture, visit,swim,ticket 等O發(fā)[.]

drop,shop,box,bottle,coffee,lost,cross,long,pop,stop,dog,not,body,box,clock,computer,doll,got,hot,pocket,office,point,lots,doctorU發(fā)[.] us,study, funny, but, bus, sun, Sunday, summer, hurry, mum,under,understand,cut,duck,truck, lucky,fun,gun 等③字母組合的讀音也是有規(guī)律可循的；如;ea,ee字母組合的發(fā)[i:]音：tea,clean,team,eat,east,speak,please,each,easy,read,sea,teacher ，need,cheese,wheel,feel,agree,green,week,thirteen, three, deep, peep, weep, sleep, jeep, see, feet, street, teeth,meet,week局部ea字母組合發(fā)[e]：bread,heavy,breakfast,weather,head,headache,ready,deaf,oa字母組合的發(fā)road,boat,coat,loafir,ur[

.:]girl,bird,thirsty,third,first,birthday,circle,sir,shirt,skirt,dirty,skirt,turn,turtle,purplear組合字母發(fā)[ɑ:]音{

as,ss前也發(fā)[a:]}：hard,card,park,art,car,are,dark,arm,farmer,market,party,large,star,argue ，farclass,vase,glass,pass,last,past,task,,mast,vast,cast,fast 等ow[..]音：window,yellow,show,slow,sow,tow,bow,mow,等ou, ow 字母組合有時(shí)發(fā)[au]音mouth, about,, house, housework,how,now,town, 等；

south,oo字母組合有時(shí)發(fā)發(fā)[u]hood,wool,羊毛look,good,foot,room,football,took,cookwood,book,goodbye,oo 字母組合有時(shí)發(fā)[ u: ]food, moon, tool, pool, zoo, too, school, cool,toothear字母組合有時(shí)發(fā)音：tear，dear，fear，gear，hear，near，shear，rear，ear字母組合有時(shí)和air一樣發(fā)[e.]：bear,tear,wear,pear,oy，oi 字母組合發(fā)[ ..]音:boy, toy,coy 大方的,foy 辭別宴會(huì),soy 醬油voice,noise,pointight 字母組合發(fā)[ai]音：right,light,night,fight,might,tightay字母組合發(fā)[ei]音:stay,say,day,hay 干草,lay設(shè)置-tion,-sion 字母組合發(fā)[.n]音nation,sation, [.n]音decisionough,augh 字母組合發(fā)/./音，bought(buy 過去式〕,caught〔catch 過去式〕ew字母組合發(fā)[u:]音:blew(blow 過去式〕,drew〔draw 過去式〕,new,grew〔grow 過去式〕④在單詞的非重讀音節(jié)中，元音字母a,e,i,o,u，schwa(弱讀即我們常常聽到的/./ 例如，salad,happen,pencil,ribbon 等，常見的單詞前綴和后綴①前綴dis－加在名詞，形容詞，動(dòng)詞之前 ,表示否認(rèn)；disadvantage 〔缺點(diǎn)〕dishonorable 〔不榮耀的〕disagree 〔不同意〕dislikein-加在形容詞，名詞之前 ,表示否認(rèn)incorrect 〔不正確的〕，inability 〔無能，無力〕，inaccurate 〔不準(zhǔn)確 的〕im-加在字母m,b,p 之前,表示否認(rèn)impossible 〔不行能的〕，impolite 〔不禮貌的〕，impudence 〔厚顏無恥〕il-加在以l開頭的詞前,表示否認(rèn)illegal 〔非法的〕，illiterate 〔文盲的，無文化的〕 illogical 〔不合規(guī)律的〕un-加在名詞，形容詞，副詞之前表示否認(rèn)或者相反：unhappy ，unsafe,unfair,unluckynon-加在形容詞，名詞前表示否認(rèn)non-existence 〔不存在〕，non-essential 〔不主要的〕，non-electrical 〔非電的〕mis－加在動(dòng)詞，名詞之前不好地，錯(cuò)誤地misunderstand 〔誤會(huì)〕，misjudge 〔誤判〕，misleading 〔誤導(dǎo)〕，misfortune 〔不幸〕mid 表示中間：midnight ，midday,midweek,midlandover 表示太.....或過多......:overweight ，overcook ，overeatunder 表示過少或者在......之下：underground ，underwater ，undersea②后綴er〔or〕意為：從事某種職業(yè)或參與某種活動(dòng)的人driver，teacher，director ，actor，professor ，singer-ess 意為：女性例詞：actress，poetess ，hostess，paintress-hood 意為：時(shí)期例詞：boyhood ，childhood ，manhood-ship 意為：才能，狀態(tài)，資格，品質(zhì)等例詞： leadership ，friendship ，membership ，-ful 意