2023年采礦面試專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯

采礦工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯手冊(cè)(GlｏssaryｏfＳｐecｉalEｎgliｓhinMｉnｉｎgＥｎgineｅriｎｇ)——《采礦學(xué)》雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)專用采礦工程專業(yè)內(nèi)部講義九月Ｃontent目錄miｎen．礦山,礦井。v．采礦colｌiｅｒyn．礦井coalminｉｎg采煤undergroundmining地下開采suｒｆaｃeminｉng露天開采resｅrvｅn.儲(chǔ)量coａｌ－bearingadj.含煤的hｉgｈprｏｄｕctiｏｎaｎｄhigheｆfiｃiｅｎcｙ高產(chǎn)高效developmentn．開拓prepaｒationｎ．準(zhǔn)備ｍｉｎｉngmeｔhod采煤方法subsidev．下沉，沉陷sｕbｓｉdeｎｃen.沉降，沉陷ｍｉnｉngsubsidｅnｃen.開采沉陷mechaｎizｅv.使…機(jī)械化mｅcｈanizatioｎn.機(jī)械化cｏalfiｅldn．煤田miningareaｎ．礦區(qū)ｍｉｎeｆieldn．井田dｉｖiｄev.劃分divisｉonn.劃分mｉneｐrｏdｕctiｏncａｐacity(MＰC）礦井生產(chǎn)能力miｎeservicelife礦井服務(wù)年限prodｕｃtionscａlｅoｆmine井型smallmine小型礦井middｌemｉne中型礦井lａrｇemine大型礦井ｈugｅmine特大型礦井ｓtrｉｋｅn.走向dipｎ.傾向dipaｎｇle傾角worｋablｅadｊ．可采的ｗｏrｋａｂleｒeｓeｒｖｅn.可采儲(chǔ)量ｏpeｎingｎ．通道，開口mineopeningn.礦山井巷pasｓaｇeｗａｙn.通道sｈaｆtｎ.立井roadｗａyn.巷道chａｍbeｒｎ．硐室mainshａft主立井a(chǎn)ｕxiｌiarｙshaｆt副立井ａirｓｈafｔ風(fēng)井ｂlindshafｔ暗立井drawnｓhａfｔ溜井ｃhutｅn.溜煤眼aｄitn.平硐driｆtｎ.平硐crosscutn．聯(lián)絡(luò)巷;石門coalcrｏsscuｔ煤門ｅntryn.平巷haulａgｅn.運(yùn)送ｍaｉnhaulaｇeroaｄｗaｙ重要運(yùn)送平巷maｉnｒeturn-aｉrroａdway重要回風(fēng)平巷headentry區(qū)段運(yùn)送平巷ｔaｉｌentry區(qū)段回風(fēng)平巷slopｅn.斜井rｉsｅn.上山ｄｉpn.下山rocｋｒise巖石上山ｃｏａlrise煤層上山coalhaulagerｉse運(yùn)煤上山matｅriaｌtranｓporｔingrise運(yùn)料上山ｒeｔｕｒn-aiｒrｉsｅ回風(fēng)上山ｍeｎ-walkinｇrise行人上山ｉnｃｌinｅdroadwayofasｔrip分帶斜巷ｉnclinedcoalｈaulagerｏadwayofasｔriｐ分帶運(yùn)煤斜巷incliｎedmateｒiａlｈauｌａgeroadｗaｙofastrip分帶運(yùn)料斜巷develｏpmentroaｄwaｙ開拓巷道preparatｉonroadway準(zhǔn)備巷道gaｔｅway回采巷道pitboｔtom井底車場(chǎng)shａｆtbｏttom井底車場(chǎng)sｔａｔｉonn．車場(chǎng)，車站ｍinｉｎgｄistｒiｃtstatｉon采區(qū)車場(chǎng)ｈｏrizonn.階段leveln．水平ｈaulageｌevｅｌ運(yùn)送水平retｕrｎ-aiｒlｅveｌ回風(fēng)水平ｍiningｌｅvｅl開采水平interｖａlｂetweeｎleveｌs階段垂高minｉngｄisｔricｔ采區(qū)ｐaｎeln.盤區(qū)ｓuｂlevｅln.分段ｓtripｄiｓtｒiｃtn．帶區(qū)iｎcｌiｎedｌeｎgth斜長(zhǎng)striｋelenｇｔh走向長(zhǎng)度districtsuｂlevel區(qū)段Open-offcuｔn.切眼coalfａcｅn.采煤面ｗorｋingfacｅ工作面pｒoductioｎn.生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量productionsｙstem生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)ｃoalhaulageｓystem運(yùn)煤系統(tǒng)veｎtilatｉoｎn.通風(fēng)vｅntｉlaｔioｎsysｔeｍ通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)ｆｒesｈaiｒ新鮮風(fēng)diｒtyaｉr乏風(fēng),污風(fēng)ｒefusen.矸石ｍaterialanｄrefusetｒａnsportationｓystｅm運(yùn)料排矸系統(tǒng)ｄｒaｉｎv．排水ｄraｉnａgesysｔｅm排水系統(tǒng)powｅｒsuｐpｌysyｓtem(elecｔrｉcpower,compreｓsedaｉr)動(dòng)力供應(yīng)(電、壓風(fēng))comｍunicａｔionandmonｉtoriｎｇsyｓtem通訊、監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)driveｖ.掘進(jìn)ｅxｃavateｖ.開挖，開掘hoｉstv．提高ｗinｃhｎ.絞車sｔope采場(chǎng)miniｎgｗoｒｋs/ｕnits回采工作ｂaｓicｏperａt(yī)iｏｎ基本工序breakｖ.破碎ｌoadv.裝載haulv．運(yùn)送auxiliaryoperationｓ輔助工序ｒooｆｓupport頂板支護(hù)gobｔｒeａt(yī)mｅｎｔ采空區(qū)解決auxiliａrytranspｏrｔation輔助運(yùn)送vｅntilatiｏn通風(fēng)dｒainage排水powersuppｌy供電,ｅmulｓionsuｐｐly供液(乳化液)等。winninｇ/mｉｎiｎｇtecｈｎiquｅ采煤工藝miningsysteｍ采煤系統(tǒng)ｍinｉｎｇroadｗａｙｌaｙouｔ回采巷道布置cｌasｓifｙv.分類drｙmiｎing旱采walｌｍiningｓyｓｔeｍ壁式開采full-seaｍminｉng整層ｓiｎglｅlonｇwallmininｇmethｏd單一長(zhǎng)壁采煤法lｏngwallmｉnｉｎgonstrike走向長(zhǎng)壁開采lonｇwａｌlminｉｎgoｎincｌｉnｅii傾向長(zhǎng)壁開采ｓuｂleveｌcaving放頂煤ｓhield掩護(hù)支架slicingmeｔhｏd分層inclinedsｌicing傾斜分層horｉｚontaｌｓliciｎｇ水平分層obliｑuｅslｉｃｉng斜切分層toｐ-sｌicingsystemofsublｅveｌcavｉｎg水平分段放頂煤pｉllａｒminｉngsysｔem柱式開采roｏｍａnｄpilｌarminingmethｏd房柱式roomｍetｈod房式hydrａulｉcmiｎing水采ｕnｄergｒouｎdliquefacｔion地下液化和氣化undｅrgrｏundgasｉfｉcaｔiｏn地下液化和氣化roofcａｖinｇ垮落法(自然垮落、強(qiáng)制放頂)ｐａckｉng充填法pilｌaｒsupｐort刀柱式neａｒlyhｏrizontalcoalseａm近水平煤層gentlyiｎcｌinｅdcｏalseam緩斜煤層iｎclinｅｄcoalseａｍ傾斜煤層steeｐlｙincliｎed～急傾斜厚煤層:tｈincｏalseam薄煤層miｄdｌeｔhickcoalseam中厚煤層thicｋｃｏalseam厚煤層sｔeeplyiｎcｌineｄcoaｌseaｍwiｔhanhugethｉckness急傾斜特厚煤層blａstｉngｍiｎinｇtｅｃｈｎology炮采conveｎtｉonallymｅchaｎiｚeｄminingtecｈnology普通機(jī)械化采煤工藝fuｌlymeｃhａnizeｄmｉningtｅchnology綜合機(jī)械化采煤工藝fulｌymｅchanizedmininｇwｉthtｏpcoalcavinｇｔeｃhnｏlｏgｙ綜采放頂煤工藝conｔinｕｏｕｓminer連續(xù)采煤機(jī)shｕｔtｌｅｃarn.梭車univeｒsalexｔｅｎｓibleｃonvｅyor萬(wàn)向接長(zhǎng)機(jī)boｌtv.打錨桿;n.錨桿mｉｎiｎgmethｏｄ采礦方法;minｉngoperation采礦作業(yè)；groｕｎdcontrol頂板管理;rｅcｏverｙ回采率;subｓｉdｅncecontｒoｌ地表沉陷控制ｃovｅr覆蓋層;oｖerbuｒdｅｎ上覆地層;immedｉatｅｒoｏf直接頂;flｏor底板；ｈardness硬度;strength強(qiáng)度ｃleavage解理gas,ｍｅthane瓦斯ｄａilyoperatｉon平常工作siｎgｌeｏpｅｒatiｏn單一工序uｎｉtoｐeｒatｉon單元作業(yè)auxiｌｉarｙｏｐeratｉｏn輔助作業(yè)cuttiｎgn.切割，掏槽；ｌigｈtiｎgn.照明oｕｔcroｐ露頭,露出地面的巖層ｄevｅｌｏpｍentstagｅ開拓階段prｏduｃtｉｏnsｔaｇe生產(chǎn)階段ｈaulagecapａcｉｔy運(yùn)送能力mainｅntry主巷baｒrierpillar隔離煤柱buttentｒｙ區(qū)段平巷shearer滾筒采煤機(jī)planｅr,Plow刨煤機(jī)aｕgｅrminｉng螺旋鉆開采rapｉdexｃａｖaｔｉoｎ快速掘進(jìn)ocｅaｎmｉｎing海洋采礦mｉnｅboundary井田邊界terｒａinn.地形geologicalstｒuctｕrｅ地質(zhì)構(gòu)造faultｎ.斷層ｆoldn.褶皺downｆoldn.背斜ｕpfoldn.向斜coalquａlity煤質(zhì)occurｒencｅ賦存ｍinegeologicａlreserｖe礦井地質(zhì)儲(chǔ)量uｓabｌeresｅrves(Ａ+B+C+D）可運(yùn)用儲(chǔ)量temprarｙuｓelｅssrｅsrves暫不能運(yùn)用儲(chǔ)量miｎeiｎdustrialreserveZg=（A+B+Ｃ)礦井工業(yè)儲(chǔ)量fuｔurereserve(Ｄ）遠(yuǎn)景儲(chǔ)量ｗorkaｂlerｅｓeｒve開采儲(chǔ)量dｅsigｎeｄloｓｔresｅrve設(shè)計(jì)煤炭損失recoveryrate回采率ＭiｎeProｄuctioｎCapaｃity(MPC）礦井生產(chǎn)能力coalfａceoutpｕt采煤工作面產(chǎn)量miｎiｎgdiｓtricｔｐrｏdｕctｉoncapacity采區(qū)生產(chǎn)能力ｃostpeｒtｏncoalprｏdｕct噸煤成本miｎeserｖｉcelife礦井使用年限mineｆieｌddeｖeloｐmenｔ井田開拓ｄevｅlopmｅntroaｄwaｙ開拓巷道devｅlｏpmeｎｔway開拓方式developmeｎｔsystem開拓系統(tǒng)portaltype井筒類型aｄitdｅvｅlopmeｎt平硐開拓sｌｏpｅdeｖｅlopment斜井開拓?sｈafｔdeｖeloｐmenｔ立井開拓cｏmbineddevelｏｐment綜合開拓deｖelopmenｔroadwaylayout開拓巷道布置mainroaｄwayfｏrsinglesｅam分層大巷gatheringmａinroadｗay集中大巷gaｔeｒinｇmainroａdwaｙforeａchcoａlseamgroｕp分組集中大巷siｎglｅleveｌ單水平mｕｔiplｅlevel多水平ｐｒeparatioｎtyｐe準(zhǔn)備方式risetypｅ上山式riｓeandｄipTyｐe上下山式combinｅdrisesandｄip上山、上下山混合式iｎdustrialaｒea工業(yè)場(chǎng)地ｍｉniｎgleｖel開采水平pｉtbottom井底車場(chǎng)dｅｖｅｌopｍenｔｄｅe(cuò)pｅning開拓延深rｅpｌａcementofmininglevｅｌ水平接替transpｏｒｔationfacilｉty運(yùn)送設(shè)備eｌｅｃtromeｃhａnｉcalmineoperaｔion礦井機(jī)電作業(yè)capitａｌinｖｅｓtmeｎt基本建設(shè)投資。minａbility可采性marketａbｉlity適銷性,可銷性coａｌreｓerｖe煤礦noｍinａl，名義上的,極小的。opｅratingmine生產(chǎn)礦井sｕrfaｃeｔopograｐhｙ地面地形，表面地形coalfield煤田measuｒｅ層組ｃoａl-beariｎgmｅａsure含煤地層ｔillｅdarｅａ耕地rｅｓｅrvｏir水庫(kù)powerline電力線，輸電線rｅsｅｒvａｔiｏnn．保存地;自然保護(hù)區(qū)portal井筒expeｃtedlifeoftｈｅminｅ礦井的設(shè)計(jì)使用年限r(nóng)ailhaulaｇe軌道運(yùn)送drifｔ平硐shaｆｔ立井,豎井ｓlｏpｅ斜井topsoil(表土層),ｑuicksａnｄ(流砂層).mainshａft主立井a(chǎn)ｕxｉliａryshａｆｔ副立井a(chǎn)irshaft風(fēng)井tｒanｓｆerhｏuse中轉(zhuǎn)煤倉(cāng)heaｄframｅ井架ｈoisthousｅ提高機(jī)房，絞車房skiｐ箕斗caｇｅ罐籠ｃａrｄumｐ卸煤設(shè)備storａｇebin井底煤倉(cāng)pｒｅｓｓurｅdrop壓降capitalcost基建費(fèi)用aｄvａｎｃｉngｍinｉｎｇ前進(jìn)式開采reｔreａt(yī)iｎｇmining后退式開采ｄesｃeｎdingmiｎiｎｇ下行式downwardsmｉning下行式uｐwardmiｎｉnｇ上行式ｄｏubｌe-trackｅdtｒainｈoｉsｔｉngsystｅｍ雙溝串車提高系統(tǒng)Single－trａckｅdtrａinｈoistｉngsystｅm單鉤串車提高系統(tǒng)endleｓsrｏp無(wú)極繩提高Ovｅrｈeaｄmｏnorial單軌吊Sｕblｅvelsｌopedｅvelｏpmeｎt片盤斜井Sｔａrcasｅ-ｌikｅAｄit階梯平硐pumpstａｔion泵站sumpn．水倉(cāng)ａreａdeｖelopmｅnt分區(qū)域開拓ｇaｓｎ.瓦斯Powerbｅlｔｃoｎｖｅyor強(qiáng)力皮帶機(jī)ｃentｅrrｉsｅ中央上山sｕrｒoｕnｄingrocｋ圍巖maintｅnancen.維護(hù)hｙｄro-geｏlｏgｉｃalconditiｏn水文地質(zhì)條件weaｔheredzone風(fēng)化帶foldn.褶皺faultn．?dāng)鄬覱utｃｒopn.露頭ventilatｉonresｉsｔaｎcｅ通風(fēng)阻力ｃｏmbｉnｅｄdeveｌopｍent綜合開拓Multｉple-portａlareadeｖelopment多井筒分區(qū)域開拓pitbｏttoｍ井底車場(chǎng)ｍainhａulageｃｒoｓs-cut主運(yùn)送石門mainhaulaｇeroadｗａy運(yùn)送大巷distrｉｃtｂotｔoｍsｔation采區(qū)下部車場(chǎng)ｄｉstrｉｃtｍidｄlestａｔiｏｎ采區(qū)中部車場(chǎng)diｓtrｉctｔopｓtａt(yī)ion采區(qū)上部車場(chǎng)ｄistrｉｃtｃoalbunkeｒ采區(qū)煤倉(cāng)districthａulagerise采區(qū)運(yùn)送上山distrｉcｔtrａckriｓe采區(qū)軌道上山maiｎｒeturnairwaｙ總回風(fēng)巷mainｒｅtｕｒｎ-aiｒroadway回風(fēng)大巷ｈeａdｅntｒy區(qū)段運(yùn)送平巷tailｅｎtｒy區(qū)段回風(fēng)平巷ｓuｂleveldiｓtricｔhaulａgecroｓsｃｕt區(qū)段運(yùn)送石門suｂｌevｅldｉstrｉctｒetｕrn-aircrｏsscut區(qū)段回風(fēng)石門stripn.分帶，條帶strｉpｓtrict帶區(qū)paneln.盤區(qū)工作面周邊地層：Ｏvｅｒlyinｇｓtｒａt(yī)a上覆地層:Maｉnroｏf老頂,基本頂Ｉmmｅdiateroof直接頂Goｂ采空區(qū)－-Faｃe—rｉb（煤壁）Floor底板Uｎderlyinｇｓｔraｔa下伏地層Grｏｕndconｔroｌ頂板解決方式:（１）Cａving;（2）Pacｋ。Stabｌｅ切口，機(jī)窩deaｄｗork準(zhǔn)備工作，非生產(chǎn)性工作。Mobilebｅltconvｅｙor可移式膠帶運(yùn)送機(jī)Nｏｅxceptioｎ無(wú)一例外rｅｇuｌarmａintｅｎaｎcen.平常修理,定期檢修D(zhuǎn)owntｉｍe停工期(由于損壞、修理等因素導(dǎo)致的停機(jī)時(shí)間),停工時(shí)間，停機(jī)時(shí)間Ｃleaｒａｎce空隙Ｉmｍedｉateaｒeaoftheface:工作面的直接區(qū)域Rｉbｌinｅ煤壁線,腰線heａdiｎg掘進(jìn)頭，平巷uptodip沿傾斜上行Comｐressiｏnsｔrenｇｔｈ壓縮強(qiáng)度Undｅrlｙiｎgstrata下伏地層bｅdｓepaｒａt(yī)ion離層Oｎstrｉke沿走向Rad=radiａn,弧度Ｃlｅat解理Hoｌdtruｅ有效，合用Halｆbuｔｔcuttｉng半垂直切割Ａngleofａt(yī)ｔａck沖角ｖiｒgｉｎconditioｎs原始條件；Hardｅrｒoofｓtrａt(yī)ａSoftercoalｓeam――unｉforｍlydisｔrｉｂｕtedsｔress,theｏverburdeｎwｅｉgｈｔHaｒdeｒfｌｏoｒstrataindｕceｄｂyminiｎg采動(dòng)引起的Ｓtrｅｓsdｉｓｔributｉon應(yīng)力分布Deflecｔ偏斜，偏轉(zhuǎn),撓曲，下垂Ｃａveiｎ冒頂，垮落Fronｔａｂutｍeｎtpreｓsｕre前方支承壓力Sidｅaｂutmｅｎtpressure側(cè)向支承壓力Rｅaｒabuｔｍenｔｐressｕre后方支承壓力前方支承壓力:分布范圍:150mfirｓtfｅlｔ/occur出現(xiàn),有反映，有感應(yīng)；45-6０mｐiｃkupｓlｉghｔly略有增長(zhǎng),略有加速;15-21minｃreaserapidlｙ迅速增長(zhǎng)；1.５-5m支承壓力峰值peakabutmentpressurｅｍａgnitudeoｆthepeakａbutｍｅnｔpｒｅsｓuｒe峰值大小:1．5－5oveｒburｄｅrnwｅigｈt后方壓力:vｅrtｉcalｐressuｒefaｃearea:ｆａrbelowthecoverｌoaｄgobarea：graｄｕaｌlｙｉｎｃreａｓeatlasｔ：ｔheｃｏverｌoａd范圍:0.3-0.4thｅoverburdenthｉckｎeｓｓ.NoabutmentpressureSｉdeabｕｔmeｎtＦirｓｔfelｔ:Atｔhｅsametiｍeasthｅfrｏnｔabutmentpresｓure范圍:ｆromtheｒibｔo1／３or１/４hｌａrｇeｓtaｔｔhｅribｓide,ｄecreａseexpoｎeｎｔiaｌlｙｗitｈdistanｃｅfroｍribpoｓiｔionofｐeａkpｒesｓure:0.015hMagnituｄedｅpeｎｄonthｅthicknessandｌeｎgthofｔheｉmｍeｄiateroofhangｉnｇintｈeｇoｂ.Goｂａreａ采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定－－slｉｐ，ｓaｇ,separatｅ--ｃaveiｎFａcｅarea工作面區(qū)SuｐpｏrttheimｍedｉateｒooｆSoｌidcoal實(shí)體煤Facｅ-ｔo-gｏbｄistanｃe控頂距,工作面到采空區(qū)的距離。Ｙieldpresｓｕrｅ屈服壓力ｓuppｏrtresiｓtanｃe支架阻力Ｆace-to-ｔｉpdｉstａnce端面距Precut預(yù)切割Framｅs節(jié)式支架Sｔｒｏke行程Chｏcksupｐort垛式支架Dｏuｂlｅ-aｃｔiｎgｒaｍ雙作用千斤頂Wｅｂcｕt截深Sｈiｅlds掩護(hù)式支架Dｏｕbleliｎk雙鍵Ｌemniscatｅ雙紐線,四聯(lián)桿Ｒoofｃａnｏpy頂梁Cｈoｃk-Sｈｉeld支撐掩護(hù)式支架lｅg,prop立柱canopｙ頂梁ｆorwａｒdcａnoｐy前梁rearcanopy尾梁ｃavingshｉｅｌｄ掩護(hù)梁fｌipper，spａｕｌingshiｅlｄ護(hù)幫板ｓlｉdeｒ,ｊackbｏard插板rａm,ｃｙlinder，ｊａcｋ千斤頂hｏse油管ｅmｕlsiｏn乳化液ｖaｌve閥suppoｒｔｙiｅldｉng支架卸載ｍinｅｒ，ｍiｎｉnｇmachiｎe采煤機(jī)ｃontinuｏusｍinｅr連續(xù)采煤機(jī)sheaｒeｒ滾筒采煤機(jī)mｏtoｒ電動(dòng)機(jī)、馬達(dá)electriｃmotor電機(jī)haｕlａgｅgｅarcaｓe牽引部gearhead傳動(dòng)部cutterdｒumｇeａrcasｅ滾筒截割部ｂｅｄplaｔe底盤、底座ｃontrolunｉｔ控制裝置cｈain鏈條reｄuｃinｇgｅarbox減速箱pilｌｂｏａrd擋煤板ｃoｗl擋煤板ｂit截齒druｍ滾筒ｒaｎｇiｎｇ－ａｒｍ?yè)u臂gｅａｒ齒輪ｔrａｃk軌道gｅartrａcｋ齒軌geａrcasｅｎ.齒輪箱Rｏtor轉(zhuǎn)子flexibleflightｃoｎveｙor/facｅchaｉｎｃonveyoｒ工作面可彎曲刮板輸送機(jī)maｉnｃｏｍponentｓ重要部件drｉｖeｈead機(jī)頭部elecｔricmotｏｒ電動(dòng)機(jī)Hｙdraｕliccoupling液力聯(lián)軸器sｐeedｒedｕcer減速器chaiｎwheel／spｒockeｔ鏈輪drivehｅaｄｆrame機(jī)頭架ｍｉddlesectｉons中間部linepan溜槽fｌighｔ/scraｐｅr刮板liｎkchａin刮板鏈ｅnｄlｅssｃhain無(wú)極鏈機(jī)尾部ｔａiｌｅｎd機(jī)尾架Ｄriｖeendframｅ鏈輪sｐrocket附屬裝置auｘilｉarydrives/ｕniｔs擋煤板spilｌboaｒｄ/spillpｌaｔe(ｃｏwl罩,外殼）鏟煤板rａｍpｐｌaｔe千斤頂ｊackchaiｎdｒive鏈?zhǔn)絺鲃?dòng):classificaｔｉoｎaccorｄingｔochaiｎarrａnｇeｍenｔ雙邊鏈doubleｓtｒandｏuｔboaｒdchain三鏈trｉplestrａndchａin單中鏈singlemｉddlｅchain雙中鏈douｂlｅmiddlechａin新型刮板輸送機(jī)側(cè)卸式side-loａdingfigｈｔｃonvｅyor垂直轉(zhuǎn)彎式rｏllｅｒ-curvefiｇhtcｏnveyｏr轉(zhuǎn)載機(jī)TｒａnsfｅrcｏnveyoｒAshortheaｖｙflexibｌｅflｉghｔｃｏｎｖeyor橋式轉(zhuǎn)載機(jī)（bｒidge)sｔagｅｌoａder區(qū)段皮帶輸送機(jī)Maiｎｃomponeｎts皮帶bｅlt托輥rｏｌler支撐托輥supportiｎｇrollｅｒ機(jī)架fraｍe傳動(dòng)裝置dｒiveunit電動(dòng)機(jī)ｅlectrｉcmotor聯(lián)軸器ｃoupling減速器speeｄreducer滾筒drum①卸載滾筒unlｏadeddrum②機(jī)尾導(dǎo)向滾筒ｔailguiｄedrｕm③拉緊滾筒ｔake-updruｍ④機(jī)尾導(dǎo)向滾筒ｇuidｅdrum拉緊裝置take-uｐuｎits制動(dòng)裝置Bｒaｋingｄeｖices采區(qū)運(yùn)送系統(tǒng)：上山riｓｅ下山dipＤipanglｅ≤15°ｂelｔconvｅyor15°<Diｐangｌe≤25°cｈaiｎconveyorDｉpaｎgle＞２5°ceramiｃcoｎveyｏｒ水平運(yùn)送系統(tǒng)水平運(yùn)送大巷horizontalhauｌagｅｅntrybeltｃonｖeyor礦車trｏlleywagons機(jī)車locoｍotive電力機(jī)車tｒolleｙlocomoｔiｖｅ蓄電池機(jī)車batterｙlocomｏtivｅ礦車waｇon固定箱式礦車FixｅdboxｗaｇonＴippinｇｂｕcketｗａgonFrontunloａdｉngwａｇon底卸式礦車Bｏttｏm-ｄumpｗａgon立井提高系統(tǒng)礦井提高系統(tǒng)Mｉｎeｈoｉｓｔｓｙｓtem提高機(jī)Eｎginehoist鋼絲繩ｗiｒeｒopｅ天輪ｈeadｓheａve（n.滑輪)箕斗ｓkip輔助運(yùn)送auｘiｌｉａrytransportationTｒaｎsｐortaｔionoｆｍateriａl,equipment,waｓtｅａndpｅrsonnel材料、設(shè)備、矸石、人員副井AｕxilｉaｒysｈaftSimilartomainｓhaft罐籠Cａge――hoistcｏntainer斜井ＳlopｅＩntheslope,mａt(yī)ｅriａlandequipmentａreｕsuａｌlｙｔrａnsportedbｙdirecｔｒｏｐehoistandendlｅｓsｒｏpｅｈoisｔ.Wｈｉｌetｈeｗａstｅisｔranｓportedbysｋｉpａndtｒainａｃｃordingtotｈedipangle.Theperｓｏnｎelaretraｎspｏrtedｂｙａsｐeｃｉaｌｍan－cａrintheslｏpe.水平運(yùn)送大巷ｈorｉzｏntalhaｕlagｅe(cuò)ｎtryEleｃtriclocomotivehaulthewａgonstｏtranspｏrｔmateｒiａl,equｉpｍent,waｓtｅ.Ｅleｃtriｃlocomotiｖehaultheｓpeciａlman－ｃaｒstｏtransportmineｒs．采區(qū)上下山ｄistrictriｓeanddｉｐ1)有極繩提高Ｄｉrｅｃtropeｈoistdipａngle:8-2２鋼絲繩的一端與礦車相連,通過(guò)絞車（wiｎcｈ)放出和收回。２)無(wú)極繩提高Endlｅssropｅhoisｔdipａｎgle:≤10區(qū)段運(yùn)送Tａilentrｙ:wagｏns＋wiｒｅropｅOverheadmoｎoraｉl單軌吊OｖｅrheａｄendleｓｓropｅｈoiｓtTransfeｒconveyor轉(zhuǎn)載運(yùn)送機(jī)Ｓtageｌoader橋式轉(zhuǎn)載機(jī)Ｒｏllercuｒvecｏnveyoｒ滾軸轉(zhuǎn)彎運(yùn)送機(jī)風(fēng)機(jī)：Ｖentilａt(yī)ｉonfan回風(fēng)井:Returnｓｈaft進(jìn)風(fēng)井：IｎtａｋesｈaftWorｋiｎgfaceIntakeｗｏｒｋing回風(fēng)巷道:Reｔurnｒoａdｗay新鮮風(fēng)：ＦreshａiｒAirfloｗ乏風(fēng):Dirtyair回風(fēng)系統(tǒng)：抽出式通風(fēng):Exhaustｖeｎtilａt(yī)ion負(fù)壓negatｉvepreｓsurｅ壓入式通風(fēng)：Forcedveｎｔiｌatioｎ正壓Positivｅpresｓｕrｅ風(fēng)機(jī)類型:離心式風(fēng)機(jī):Centｒifugalfan；軸流式風(fēng)機(jī)：Axｉalflowfan。通風(fēng)設(shè)施：Vｅntilatingｓｔrｕctｕres風(fēng)墻:Ｖenｔｉlａｔionwall風(fēng)門:Ａiｒdoｏr風(fēng)橋:AirbridgeＡirrｅgulａt(yī)or防塵、滅塵:Ｄustsuｐｐressioｎwatｅrsprａy灑水,misｔsｐｒaｙ噴霧固定滾筒雙向截割采煤機(jī)fiｘｅｄ－drumbi－diｒectｉｏnａlsｈearer單滾筒可調(diào)高采煤機(jī)single-druｍrａnging-armshearer雙滾筒可調(diào)高采煤機(jī)douｂｌe-dｒａmｒａngiｎg-ａｒｍsheａrer礦井瓦斯：minegaｓ瓦斯：ｇaｓ,metｈａne,ｆiredaｍpＡｌｌhａｚａrｄouｓgaseｓinundｅrｇrouｎｄcｏalmines,iｔsmajｏrcompｏnｅntｉsCＨ４.Coｌoｒlｅｓｓ，oｄoｒless,ｎonpoisonouｓ，Coｍbustｉｂle.Iｔsdensiｔｙislesstｈanｔhatoftheａiｒ,ｓoitoｆｔenａcｃumuｌateｓnｅartheｒoof.Gas／mｅtｈａｎｅcontrｏl瓦斯控制Gassyｍｉne高瓦斯礦井Twodｉsｔｉｎctphasｅsofoperatｉoｎ：Fｉrstrｏomｓandpillａrsareｄeveｌopｅdinａseｃtion．Thesｅcoｎdismininｇｐiｌｌars.Ｔwobaｓicminingmethｏds：Conventiｏnalmｉnｉngｍethod.普通采煤方法Cuｔtｉｎg掏槽atthebotｔomofthｅcoalseａmahｏrizｏnｔalslｏtｉs６－9inch,5-７ｆｅe(cuò)tdeepDrｉllinｇ鉆眼tｈeｏptiｍuｍnumbｅrandｌｏcatioｎofｂoｒeｈoleｓcoaｌfraｇmentsaｆterblastinｇｎeｉthertｏobｉgnortoosｍａｌlforefficientlｏadinｇ.Blaｓting爆破expｌoｓivｅsarelｏadediｎtoeaｃｈborｅｈoleanddetonａｔｅdｎ.起爆Loaｄｉng裝煤sｈuｔｔlecarseｃtｉonbｅltconveyor.Twosｈuttlecａrsareused.roofbolｔiｎg頂板錨桿支護(hù)為了充足發(fā)揮設(shè)備和人員的能力，至少同時(shí)掘進(jìn)５個(gè)平行的巷道。由于生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)多、分散,逐漸被連續(xù)采煤方法取代。Contｉnuousmiｎinｇmeｔhod．連續(xù)采煤方法Icontinuｏｕsmineｒ+sｈuttlecａr連續(xù)采煤機(jī)＋梭車工藝+ｓectiｏｎｂeltconveyor＋roofboltｉng間斷運(yùn)送工藝ＩIcoｎｔinuousminer＋(inteｒｍediａt(yī)e)conveyors連續(xù)采煤機(jī)＋輸送機(jī)工藝＋seｃtionbeｌtｃonvｅyoｒ＋roｏfboｌｔing連續(xù)的運(yùn)送工藝Pｉlｌaｒｒeｃｏveｒy回收煤柱Thereａｒｅthｒeｅｍethoｄsｏfextｒacｔingpillars，opeｎ-endmｅｔhod,ｐocketａndｗiｎgmｅthｏdａndsplittingmｅｔｈod．open－enｄmeｔhod開端式pockｅtanｄｗingmeｔhod袋翼式ｓpliｔtiｎg劈柱式piｌlaｒblockslｉfts／slices煤柱――塊――切塊Coalｐroperty煤礦Arｅａ盤區(qū)Seｔofeｎtrｉes巷道群Ｅngineeｒｖt.設(shè)計(jì)Slough脫落,剝落，碎落;崩落，坍塌,滑坍Crush壓碎Afuｎctｉoｎoｆ是…的函數(shù),隨…而變。Rｅlativestrength相對(duì)強(qiáng)度Clearancｅ凈空ＢlockofcoaｌRoｏmworkCｕtｔingcoｎsequeｎce切割順序Ｆacｅｍｉnｉnｇcｙｃlｅ工作面開采循環(huán)Miｎｉnｇpracｔice開采Cｏlｌoquial[ｋE５lEukwiＥl]ａdj.口語(yǔ)的,通俗的Ｄictａt(yī)e規(guī)定，制定Outline形成…輪廓Iｎcorporatｅ…as…Ample充足的,豐富的solidworkcｈaｉnpillar巷道煤柱lessen減少，減輕lｉft小煤塊、slｉcｅ切塊ｐhｙｓicaｌcoｎdｉtｉonｎ.實(shí)際條件pｏｓt柱子,支柱stumｐ煤柱ｓlab平板feｎdeｒ煤柱,窄煤柱ｈanｄｌｏaｄing人工裝載coｍmonpraｃtｉｃｅ慣例cｏncｕrrentｌｙn.同時(shí)發(fā)生地,并行地ｉnplａce就地，原地；在地層內(nèi)rideoｖｅr騎馬來(lái),跨在…上mａsｏnryｎ.磚石工程，磚石建筑砌筑。Maｓｏnrｙstoｐping砌筑風(fēng)墻Canvａｓsｔopｐinｇ帆布風(fēng)簾LiｎｅＢrａt(yī)tice縱向風(fēng)障Loadiｎｇstaｔion裝車點(diǎn)1Roadwａysectiｏn巷道斷面掘進(jìn)drive,ｔｕnneｌ,excavate平巷掘進(jìn)Dｒｉfting巷道掘進(jìn)roaｄwayeｘcａvａｔｉon平巷掘進(jìn)n．driftiｎｇ沉井，鑿井n.sｉｎkinｇ上山掘進(jìn)n．raisｉnｇ下山掘進(jìn)ｎ．1）Thｅshapeｏfroadwaｙsection斷面形狀巷道斷面形狀重要取決于地層條件、服務(wù)年限和支護(hù)材料。Theｓhａpeofrｏadｗayｓectiondependsmaiｎｌyonstratａcondｉtiｏns,tｈeservingliｆeaｎdsupportingmaterialｓ.井筒Shａft,cｉrcular大巷Mainentrｙ,aｒｃhed,horsｅｓhoｅ上山rｉse,ladder－shaｐed,ｔrapezoiｄal順槽Ｇａｔｅway,lａddｅr-shapｅｄ，traｐeｚoidal2)Thesiｚｅofroａｄｗａyｓeｃｔiｏn斷面尺寸巷道斷面尺寸重要取決于巷道的用途。Thesiｚeｏfroaｄwａyseｃtiondependｓmａinｌyonitｓuse．它取決于運(yùn)送或提高設(shè)備或其它設(shè)備的尺寸,還要根據(jù)通風(fēng)規(guī)定對(duì)巷道斷面尺寸加以修改。Ｉtisdｅpeｎdenｔoｎhaulａgeorhｏistｉｎgｅquipｍentoroｔｈerｄevｉcｅｓuseｄ，anｄitｉsmｏｄifｉｅdacｃｏrdingtothevenｔilaｔioｎｒeqｕiｒemeｎt.凈寬,neｔwidth;凈高ｎeｔheigｈt；凈斷面面積netsectｉｏｎareａ。2Rｏａdwayexcaｖatiｏｎｉnroｃks巖巷掘進(jìn)炮掘,爆破掘進(jìn)：bｌasｔｉｎgexcavatｉoｎ裝巖，除渣:muｃｋing掘進(jìn)工藝涉及重要作業(yè)和輔助作業(yè)，其中重要作業(yè)涉及破巖、裝巖、運(yùn)送、支護(hù),輔助作業(yè)涉及通風(fēng)、鋪設(shè)軌道、挖掘排水溝、鋪設(shè)管線等等。Theｅxcａｖationtｅchniｑueconｓiｓtsofｍainｏｐeraｔｉonsincludｉngｂreａkiｎg，loading,hａulａgｅａndsupporｔ,aｎdauxｉlｉａryｗoｒkiｎcludinｇvenｔilation，ｌayingtｈetｒａｃk,dｉｇｇingditｃheｓａndｌａyingｐiｐesetc.1)Bｒeakiｎｇ破巖打眼放炮是目前應(yīng)用最廣泛的破巖方法。Drｉllingandｂｌasｔｉngisthｅｍoｓtｗidｅlyusedmeｔhｏdofｒockｂrｅakｉnｇａt(yī)ｐｒｅsent.（1)dｒilliｎgDrilln.鉆機(jī)氣動(dòng)輕型鉆機(jī),風(fēng)鉆Ａir－jackｌeg氣腿式鉆機(jī)Ａｉｒ-jackleｇｄｒｉlｌ架式鉆機(jī)Drifteｒ鉆車，鑿巖臺(tái)車Ｊumbo,dｒｉｌlcarｒiagｅ濕式鉆進(jìn)Ｗetdrilling干式鉆進(jìn)Drydrilｌing鉆孔bｏrehole(２）Bｌasting爆破炸藥:Explｏsｉｖe裝藥:Loadｅxpｌｏｓｉveinthｅboreｈoｌe，ｃharge起爆:ｄetoｎaｔｅ雷管:ｄeｔonator;電雷管：electriｃdｅtonator炮眼布置方式:drillingpａt(yī)ｔern掏槽眼:cutholｅ輔助眼：auxiｌｉaryhole周邊眼:trimhｏｌe頂眼:rｏofholｅ幫眼：flａnkhoｌe底眼:Ｂottomhole起爆順序：firinｇsｅqｕenceＣutauｘiｌiaryｒoof&flaｎkbｏttomThｅtｙpeｏfexｐlosｉveuｓed,rｏckｐrｏｐerｔies,anｄｍｅthodofloadingａndseqｕencｅoｆfｉriｎｇthehoｌes,affecｔholedepth,ｄiameter,aliｇｎmentanｄsｐacｉｎg.采用的炸藥的類型、巖石的特性、裝巖方法、各個(gè)鉆孔的起爆順序,這些都影響著鉆孔深度、直徑、排列和間距的擬定。Ablａsｔroundｃｏnsiｓtsofcut,relief,breast,aｎｄtrimｈoles.一個(gè)爆破炮眼組涉及掏槽眼、輔助眼、壓眼和邊界眼。2）Excａvationfaｃeventｉlatiｏn掘進(jìn)面通風(fēng)Faｎ風(fēng)機(jī)Aｉｒpｉｐｅ風(fēng)筒3）ｌoadinｇandｈaｕｌaｇe裝巖和運(yùn)送鏟斗裝巖機(jī)Ｓｈｏvelmｕckｅr耙斗裝巖機(jī)Scｒaｐｅrｍuｃker機(jī)車＋礦車Locｏmｏtｉve＋ｗａgonｓ4)sｕppoｒt支護(hù)3Ｒoaｄwayexｃavationiｎｃoａls煤巷掘進(jìn)1)cｏｎｖｅntionaｌexcavａt(yī)ｉonｏfcoaｌdrift傳統(tǒng)的煤層平巷掘進(jìn)法Breａｋinｇisbｙmeanｓofdrｉllingandblａstiｎg.手持式電鉆：ｈaｎdhｅldｅｌeｃtricdｒｉlllｏading:handｌoading人工裝煤scrapｅｒmucker:耙斗裝煤機(jī)coaｌlｏadeｒ:裝煤機(jī)扒抓，蟹抓2gａt(yī)hｅｒing-arms刮板輸送機(jī)：１scrapeｒcｏnveyoｒ2）綜掘fulｌymｅchanizedexcａvation（1）ｇatewaymachｉne平巷掘進(jìn)機(jī)組成:掘進(jìn)頭,（booｍ)cutteｒheａd，cuｔtingｈead裝煤裝置:loａdingmechaniｓm扒抓，蟹抓gatｈeｒing-arm刮板輸送機(jī)：scrａperconvｅyorhaｕlagｅ:皮帶輸送機(jī):beltstａｇe-loadｅｒmeｃhａnｉsm履帶行走裝置：crawlertraｖelmｅcｈanism支撐千斤頂：supｐortingcyｌｉndｅrｓ,用來(lái)固定機(jī)器ｏｔhercylindｅrs,ｃontroｌcuｔterhead液控箱ｈydrａuｌiｃcｏnｔrolｂox操作：操作時(shí),一方面驅(qū)動(dòng)履帶行走裝置，使得切削頭碰到煤壁；然后,伸長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)向千斤頂和后部千斤頂,支撐到巷道上；這樣就固定住了掘進(jìn)機(jī)。然后，切割頭在掘進(jìn)面底部的一側(cè)鉆入煤壁。操作水平擺動(dòng)千斤頂,使切割頭割到底部的此外一側(cè),這就在掘進(jìn)面底部完畢了一刀作業(yè)。操作升降千斤頂,使切割頭向上割一定距離（切割頭的直徑）,然后用相同的方法再割第二刀。執(zhí)行這個(gè)循環(huán)作業(yè),直到割完整個(gè)斷面。平巷掘進(jìn)機(jī)可以掘出任何形狀和尺寸的斷面,如圓形、馬蹄形、拱形和長(zhǎng)方形。Gatewaｙmaｃhinｅcaｎｅxcavateanysizeandshａpeｏfcｒoｓssectioｎ: