高考英語名詞性從句講解學案

高考英語名詞性從句講解考點分析非謂語動詞是高中英語的基礎；具體在語法填空、翻譯中以具體題目出現(xiàn)；熟練運用非謂語動詞，對于寫作的基礎和語匯上的豐富，也是非常大的提高。專題詳解i.主語從旬1.that從句作主語通常用it作形式主語，常見的此類主語從句結構有1)“1t+be+名詞（如apity/fact/problem/shame/surprise,nowonder等）+that從句”2)“It十be十形容詞(如natural,certain,clear,obvious,evident,necessary,true,likely,probable,possible,strangeimportant等)+that從句”注：當形容詞是important,natural,necessary,strange,essential,surprising等時，從句謂語用“(should)+動詞原形”，should可省略。3)“It+不及物動詞（如seems,turnsout,happens,appears,follows,occurstosb等）+that從句”4)"It+be過去分詞(如：known,said,reported,believed,announced,accepted,found,claimed,declared,thought,hoped,suggested等)+that從句”當過去分詞是suggested,demanded,required,commanded,recommended,ordered等詞時，從句謂語用“(should)+動詞原形”，should可省略。2.wh-從句1)表示“是否”意義時，只能用whether不能用if引導主語從句。2)it經(jīng)常用來作形式主語，而把wh-從句放在句尾。3)wh-從句經(jīng)?？梢苑旁诰涫住ｍ椌毩?A.What...why D.Why...that A.while B.that C.if D.for A.that C.what D.how C.That D.What wewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet. C.What wewilldo.A.That...that B.What...what C.Whatever...that D.As...as A.Who A.Who apitythatIdidn'tseeyoulastweek.A.That's B.What's C.It's D.There's C./ wegoswimmingeverydayA.If...do B.That...do C.That...does D.If...does D.One ed. It'sknowntous B.that D.how A.this B.that C.he D.it electricityistrue.A.Tducing B.TduceC.Tducing D.Tduces B.what C.that D.how A.that B.if C.what C.How A.If B.That C.What Itdoesn'tmatter A.who A.That A.What...is B.Whether...areC.That...is D.If...is A.That D.How A.That...whether.../ B.What...if...thatC.That...if...what D.What...whether.../Keys:1-5ABCAD6-10BBDCA11-15CBBBD16-20BBDAD21-25ACCDDii.賓語從句1.動詞后的賓語從句1)that引導的賓語從句后常接that引導的賓語從句的動詞有admit,agree,answer,believe,decide,declare,expect,explain,feel,hear,hope,intend,insist,mean,notice90rder,remember,reply,say,suggest,think,wish等2)wh-，if引導的賓語從句后常接wh-，if引導的賓語從句的動詞有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，findout，imagine，inform,1nquire,know,question,tell,understand,wonder，出scover等。3)“動詞十間接賓語+賓語從句”常使用此類結構的動詞有advise，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。4)“動詞+it十形容詞／名詞+that從句”常見的后接it作形式賓語的動詞有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。5)it作形式賓語的特殊句型常見的有：seetoitthat...；hateitthat...；oweittosb.that...；takeitforgrantedthat.2.形容詞后賓語從句后常接賓語從句的形容詞有：anxious，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud，surprised，worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,pleased,content,proud,annoyed,convinced，confident等。3.介詞后賓語從句后常接賓語從句的介詞有on，about，in，but，except等。4.賓語從句需要注意的問題1)當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時或者一般將來時時，賓語從句可根據(jù)句子意思選擇用所需要的時態(tài)。2)當主句是一般過去時時，賓語從句必須用相應的過去時態(tài)。3)但是當賓語從句表達的是普遍真理或客觀規(guī)律時，賓語從句時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時。4)當主句謂語是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，賓語從句的意義是否定時，not要轉移到主句中；但當從句有否定意義的never，．seldom，hardly，scarcely等詞時，否定詞不轉移。5)主句中謂語是think，believe，suppose，ex》ect，imagine，guess等，同時，wh-連詞引導的表示疑問的賓語從句，應將連詞wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑問語序，從句語序不變。例如：Whendoyouthinkhewillcomeback?Doyouthinkwhenhewillcomeback?(錯句）6)當主句動詞是wish時，從句的時態(tài)要用虛擬語氣；當主句的動詞是suggest，demand，require等詞時，從句要用可省略should的虛擬語氣。7)if?？纱鎤hether，但是當從句作介詞賓語時，只能用whether。8)引導賓語從句的that?？墒÷?，但是當兩個that從句由and或or連接時，第二個從句的that不能省略。專項練習 A.that B.what D.where A.wouldsolve...once B.workedout...them D.wouldsettle...but wecan'tgetseemsbetterthanA.What...whatB.What...that D.That...what B.what C.that D.which B.takeitasgranted D.grantit specificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassix C.that D.which A.that B.it C.which D.this . A.who D.whatever ? B.thenearestbusstopislocated D.locatedisthenearestbusstop —No,butIwishI .A.did B.went C.had D.would . Idon'tdoubt B.if C.that D.what A.if B.what C.which A.that B.what A.why B.that C.what D.if A.however D.whatever .A.thematterwasB.thewrongwasC.wasthematterD.wasthewrong Wedon'tcare A.whether B.if D.that A.it B.that C.what D.which A.that B.as C.why Mr.WangistogiveusareportonA.that B.what D.which A.exceptwhat B.exceptthat C.exceptfor D.except .A.whoishe B.whoheis C.whoisit D.whoitis ,butin . C.whatdoyouget...whatdoyougiveD.whatyouget...whatyougive waystation.A.where B.what C.that D.which D.whoever A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever Youcan'timagine B.howexcitedtheywere D.theywerehowexcited A.any...who C.whatever...whom D.every...who Hiswordsdon'tagreewiththebossasksfor,sowedon'tknowwhattodo.A.what D.when A.what...that B.that...that C.what...what D.that...what A.that B.for D.what A.wouldsee C.willseeD.see —IblamedMaryyesterday.—Iwouldratheryou .A.didn'tdothat B.hadn'tdonethatC.wouldn'tdothat D.shouldn'thavedonethatKeys:1-5BCABA 6-10CBDBB11-15CBCDC16-20BDCDA21-25CBADD26-30BDABB31-35AADCBiii.表語從句1.that表語從句1)常接表語從句的聯(lián)系動詞有be，look，remaln，seem等。2)引導表語從句的that不可省略。2.wh-表語從句1)當表示“是否”之意時，引導表語從句的連詞不能用if，只能用whether。2)經(jīng)常見到的句型有thatiswhy.，this/itisbecause.，thisiswhere.等。專項練習 —Oh,that's . B.whateverIfeelexcitedabout D.whenIfeelexcited Heneverworkshard.Andthat's B.that D.why A./.,because B.why,because C./,that D.why,whether B.that D.isthat A.that,when B.that,what C.that,where D.what,whereKeys:1-5ADCACiv.同位語從句1.that同位語從句1)一般由that引導，而且that不能省略。2)有時候，為避免句子頭重腳輕，同位語從句可與名詞分隔開來。3)后可接同位語從句的抽象名詞有fact，belief，hope，idea，doubt，news，rumor，conclusion,evidence,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,discovery,explanation，information,knowledge,law,truth,opinion,promlse,report,thought,statement,possibility等詞。2.wh-同位語從句1)引導同位語從句的wh-連詞在從句中作一定成分，而且有意義。2)引導同位語從句的wh-連詞不能省略。3)同位名詞多含有疑問意義，如doubt，wonderproblemquestion等。3.同位語從句與定語從句之區(qū)別1)that在定語從句中既代替先行詞，又在從句中作一定成分。而that在同位語從句中只起連接作用，不在句中作任何成分。2)定語從句是形容詞性的，對先行詞進行修飾，限定，描述其性質(zhì)和特征。同位語從句是名詞性的，對名詞進行補充說明和解釋。3)作為名詞的doubt在肯定句中，后接whether引導的同位語從句；在否定句或疑問句中，后接that引導的同位語從句。4)who引導的疑問句中，doubt后接that引導的疑問句。專項練習 A.which B.why C.that A.which B.why C.that A.which B.that C.what versities.A.while B.that D.why A.when C.what D.that A.that C.if D.as A.thatwhat B.whatthat C.that A.which B.that C.why D.while thereisair,waterandsunlight,therearelivingthings. C.where D.that B.if C.what D.which ?A.howIwasworried B.howworriedIwas D.whatIwasworried A.Words C.Aword D.Word A.that B.what D./ A.which C.that D.how A.that D./Keys:1-5CCBBD 6-10AABBA11-15BDACAv.名詞性從句要注意的幾點問題1.that，what，whether，if須注意的情況1)that，whether，if在從句中不作成分，而what在從句中既引導從句又作成分。2)whether在從句中不作任何成分，但有不確定的意義，而that無任何意義。2.whether，if引導名詞性從句的區(qū)別1)whether可以引導表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句和介詞的賓語從句，而if不能。2)whether和if引導的從句都可以作動詞賓語，這時whether=if。3.whether，if與that的選擇1)doubt，wonder，notknow，notdecide，stillaproblem，stillaquestion后多接whether，if從句。2)nowonder，nodoubt，wellknown后多接that從句。4.名詞性從句的虛擬語氣1)suggestion，order，advice后的同位語從句或表語從句用虛擬語氣，其從句的謂語動詞用“should十動詞原形”，should可以省略。2)insist,order,command,demand,suggest,advise,propose,require,request后接的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，其形式是‘‘should十動詞原形”，should可省略。5.where引導表語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別1)where引導表語從句時，從句緊跟在系動詞之后，而且從句前面沒有先行詞；where＝theplacewhere。2)where引導定語從句時，從句要跟在先行詞后面，where＝in/on/atwhich。3)where引導狀語從句時，從句前面也沒有先行詞，從句跟在實意動詞后面，且where在主從句中都作成分，where＝in/aton/totheplacewhere。6.who,whoever,nomatterwho1)名詞性從句的主語表示一個人時，用who引導從句。2)名詞性從句表示任何人時，用whoever引導從句，whoever=anyonewho。3)nomatterwh-只能用來引導讓步狀語從句，主從句之間有逗號隔開。4)wh-ever可以引導名詞性從句也可以代替nomatterwh-引導的狀語從句。7.名詞性從句都用陳述語序。8.從句作主語時，主句中的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)，或者與表語保持一致。專項練習 B.inthefactthatC.inthefact D.that B.that C.who D.what A.what...which B.whatever...whicheverC.that...that D.what...what A.inwhich B.that C.which D.where shedidn'twanttopartwithherfriends. B.since C.for D.that ermenfromcontinuingtokillthem.A./ C.that D.why A.That;is B.That;are C.What;are D.What;is W