SCI論文摘要寫作

AbstractIhavethestrongimpressionthatcommunicationisisbeingseriouslyhinderedbypoorqualityabstractswritteninjargon-riddenmumbo-jumbo(莫名其妙，晦澀難懂的話).ImportanceofabstractAnabstractshouldbeviewedasaminiatureversionofthepaper.It’sabriefsummaryofeachthemainsections:introduction,materialsandmethods,results,anddiscussion（IMRD）.Length:notexceedthelengthspecifiedbythejournal,commonly250words,andinasingleparagraph.

Contents:Theabstractshould:statetheprincipalobjectivesandscope(范圍)oftheinvestigation;describethemethodsemployed;3.summarizetheresults;statetheprincipalconclusion

*Theimportanceoftheconclusionsisindicatedbythefactthattheyareoftengiventhreetimes:intheabstrcat,introductionandinthediscussion.

Tense:present/pastLanguage:beingclear,simple,significant,economicalandscientifical.Don’tincludeInformationnotstatedinthepaper;Referencestotheliterature;Tablesandfigures.TypesofAbstract:InformativeIndicative

InformativePurposetocondensethepaperContenttobrieflystatetheproblem,themethodusedtostudytheproblem,theprincipaldataandconclusion.FunctionservedasHeadingthatprecedesthebodyofthepaperinmostjounals.Example1.InformativeTheImpactofAveragingPeriodonEddyFluxesObservedatChinaFLUXSites

Inthispaper,(methods)the‘ensembleblock’timeaverageprocedureandtheOgivefunctionareappliedtothreeChianFLUXsites(objective)todeterminethelow-frequencycontributiontoeddyfluxes.(results)Itisfoundthatbothmethodsgivesimilarresults.(results)Theyshowthat30minflux-averagingperiodaresufficienttocaptureallfluxscalesoverawheatfield,but60minorlongerisnecessaryoverforests.(results)Ourresultsshowthattheoptimalaveragingperiodisasite-specificparameter.(conclusion)Accordingtothisanalysis,forsomeChinaFLUXsitesatleast,anaveragingperiodthatcapturesthelow-frequencytransportmayimprovetheenergybalanceproblem.2.Indicative(alsodescriptive)Purpose:toindicatethesubjectsdealtwithinthepaper,muchlikeatableofcontents,makingiteasyforpotentialreaderstodecidewhethertoreadthepaper.Functions:NotusedasHeading,appearedinreviewpapers,conferencereports,thegovernmentreportliterature,etc.;Ofgreatvaluetoreferencelibrians.2.indicativeOptimalTimingControlofSwitchedLinearSystemsBasedonPartialInformation(areaofstudy)Optimalswitch-timecontrolisanareathatinvestigateshowbesttoswitchbetweendifferentcontrolmodes.(contents)Inthispaperwepresentanalgorithmforsolvingtheoptimalswitch-timecontrolproblemforsingle-switch,linearsystemswherethestateofthesystemisonlypartiallyknownthroughtheoutputs.Amethodispresentedthatbothguaranteesthatthecurrentswitchtimeremainsoptimalasthestateestimatesevolve,andthatensuresthisinacomputationallyfeasiblemanner,thusrenderingthemethodapplicabletomoreoverconsideredwhereconstraintsontheswitchtimeprovidetheobserverwithsufficienttimetosettle.Theviabilityoftheproposedmethodisillustratedthroughanumberofexamples.Lastbutnottheleast:Agoodabstractisfollowedbyagoodpaper;apoorabstractisresultsofwoestocome.UsefulexpressionsandsentencepatternsSubjectandscope1）Thispaperismainlydevotedtoanautomaticfrequencytuningsystemwhichisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthebuncher.本文主要研究頻率自動(dòng)調(diào)諧系統(tǒng)，這是聚束器最重要的組成部分之一。2）Thisstudyinvestigates/discusses/examines/reviews/outlines/presents/reports/surveys/mearsuresthefittingofaclassofgeneralizedproportionalhazardsmodels,termedlineartransformationmodels,tointerval-censoreddata.本研究調(diào)查（探討、審查、復(fù)查、簡(jiǎn)述、呈現(xiàn)、報(bào)道、觀察、測(cè)量）了一種廣義比例風(fēng)險(xiǎn)模型，線性變換模型和區(qū)間截?cái)鄶?shù)據(jù)的關(guān)系。3）Inthispaperwefocusontheclassificationofcolourtextureimages.本文中我們著眼于彩色紋理圖像的分類。4）Thispaperdealswiththehistoryoftheuseofhydrogenasacombustibleorshieldinggasinwelding.本文研究焊接中使用的氫氣作為易燃保護(hù)氣體的歷史。5）Inthispaper，mathematicalmodelsforcalculationandpredictionofmeltingrateinarcweldingwithatriple-wireelectrodearedescribed.本文描述了計(jì)算和預(yù)測(cè)三絲電極弧焊接融化率的數(shù)學(xué)模型。6）Thisreportisastudyofthepotentialneteconomicimpactsthatcouldaccruetothestate.本報(bào)道是有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)國(guó)家潛在影響的研究。7）Thispaperintroducesathree-dimensionalmodel，forfluidflowandheattransferintheinterfacialregionbetweentheTIGarcplasmaandweldpool.本文介紹了一種研究TIG電子弧離子區(qū)和熔池的界面區(qū)流體流動(dòng)和熱傳遞的三維模型Objectives1.Thisstudywasconducted/intendedtodeterminewhetherthegrowingseasonwaterbalancecouldbemanipulatesthroughplantinggeometry.本研究的目的是測(cè)試生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)水分平衡是否能通過種植的幾何形狀加以控制。2.Thepurpose/mainobjectiveofthispaper/studyistoexplorer/surveythesourcesofinformationusedinmakingdecisionsaboutwhetherandwhattypeoflong-termcareinsurancetopurchase.本文（本研究）的主要目的在與探究（調(diào)查）影響是否購(gòu)買以及購(gòu)買何種長(zhǎng)期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的決策信息來源。3.Thisstudyattempttodevelopamodelofonlinebuyingintentionandtestthemodelempirically.本研究力圖創(chuàng)建一種在線購(gòu)買意圖模型，并對(duì)該模型進(jìn)行測(cè)試。4.Inthispaperweaimtoexplorersomeofthedemocraticimplicationsofinstitutionsofinteractivegovernance.本論文中，我們將探究交戶式治理制度的一些民主含意。5.Theobjectiveoftherobotteamisto,oncedeployedinanenvironment（floor-plan）withmultiplerooms,coverasmanyroomsaspossible.設(shè)立機(jī)器人小組的目的是，一旦在一個(gè)多房間的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行設(shè)置，很快就能覆蓋盡可能多的房間。Methods

1)Thesimulationsystemisutilizedtoperformexperimentswithvariouscontrolstrategiesfortherobotteamorganizations,evaluatingthecomparativeperformanceofthestrategiesandorganizations.模擬系統(tǒng)在各種控制策略下對(duì)機(jī)器人小組和小組的組織方式進(jìn)行測(cè)試、測(cè)評(píng)和比較各種策略以及組織方式的性能。2）Threerelevantapproachestogreyscaletextureanalysis,namelylocallineartransforms,Gaborfilteringandtheco-occurrenceapproachareextendedtocolourimages.

三種相關(guān)的灰階紋理分析方法，即線性變換、Gabor濾波器和共現(xiàn)法都被運(yùn)用到色彩圖像分析中。3)Furthermore,weintroduceanewevolutionaryapproachtomulti-criteriaoptimization,thestrengthParetoEA(SPEA)thatcombinesseveralfeaturesofpreviousmultiobjective

EAsinuniquemanner.

除此之外，我們介紹一種多準(zhǔn)則優(yōu)化演化方案，APEA演算法，它把先前的多目標(biāo)演算法的一些特點(diǎn)綜合起來形成了獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)。4)ThetechniqueappliedinthispaperisreferredtoasEuler’smethod.本文中采用的方法稱為Euler法。5)Localpartiallikelihoodtechniquewasproposedtoestimatenonlinearinteractions.局部偏似然法被用來估測(cè)非線性交互作用。6)Thisarticleprovidesanexploratorymethodologyto

operationalizethisconcept,whichwillalsobeinitiallytestedempiricially,usingexpertjudgmentsaswellaselectorate’sperceptions.本文提出了一種探索性的研究方法來研究這個(gè)概念。首先也將用專家的判斷和相關(guān)人士的見解進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。ResultsItwasfoundthattheheataffectzoneofjointwasonlyobservedinTIGwelding,andthesizeofgrainsinitwasevidentlycoarse.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，節(jié)點(diǎn)在熱影響區(qū)只出現(xiàn)在TIG焊接中，而且其中的顆粒明顯很粗糙。Fourtypesofsingularmodelswereidentified,includingthemodelswherethenoiseamplitudeisindependentofthestimulusintensity.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了四種單一模型，其中包括有些模型，他們的噪聲振幅與刺激強(qiáng)度無關(guān)。Akeyfindingwasthatrobotsneedtobecapableofsocialinteraction,oratleastawareofthesocialcontext,whenevertheyoperatearoundpeople.

一個(gè)只要發(fā)現(xiàn)是，只要機(jī)器人在人